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Clin Psychol Rev 2021 May 28;88:102047. Epub 2021 May 28.

Purdue University, United States of America.

Despite years of research demonstrating a relation between personality pathology and intimate partner violence (IPV), no meta-analysis has been published examining how well, or poorly, all ten personality disorders (PDs) predict IPV perpetration or victimization, nor has any meta-analysis examined these relations across types of IPV. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to synthesize existing research on the effects of all ten PDs, as well as psychopathy and global PD symptoms, on physical, psychological, and sexual IPV perpetration and victimization. An initial search in PsycINFO, PubMed, and Sociological Abstracts yielded 3988 results. Read More

PLoS One 2021 15;16(6):e0252403. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Lübeck, Lübeck, Germany.

Distress Tolerance Skills (DTS) are an important component of Dialectical Behavioral Therapy (DBT), a therapy method frequently used for treating patients with Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD). However, little is known about how DTS-training is experienced by individuals with BPD. The aim of this study was to explore BPD patients' experiences with receiving DTS-training. Read More

Psychol Med 2021 Jun 15:1-15. Epub 2021 Jun 15.

Department of Clinical Psychological Science, Maastricht University, Maastricht, the Netherlands.

Background: Violent criminal offenders with personality disorders (PD's) can cause immense harm, but are often deemed untreatable. This study aimed to conduct a randomized clinical trial to test the effectiveness of long-term psychotherapy for rehabilitating offenders with PDs.

Methods: We compared schema therapy (ST), an evidence-based psychotherapy for PDs, to treatment-as-usual (TAU) at eight high-security forensic hospitals in the Netherlands. Read More

CNS Spectr 2021 Apr;26(2):157

Epidemiologic Research & Methods, LLC, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Objective: Disease prevalence, comorbid conditions, and pharmacological treatments were examined in a large population of US commercial- or Medicaid-insured individuals with schizophrenia.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional claims analysis sourced data from the IBM MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Databases and the Multi-state Medicaid Database (01Jan2009 to 30Jun2016). Cases were defined by =1 diagnostic claim (ICD-9-CM/ICD-10-CM) for schizophrenia during the study period. Read More

Nord J Psychiatry 2021 Jun 14:1-12. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

Background: The societal shutdown due to the Covid-19 pandemic involved mental health services for personality disorder (PD) and was introduced from 12 March 2020 in Norway. Rapid implementation of treatment modifications was required for patients typically characterized by insecure attachment and vulnerability to separation.

Aim: To investigate immediate reactions to the shutdown of services; alternative treatment received; and differences related to age in a clinical sample of patients with PD. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

QualiPsy, EE 1901, University of Tours, 37000, Tours, France.

There is an ongoing debate about the importance and the extent to which psychological and psychopathological factors, adverse childhood experiences, and socio-demographic characteristics are associated with the development of certain types of rheumatic disease. With the aim of contributing to knowledge on the subject, the present study uses machine learning modeling to determine the importance of 20 psychological and social variables in predicting two classes of rheumatic disease: inflammatory rheumatic and musculoskeletal diseases (RMD) (rheumatoid arthritis = RA, spondyloarthritis = SA, and Sjögren's syndrome = SS) versus non-inflammatory RMD, namely fibromyalgia = FM). A total of 165 French women with FM, RA, SA, and SS completed an inventory of personality traits, a psychopathology diagnosis questionnaire, and a fatigue/pain questionnaire. Read More

J Pers Disord 2021 Jun 14:1-30. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Clinic for Personality Disorders and Suicide Prevention, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby, Denmark.

Identity diffusion is one of the defining characteristics of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Given its central importance in the formal diagnostic criteria for personality disorders, identity diffusion is remarkably under-researched. In particular, our knowledge of the phenomenology of identity diffusion needs to be improved. Read More

Front Psychol 2021 28;12:635406. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Psychology, University of Milan-Bicocca, Milan, Italy.

This work investigates the relationship between goals and mitigation behaviors during the COVID-19 pandemic in Italy. Study 1 (pilot) identified goals ascribed to following and violating mitigation-related indications. Study 2 investigated the structure of and link between COVID-related goals and behaviors in a large community sample ( = 995, 301 men). Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 26;12:671448. Epub 2021 May 26.

