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Sleep Med Rev 2021 Apr 5;58:101488. Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Sleep Medicine Center, Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Mental Health Center, Translational Neuroscience Center, and State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Polysomnographic studies have been conducted to explore nighttime sleep features in narcolepsy, but their relationship to narcolepsy is still imperfectly understood. We conducted a systematic review of the literature exploring polysomnographic differences between narcolepsy patients and healthy controls (HCs) in EMBASE, MEDLINE, All EBM databases, CINAHL, and PsycINFO. 108 studies were identified for this review, 105 of which were used for meta-analysis. Read More

Neurotherapeutics 2021 Apr 20. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Mayo Center for Sleep Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN, 55905, USA.

Restless legs syndrome (RLS) is characterized by an uncomfortable urge to move the legs while at rest, relief upon movement or getting up to walk, and worsened symptom severity at night. RLS may be primary (idiopathic) or secondary to pregnancy or a variety of systemic disorders, especially iron deficiency, and chronic renal insufficiency. Genetic predisposition with a family history is common. Read More

J Sleep Res 2021 Mar 6:e13320. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Department of Orofacial Pain and Dysfunction, Academic Centre for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), University of Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

A recent report from the European Sleep Research Society's task force "Beyond AHI" discussed an issue that has been a long-term subject of debate - what are the best metrics for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) diagnosis and treatment outcome assessments? In a similar way, sleep bruxism (SB) metrics have also been a recurrent issue for >30 years and there is still uncertainty in dentistry regarding their optimisation and clinical relevance. SB can occur alone or with comorbidities such as OSA, gastroesophageal reflux disorder, insomnia, headache, orofacial pain, periodic limb movement, rapid eye movement behaviour disorder, and sleep epilepsy. Classically, the diagnosis of SB is based on the patient's dental and medical history and clinical manifestations; electromyography is used in research and for complex cases. Read More

J Public Health Res 2020 Nov 25;9(Suppl 1):2020. Epub 2021 Jan 25.

Faculty of Medicine, Umm Al-Qura University, Makkah, Saudi Arabia.

Sleep disorders are a common medical problem and can affect health and quality of life. There are multiple types of sleep disorders such as obstructive sleep apnea, insomnia, narcolepsy, restless legs/periodic limb movement disorder, circadian rhythm disorders, sleepwalking and nightmares. Medical students appear to be more liable to develop sleep disorders due to their high academic load. Read More

Neurol Sci 2021 Feb 8. Epub 2021 Feb 8.

Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, 1 Xinming Street, Changchun, Jilin, China.

Purpose: To summarize the clinical characteristics of patients with sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD), analyze its sleep disorder characteristics using polysomnography (PSG), and compare sleep disturbances with those of fatal familial insomnia (FFI).

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the sleep disturbances; cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) protein 14-3-3 (CSF-14-3-3 protein); prion protein gene, PRNP; magnetic resonance imaging; and electroencephalogram (EEG) of nine sCJD patients RESULTS: Of the nine sCJD patients, six were positive for CSF-14-3-3 protein. In the eight patients who completed diffusion-weighted imaging, seven showed cortical "ribbons sign" and two showed high signal in the basal ganglia. Read More

Sci Data 2021 02 5;8(1):47. Epub 2021 Feb 5.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Spaulding Rehabilitation Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor and non-motor symptoms. Dyskinesia and motor fluctuations are complications of PD medications. An objective measure of on/off time with/without dyskinesia has been sought for some time because it would facilitate the titration of medications. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2021 Feb 2. Epub 2021 Feb 2.

Sleep Research Centre, Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy.

Sleep-related movement disorders (SRMDs) represent an important part of pediatric sleep disorders. The most common complaint in SRMD is restless sleep at night. Restless sleep is reported in up to 80% of children with restless legs syndrome (RLS) and children with periodic limb movements of sleep (PLMS) disorder (PLMD). Read More

Epilepsy Behav 2021 03 22;116:107721. Epub 2021 Jan 22.

