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Eur J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Hepatology and Liver Transplant Unit, Department of Medical Area (DAME).

Objectives: Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is adopted to treat refractory complications of portal hypertension, such as variceal bleeding and ascites. This study aimed to assess predictors of hepatic encephalopathy (HE) development and cumulative transplant-free survival after TIPS placement in patients with cirrhosis complicated by refractory ascites and major gastroesophageal bleeding.

Materials And Methods: Sixty-three cirrhotic patients who underwent TIPS positioning as a secondary prophylaxis of major upper gastroesophageal bleeding (N=30) or to control refractory ascites (N=33) were enrolled. Read More

J West Afr Coll Surg 2017 Jul-Sep;7(3):94-115

Department of Surgery, National Hospital, Garki, Abuja, Nigeria.

Background: The known complications of appendicitis include perforated appendicitis with generalised peritonitis, appendiceal mass, appendiceal abscess, sepsis, adhesion formation and in a few occasions, small bowel intestinal obstruction.

Aim: To review published cases of intestinal obstruction due to appendicitis with a view to better understand the pathophysiology of this complication.

Methodology: A search of the literature in the MEDLINE database, using PubMed and OvidSP, Scopus, Google Scholar and Cochrane Databases with the following MeSH terms: was done. Read More

Cureus 2018 Oct 9;10(10):e3432. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Otolaryngology, Jawaharlal Institute of Postgraduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, IND.

Cecal leiomyomas are rare benign tumors of smooth muscle arising from the colonic muscularis mucosa or muscularis propria. They are usually asymptomatic in nature and, if symptomatic, may present as pain in the abdomen, intestinal obstruction, or bleeding. In some cases, leiomyoma can cause free perforation leading to peritonitis. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Dec 14;19:1488-1494. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Digestive Surgery, Tenri Hospital, Tenri, Nara, Japan.

BACKGROUND Colostomy creation via intraperitoneal route is often performed during laparoscopic Hartmann's operation or abdominoperineal resection (APR). Herein, we report 3 rare cases of internal hernia associated with colostomy (IHAC). CASE REPORT The first case involved a 70-year-old man with IHAC after laparoscopic APR. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(49):e13567

Emergency Department, Chi Mei Medical Center.

The standard treatment of peritoneal dialysis peritonitis (PD peritonitis) is intraperitoneal antibiotic therapy. In patients with PD peritonitis complicated by bacteremia, intraperitoneal antibiotics combined with elective removal of the infected intraperitoneal catheter may be inadequate.We collected data of all patients with PD peritonitis admitted to Chi-Mei Medical Center during a 4-year period. Read More

Tech Coloproctol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Surgery, Ålborg University Hospital, Ålborg, Denmark.

Background: The aim of the present multicenter study was to analyze the incidence and risk factors associated with postoperative morbidity in patients who had colorectal resection for colonic Crohn's disease.

Methods: Consecutive patients undergoing colorectal resection for colonic Crohn's disease at seven surgical units in 1992-2017 were included. Exclusion criteria were: proctectomy for perianal disease, surgery for cancer, previous colectomies, surgery before 1998. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 12;16(6):5265-5271. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Gastroenterology, Shenzhen People's Hospital, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinan University, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518020, P.R. China.

Laparoscopy with peritoneal biopsy is a tool for rapid and accurate diagnosis of tuberculous peritonitis (TBP). However, laparoscopic procedures are not risk-free; complications include injuries to the gastrointestinal tract and major blood vessels. The purpose of the present study was to introduce a novel method for safe and straightforward laparoscopic diagnosis of TBP. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 13;9:2586. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

INSERM, EFS Bourgogne Franche-Comté, UMR1098, Interactions Hôte-Greffon-Tumeur, LabEX LipSTIC, FHU INCREASE, Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté, Besançon, France.

