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BMC Anesthesiol 2022 Jun 24;22(1):195. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Division of Anaesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Singapore General Hospital, Block 5 Level 2, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Singapore.

Background: Congenital diaphragmatic defects are rare, with most cases presenting in childhood. Diagnosis in adulthood is usually incidental or when symptoms develop. We present a case of a strangulated Bochdalek hernia complicated by possible tension pneumothorax and iatrogenic bowel injury in a healthy young male. Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 May 25;9(6). Epub 2022 May 25.

Pediatric Cardiology Unit, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, 00161 Rome, Italy.

Congenital heart diseases represent one of the hallmarks of 22q11.2 deletion syndrome. In particular, conotruncal heart defects are the most frequent cardiac malformations and are often associated with other specific additional cardiovascular anomalies. Read More

Methods Protoc 2022 Jun 5;5(3). Epub 2022 Jun 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY 10029, USA.

Spine surgery patients with a history of organ transplantation are a complex population due to their unique anesthetic considerations, immunologic profiles, drug interactions, and potential organ dysfunction. It is common for these patients to develop neck/back pain and pathology that warrants surgical intervention. However, there is a relative dearth of literature examining their outcomes and clinical considerations. Read More

Semin Pediatr Surg 2022 Jun 16;31(3):151179. Epub 2022 May 16.

Heart Institute; Division of Pulmonary Medicine Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH. Electronic address:

Pediatric lung transplantation is a highly specialized treatment option at a select few hospitals caring for children. Advancements in surgical and medical approaches in the care of these children have improved their care with only minimal improvement in outcomes which remain the lowest of all solid organ transplants. A crucial time period in the management of these children is in the perioperative period after performance of the lung transplant. Read More

Adv Ther 2022 Jun 20. Epub 2022 Jun 20.

Division of Trauma, Department of Emergency, Kaohsiung-Veterans General Hospital, 386, Da-Chung 1st Road, Kaohsiung, 813, Taiwan.

Introduction: Large-bore chest tubes are usually applied after thoracic surgery. Recently, small-bore tubes have been increasingly considered owing to the extensive use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS). This study assessed the differences in outcomes between large-bore and small-caliber drainage tubes in patients undergoing surgical stabilization of rib fractures (SSRF) with VATS. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2022 3;13:780872. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MI, United States.

Background: Obesity affects the course of critical illnesses. We aimed to estimate the association of obesity with the severity and mortality in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) patients.

Data Sources: A systematic search was conducted from the inception of the COVID-19 pandemic through to 13 October 2021, on databases including Medline (PubMed), Embase, Science Web, and Cochrane Central Controlled Trials Registry. Read More

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2022 31;12(1):28-31. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Medicine, MetroWest Medical Center, Framingham, MA, USA.

Background: ACGME requires all Internal Medicine training programs to structure the curriculum to optimize resident educational experiences, including perioperative medicine. Teaching residents about perioperative risk management is challenging in a community hospital with limited resources and low surgical volume.

Objective: Our goal was to introduce an interactive educational module on perioperative cardiac risk assessment and management in a community residency training program. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 27;9:890967. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Geriatric Cardiology, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a highly contagious disease. Most infected patients manifest mild flu-like symptoms, but in some cases, the patients rapidly develop severe lung infections and pneumonia. It is estimated that about 15-20% of patients with COVID-19 develop hypoxemia and require some form of oxygen therapy and ventilation support. Read More

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Cardiothoracic, Transplantation and Vascular Surgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.

Objectives: The management of severe coronary artery disease at the time of lung transplantation remains a challenge. We analyzed the short- and long-term-outcomes of lung transplant recipients with severe coronary artery disease.

Methods: Records of adult patients transplanted at our institution between April 2010 and February 2021 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jun 8;14(6):e25769. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of General Surgery, Bains Surgical & General Hospital, Nawanshahar, IND.

Introduction: Bullous lung disease is the most common cause of spontaneous pneumothorax. The management of the same is primarily surgical, aiming at the bullectomy, which was earlier performed by standard postero-lateral thoracotomy. The last two decades have seen more frequent use of video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery (VATS) for the same and has been shown to be a low morbidity, efficacious, and cost-effective method. Read More

J Clin Sleep Med 2022 Jun 15. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Anesthesia, Women's College Hospital, and Toronto Western Hospital, University Health Network; University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2022 Jun 14. Epub 2022 Jun 14.

