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Hinyokika Kiyo 2021 Apr;67(4):147-152

The Department of Urology, Muroran City General Hospital.

We report a rare case of necrotizing fasciitis in the thigh induced by emphysematous pyelonephritis due to a staghorn stone. A 60-year-old female was diagnosed with a staghorn stone in the right kidney at another clinic. We referred her to another hospital for indication of percutaneous nephrolithotripsy. Read More

Cureus 2021 Mar 21;13(3):e14027. Epub 2021 Mar 21.

Medicine, Qatar University, Doha, QAT.

This article describes the case of a 38-year-old male who presented to the ED with three days history of gradually progressing right-sided lower abdominal pain, which had increased in severity two hours prior to his ED visit. The patient was anorexic but denied experiencing any fever, urinary malfunctions, or chills. Blood tests showed an elevated serum creatinine level of 123 umol/L and a high C-reactive protein level of 62 mg/L. Read More

Transplant Proc 2021 May 26;53(4):1281-1283. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Division of Nephrology and Renal Transplantation, Department of Medicine, Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte, Lisbon, Portugal.

Fournier gangrene is a progressive necrotizing infection of the external genitalia or perineum that constitutes a urologic emergency. Incidence of Fournier gangrene is rising because of population aging, increasing comorbidities, and widespread use of immunosuppressive therapy, including immunosuppressive regimens used in kidney transplants. This is a rapidly progressive and potentially lethal disease without treatment, and early recognition of the disease, proper management of the predisposing factors, and aggressive surgical debridement are the most essential interventions. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Feb 9;57(2). Epub 2021 Feb 9.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Traumatology and Urology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-572 Poznan, Poland.

Renal and perirenal abscesses are very rare in children. They can be present as an acute emergency condition or insidiously as a chronic disease. The diagnosis is not so obvious, and it is a big challenge, especially when it can simulate a kidney tumor. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Jan 1;57(1). Epub 2021 Jan 1.

Radiology department, Urology and Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, 35516 Mansoura, Egypt.

There are many acute and chronic infections affecting the urinary tract including bacterial, fungal and viral infections. Urinary tract infections (UTIs) can present in many different patterns with variable degrees of severity varying from asymptomatic and uncomplicated forms to life threatening complicated infections. Cross-sectional imaging techniques-including both computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-have become very important tools not only for evaluation of UTIs, but also for detection of associated complications. Read More

J Endourol 2021 Mar 12. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Department of Urology, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

To present our large single-center experience in the management of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (ADPKD) with total ultrasound (US)-guided percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) and to evaluate the role of PNL under US in these patients. We retrospectively reviewed the charts of patients with ADPKD who underwent PNL from August 2011 to December 2019. A total of 56 patients were included in this study; all procedures were completed by the total US-guided technique. Read More

J Family Med Prim Care 2020 Sep 30;9(9):5062-5065. Epub 2020 Sep 30.

Department of Microbiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences (AIIMS), Rishikesh, Uttarakhand, India.

Perinephric and renal abscess are very rare entities with insidious presentation and pose a great diagnostic challenge, common etiology being bacterial. Only less than 30 cases of fungal etiology have been reported in literature. Herein, we report first case of fungal perinephric abscess caused by in a young diabetic female who presented with right flank pain and vomiting. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2020 Nov;68(11):2580-2582

Department of Ophthalmology, Lady Hardinge Medical College and Associated Hospitals, University of Delhi, New Delhi, India.

An 80-year-old lady with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes developed fever and abdominal pain followed by a sudden diminution of vision in her left eye. Right infra-renal abscess accounted for abdominal pain. A metastatic left subretinal abscess was diagnosed subsequently. Read More

Urol Case Rep 2020 Nov 18;33:101353. Epub 2020 Jul 18.

Senior Specialist, Urology Department, IMC Hospital Jeddah, 2172, Saudi Arabia.