Center for Mental Health, University Psychiatric Clinic Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

There is increasing clinical evidence of an association between gender variability, gender dysphoria (GD), and autism spectrum disorder (ASD). This seems to be a two-way relationship, a person with GD is more likely to be diagnosed with ASD and vice versa. In youth, it is important to distinguish whether the presented symptoms are a manifestation of ASD focus on special interests or symptoms of co-occurring GD. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 26;12:663889. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Psychiatry, Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Barcelona, Spain.

Several investigations have been performed on insomnia symptoms in adult attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). However, the relationship between insomnia disorder and adult ADHD has been neglected in research. The main objective of the current study is to analyze the differences between adult ADHD patients with and without insomnia disorder, in terms of ADHD clinical severity, medical and psychiatric comorbidity, psychopharmacological treatment, and quality of life. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2021 26;12:643270. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Addictology, General University Hospital in Prague and 1st Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czechia.

Empirical soundness and international robustness of the PID5BF+M, a shortened version of the PID-5 developed for simultaneous evaluation of maladaptive personality traits in the DSM-5 AMPD and ICD-11 models for personality disorders, was recently confirmed in 16 samples from different countries. Because the modified PID5BF+ scale (36 items) was extracted from the complete 220-item PID-5, an independent evaluation of psychometric properties of a stand-alone PID5BF+M is still missing. The present study evaluated the validity and reliability of the 36-item PID5BF+M in comparison with the extracted version from the original PID-5. Read More

J Nerv Ment Dis 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Balıkesir Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Balıkesir Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Dr Sami Ulus Maternity and Children's Research and Training Hospital, Ankara Department of Psychiatry, Balıkesir Atatürk Research and Training Hospital, Balıkesir Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Aksaray University Research and Training Hospital, Aksaray Department of Child And Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Ankara Research and Training Hospital Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University of Health Sciences, Gulhane Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Abstract: Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a chronic neurodevelopmental disorder that occurs early in school-aged children, and it is highly comorbid with oppositional defiant disorder (ODD). Parents of children with ADHD frequently show mental problems related to impulsivity. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between impulsivity of the mothers and the symptom patterns and severity of children. Read More

J Pers 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Division of Prison Health, Geneva University Hospitals and University of Geneva, Geneva, Switzerland.

Aims: Negative and Positive urgency are emotion-related impulsivity traits that are thought to be transdiagnostic factors in psychopathology. However, it has recently been claimed that these two traits are closely related to each other and that considering them separately might have limited conceptual and methodological value. The present study aimed to examine whether positive and negative urgency constructs constitute separate impulsivity traits. Read More

Borderline Personal Disord Emot Dysregul 2021 Jun 10;8(1):19. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary.

Background: The current study's goal was to examine the multivariate patterns of associations between schema modes and emotion regulation mechanisms in personality disorders. Schema modes are either integrated or dissociative states of mind, including intense emotional states, efforts to regulate emotions, or self-reflective evaluative thought processes. Exploring the multivariate patterns of a shared relationship between schema modes and emotion regulation strategies may lead to a better understanding of their associations and a deeper understanding of the latent personality profiles that organize their associations in a mixed personality disorder sample. Read More

Clin Psychol Psychother 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Faculty of Psychology, Catholic University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

The efficacy of individual cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) for eating disorders can be assessed by investigating the potential predictors, mediators and moderators of treatment. The present review focused on personality since its crucial role has been emphasized both by research and practice. Sixteen studies were collected, and data were extracted through a highly operationalized coding system. Read More

Front Psychol 2021 24;12:583786. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Psychology, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.

