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J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Institute of Dermatology, Catholic University - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Rome, Italy.

A 66-year-old psoriatic patient was examined for the occurrence of annular lesions with a dermatomeric distribution on the trunk since four weeks. The patient claimed that the lesions appeared at the site of a previous Herpes Zoster virus (HZV) infection, which had been treated with intravenous acyclovir three months earlier. At the time of the annular eruption, the patient was under treatment with apremilast (30 mg twice daily) for moderate-to-severe psoriasis, and systemic mycophenolate mofetil (1,250 gr daily), methylprednisolone (4 mg daily) and tacrolimus (1 mg daily) due to liver transplantation four years earlier for a cryptogenic liver cirrhosis. Read More

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2019 May-Aug;27(2):2309499019840736

2 Hand Microsurgery Orthopaedics and Traumatology (EMOT) Hospital, Izmir, Turkey.

Purpose:: Deep palmar tumors of the hand are very rare, and reported cases are usually benign. The most important issue is frequent anatomical variations with challenging surgical exposure and excision of these lesions. Some case reports or a small series of patients have been reported in the literature. Read More

J Dent (Shiraz) 2019 Mar;20(1):10-15

Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Dental Branch of Tehran, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Statement Of The Problem: There are some differences between clinical features of central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) and peripheral giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) despite their same microscopic features. The possible role of angiogenesis in this issue is still a matter of debate.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to compare microvessel density (MVD) between CGCGs and PGCGs of the oral cavity using CD31 and CD34. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2019 Jan-Feb;30(1):130-132

Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Balaji Dental and Craniofacial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) of the jaws is a benign, intraosseous, osteolytic lesion of debatable etiology. CGCG lacks in clinical and radiographical pathognomonic features to distinguish from common lesions occurring in this region. Histopathology still remains the predominant diagnostic modality to identify the disorder. Read More

Vet Pathol 2019 Mar 21:300985819833454. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

3 National Veterinary Services Laboratories, Ames, IA, USA.

Mycobacterium bovis is a serious zoonotic pathogen and the cause of tuberculosis in many mammalian species, most notably, cattle. The hallmark lesion of tuberculosis is the granuloma. It is within the developing granuloma where host and pathogen interact; therefore, it is critical to understand host-pathogen interactions at the granuloma level. Read More

Arch Argent Pediatr 2019 Apr;117(2):e173-e177

División de Otorrinolaringología. Hospital General de Niños Pedro de Elizalde, Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires.

Giant cell granuloma represents a non-odontogenic tumor. It is located inside the endosteum of the jaws (central) or in the periosteum (peripheral). Although it is a benign disease process, it can also be locally destructive. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Mar 5;42(3):303-321. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of ophthalmology, université Paris Descartes, hôpital Cochin, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatosis characterized by the formation of epithelioid and giant cell granulomas without caseous necrosis. To make the diagnosis, it is necessary to prove systemic granulomatosis involving at least two organs; but in practice, a combination of clinical, paraclinical and histologic findings is used. It affects predominantly women with a bimodal age distribution: 25-29years and 65-69years. Read More

Curr Opin Oncol 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Medical Oncology.

Purpose Of Review: Giant cell tumor of bone (GCTB) is an uncommon benign primary bone tumor, consisting of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B (RANK) expressing reactive osteoclast-like giant cells and neoplastic spindle-shaped cells. Denosumab was approved by FDA in 2013 and by EMA in 2014 to treat adults and skeletally mature adolescents with unresectable GCTB or when resection is likely to result in severe morbidity. However, there is much discussion regarding the optimal applied treatment strategy. Read More

Autoimmun Rev 2019 May 4;18(5):476-483. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of internal medicine, Hôtel-Dieu, CHU Nantes, Nantes, France. Electronic address:

Introduction: Juvenile temporal arteritis (JTA) is a recently-described and little-known inflammatory disease and its etiology is undetermined. Less than forty cases have been published. This paper is aimed at reporting the largest JTA series and to compare it to literature data to better evaluate its characteristics at diagnosis, its evolution and treatment options. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Professor, Department of Radiology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: Diffuse tenosynovial giant cell tumor (TGCT) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) is rare. The aim of the present study was to summarize the clinical, radiologic, and pathologic features of this tumor.

Materials And Methods: Nine cases of TGCT in the TMJ region were examined. Read More

Cutis 2019 Jan;103(1):E5-E7

Department of Dermatology, Tripler Army Medical Center, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA.