Emphysematous Pyelonephritis is a rare necrotizing infection with gas production and a high overall mortality rate. An elderly diabetic male patient presented to our Emergency Department with septic shock and was found to have left perinephric emphysematous pyelonephritis with a large collection. He was managed with the proper antibiotic therapy, and two trials of percutaneous drainage of the collection with no significant reduction in the size of the abscess. Read More

Arch Ital Urol Androl 2020 Oct 1;92(3). Epub 2020 Oct 1.

Department of Maternal-Child and Urological Sciences, Sapienza Rome University, Policlinico Umberto I Hospital, Rome.

A case is presented that demonstrates unusual long-term evolution of an infected calculi, culminating in the formation of a retroperitoneal abscess that fistulised to the pleural space, leading to a right pleural empyema. Read More

J Community Hosp Intern Med Perspect 2020 Mar 3;10(2):162-165. Epub 2020 Mar 3.

Internal Medicine Residency Program, Memorial Healthcare System, Hollywood, FL, USA.

 is a gram-positive bacillus in the female genital tract believed to be a commensal organism that inhibits the growth of more virulent pathogens.  is a gram-negative bacillus species also typically commensal in the female genital tract. as the primary causative agent in perinephric abscesses and bacteremia has been documented, albeit very uncommon and opportunistic. Read More

IDCases 2020 23;20:e00759. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of General Internal Medicine, McGovern Medical School at The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, TX, United States.

We describe a rare case of methicillin-sensitive (MSSA) septicemia with metastatic spread leading to pulmonary septic emboli, sub-capsular perinephric renal abscess, prostatic abscess, and intramuscular calf and gluteal abscess in a 48-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus (Hemoglobin A1c of 15.2). The patient developed right lower extremity pain after a session of acupuncture followed by a three-week history of fevers, chills, abdominal pain, left flank pain, and urinary retention. Read More

Infect Disord Drug Targets 2020 May 16. Epub 2020 May 16.

Department of Microbiology, Government Medical College Hospital, Sector 32, Chandigarh. India.

Background: Nocardia species are important cause of infections in humans but are underreported due to missed diagnosis as well as misdiagnosis. Majority of the literature on these infections consists of case reports or series with few articles describing high number of cases.

Objective: To study the epidemiology of Nocardia infections in a tertiary care center. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 May 14;13(5). Epub 2020 May 14.

Department of Urology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

We report a case of an immunosuppressed 67-year-old woman who presented with fever of unknown origin. Further investigation revealed multiple left renal and perinephric abscesses. These were managed with percutaneous drainage and broad-spectrum antibiotics; however, no clinical improvement resulted. Read More

Transpl Infect Dis 2020 Oct 7;22(5):e13308. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Banner University Medical Center, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.

A 42-year-old man presented with nausea, malaise, and pain at his renal graft site 4 months following deceased donor renal transplant. His transplantation had been complicated by urinary leak with delayed wound closure requiring ureteral revision with biologic mesh placement. The initial evaluation in the hospital revealed urinalysis with significant pyuria as well as abdominal CT imaging concerning for abscess formation anterior to the grafted kidney. Read More

J Vet Emerg Crit Care (San Antonio) 2020 May 24;30(3):318-324. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Allegheny Veterinary Emergency Trauma & Specialty, Monroeville, PA.

Objective: To describe the clinical presentation and medical management of a cat with perinephric abscessation and urosepsis following urethral obstruction and catheterization.

Case Summary: A 2-year-old intact male domestic shorthaired cat presented to an emergency and referral center for lethargy, vomiting, and hematuria. Severe azotemia and hyperkalemia were observed on a serum biochemistry panel. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2020 Jan 15;20(1):47. Epub 2020 Jan 15.

University of Calgary Cumming School of Medicine, 3330 Hospital Dr NW, Calgary, AB, T2N 4N1, Canada.

Background: Ureaplasma urealyticum is a fastidious bacteria which lacks a cell wall. Extragenital infections are rare in immunocompetent adults. There are few literature reports of perinephric abscess. Read More

Oxf Med Case Reports 2019 Dec 31;2019(12):498-501. Epub 2019 Dec 31.

