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J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Radiology, The Royal Melbourne Hospital, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Introduction: Common peroneal nerve (CPN) injury occurs in 10-40% of patients following knee dislocation. Is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using routine knee protocols able to adequately evaluate CPN injury and predict long-term outcome?

Methods: Trauma patients presenting for knee MRI at a single public hospital, between July 2007 and May 2017, were retrospectively identified using radiology and orthopaedic databases. Medical records were retrieved for clinical scores. Read More

Maxillofac Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Dec 15;40(1):32. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

1Division of Reconstructive Surgery for Oral and Maxillofacial Region, Department of Tissue Regeneration and Reconstruction, Course for Oral Life Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 2-5274, Gakkocho-Dori, Chuo-Ku, Niigata, 951-8514 Japan.

Background: The free vascularized fibula flap presents many advantages such as sufficient length of the bony segment, good vascularization, better quality of the bone, and a long vascular pedicle, but it is also associated with some disadvantages with regard to prosthetic rehabilitation because of its limited height. Improvement in bone height is necessary for ideal dental implant treatment of reconstructed mandibles.

Case Presentation: For two squamous cell carcinoma patients, mandibular bone reconstruction was performed secondarily with the peroneal flap after tumor resection. Read More

Indian J Plast Surg 2018 May-Aug;51(2):216-221

Department of Burns, Plastic and Maxillofacial Surgery, Safdarjung Hospital and VMMC, New Delhi, India.

Background: Despite advances in surgical skills, adipofascial flaps are still less preferred option for coverage of leg defect. We evaluate the use of perforator-based adipofascial flap in small-to-medium-sized soft-tissue defects in the lower limb.

Patients And Methods: After localisation of perforators along the major axial vessels in the lower limb using handheld Doppler, adipofascial flap based on the nearest best perforator of anterior tibial artery, posterior tibial artery and peroneal artery was raised to cover soft-tissue defect in 21 patients. Read More

Eur J Med Genet 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Division of Genomics, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.

Distal hereditary motor neuropathies (dHMNs) comprise a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous inherited lower motor neuron syndromes mainly characterized by a distal-predominant pattern of progressive muscle atrophy, weakness and hyporeflexia, without sensory dysfunction. Although at least 21 causative genes for dHMN have been reported, mutational scanning of these genes often fails to identify the causative variants in dHMN cohorts, suggesting that additional causative genes remain to be identified. We studied a four-generation pedigree of a Japanese family with autosomal dominant dHMN to provide insight into the pathogenetic basis of the disease. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Inje University Seoul Paik Hospital, Seoul, Korea. Electronic address:

Introduction: Although clinical results of anatomic reconstruction using allograft are reportedly good, studies on how accurately the tunnel has been made after surgery are very rare. The purpose of this study was to analyze the postoperative locations of the tunnels through 3-dimensional computed tomography (3D-CT) after anatomic ligament reconstruction and to evaluate its clinical results.

Hypothesis: We hypothesized that anatomic lateral ligament reconstruction could lead to excellent results in clinical outcomes by repositioning anterior talofibular ligament (ATFL) and calcaneofibular ligament (CFL) accurately. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Orthopedic Surgery Department, Sacré-Coeur Hospital, P.O. Box 116, Hazmieh, Lebanon.

Diagnosing piriformis syndrome (PS) throughout the past decades was not that easy, however peroneal H-reflex was proved as reliable test for PS with the change in wave amplitude and delay in conduction as parameters for diagnosis. We interpreted these parameters according to treatment's results carried out for patients presenting clinical PS, aiming to define a threshold value for peroneal H-reflex delay to accurately diagnose. A retrospective mono-centric review of 27 patients, 9 females and 18 males, aged 22-65 years, benefited from peroneal H-reflex test and treated for clinical PS. Read More

Cureus 2018 Sep 24;10(9):e3350. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Neurology, University of Missouri, Columbia, USA.