Head Neck Pathol 2019 Mar 29;13(1):103-113. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Academic Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Medicine and Pathology, School of Clinical Dentistry, University of Sheffield, Claremont Crescent, Sheffield, S10 2TA, UK.

Lesions of the gingivae are amongst the commonest lesions seen in patients and the vast majority are reactive hyperplasias, related to a number of chronic irritant stimuli. However, there are a number of entities that have a predilection for the gingivae, which are much less common in other parts of the oral cavity. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the clinical and histological differential diagnoses when presented with a lump on the gingivae, including the approach to diagnosis and diagnostic pitfalls. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2018 Jul-Dec;8(2):265-269

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Oulu and Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.

Background: Aggressive familial giant-cell granulomas of the jaws can be severely deforming. Surgical and nonsurgical treatments may be associated with multiple recurrences. Denosumab, a new generation antiresorptive drug, is an osteoclast inhibitor, which may be particularly useful to manage such potentially disfiguring lesions. Read More

J Dent (Shiraz) 2018 Dec;19(4):253-258

Dept. of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.

Statement Of The Problem: Central giant cell granuloma of the jaws is comprised of two types namely aggressive and nonaggressive. Controversy exists regarding the histogenesis of this lesion. Up to now, there are no reliable histologic or molecular methods to differentiate aggressive from nonaggressive central giant cell granuloma of the jaw. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2019 Jan 21. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Oral Surgery and Pathology, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Minas-Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Brazil. Electronic address:

The purpose of the present review was to integrate the available published data on peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) associated with dental implants into a comprehensive analysis of its clinical/radiologic features. An electronic search was undertaken in February/2018 in three databases, looking for publications reporting cases of PGCGs associated with dental implants. Nineteen publications were included, reporting 37 implant-associated PGCG. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2018 Sep-Dec;22(3):449

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Maulana Azad Institute of Dental Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Background: Cellular cannibalism is defined as a large cell engulfing a smaller one within its cytoplasm. It is predominantly a feature of aggressive malignancies but has recently been demonstrated in giant cell (GC) lesions such as GC tumor of tendon sheath, central GC granuloma (CGCG) and peripheral GC granuloma (PGCG).

Aim: The aim of the study is to assess the cannibalistic GCs in CGCG and PGCG and correlate with aggressiveness of the lesion. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2019 Jan 4. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Orthopedics and Orthopedic Oncology, University of Padova, Via Giustiniani 3, Padova, Italy.

Giant cell reparative granulomas (GCRGs) are non-neoplastic inflammatory lesions, usually observed in the maxilla, mandible or small bones of the hands and feet. These lesions present a wide range of morphology and the misinterpretation with other giant cell lesions can often occur. We report the case of a 47-year-old woman with GCRG in the left scapula, presenting some uncommon features: the location (scapula) and age at presentation, the lack of underlying bone disease such as Paget's disease or fibrous dysplasia, the large aggressive expansile aspect of the lesion. Read More

Intern Med 2019 Apr 18;58(8):1173-1177. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Department of Immunology and Rheumatology, Division of Advanced Preventive Medical Sciences, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Japan.

We report the case of an 80-year-old man with generalized granuloma annulare (GGA) who subsequently developed giant cell arteritis (GCA). Steroid treatment was effective for both diseases in this case. Although cases of concomitant GGA and GCA have rarely been reported, previous studies suggest that common histological characteristics underlie the two diseases. Read More

Oral Dis 2019 Apr 6;25(3):796-802. Epub 2019 Jan 6.

Section of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Division of Diagnostic and Surgical Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California.

Objective: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between active osteoclasts, as defined by positive nuclear NFATc1 signals, and the clinical behaviors of oral giant cell granulomas.

Materials And Methods: NFATc1 immunohistochemical and TRAP-Cbfa1 double immunofluorescence stainings were performed on 9 cases of peripheral giant cell granulomas (PGCGs), 9 cases of central giant cell granulomas (CGCGs) with a recurrent history, and 10 cases of CGCGs without a recurrent history. The results were photographed and quantified by ImageJ. Read More

Swiss Dent J 2018 Dec;128(12):980-981

Kempf und Pfaltz, Histologische Diagnostik, Zürich

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2018 ;59(3):679-690

Discipline of Histology, Department of Morphological Sciences, "Iuliu Haţieganu" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania;

Giant cell granulomas in the oral cavity are reactive hyperplastic lesions that arise either peripherally in the mucoperiosteum or centrally in the bone. The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a benign lesion induced by local chronic irritation. It may develop at any age, and tends to be more frequent in females. Read More

Respirol Case Rep 2019 Feb 28;7(2):e00390. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Respiratory Department Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia Medical Centre Kuala Lumpur Malaysia.