Unresolved inflammation is a common feature in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammatory/autoimmune diseases. The factors produced by macrophages eliminating apoptotic cells during resolution are crucial to terminate inflammation, and for subsequent tissue healing. We demonstrated here that the factors produced by macrophages eliminating apoptotic cells were sufficient to reboot the resolution of inflammation , and thus definitively terminated ongoing chronic inflammation. Read More

Turk J Med Sci 2018 12 12;48(6):1141-1146. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Urology, Gaziosmanpaşa Taksim Education Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey

Background/aim: Intraperitoneal urinary system perforation is a rare but serious complication of endoscopic urologic surgery. Percutaneous placement of a peritoneal drainage catheter is already mainly used for diagnostic purposes. We present our experience with percutaneous drainage catheters for conservative management of intraperitoneal urinary system perforations occurring during endoscopic urologic surgery with close monitorization in selected cases. Read More

Clin Kidney J 2018 Dec 18;11(6):874-880. Epub 2018 Jul 18.

Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, Azienda Socio Sanitaria Territoriale di Monza, Desio, Italy.

Backgound: Fungal peritonitis (FP) is one of the most important causes of peritoneal dialysis (PD) failure, often burdened by increased morbility and mortality. This study evaluates the clinical course of FP cases that arose between 1983 and 2016 in a single PD unit.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective observational analysis of FP episodes recorded in the Baxter POET (Peritonitis Organism Exit sites Tunnel infections) registry and clinical records. Read More

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2018 Dec 30;13(4):542-545. Epub 2018 May 30.

Department of Digestive Surgery, Amiens University Hospital, Amiens, France.

Management of a perforated duodenal ulcer is most commonly performed by laparoscopy and consists of suture of the perforation after performing lavage of the peritoneal cavity. In most cases, a flap is created, and an omental flap is usually the preferred choice because of its simplicity and its proximity to the site of duodenal perforation. However, in some cases, the greater omentum cannot be used due to the severity of peritonitis or due to previous surgical removal. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2018 Jul-Sep;38(3):261-264

Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Pasto, Nariño, Colombia.

Peritonitis is one of the main complications of abdominal emergencies. Laparoscopy serves both for the diagnostic and therapeutic management of the acute abdomen; in expert hands the morbimortality of this method is minimal.

Objective: The objective is to verify the efficacy of laparoscopy in patients with secondary peritonitis performing a single surgery without the need for reinterventions, ensuring the least damage of the abdominal wall, avoiding laparotomy. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 13;2018:8250589. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Division of Nephrology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Keelung, Taiwan.

Background: Encapsulating peritoneal sclerosis (EPS) is a rare but serious clinical complication of long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) patients with high mortality. The purpose of this study was to assess the clinical characteristics of patients with EPS and to search for possible factors useful for EPS prevention and early diagnosis.

Method: This retrospective study was performed in a single dialysis center in Taiwan between August 1990 and April 2014. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 12;2018:2649585. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Department of Nephrology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, China.

Increased high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) in dialysis effluence is associated with the presence of peritoneal dialysis-related peritonitis in patients and peritoneal dysfunction in acute peritonitis mice model, but it remains unclear whether HMGB1 is involved in peritoneal mesothelial cell injury and functions via molecular posttranslational modifications by acetylation in this process. Here we first showed correlation between HMGB1 acetylation level in dialysis effluence of patients and occurrence of Gram-negative peritonitis. The increased level of acetylated HMGB1 was similarly observed under the lipopolysaccharides (LPS) treatment in both human peritoneal mesothelial cell line (HMrSV5) and mice visceral peritoneum tissue. Read More

Ann Intensive Care 2018 Dec 7;8(1):121. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Critical Care Center, Parc Tauli Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Sabadell, Spain.

Background: Septic shock is a leading cause of death in critical patients. In patients with gram-negative septic shock, hemoperfusion with polymyxin B aims to remove endotoxins from plasma. We analyzed the clinical and biological response to hemoperfusion in patients with septic shock and acute kidney injury. Read More

Rev Chilena Infectol 2018 ;35(3):225-232

Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, México, D.F, México.