Department of Anaesthesia & Perioperative Medicine, Westmead Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a high-risk condition during pregnancy, with recent literature describing mortality rates of up to 23%.

Aim: To describe the course and outcomes of pregnancy for women with PAH in a major Australian metropolitan referral centre over a 15-year period.

Methods: Retrospective review of medical records of all pregnant women with PAH over the period 2005-2020. Read More

Crit Care 2022 06 13;26(1):174. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Australian and New Zealand Intensive Care Research Centre, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, 553 St Kilda Rd, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.

Background: Data on long-term outcomes after sepsis-associated critical illness have mostly come from small cohort studies, with no information about the incidence of new disability. We investigated whether sepsis-associated critical illness was independently associated with new disability at 6 months after ICU admission compared with other types of critical illness.

Methods: We conducted a secondary analysis of a multicenter, prospective cohort study in six metropolitan intensive care units in Australia. Read More

Surg Today 2022 Jun 13. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Hospital Organization Nagasaki Medical Center, 2-1001-1 Kubaru, Ōmura, Nagasaki, 856-8562, Japan.

Purpose: We investigated the preoperative assessment of coronary artery calcification using computed tomography for appropriate intraoperative management to reduce the risk of perioperative cardiac complications during pulmonary resection.

Methods: Patients (n = 665) who underwent anatomical lung resection were examined. The extent of preoperative asymptomatic coronary artery stenosis or cardiac complications in patients with coronary artery calcification was assessed. Read More

Transl Lung Cancer Res 2022 May;11(5):744-756

Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Background: Bronchopleural fistula (BPF) is a rare but severe complication following bronchoplasty. Identification of the risk factors for the development of BPF after bronchoplasty may contribute to better perioperative management, thereby further improving the prognosis of these patients. However, few studies have focused on the risk factors for BPF after bronchoplasty. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022 Apr 7. Epub 2022 Apr 7.

Department of Anesthesiology, University of Florida College of Medicine, Gainesville, FL.

Eur J Cardiothorac Surg 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Department of Thoracic Surgery, Kyoto University Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.

Objective: Identifying the risks for chronic lung allograft dysfunction (CLAD) after lung transplantation (LTx) is beneficial to the patient. We hypothesized that diabetes mellitus (DM) is relevant to CLAD development. Our study aimed to clarify if DM is a risk for poor post-LTx outcomes. Read More

Surg Endosc 2022 Jun 8. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Department of Surgery, University of Florida, PO Box 100108, Gainesville, FL, 32610-0108, USA.

Introduction: There are a paucity of data regarding the safety of laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair in patients on antiplatelet and anticoagulant therapy (APT/ACT). We aim to compare the postoperative outcomes of laparoscopic (LIHR) vs. open repair of inguinal hernias (OIHR) in patients on APT/ACT. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2022 May;11(5):1605-1623

1Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Medical School of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Comorbidity of lung cancer and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is very common. Surgical operation is the initial treatment of lung cancer. But surgery operation will aggravate the symptoms of COPD, such as shortness of breath, chest tightness. Read More

Respir Care 2022 Jun 7. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Evans Center of Implementation and Improvement Sciences, Department of Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: The use of high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) and noninvasive ventilation (NIV) for hypoxemic respiratory failure secondary to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) are recommended by critical-care guidelines; however, apprehension about viral particle aerosolization and patient self-inflicted lung injury may have limited use. We aimed to describe hospital variation in the use and clinical outcomes of HFNC and NIV for the management of COVID-19.

Methods: This was a retrospective observational study of adults hospitalized with COVID-19 who received supplemental oxygen between February 15, 2020, and April 12, 2021, across 102 international and United States hospitals by using the COVID-19 Registry. Read More

Heart Lung Circ 2022 Jun 3. Epub 2022 Jun 3.

Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University/Yale New Haven Hospital, New Haven, CT, USA.

Portopulmonary hypertension is defined as the development of pulmonary arterial hypertension in the setting of portal hypertension with or without liver cirrhosis. Portal hypertension-associated haemodynamic changes, including hyperdynamic state, portosystemic shunts and splanchnic vasodilation, induce significant alterations in pulmonary vascular bed and play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of the disease. If left untreated, portopulmonary hypertension results in progressive right heart failure, with a poor prognosis. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2022 May 3;94:107153. Epub 2022 May 3.

Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu 215006, China. Electronic address:

Introduction And Importance: Surgical site infection (SSI) is one of the most intractable complications following spine surgery during the early postoperative stage. Elderly (age > 70 years), body mass index > 30, smoking, diabetes mellitus, coronary artery disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, anemia, low serum albumin, operation time > 3 h, and perioperative blood loss > 500 mL are the common risk factors of SSI after spine surgery. However, there are few published reports about sweat contamination induced surgical site infections with Staphylococcus epidermidis up to date. Read More

Khirurgiia (Mosk) 2022 (6):48-54

Tomsk Regional Clinical Hospital, Tomsk, Russia.

Objective: To study the immediate results of angio- and bronchoplastic lobectomies for non-small cell lung carcinoma (NSCLC) in patients over 70 years old.

Material And Methods: Thirty-one extended angio- and/or bronchoplastic lobectomies were performed in patients with NSCLC over 70 years old between January 2015 and December 2020. Mean age of patients was 74. Read More

Transplant Proc 2022 Apr 11. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Transplant Cardio-Thoracic Surgery, Krishna Institute of Medical Sciences, Secunderabad, India.

Background: Lung transplantation (LTx) has come as hope for select patients with post-COVID acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). It has a different phenotype with unique challenges. We aimed to bring out our experience with and outcomes of LTx for post-COVID ARDS. Read More

J Card Surg 2022 Jun 2. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing Children's Hospital, National Children's Medical Center, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Objective: This study was performed to analyze the surgical outcomes of our center biventricular correction with total anomalous pulmonary venous connection (TAPVC) and to explore the risk factors associated with postoperative mortality and postoperative pulmonary venous obstruction (PVO).

Methods: In total, 104 patients diagnosed with TAPVC and underwent biventricular correction from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2021, in Beijing Children's Hospital Affiliated with Capital Medical University were included. The primary endpoints were early and late postoperative mortality and postoperative pulmonary vein obstruction. Read More

Ann Intensive Care 2022 May 30;12(1):47. Epub 2022 May 30.

Department of Pharmacy, Cleveland Clinic, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Hb-105, Cleveland, OH, USA.

Septic shock remains a health care concern associated with significant morbidity and mortality. The Surviving Sepsis Campaign Guidelines for Management of Sepsis and Septic Shock recommend early fluid resuscitation and antimicrobials. Beyond initial management, the guidelines do not provide clear recommendations on appropriate time to initiate vasoactive therapies and corticosteroids in patients who develop shock. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2022 Aug 22;36(8 Pt A):2600-2605. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University, Stanford, CA. Electronic address:

Lung Cancer 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Guangdong Lung Cancer Institute, Guangdong Provincial People's Hospital, Guangdong Academy of Medical Sciences, Guangzhou 510080, China. Electronic address:

Targeted therapy has stepped into the perioperative treatment arena and launched a radical revolution in the treatment of early-stage oncogene-driven non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). A series of practice-changing clinical trials has enriched the therapeutic perspectives of potentially curable NSCLC. While the CTONG1104 trial took the first step in investigating the adjuvant gefitinib - a first-generation epidermal growth factor receptor-tyrosine kinase inhibitor (EGFR-TKI), for the treatment of resected EGFR-mutated NSCLC - the subsequent ADAURA study marked adjuvant osimertinib as the standard of care for resected EGFR-mutant NSCLC. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 May 28;77:103684. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Department of Anaesthesia, College of Medicine and Health Science, Debre Berhan University, Debre Berhan, Ethiopia.

Background: The diagnosis and treatment of pulmonary embolism have multi-modal approach based on specificity, sensitivity, availability of the machine, and associated risks of imaging modalities.

Aim: This review aimed to provide shreds of evidence that improve perioperative diagnosis and management of suspected pulmonary embolism.

Methods: The study was conducted in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guideline 2020. Read More

Aust J Gen Pract 2022 Jun;51(6):405-408

MBBS (Hons), MBA, FRACP, Adjunct Associated Professor, Monash University, Vic; Allergist/Immunologist, Monash Lung Sleep Allergy and Immunology, Monash Health, Vic.

Background: Anaphylaxis in pregnancy is rare but can potentially be associated with significant morbidity and mortality for the mother, fetus and neonate. With appropriate and timely management, even severe anaphylaxis can be managed with excellent maternal and fetal outcomes.

Objective: The aim of this article is to provide an illustrative case and highlight current recommendations for diagnosis and management of acute maternal anaphylaxis, which have recently been reviewed and developed into a guideline by the Australasian Society of Clinical Immunology and Allergy. Read More