Pleural anthracosis is rare and, in most cases, is diagnosed incidentally or at autopsy. We report a 67-year-old man with pleural anthracosis. He was initially referred for possible tuberculous pleural effusion and had recurrent admissions for symptomatic pleural effusion, which increased with each subsequent episode. Read More

J Neurosurg 2018 Oct 1:1-11. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

1Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing; and.

OBJECTIVEIntracranial giant cell tumors (GCTs) are extremely rare neoplasms with dismal survival and recurrence rates. The authors aimed to confirm independent adverse factors for progression-free survival (PFS) and to propose an optimal treatment algorithm.METHODSThe authors reviewed the clinical data of 43 cases of intracranial GCTs in their series. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Feb 17;122:360-363. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Neurosurgery, Saint-Luc Hospital, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background: Cervical total disc arthroplasty (TDA), or cervical artificial disc replacement, is an alternative technique to anterior cervical discectomy and fusion for treatment of symptomatic degenerative cervical spine disease. The main goal of TDA is to maintain cervical motion and lower the risk of deterioration of adjacent levels. Granuloma formation on a cervical TDA is exceptional. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2018 Dec 16;41(10):e451-e467. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Ophthalmology, hôpital Cochin, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, université Paris Descartes, 27, rue du Faubourg-Saint-Jacques, 75014 Paris, France.

Sarcoidosis is a systemic granulomatosis characterized by the formation of epithelioid and giant cell granulomas without caseous necrosis. To make the diagnosis, it is necessary to prove systemic granulomatosis involving at least two organs; but in practice, a combination of clinical, paraclinical and histologic findings is used. It affects predominantly women with a bimodal age distribution: 25-29 years and 65-69 years. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Dermatology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

A diverse spectrum of benign oral mucosal lesions exists, presenting as either isolated oral findings or in association with dermatological conditions. Oral lesions can closely resemble one another; therefore, it is important for clinicians to be able to recognize their distinctive features and recognize benign versus malignant disease and when a biopsy is warranted. In this continuing medical education series, we review oral anatomy and the clinical attributes of several benign lesions of the oral cavity along with the appropriate management and therapeutic modalities. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2018 Sep-Oct;29(5):678-682

Department of Periodontology, Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

The peripheral giant cell granuloma (PGCG) is a benign oral lesion occurring on the gingiva and alveolar ridge. It is the most common oral lesion and occurs at an average age of 30 years. The upsurge in the levels of estrogen and progesterone in pregnancy leads to a plethora of changes in various parts of human body, including the oral cavity. Read More

Braz Oral Res 2018 Oct 29;32:e115. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Universidade Federal de Santa Catarina - UFSC, Department of Pathology, Florianópolis, Santa Catarina, Brazil.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the immunohistochemical expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-B ligand (RANKL) and of osteoprotegerin (OPG), important proteins correlated with osteoclastogenesis, in central giant cell lesions (CGCL) and peripheral giant cell lesions (PGCL) and to compare their expression with the histological and clinical parameters for quantification of multinucleated giant cells (MGC) and their nuclei, lesion size, and recurrences. Twenty cases of each lesion type were selected to quantify the number of MGCs and nuclei/mm2 of connective tissue. The immunoreactivity of RANKL and OPG was expressed as a percentage of the marked area in the stroma. Read More

J Orthop Surg Res 2018 Oct 29;13(1):270. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa, Japan.

Background: Benign bone tumors and tumor-like conditions are commonly located in the proximal femur. The main indications for surgical treatment are lesions with impending or actual pathological fractures, or with aggressive or recurrent lesions. However, patients complaining of persistent pain, limping, or abnormal gait patterns are also considered for surgical treatment. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 29;30:71. Epub 2018 May 29.

Service des Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital la Rabta, Tunis, Tunisie.

This study aimed to identify the epidemio-clinic, diagnostic, therapeutic and evolutionary features of genital tuberculosis (GT) among Tunisian women. We conducted a retrospective, descriptive study in the Department of Infectious Diseases at the La Rabta Hospital, Tunisia, over a period of 15 and a half years (January 2000 - June 2014). All patients hospitalized for genital TB were included in the study. Read More

Acta Chir Belg 2018 Oct 1:1-2. Epub 2018 Oct 1.

a AZ Sint-Jan Brugge-Oostende AV , Brugge , Belgium.