Institute of Neurology, Federal University of Rio de Janeiro, Av. Venceslau Brás, 95 - Botafogo, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Electronic address:

Objectives: Epilepsy is a prevalent health problem worldwide in all ages, and it is essential to identify disease markers for diagnosis and treatment. Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) are a common finding in polysomnography (PSG). Still, its clinical relevance in people with epilepsy (PWE) is unknown. Read More

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2021 Jan;52(1):28-32

Sleep Medicine Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is characterized by intrusive emotional memory, alertness and avoidance after individuals suffer from one or more traumatic events. With the exception of manifestations, sleep disturbances are also considered to be the core symptoms of PTSD. This article mainly discussed insomnia, nightmares, obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), and periodic limb movement during sleep (PLMS) in patients with PTSD. Read More

Nat Sci Sleep 2021 6;13:1-9. Epub 2021 Jan 6.

Sleep and Brain Plasticity Centre, Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience (IoPPN), King's College London, London, UK.

Introduction: Idiopathic rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder (iRBD) is increasingly recognised as an important precursor disease state of alpha-synucleinopathies. This parasomnia is characterized by a history of recurrent nocturnal dream enactment behaviour, loss of skeletal muscle atonia, and increased phasic muscle activity during REM sleep. Neuroimaging studies of striatal dopamine transporter uptake tracer signaling suggest increasing dopaminergic deficit across the continuum of the alpha-synucleinopathies, with early sleep dysfunction suggestive of early caudate dysfunction. Read More

J Sleep Res 2021 Jan 7:e13275. Epub 2021 Jan 7.

Sleep and Health Promotion Laboratory, Mind, Brain, and Behavior Research Center (CIMCYC), University of Granada, Granada, Spain.

The objective of this study was to examine the influence of parent-reported and polysomnography (PSG)-measured sleep patterns on the academic and cognitive performance of children with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We assessed 91 children (18 girls) diagnosed with ADHD aged 7-11 years (29 ADHD-Inattentive, 32 ADHD-Hyperactive/Impulsive, and 31 ADHD-Combined). The Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) and Paediatric Daytime Sleepiness Scale (PDSS) were used to assess subjective sleep quality, as perceived by parents, and objective sleep variables were assessed by PSG. Read More

Sleep Med Rev 2021 Apr 1;56:101406. Epub 2020 Dec 1.

Oasi Research Institute - IRCCS, Troina, Italy. Electronic address:

This systematic review assessed the prevalence of restless sleep in children, documented the association of restless sleep with other conditions, and summarized the existing evidence regarding whether restless sleep should be considered a distinct sleep disorder. A comprehensive search of electronic databases was performed using the broad search term "restless sleep" in all fields. Of the 266 articles retrieved, 107 were retained for inclusion in this review. Read More

Sleep 2020 Nov 24. Epub 2020 Nov 24.

1st Department of Neurology, Eginition University Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Study Objectives: Τo assess whether REM Sleep Behavior Disorder (RBD) and other sleep abnormalities occur in carriers of the p.A53T alpha-synuclein gene (SNCA) mutation, using both subjective and objective measures.

Methods: We have assessed 15 p. Read More

Sleep Breath 2020 Nov 21. Epub 2020 Nov 21.

Department of Neurology with Institute of Translational Neurology, University Hospital Münster (UKM), Albert-Schweitzer-Campus 1, A1, 48149, Münster, Germany.

Introduction: Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is a progressive, X-linked lower motor neuron disorder exclusively affecting men. Since knowledge on sleep disorders in SBMA is scarce compared to other motoneuron diseases, this retrospective case-control study aimed to investigate sleep and sleep-related breathing in patients with SBMA.

Methods: In 23 non-ventilated patients with SBMA (median age 52 years), clinical disease characteristics, forced vital capacity and diagnostic polysomnographies were retrospectively evaluated. Read More

Indian J Psychiatry 2020 Jul-Aug;62(4):437-439. Epub 2020 Jul 27.

Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

Sleep disorders often disturb sleep. Daytime symptoms of disturb sleep mimic that of depression, somatoform disorder, fibromyalgia and chronic fatigue syndrome. We are presenting a case of depression who was not responding to antidepressant therapy. Read More

Tzu Chi Med J 2020 Oct-Dec;32(4):318-330. Epub 2020 Jul 13.

Department of Medicine, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.

Mirtazapine (MTZ) is an atypical antidepressant approved by the FDA, which mechanism of action involves the antagonism of alpha-2, H1, 5-HT2A, 5-HT2C, and 5-HT3 receptors. In this context, the aim of this literature review is to evaluate the clinical epidemiological profile, pathological mechanisms, and management of MTZ-associated movement disorders (MDs). Relevant reports of six databases were identified and assessed by two reviewers without language restriction. Read More

J Headache Pain 2020 Oct 27;21(1):126. Epub 2020 Oct 27.

Department of Applied Clinical Sciences and Biotechnology, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.

Migraine and sleep disorders are common and often burdensome chronic conditions with a high prevalence in the general population, and with considerable socio-economic impact and costs.The existence of a relationship between migraine and sleep disorders has been recognized from centuries by clinicians and epidemiological studies. Nevertheless, the exact nature of this association, the underlying mechanisms and interactions are complex and not completely understood. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2020 11 17;293:113454. Epub 2020 Sep 17.

Institute of Brain Science/Digital Medicine Center, National Yang-Ming University, No 155, Sec. 2, Li-Nung St. Beitou Dist., Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Restless legs syndrome (RLS) has been thought to increase the risk of hypertension, cardiovascular events, and all-cause mortality. Periodic limb movements in sleep (PLMS) can be observed in most patients with RLS. Using non-invasive physiologic measurement and analysis, including heart rate variability (HRV) analysis, we aimed to investigate sleep quality and sleep state stability. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2020 11 12;55(11):3162-3167. Epub 2020 Sep 12.

Division of Pulmonary and Sleep Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Seattle Children's Hospital, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Introduction: Schaaf-Yang syndrome (SYS) is a genetic disorder caused by truncating variants in the MAGEL2 gene located in the maternally imprinted Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS) region at 15q11-13. The SYS phenotype shares features with PWS, a syndrome with known high incidence of sleep disorders. However, the spectrum of sleep-disorders in SYS has not been described. Read More

J Sleep Res 2020 Aug 28:e13125. Epub 2020 Aug 28.

Danish Center for Sleep Medicine, Department of Clinical Neurophysiology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, Glostrup, Denmark.

Patients with idiopathic rapid-eye-movement (REM) sleep behaviour disorder (iRBD) have a high risk of converting into manifest α-synucleinopathies. Eye movements (EMs) are controlled by neurons in the lower brainstem, midbrain and frontal areas, and may be affected by the early neurodegenerative process seen in iRBD. Studies have reported impairment of the oculomotor function in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) during wakefulness, but no studies have investigated EMs during sleep. Read More

Front Neurol 2020 30;11:696. Epub 2020 Jul 30.

Department of Neurology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Beijing, China.

Sleep disorders are common in voltage-gated potassium channel complex antibody (VGKC-Ab) diseases. The aim was to investigate the sleep disturbances and polysomnography (PSG) characteristics in patients with VGKC-Ab-associated diseases. Twenty-seven patients with leucine-rich glioma-inactivated protein 1 antibody (LGI1-Ab) encephalitis, seven patients with contactin protein-like 2 antibody (Caspr2-Ab)-associated diseases, and 14 healthy controls with at least one PSG or actigraphy recording were recruited at Peking Union Medical College Hospital from January 2014 to July 2019. Read More

Sleep Med 2021 Jan 25;77:205-208. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Department of Neurology, Hospital de Egas Moniz, Centro Hospitalar de Lisboa Ocidental, Lisboa, Portugal.

Objective: To assess the predictive value of polysomnographic (PSG) data in the prospective assessment of cognitive, motor, daytime and nighttime sleep dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease (PD) patients.