Peroneal neuropathy is the most common mononeuropathy encountered in the lower extremities. Isolated injuries to the dorsal cutaneous peroneal nerve (DCPN) are uncommon, and most of the reported cases are due to trauma or iatrogenic causes. We report a case of a middle-aged woman who presented with a nine-month history of tingling sensation over the dorsum of her left foot with normal electromyography (EMG) findings and was subsequently diagnosed with entrapment of the DCPN at the ankle by ultrasonographic examination. Read More

J Belg Soc Radiol 2017 Dec 16;101(Suppl 2). Epub 2017 Dec 16.

AZ Sint-Maarten and University (Hospital) Antwerp/Ghent, BE.

Objective: The aim of this article is to review the clinical and imaging features of symptomatic hypertrophic (TP) in a cohort of symptomatic patients.

Materials And Methods: Twenty-three patients with chronic lateral ankle pain were retrospectively included in our study group. Patients underwent ultrasound (US), (cone beam) computed tomography (CB)CT or magnetic resonance (MR) examination or a combination of these examinations with a standardized protocol. Read More

Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

The aims of this study are to investigate the inferior peroneal retinaculum (IPR) regarding morphometric parameters, and contents in the inferior peroneal tunnel (IP tunnel). One hundred and nine embalmed cadaveric legs were dissected in prone position. The extension band of the IPR was found in 31. Read More

Acta Neurochir (Wien) 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, People's Republic of China.

Background: Sciatic nerve injuries cause significant disability. We propose here a novel reconstructive procedure of transferring the motor branches of the femoral nerve as donor nerves to reconstruct both the peroneal and tibial nerve function as a novel approach to treat high sciatic nerve injury.

Methods: The autopsies of donor nerves (vastus lateralis nerve branch (VLN), vastus medialis nerve branch (VMN), saphenous nerve (SAN)) and respective recipient nerves (deep peroneal nerve branch (DPN), medial gastrocnemius nerve branch (MGN), sural nerve (SN)) were conducted in six fresh-frozen lower limbs. Read More

Cureus 2018 Sep 22;10(9):e3346. Epub 2018 Sep 22.

Neurophysiology, Axis Neuromonitoring, Richardson, USA.

Arthroscopic hip surgery is performed routinely for the treatment of various hip disorders. Leg traction during labral tear repair, femoroplasty, and acetabuloplasty for hip stabilization can stretch the peripheral nerves. This may cause temporary or permanent nerve injury. Read More

Clin Neurophysiol 2018 Nov 12;130(1):1-11. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8510, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: To establish a method to measure cauda equina action fields (CEAFs) and visualize the electrical activities of the cauda equina in a broadly aged group of healthy adults.

Methods: Using a 124-channel magnetospinography (MSG) system with superconducting interference devices, the CEAFs of 43 healthy volunteers (22-64 years of age) were measured after stimulation of the peroneal nerve at the knee. Reconstructed currents were obtained from the CEAFs and superimposed on the X-ray image. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2018 Nov 22:1071100718809350. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

6 School of Medicine, Department of Hand Surgery, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey.

Background:: The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of tendoscopy in the diagnosis and treatment of peroneal tendon (PT) pathologies, and to evaluate the results of our technical modification.

Methods:: Twenty ankles of 18 patients with retrofibular pain, operated on between 2006 and 2012, were included in this study. Peroneal tendoscopy was performed diagnostically for the patients who were diagnosed as having "peroneal tendinopathy" with physical examination, x-ray, or magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2018 Nov 22:1071100718811632. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

1 Department of Surgery, Máxima Medical Center, Veldhoven, the Netherlands.

Background:: Up to 8% of patients who underwent a fasciotomy for leg anterior chronic exertional compartment syndrome (ant-CECS) report sensory deficits suggestive of iatrogenic superficial peroneal nerve (SPN) injury. In the current study we aimed to thoroughly assess the risk of SPN injury during a semiblind fasciotomy of the anterior compartment using 2 separate approaches.