Cholesterol granuloma is a foreign-body giant cell reaction that can occur in response to the presence of cholesterol crystals. They are usually found in the middle ear, paranasal sinuses or mastoid process due to chronic inflammation. Presentation in the prevascular mediastinum is a rare finding. Read More

J Am Dent Assoc 2018 Dec 20;149(12):1065-1072. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Background And Overview: A 9-year-old girl underwent comprehensive resection and rehabilitation of a central giant cell granuloma that required phased interprofessional collaborative care to optimize treatment decisions and outcome.

Case Description: The interprofessional treatment team included an oral and maxillofacial surgeon, maxillofacial prosthodontist, dentist, orthodontist, and speech-language pathologist, and treatment spanned 9 years. Treatment included surgical resection of a central giant cell granuloma and obturation with a removable interim prosthesis. Read More

Orphanet J Rare Dis 2018 09 20;13(1):166. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

INSERM, UMRS 1138 Equipe 5, Laboratoire de Physiopathologie Orale Moléculaire, Centre de Recherche de Cordeliers, 75006, Paris, France.

Background: Cherubism is a rare autosomal dominant disorder of the jaws caused by mutation of the SH3BP2 gene. The bone is replaced by a fibrous granuloma containing multinucleated giant cells. Cells of the cherubism granuloma have never been systematically analyzed. Read More

Surg Case Rep 2018 Sep 19;4(1):120. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Chuo-ku, Kumamoto City, Kumamoto, 860-8556, Japan.

Background: Phosphoglyceride crystal deposition disease (PGDD) is characterized by phosphoglyceride crystal deposition that simulates neoplasia in soft tissue scars or bone. Reports of PGDDs are rare. Here, we present the case of a patient with PGDD in the abdominal wall. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2018 Sep;47(9):710-713

Department of Pathology, the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China.

To investigate the clinical, radiological and pathological features of visceral parasitic migration of the liver. Seven cases of visceral parasitic migration of liver were identified at the Affiliated Drum Tower Hospital of Medical School of Nanjing University from January 2008 to July 2017. Clinical data, enhanced CT image and pathological features were analyzed, combining with literature review. Read More

Chin Med J (Engl) 2018 09;131(18):2254-2256

Department of Radiology, Tianjin Huanhu Hospital, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Cerebral Vascular and Neurodegenerative Diseases, Tianjin 300350, China.

Int J Mycobacteriol 2018 Jul-Sep;7(3):203-211

Department of Dermatology, Mohammed V Military Hospital, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Rabat, Morocco.

Tuberculous gummas are an unusual form of tuberculosis (TB) accounting for 1%-2% of all cutaneous TB cases. The aim of this article was to describe the epidemiological, clinical, bacteriological, immunological, and therapeutic features of this form upon a case report and a literature review. Forty-eight case reports were identified through a PubMed and Google Scholar search using the following keywords: "tuberculous gumma" and "metastatic tuberculous abscesse. Read More

J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2018 Sep-Dec;8(3):203-205. Epub 2017 Jul 1.

Department of Oral Pathology, Government Dental College and Hospital, St. George Hospital Campus, Near Chhatrapati Shivaji Terminus Area, Fort, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400001, India.

Radiolucent lesions of Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ) represent a diagnostic challenge and a treatment conundrum. Biopsy of the lesions is technically difficult owing to their complex anatomy. The Differential Diagnosis (DD) includes a wide array of lesions including Simple Bone Cyst, Ameloblastoma, Central Giant Cell Granuloma, Hemangioma, Osteoblastoma, Osteochondroma, Chondroblastoma, Chondrosarcoma, Neurofibroma and metastatic malignant lesions though none has a specific predilection for TMJ. Read More

Head Face Med 2018 Sep 4;14(1):14. Epub 2018 Sep 4.

Maxillo-Facial Surgery Unit, Department of Life, Health and Environmental Sciences, University of L'Aquila, Via Lorenzo Natali 1: Località Coppito, 67100, L'Aquila, AQ, Italy.