Methods: PD patients were assessed at baseline with video-PSG and with cognitive (MoCA), Sleep (SCOPA-Sleep Nighttime and Daytime scores) and Motor (UPDRSIII) function scales at both baseline and four years later. Linear regression analysis was used to assess the relation between PSG variables at baseline and change in symptoms scores. Read More

J Clin Sleep Med 2020 08;16(8):1255-1263

University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Study Objectives: The primary objective was to describe trends in the 2-year limited duration prevalence of narcolepsy from 2013-2016 in a large insured population with claims activity. Secondary objectives were to assess the prevalence of other sleep disorders and the frequency of diagnostic sleep testing.

Methods: Nationwide medical/prescription claims (Symphony Health) were analyzed to estimate the annual prevalence per 100,000 persons of narcolepsy and other sleep disorders (obstructive sleep apnea, idiopathic hypersomnia, rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder, periodic limb movement disorder) and the frequency of diagnostic sleep testing. Read More

Continuum (Minneap Minn) 2020 08;26(4):1034-1069

Purpose Of Review: The presentation of sleep issues in childhood differs from the presentation in adulthood and may be more subtle. Sleep issues may affect children differently than adults, and distinct treatment approaches are often used in children.

Recent Findings: Sodium oxybate was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in October 2018 for an expanded indication of treatment of sleepiness or cataplexy in patients with narcolepsy type 1 or narcolepsy type 2 aged 7 years or older, with side effect and safety profiles similar to those seen in adults. Read More

Phlebology 2020 Dec 14;35(10):771-776. Epub 2020 Jul 14.

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Neurology, Bursa Uludağ University, Bursa, Turkey.

Background: We aimed to investigate of chronic venous insufficiency on patients with sleep disorder due to restless legs syndrome.

Method: Five hundred forty-one cases on whom polysomnography was performed due to sleep disorder were evaluated retrospectively. Forty patients with restless legs syndrome were determined. Read More

Clin Neuropharmacol 2020 Jul/Aug;43(4):116-120

Medicine Department, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, Brazil.

Background: Topiramate (TPM) is a fructose derivative, which was originally developed as an antiepileptic. In this context, movement disorders (MDs) are possible adverse events secondary to TPM.

Case Reports: Two patients (cases 1 and 2) developed myoclonus, and the other 2 had restless leg syndrome (RLS, cases 3 and 4). Read More

J Neurol Sci 2020 Aug 8;415:116891. Epub 2020 May 8.

Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Hosur Road, Bangalore, Karnataka 560029, India. Electronic address:

Sleep disturbance is one of the commonly reported non-motor symptoms in patients with Parkinson's disease (PD) as well as in Parkinson plus disorders such as multiple system atrophy (MSA), dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB), progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP), and corticobasal syndrome (CBS). Although there is a wealth of literature on sleep disturbances in PD, the same is not robust on the Parkinson plus disorders. This article aims to comprehensively review the sleep disturbances in Parkinson plus disorders. Read More

J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol 2021 Mar 1;34(2):142-149. Epub 2020 Apr 1.

Department of Psychiatry, 65462Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea.

Previous studies have shown the therapeutic effects of clonazepam for rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder (RBD), but they had several limitations such as the lack of clear definition of treatment outcomes and little information about adjuvant therapy. The aims of this study were to evaluate the treatment outcomes with clonazepam and to explore possible determinants of treatment response. We performed a retrospective medical chart review of 171 patients with RBD. Read More

A A Pract 2020 Apr;14(6):e01183

Sleep-Wake-Epilepsy-Center, Department of Neurology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.

Motor activity during general anesthesia (GA) without neuromuscular blockade is often interpreted as reflecting insufficient anesthesia. Here we present the case of an octogenarian undergoing deep sclerectomy with opioid-sparing electroencephalography (EEG)-guided anesthesia. Periodic leg movements (PLM) appeared during ongoing surgery while the patient's raw EEG displayed a pattern of deep anesthesia, evidenced by burst suppression. Read More