Methods:: A modified semiblind fasciotomy of the anterior compartment was performed via a longitudinal 2-cm skin incision 2 cm lateral of the anterior tibial crest halfway along the line fibular head-lateral malleolus both in cadaver legs and in patients with ant-CECS. Read More

Int Heart J 2018 Nov 20. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo Hospital.

A high percentage of patients with critical limb ischemia have concurrent chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, endovascular therapy (EVT) can be problematic in CKD patients. Thus, we developed a method of EVT using digital subtraction angiography (DSA) with diluted contrast medium (low-concentration DSA), wherein DSA parameters were adjusted for diluted contrast angiography (1:10 dilution). Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):1225-1228

Department of Neurosurgery, College of Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Intraneural ganglion cysts are rare mucinous cysts originating within the epineurium of peripheral nerves. Although ganglion cysts are the most frequent tumors of the upper and lower extremities, ganglion cysts rarely result in peripheral nerve compression. We report a case of a 30-year-old patient who presented with foot drop due to subparaneurial ganglion cyst, a variant of an intraneural ganglion cyst. Read More

Asian J Neurosurg 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):1078-1083

Department of Community Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.

Background: Low back pain (LBP) is one of the most common medical complaints and leading cause of workforce loss in many countries. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a highly sensitive method for the detection of lesions in the spine because of its excellent imaging of anatomical detail. However, MRI does not provide information about physiological nerve function and has relatively low specificity. Read More

J Neuroeng Rehabil 2018 Nov 20;15(1):108. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

University of Michigan Department of Surgery, Section of Plastic Surgery, 570 MSRB II Level A, 1150 W. Medical Center Drive, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109-5456, USA.

Introduction: Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces (RPNIs) are biological constructs which amplify neural signals and have shown long-term stability in rat models. Real-time control of a neuroprosthesis in rat models has not yet been demonstrated. The purpose of this study was to: a) design and validate a system for translating electromyography (EMG) signals from an RPNI in a rat model into real-time control of a neuroprosthetic hand, and; b) use the system to demonstrate RPNI proportional neuroprosthesis control. Read More

Am Surg 2018 Feb;84(2):e59-e60

Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi, USA.

Am J Sports Med 2018 Nov 19:363546518808060. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Washington University in Saint Louis/Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, Missouri, USA.

Background:: Ankle sprains are the most common musculoskeletal injury in the United States. Chronic lateral ankle instability can ultimately require operative intervention to decrease pain and restore stability to the ankle joint. There are no anatomic studies investigating the vascular supply to the lateral ankle ligamentous complex. Read More

J Foot Ankle Surg 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Fellowship-Trained Foot and Ankle Surgeon, Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Center, Westerville, OH; Fellowship Director, Orthopedic Foot and Ankle Center, Westerville, OH. Electronic address:

The Lapidus bunionectomy is performed to treat hallux valgus. Recurrence of the deformity remains a concern. A transverse intermetatarsal screw spanning the base of the first metatarsal to the base of the second can increase stability. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2018 Nov 13. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, SMG-SNU Boramae Medical Center, Seoul, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Objective: To quantify the cross-sectional area (CSA) of lumbar dorsal root ganglion (DRG) by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and investigate the relationship between the cross-sectional area (CSA) of DRGs and sensory nerve action potentials (SNAP) amplitude in the lower extremities.

Methods: Thirty-eight DRGs (20 L5 roots and 18 S1 roots) in 10 adult subjects were reviewed retrospectively. The CSA of the DRG was calculated from MR images of the coronal plane. Read More

Open Med (Wars) 2018 22;13:503-508. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Neurology, Brain Research Center, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, Hangzhou China.