Background: Peritonitis is the most important and frequent complication of peritoneal dialysis (PD). Bacterial infections are responsible in most cases, with characteristic symptoms.

Aim: To determine the most frequent pathogens in peritonitis associated with PD in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF). Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018 ;59(3):971-976

Department of Human Anatomy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;

Benign multicystic peritoneal mesothelioma (BMPM) is a rare disease that primarily affects fertile women with previous abdominal surgery. BMPM associated with adenomatous tumor is a single case report, according to our opinion. The patient had a history of abdominal surgery nine years ago for ovarian cysts. Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018 ;59(3):939-943

Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania; Department of General Surgery, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania;

The acute abdomen with its many clinical aspects is not a condition that eludes pregnancy; acute appendicitis being the most frequently incriminated, but when it comes to its complication - peritonitis and the pregnant is a teenager, the cases cited in the literature are quite rare. We present the case of a 15-year-old teenager pregnant within 24 weeks admitted from the emergency department with the diagnosis of acute abdomen and operated for generalized peritonitis due to a perforated appendicitis. The microscopic analysis of the specimen indicated the presence of ulceration and extensive and deep and necrosis of the appendicle wall, the residual structures being dissected by a predominantly polymorphonuclear leukocytes inflammatory infiltrate associated with eosinophilic fibrinous deposits. Read More

Front Physiol 2018 26;9:1694. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Medicine I, Nephrology, Transplantation, Medical Intensive Care, University of Witten/Herdecke, Cologne-Merheim Medical Center, Cologne, Germany.

Long-term peritoneal dialysis (PD) is associated with peritoneal membrane remodeling. This includes changes in peritoneal vasculature, which may ultimately lead to inadequate solute and water removal and treatment failure. The potential cause of such alterations is chronic inflammation induced by repeated episodes of infectious peritonitis and/or exposure to bioincompatible PD fluids. Read More

Vet World 2018 Nov 5;11(10):1380-1384. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Department of Veterinary Medicine, Central Agricultural University-Imphal, Selesih, Aizawl - 796 014, Mizoram, India.

Background And Aim: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) are considered to be one of the emerging pathogens in human and animals in recent times. , a novel pathogen under CoNS, is discovered in 2002 in humans with multiple clinical manifestations in various patients. To date, the pathogens have not yet been reported from any animals. Read More

Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2018 (11):31-34

Pirogov Samara City Clinical Hospital #1, Samara, Russia.

Peritonitis due to perforated duodenal ulcer was taken as a model. Patients were conditionally divided into three groups depending on the time after perforation: 6-12, 13-24 and over 24 hours. Analysis of microflora and pH of abdominal exudate was performed immediately after laparotomy. Read More

Surg Laparosc Endosc Percutan Tech 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Surgery, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: There have been reports of favorable results in patients with peritonitis who underwent laparoscopic surgery. The present study evaluated the outcomes of laparoscopic surgery in patients with pan-peritonitis.

Materials And Methods: We enrolled 148 patients who underwent open and laparoscopic surgery for pan-peritonitis between January 2015 and December 2017 at Hanyang University Guri Hospital. Read More

Endosc Ultrasound 2018 Nov-Dec;7(6):404-412

Third Department of Surgery, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Background And Objectives: Recently, a novel EUS-guided biliary drainage (EUS-BD) technique consisting of EUS-guided antegrade stenting and EUS-guided hepaticoenterostomy (EUS-AS+HES) using two conventional metal stents (MS) has been reported to decrease adverse events and maintain longer stent patency for malignant biliary obstruction (MBO). However, only a few limited reports have evaluated this technique. Finally, dedicated plastic stents (PSs) have been developed to perform EUS-HES safely. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples "Federico II", Naples, Italy. Electronic address:

J Infect Chemother 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Japan Development, MSD K.K., Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Tazobactam/ceftolozane, a novel antimicrobial therapy, is active against Pseudomonas aeruginosa and most extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Enterobacteriaceae. We report the results of the efficacy and safety of tazobactam/ceftolozane in Japanese patients with complicated intra-abdominal infections (cIAI). A multicenter, open-label, noncomparative study (MK-7625A Protocol 013, ClinicalTrials. Read More

Clin Res Hepatol Gastroenterol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, 36, Sanhao Street, Heping district, Shenyang 110004, PR China. Electronic address:

Background: Abdominal ascites is a common problem in general surgery. The causes include parasitic diseases, tuberculosis, malignancies, hypoalbuminemia, abdominal inflammatory diseases, and peritonitis. Eosinophilic gastroenteritis (EG) has also been reported to be an infrequent cause. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Emergency Medicine, The University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas.

Background: Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is a commonly diagnosed disease in the emergency department (ED). Recent literature has evaluated the ED investigation and management of SBO.

Objective: This review evaluates the ED investigation and management of adult SBO based on the current literature. Read More

J Surg Res 2019 Feb 2;234:311-316. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Surgery, The Jikei University Kashiwa Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

Background: Postoperative bowel adhesions may lead to various disorders, including abdominal pain, bowel obstruction, ischemia, and necrosis. In previous reports, a dose-dependent increase in bowel adhesions was observed in talc-treated animals in comparison with control animals. Although various methods have been devised to prevent peritoneal adhesions, each of these methods has advantages and disadvantages. Read More

Blood Purif 2018 Dec 6:1-5. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Weltenmacher GmbH, VR Training-Application, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Background/aim: Peritonitis rates in peritoneal dialysis (PD) vary considerably not only across countries but also between centers in the same country. Patient education has been shown to significantly reduce infection rates but up till now training lacks standardization with patients being trained using different methods and media (e.g. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 12 5;9(1):5182. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Synthetic Biology and Immunology, National Institute of Chemistry, Hajdrihova 19, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

NLRP3 is a cytosolic sensor triggered by different pathogen- and self-derived signals that plays a central role in a variety of pathological conditions, including sterile inflammation. The leucine-rich repeat domain is present in several innate immune receptors, where it is frequently responsible for sensing danger signals and regulation of activation. Here we show by reconstitution of truncated and chimeric variants into Nlrp3 macrophages that the leucine-rich repeat domain is dispensable for activation and self-regulation of NLRP3 by several different triggers. Read More

Avian Pathol 2018 Dec 6:1-27. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

c 138 Hartford Road, Huntingdon, Cambridgeshire , PE29 1XQ , UK .

In an initial study in SPF chickens, a heterologous virus neutralising (VN) antibody response to IBV variants Q1, Variant 2 (Var 2), D388/QX (D388), D274 and Arkansas (DPI) was observed using a vaccination programme incorporating two different live-attenuated IBV vaccines, followed by boosting with an inactivated vaccine containing IBV Massachusetts (Mass) antigen. Therefore, a more detailed study was undertaken in SPF layer-type chickens previously primed with IBV Mass and 793B live-attenuated vaccines. The efficacy of single or repeated vaccination with a multivalent inactivated vaccine containing IBV antigen was determined against challenge with 5 virulent IBVs: Mass (M41), 793B (4/91), D388, Q1 and Var 2. Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;21(11):1233-1239

Department of General Surgery, The Fourth Hospital, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050011, China.

Objective: To evaluate the safety and feasibility of neoadjuvant chemotherapy prior elective surgery following self-expanding metallic stents (SEMS) for complete obstructive left hemicolon cancer.

Methods: This prospective, multicenter, open-labelled trial was approved by the Ethics Committee of Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University(2016-ke-161-1) and registered in Clinicaltrials.gov (NCT02972541). Read More

Zhonghua Wei Chang Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Nov;21(11):1201-1205

Department of Gastrointestinal Oncology, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Translational Research(Ministry of Education), Peking University Cancer Hospital and Institute, Beijing 100142, China.Email: zhangxiaotianmed@ 163.com.