In literature there are few reports about multiple CGCG. But this is the first report of bilateral CGCG of the mandibular angles in three females from the same family.This report describes three cases of females from the same family - a mother and two young daughters - with bilateral CGCG in their jaw angles. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2018 May-Aug;22(2):173-179

Department of Oral Pathology, PMNM Dental College and Hospital, Bagalkot, Karnataka, India.

Background: The central giant cell granuloma(CGCG) of bone constitutes about 10% of benign jawbone lesions. It affects females more often than males, mandible than maxilla. Biological behavior of CGCG ranges from a slow growing asymptomatic swelling to an aggressive process. Read More

Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2018 Aug 24;19(8):2279-2283. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Dental Material Research Center. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial, Dental School, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Email:

Background: The central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is generally considered a non-neoplastic lesion. However, some cases show aggressive behavior like neoplasms. Based on clinical observations, a number of researchers have classified this lesion into aggressive and non- aggressive types. Read More

Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2019 Jan;60(1):84-95

6 Texas Biomedical Research Institute, San Antonio, Texas.

The mechanisms underlying abnormal granuloma formation in patients with sarcoidosis are complex and remain poorly understood. A novel in vitro human granuloma model was used to determine the molecular mechanisms of granuloma genesis in patients with sarcoidosis in response to putative disease-causing mycobacterial antigens. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients with active sarcoidosis and from normal, disease-free control subjects were incubated for 7 days with purified protein derivative-coated polystyrene beads. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jun 5;10(6):e2735. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Oral Medicine and Diagnostic Sciences, CWRU School of Dental Medicine, Cleveland, USA.

Central giant cell granuloma (CGCG) is a benign non-neoplastic, proliferative intraosseous lesion of the jaw with an unknown etiology often diagnosed during the first two decades of life. The true nature of this lesion is controversial and remains elusive. Here, we report a case of central giant cell granuloma, diagnosed using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Read More

J Dermatol 2019 Feb 3;46(2):e66-e67. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Department of Experimental and Clinical Medicine, Institute of Dermatology, University of Udine, Udine, Italy.

Head Neck Pathol 2018 Sep 1;12(3):367-377. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, 55902, USA.

Giant cell rich lesions of the temporal bone encompass a wide spectrum of disease that includes infectious, reactive, and neoplastic processes. When dealing with any lesion that can potentially involve bone, it is important to understand both the clinical presentation and to correlate the histologic findings with the radiologic imaging. This review discusses the clinical, the pathologic features including the differential diagnosis, and the treatment of some of the more commonly encountered giant cell rich entities in this region. Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Nov - Dec;52:117-122. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90033, United States of America.

Solid aneurysmal bone cyst (ABC) is a rare subtype of ABC that most commonly involves the small bones of the hands or feet. We present a case of a solid ABC of the distal humerus in a 52-year-old man with a history of chronic kidney disease and renal cell carcinoma. On imaging with plain radiographs, CT, and MRI, this expansile lucent lesion with solid internal enhancement had an appearance that overlapped with metastasis or brown tumor of hyperparathyroidism. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2018 Oct 12;47(9):907-913. Epub 2018 Aug 12.

Postgraduate Program in Oral Pathology, Dentistry Department, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, Natal, RN, Brazil.

Background: This study analyzed the immunoexpression of calcitonin receptor (CTR) and glucocorticoid receptor (GR) in central giant cell lesions (CGCLs) and verified potential associations with patient's response to clinical treatment with intralesional injection of triamcinolone.

Materials And Methods: Fifty-four cases of CGCLs, including 22 non-aggressive, and 32 aggressive, were investigated by immunohistochemistry.

Results: Surgery was the therapeutic choice for 53. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 5;9:1456. Epub 2018 Jul 5.

Center for Vaccine Research, Statens Serum Institut, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Introduction: is one of the world's most successful pathogens equipped to establish itself within the human host as a subclinical infection without overt disease. Unable to eradicate the bacteria, the immune system contains the infection in a granuloma structure. Th1 cells that are essential for infection control are recruited to the site of infection directed by chemokines, predominantly CXCL10. Read More

Case Rep Dermatol 2018 May-Aug;10(2):158-161. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Dermatopathology, Shanghai Skin Disease Hospital, Shanghai, China.

Annular elastolytic giant cell granuloma (AEGCG) is a rare granulomatous skin disease characterized by annular patches with slightly raised borders, hypopigmented and/or atrophic centers found mainly on sun-exposed skin. Histologically, it is characterized by phagocytosis of elastic fibers by multinucleated giant cells. The pathogenesis of the disease is unclear. Read More