Purpose: To describe the clinical, electrophysiological, and lumbar magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of two cases of atypical Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS). Methods We reported two GBS variant cases with initial and prominent symptoms of low back pain. We analysed their clinical, electrophysiological, and lumbar MRI features. Read More

Zhonghua Lao Dong Wei Sheng Zhi Ye Bing Za Zhi 2018 Sep;36(9):685-687

Nerve electrophysiology lab, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou 341000, China.

To investigate the electromyography (EMG) characteristics and clinical significance in patients with acute trimethyltin chloride (TMT) poisoning. Retrospectively analyze the EMG results of major limb nerves and muscles of 13 patients with acute TMT poisoning. Among the 13 patients, 10 cases had abnormal and the abnormal rate was 76. Read More

J Physiol 2018 Nov 12. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

CAPS, U1093 INSERM, Université de Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Facultés des Sciences du Sport, F-21078, Dijon, France.

Key Points: While a consensus has now been reached on the effect of motor imagery (MI) - the mental simulation of an action - on motor cortical areas, less is known about its impact on spinal structures. The current study, using H-reflex conditioning paradigms, examined the effect of a 20 min MI practice on several spinal mechanisms of the plantar flexor muscles. We observed modulations of spinal presynaptic circuitry while imagining, which was even more pronounced following an acute session of MI practice. Read More

Muscle Nerve 2018 Nov 10. Epub 2018 Nov 10.

Neuromuscular Center, Neurological Institute, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue Desk S90, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.

Introduction: We sought to characterize etiologies and features of sciatic neuropathy unrelated to penetrating nerve trauma.

Methods: A retrospective review of 109 patients with electrodiagnostically confirmed sciatic neuropathies.

Results: Hip replacement surgery represented the most common (34. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2018 Nov 8. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

Purpose: Fibular (peroneal) groove morphology may influence fibularis tendon pathology, including tendinosis, tears, and luxation. The study goal was to evaluate the inter-reader agreement of morphologic characterization and measures of the fibular groove at two different levels on MRI and correlation with fibularis tendon pathology.

Materials And Methods: 47 ankle MRIs in patients without lateral ankle pain were reviewed by two musculoskeletal radiologists. Read More

Unfallchirurg 2018 Dec;121(12):1004-1010

Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.

Objective: The aim of the surgical treatment of intra-articular bicondylar tibial plateau fractures is the anatomical reconstruction and direct biomechanical optimal fixation of the fractured articular surface and the leg axis, taking the frequently associated soft tissue damage into account.

Indications: This article presents a cadaver model of a simulated complex bicondylar tibial plateau fracture 41C3 according to the AO classification with fracture involvement of all 10 segments and indications for surgery due to a posteromedial shearing fracture and lateral articular destruction with posterolaterocentral impaction.

Contraindications: Pronounced soft tissue damage with acute or incompletely healed infections in the area of the surgical approach. Read More

Evid Based Complement Alternat Med 2018 8;2018:4730896. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin 300193, China.

Context: The role of traditional Chinese medicine injections (TCMIs) in diabetic foot (DF) has not been well estimated.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical effective rate, safety, and the financial cost of TCMIs in treating DF and ulcer wound healing.

Methods: We searched PubMed, Embase, CENTRAL, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), VIP database, and Wanfang database from inception to May 2018 to find all randomized control trials (RCTs) related to TCMIs in DF treatment. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2018 Nov 3;18(11). Epub 2018 Nov 3.

SMI, Department of Health Science and Technology, Aalborg University, Aalborg 9220, Denmark.

Brain-computer interfaces (BCIs) can be used to induce neural plasticity in the human nervous system by pairing motor cortical activity with relevant afferent feedback, which can be used in neurorehabilitation. The aim of this study was to identify the optimal type or combination of afferent feedback modalities to increase cortical excitability in a BCI training intervention. In three experimental sessions, 12 healthy participants imagined a dorsiflexion that was decoded by a BCI which activated relevant afferent feedback: (1) electrical nerve stimulation (ES) (peroneal nerve-innervating tibialis anterior), (2) passive movement (PM) of the ankle joint, or (3) combined electrical stimulation and passive movement (Comb). Read More

Phys Sportsmed 2018 Nov 5:1-7. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

f Department of Neurological Surgery , Stanford University , Stanford , CA , USA.