Alexithymia is a dimensional trait characterized by difficulties identifying and describing feelings and an externally oriented thinking (EOT) style. Here, we explored interrelationships between alexithymia and measures assessing how individuals process and regulate their responses to environmental and body-based cues. Young adults ( = 201) completed self-report questionnaires assessing alexithymia, sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), interoceptive accuracy (IA), sensory processing styles, and current levels of depression, anxiety, and stress. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2021 Jun 10;27:e930151. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Internal Medicine, Nephrology and Dialysis, Military Institute of Medicine, Warsaw, Poland.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the influence of socio-demographic and clinical factors on personality trait expression and their relationship with more intense interdialytic disorders and changes in health behaviors of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 200 participants were recruited for the research (84 women and 116 men; aged 61±12 years): 160 patients had CKD stage G4-G5 and 40 healthy participants constituted a control group. A diagnostic poll method was used in the research employing the following questionnaires to collect socio-demographic and clinical data: Health Behavior Inventory (IZZ), Personality Inventory (NEO-FFI), Beck Depression Inventory (BDI), and Researcher's Questionnaire Test. Read More

Nervenarzt 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Institut für Psychiatrische und Psychosomatische Psychotherapie, Lehrstuhl für Psychosomatische Medizin und Psychotherapie, Medizinische Fakultät Mannheim, Universität Heidelberg, Zentralinstitut für Seelische Gesundheit Mannheim, J 5, 68159, Mannheim, Deutschland.

Background: Borderline personality disorder (BPS) is considered as a severe mental disorder with a high burden for patients, family members and the healthcare system. Recent years have brought significant advances in understanding and treating BP, leading to an earlier diagnosis and better treatment outcomes.

Objective: This article outlines the current state of knowledge on the epidemiology, diagnostics, psychopathology and treatment of BPD and identifies open questions. Read More

Psychiatr Psychol Law 2020 May 20;27(6):963-972. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Psychiatry, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa.

The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of mental disorders among offenders admitted at the health establishments in Bizzah Makhathe Correctional Centre, South Africa. Structured psychiatric interviews were conducted to elicit the information. The majority of the participants were young male Africans with low educational levels and poor socio-economic status. Read More

Hosp Pediatr 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

School of Medicine, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina.

Objectives: Patients with autoimmune encephalitis (AE) often present with symptoms that are broadly characterized as psychiatric or behavioral, yet little attention is given to the precise symptomatology observed. We sought to more fully define the psychiatric symptoms observed in patients with anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR), anti-glutamic-acid-decarboxylase 65 (GAD65), and anti-voltage-gated-potassium-channel complex (VGKC) antibody-mediated AE using the nomenclature.

Methods: We present a case series ( = 25) using a retrospective chart review of 225 patients evaluated for AE in a tertiary care academic medical center between 2014 and 2018. Read More

Health Qual Life Outcomes 2021 Jun 8;19(1):160. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics Department, Children's Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, National Clinical Research Center for Child Health and Disorders, Key Laboratory of Pediatrics in Chongqing, China International Science and Technology Cooperation Center of Child Development and Critical Disorders, 136 2nd Street, Yuzhong District, Chongqing, 400016, China.

Background: An increased prevalence of adolescent metabolic syndrome (MS) is associated with adulthood cardiovascular diseases. This study aimed to explore the potential relationship of quality of life (QoL) and personality traits with adolescent MS.

Methods: A total of 1961 participants from Chongqing with an average age of 11. Read More

J Clin Psychopharmacol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

From the Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA Department of Psychiatry, The Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY Adjunct Clinical Faculty, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University School of Medicine Law Office of Michael Laurence, San Francisco, CA.

Background: Given the relative lack of psychiatric information and data on the perpetrators of US mass shootings, the aim of our study was to understand who these "mass shooters" were and whether they had a psychiatric illness. If so, were they competently diagnosed, and if so, were they treated with appropriate medication for their diagnoses before the violence?

Methods: Because a prospective study of diagnosis and treatment could not, for obvious reasons, be carried out, we designed a retrospective, observational study of mass shooters, defined as those who killed 4 or more people with firearms between 1982 and 2012 or who killed 3 or more people with firearms between 2013 and 2019 in the United States. We used the Mother Jones database-a database of 115 persons identified as committing a mass shooting in the United States between January 1982 and September 2019. Read More

Lakartidningen 2021 06 4;118. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

professor, överläkare; registerhållare, nationella kvalitetsregistret Bipolär, sektionen för psykiatri och neurokemi, institutionen för neurovetenskap och fysiologi, Sahlgrenska akademin, Göteborgs universitet; institutionen för medi-cinsk epidemiologi och biostatistik, Karolinska institutet.