Acute abdomen in patients with malignant tumors is called malignant acute abdomen, often seen in the digestive system tumor or abdominal pelvic metastasis of the other primary tumors. Bleeding, perforation, gastrointestinal obstruction, biliary obstruction with infection, acute peritonitis are acute and severe, however, prevention is more important than treatment. For high-risk patients, even if acute abdomen does not occur when the disease is diagnosed, we should make precautions, including actively local treatment of local lymph nodes or primary lesions and careful choice of drugs. Read More

Kidney Blood Press Res 2018 Nov 30;43(6):1813-1821. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Kidney Disease Center, the First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.

Background/aims: Hemodialysis (HD) or peritoneal dialysis (PD) is an important renal replacement method in patients with delayed graft function (DGF) after kidney transplantation; however, it is not clear which dialysis modality is superior. This study determined the impact of different dialysis modalities on patients with DGF.

Methods: It was a single-center, retrospective and descriptive study. Read More

Intern Med J 2018 Dec;48(12):1524-1528

Palliative Care Services, Counties Manukau District Health Board, Middlemore Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.

Large volume paracentesis is effective in relieving the symptoms of malignant ascites, but frequent procedures are often required. Permanent peritoneal ports are an alternative to repeated procedures. We describe our experience with the use of peritoneal ports in patients at Middlemore Hospital (Auckland, New Zealand) who had a port inserted for the drainage of malignant ascites. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2018 Nov;24(6):501-506

Department of General Surgery, Ankara Training and Research Hospital, Ankara-Turkey.

Background: There are varying opinions on the feasibility of the placement of synthetic materials in contaminated surgical fields. The aim of this study was to investigate the outcomes of the use of a commercially available composite mesh in the presence of abdominal infection.

Methods: Twenty-four hours after the induction of experimental peritonitis, 20 rats were randomized into 2 groups of 10 subjects. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2018 Nov;24(6):557-562

Department of General Surgery, Okmeydanı Training and Research Hospital, İstanbul-Turkey.

Background: The Alvarado score (AS) and the Appendicitis Inflammatory Response score (AIRS) were developed to diagnose acute appendicitis (AA). The aim of this study was to evaluate the severity of AA using the AS and the AIRS tools.

Methods: Patients who presented between January 2016 and December 2017 and underwent surgery for AA and who had a preoperative AS and AIRS value were evaluated retrospectively. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 20;9:2675. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Infectious Diseases Service, Department of Medicine, Lausanne University Hospital, Epalinges, Switzerland.

Sirtuin 5 (SIRT5) is a member of the family of NAD-dependent lysine/histone deacetylases. SIRT5 resides mainly in the mitochondria where it catalyzes deacetylation, demalonylation, desuccinylation, and deglutarylation of lysine to regulate metabolic and oxidative stress response pathways. Pharmacologic inhibitors of SIRT5 are under development for oncologic conditions, but nothing is known about the impact of SIRT5 on antimicrobial innate immune defenses. Read More

Rev Recent Clin Trials 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, Section of Infectious Diseases, University of Naples Federico II, 80131, Naples. Italy.

Introduction: Historically, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis (SBP) has represented one of the most frequent and relevant infectious complications of advanced liver disease, and this is still valid today. Nevertheless, in recent years the role of fungi as causative pathogens of primary peritonitis in patients with cirrhosis has become not negligible. Another issue is linked with the traditional distinction, instrumental in therapeutic choice, between community-acquired and nosocomial forms, according to the onset. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2018 Dec;131(23):2785-2791

Department of Nephrology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Chinese People's Liberation Army Institute of Nephrology, State Key Laboratory of Kidney Diseases (2011DAV00088), National Clinical Research Center for Kidney Diseases, Beijing 100853, China.