Introduction: Sports surveillance databases provide valuable information regarding common ailments, yet fewer studies have focused on more rare peripheral nerve injuries. Our objective was to characterize peripheral nerve injuries in high school athletics with respect to incidence, time loss, mechanism, and diagnoses.

Methods: Sport-related nerve injury data on high school athletes were collected during the 2005/2006 through 2015/2016 academic years via the High School Reporting Information Online (RIO) database. Read More

Head Neck 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Anesthesiology, School and Hospital of Stomatology, China Medical University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China.

Background: We evaluated the utility of combined femoral and common peroneal nerve blocks in patients undergoing free fibular flap-based oromandibular reconstruction.

Methods: Forty patients undergoing reconstructive surgeries with free fibular flaps were randomly divided into nerve block and control groups (NB and C). In group NB, both femoral and common peroneal nerve blocks with 0. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(44):e13020

Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Province Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, Foshan, China.

Background: Prostaglandin E1 (P) or methylcobalamin (M) treatment has been suggested as a therapeutic approach for diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) in many clinical trial reports. However, the combined effects of 2 drugs still remain dubious.

Objective: The aim of this report was to evaluate the efficacy of M plus P (M + P) for the treatment of DPN compared with that of P monotherapy, in order to provide a reference resource for rational drug use. Read More

Neurol Sci 2018 Oct 31. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Neuromuscular Unit, Hospital Universitario del Sureste, Ronda del Sur 10, E28500, Arganda del Rey (Madrid), Spain.

Background: Sensory or motor syndromes, especially mononeuropathies, are infrequent complications of herpes zoster.

Case Report: We describe a 77-year-old woman who developed a severe right common peroneal nerve mononeuropathy with clinical onset 10 days after a vesicular rash consistent with herpes zoster in the territory of distribution of this nerve.

Conclusion: To our knowledge, peroneal nerve mononeuropathy associated with herpes zoster has not been reported previously. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Sep-Oct;29(5):1139-1149

Department of Neurology, Sri Venkateswara Institute of Medical Sciences, Tirupati, Andhra Pradesh, India.

The objective was to study the prevalence, clinical features, electrophysiological features, and severity of peripheral neuropathy in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients on peritoneal dialysis (PD) and effect of the presence of diabetes mellitus (DM). Between May 2015 and December 2016, 100 CKD patients on PD were assessed. The prevalence of peripheral neuropathy was 65% based on clinical symptoms and 92% based on electrophysiological parameters. Read More

Foot Ankle Int 2018 Oct 31:1071100718809077. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

3 Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Foot and Ankle, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY, USA.

Background:: Stenosing peroneal tenosynovitis (SPT) is an uncommon entity that is equally difficult to diagnose. We evaluated our outcomes with a local anesthetic diagnostic injection followed by surgical release of the sheath and calcaneal exostectomy.

Methods:: Eleven patients diagnosed with SPT underwent surgery between 2006 and 2014. Read More

Cardiovasc Intervent Radiol 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Regensburg, Franz Josef Strauss Allee 11, 93053, Regensburg, Germany.

Purpose: To evaluate radiofrequency ablation (RFA) for closure of marginal veins in pediatric and adult patients with venous malformations.

Materials And Methods: Medical records, imaging and procedure details were retrospectively reviewed in patients who underwent RFA of the marginal vein in a 17-month period. Additional sclerotherapy (n = 19) and coil embolization of the marginal vein were performed (n = 2). Read More

Int J MS Care 2018 Sep-Oct;20(5):224-230

Background: Few studies have examined the long-term consequences of using peroneal nerve functional electrical stimulation (FES) for people with multiple sclerosis (MS). This study examines orthotic effects on a longitudinal cohort and explores additional benefits of FES on self-reported measures such as joint pain.