DSM-IV subcategorises bipolar disorders into type 1, type 2, and a third not otherwise specified (NOS) category. Although previous works suggest that these subtypes remain reasonably stable over time, it is unclear if subdiagnoses endure over time or if patients are commonly recategorized within the spectrum in a real-world clinical setting. We assessed subdiagnostic stability in 6,374 individuals with bipolar disorder using data from the Swedish national quality assurance register for bipolar disorders (BipoläR). Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Jun 7;11(1):11997. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

MOE Key Laboratory of Model Animal for Disease Study, Department of Neurology, Drum Tower Hospital, Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210032, China.

In the brain, AMPA receptors mediate fast excitatory neurotransmission, the dysfunction of which leads to neuropsychiatric disorders. Synaptic function of AMPA receptors is tightly controlled by a protein group called transmembrane AMPAR regulatory proteins (TARPs). TARP γ-8 (also known as CACNG8) preferentially expresses in the hippocampus, cortex and subcortical regions that are critical for emotion generation indicating its association with psychiatric disorders. Read More

Psychol Res 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

The Organizational Neuroscience Laboratory, 27 Old Gloucester Street, London, WC1N 3AX, UK.

In recent years, research on interoceptive abilities (i.e., sensibility, accuracy, and awareness) and their associations with emotional experience has flourished. Read More

Nervenarzt 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Klinik für Allgemeine Psychiatrie, Universitätsklinikum Heidelberg, Zentrum für Psychosoziale Medizin, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Background: Severe mental illnesses (SMI) are characterized by high psychosocial impairment as well as by increased somatic morbidity and mortality. The term SMI commonly includes psychotic, bipolar and severe unipolar depressive disorders but borderline personality disorder (BPD) also shows severe sequelae of the disease.

Material And Methods: Published reviews and studies since 2010 examining disease burden of BPD, in terms of direct and indirect costs of illness, somatic comorbidity, and mortality were included. Read More

JMIR Ment Health 2021 Jun 7;8(6):e23986. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Centre for Brain and Mental Health Research, School of Medicine and Public Health, The University of Newcastle, Callaghan, Australia.

Background: Mental health and alcohol use problems are among the most common causes of disease burden in young Australians, frequently co-occur (comorbidity), and lead to significant lifetime burden. However, comorbidities remain significantly underdetected and undertreated in health settings. Digital mental health tools designed to identify at-risk individuals, encourage help-seeking, or deliver treatment for comorbidity have the potential to address this service gap. Read More

Am Psychol 2021 Apr;76(3):565

American Enterprise Institute.

Memorializes Scott O. Lilienfeld (1960-2020), one of the most influential figures in contemporary clinical psychology. His contributions were prodigious and spanned psychopathy and personality disorders, psychiatric classification and di agnosis, dissociation, memory and trauma, neuroscience, and cultural sensitivity. Read More

Int J Soc Psychiatry 2021 Jun 6:207640211023083. Epub 2021 Jun 6.

Mental Health Service, University Hospital Virgen del Rocío, Seville, Spain.

Background: In recent years, several variables in the course of schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders have been studied. However, an instrumental analysis of the evolution of social functioning and behaviour problems has scarcely been explored.

Aim: To analyse the evolution of social functioning and behaviour problems and find any diagnosis or gender differences. Read More

Assessment 2021 Jun 6:10731911211006186. Epub 2021 Jun 6.

Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA.

Structural models of personality traits, particularly the five-factor model (FFM), continue to inform ongoing debates regarding what personality attributes and trait domains are central to psychopathy. A growing body of literature has linked the constructs of the triarchic model of psychopathy (boldness, meanness, disinhibition) to the FFM. Recently, researchers developed both item and regression-based measures of the triarchic model of psychopathy using the NEO Personality Inventory-Revised-a popular measure of the FFM. Read More