Background: Automated peritoneal dialysis (APD) can cater to individual needs, provide treatment while asleep, take into account the adequacy of dialysis, and improve the quality of life. Currently, independent research and development of APD machines made in China are more conducive to patients. A randomized, multicenter, crossover study was conducted by comparing an APD machine made in China with an imported machine. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2018 ;60(3):326-330

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.

Gökçe İ, Altuntaş Ü, Filinte D, Alpay H. Polyarteritis nodosa in case of familial Mediterranean fever. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 326-330. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2019 Jan 22;22:31-33. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Urology, Faculty of Life Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, 860-8556, Kumamoto, Japan.

Cureus 2018 Jul 5;10(7):e2926. Epub 2018 Jul 5.

Gastroenterology, Mercy St. Vincent Medical Center, Toledo, USA.

A 33-year-old man was admitted to the hospital with upper abdominal pain and melena. Laboratory tests were suggestive of pancreatitis. Computed tomography (CT) of the abdomen showed peripancreatic fat stranding but showed no free air in the peritoneal cavity. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2018 28;2018:8260968. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Department of Surgery, Kensei Hospital, Hirosaki-shi, Aomori, Japan.

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a life-threatening disease caused by infection of . Here, we report an uncommon case of STSS with both diffuse peritonitis and necrotizing fasciitis and summarize previous cases. The patient was diagnosed with STSS due to an infection of the soft tissue of the lower extremity after surgery for diffuse peritonitis. Read More

Antimicrob Agents Chemother 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Clinical Microbiology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark

Commonly used antibiotics exert their effect predominantly on rapidly growing bacterial cells, yet growth dynamics taking place during infection in a complex host environment remain largely unknown. Hence, means to measure bacterial growth rate is essential to predict the outcome of antibacterial treatment. We have recently validated chromosome replication as readout for bacterial growth rate during infection in the mouse peritonitis model. Read More

World J Emerg Surg 2018 27;13:55. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Division of Vascular and Endovascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Ottawa, The Ottawa Hospital, Civic Campus, Room A280, 1053 Carling Avenue, Ottawa, Ontario K1Y 4E9 Canada.

Background: Although mandatory laparotomy has been standard of care for patients with abdominal gunshot wounds (GSWs) for decades, this approach is associated with non-therapeutic operations, morbidity, and long hospital stays. This systematic review and meta-analysis sought to summarize outcomes of selective nonoperative management (SNOM) of civilian abdominal GSWs.

Methods: We searched electronic databases (March 1966-April 1, 2017) and reference lists of articles included in the systematic review for studies reporting outcomes of SNOM of civilian abdominal GSWs. Read More

Mol Immunol 2018 Nov 27;105:86-95. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Immunology, College of Basic Medical Sciences, Norman Bethune Health Science Center, Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China. Electronic address:

Neutrophils, classified as professional phagocytes, are crucial in killing bacteria and preventing inflammation. When studying the roles of neutrophils in the development of the septic peritonitis induced by E. coli, we noticed some of the larger cells existed among peritoneal lavage fluid cells (PLCs). Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Dec;142(12):1459-1484

From the James Homer Wright Pathology Laboratories, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts.

Context.—: This year being the 60th anniversary of the publication of the excellent book Endocrine Pathology of the Ovary by John McLean Morris, MD, and Robert E. Scully, MD, the writer reflects on that work and in particular the remarkable contributions of its second author to our knowledge in this area. Read More

Transfusion 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Department of Blood Transfusion, Research Institute of Surgery, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: The pathomechanisms of complications due to blood transfusion are not fully understood. Elevated levels of heme derived from stored RBCs are thought to be associated with transfusion reactions, especially inflammatory responses. Recently, the proinflammatory effect of heme has been widely studied. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 Nov 29;19(1):341. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Division of Nephrology, Shimane University Hospital, 89-1, Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan.

Background: Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-associated infection caused by Mycobacterium spp. is rare. Mycobacterium abscessus is one of the most resistant acid-fast bacteria, and treatment is also the most difficult and refractory. Read More