Methods: One hundred forty-five people with foot drop and MS were included (mean age, 52 [range, 28-74] years). Read More

Eur J Sport Sci 2018 Oct 26:1-9. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

a Faculty of Sport and Health Science , Ritsumeikan University , Kusatsu , Japan.

The present study aimed to determine the differences in thicknesses of the lower leg and foot muscles between sprinters and non-sprinters and to examine the relationship between these muscle thicknesses and sprint performance in sprinters. Twenty-six well-trained sprinters and 26 body size-matched non-sprinters participated in this study. Total 9 muscle thicknesses of bilateral lower leg and foot muscles in participants were measured using ultrasonography. Read More

Hypertension 2018 Nov;72(5):1236-1242

From the Department of Anesthesiology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Autonomic support of blood pressure increases with age in humans. Large differences exist in the dose of trimethaphan (TMP) required for ganglionic blockade in young and older women. We asked whether differences in the dose of TMP required to achieve ganglionic blockade are because of differences in the relative contributions of the sympathetic and parasympathetic nervous system in control of blood pressure with age. Read More

Handchir Mikrochir Plast Chir 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Martin-Luther-Krankenhaus Berlin, Klinik für Plastische, Rekonstruktive und Ästhetische Chirurgie.

This article presents the case of a 47-year-old patient with diabetes-related palsy of the peroneal nerve, illustrating the susceptibility of nerves to compression in patients with diabetes. Diagnostic evaluation, treatment and clinical course are presented and discussed in the context of the literature. Read More

Vet Med (Auckl) 2018 10;9:69-72. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Veterinary Biomedicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, Saint-Hyacinthe, QC J2S 2M2, Canada,

Background: In mice, chronic pain can be alleviated with enriched environments (EEs). The purpose of this preliminary study is to investigate whether pain behaviors in rats with peripheral neuropathy would be altered when keeping these animals in either 1) standard laboratory cages or in 2) a significantly EE.

Methods: Two groups of rats (n=8/group) underwent a spare nerve injury surgery of the right hind leg; one group (n=8) was returned to standard ventilated cages (2 rats/cage), the other (n=8) placed in an EE (8 rats/ferret cage with toys). Read More

Eur Neurol 2018 22;80(1-2):100-105. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an,

Purpose: The diagnosis of Guillain-Barre syndrome (GBS) in the very early stage may be challenging. Our aim was to report the neurophysiological abnormalities in GBS within 4 days of clinical onset. We expected that GBS will be diagnosed by the assistance of neurophysiological study in the very early stage. Read More

Eplasty 2018 20;18:e24. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Division of Plastic & Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus; Aurora.

The present report describes an alternative technique of using a flow- through, double-paddle, fibular, osteocutaneous free flap based on one perforator from the peroneal system and one perforator from the anterior tibial system for a through-and-through mandibular defect. The patient was a 65-year-old man who underwent a composite resection of the floor of the mouth, mandible, and chin pad due to recurrent oral cavity squamous cell carcinoma. The fibula was harvested with one posterior-lateral septal perforator from the peroneal system and with a second skin perforator from the anterior tibial system to perfuse a 15 × 14 cm skin island. Read More

Foot Ankle Surg 2018 Jul 18. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Wirral Hospital NHS Trust, Arrowe Park Hospital, Arrowe Park Rd., Birkenhead, Wirral CH49 5PE, United Kingdom. Electronic address:

Introduction: There is a wealth of studies reporting the complications of anterior and posterior ankle arthroscopy. The aim of this study is to summarise and review the complication rate(s) associated with both anterior and posterior ankle arthroscopy, as described in the literature.

Material And Methods: The authors carried out a comprehensive review of the literature up until March 2018. Read More