Department of Urology, Whipps Cross University Hospital, Barts Health NHS Trust, Whipps Cross Road, Leytonstone, London E11 1NR, UK.

We present a rare case detailing the investigations and subsequent treatment of a lady who presented with a reno-duodenal fistula and perinephric abscess as a complication of staghorn calculus and recurrent upper urinary tract infections. Treatment involved antibiotics, nephrostomy, endoscopic closure of the fistula tract with clips, radiological drain insertion and, ultimately, nephrectomy with primary omental patch closure of the duodenal defect. We discuss the incidence of fistula tract formation as a complication of staghorn calculi, as well as investigations and management strategies employed in the literature to treat such complications, which span from conservative treatment to nephrectomy and closure of the intestinal defect. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jun 24;11(6):e4988. Epub 2019 Jun 24.

Internal Medicine, John H. Stroger, Jr. Hospital of Cook County, Chicago, USA.

Perinephric abscess is a known complication of urologic infection, sometimes requiring surgical debridement. Extension into adjacent structures is rarely reported. We present a case of a woman with xanthogranulomatous emphysematous pyelonephritis accompanied by massive perinephric abscess, resulting in celiac and splenic artery mycotic aneurysms via direct invasion. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2019 25;28:100916. Epub 2019 Jul 25.

Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, United States.

Gardnerella vaginalis is an anaerobic, gram-variable bacterium primarily found in vaginal microflora of women. Previous reports of G. vaginalis cultured in men are few and have primarily been limited to the gastrointestinal and genitourinary tract. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2019 May-Jun;30(3):564-570

Faculty of Health and Science, Institute of Learning and Teaching, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, England; Nephrology and Transplantation Department, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, Sheffield, UK.

Renal transplant is the treatment of choice for end-stage renal disease. Perirenal fluid collections are a common surgical complication postrenal transplant that may lead to early graft loss, considerable morbidity, and excess financial loss, if not diagnosed and managed early. The causes of posttransplant fluid collections are urinary leak, lymphocele, hematoma, and seroma, which can be further complicated by abscess formation if becomes infected. Read More

Pol Przegl Chir 2019 Jun;92(3):51-54

Klinika Chirurgii Klatki Piersiowej, Chirurgii Ogólnej i Onkologicznej, Uniwersytecki Szpital Kliniczny im. Wojskowej Akademii Medycznej - Centralny Szpital Weteranów w Łodzi, Polska.

Duodenal perforation is a rare and severe acute surgical condition which commonly follows the complications of endoscopic and laparoscopic procedures. Small degree of damage in this mechanism and an early diagnosis allow for an effective primary management. The most difficult surgical challenge is an effective management of retroperitoneal duodenal perforation together with coexisting pathological changes of its wall. Read More

J Endourol Case Rep 2019 30;5(2):49-52. Epub 2019 May 30.

Department of Surgery and Perioperative Care, Division of Urology, Dell Medical School at the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas.

This case highlights an enterorenal fistula as a rare complication from ureteroscopic lithotripsy. A 56-year-old woman with significant obesity, decompensated cirrhotic and ascitic liver disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes mellitus, and nephrolithiasis treated with five prior ureteroscopic lithotripsies for a partial left staghorn stone presented to the emergency department (ED) with worsening left flank pain and sepsis. A CT scan of the abdomen and pelvis with contrast showed a large left perinephric hematoma. Read More

Clin Transplant 2019 09 20;33(9):e13595. Epub 2019 Jun 20.

Departments of Pediatrics, Surgery & Clinical and Translational Science, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

This new guideline from the AST IDCOP reviews intra-abdominal infections (IAIs), which cause substantial morbidity and mortality among abdominal SOT recipients. Each transplant type carries unique risks for IAI, though peritonitis occurs in all abdominal transplant recipients. Biliary infections, bilomas, and intra-abdominal and intrahepatic abscesses are common after liver transplantation and are associated with the type of biliary anastomosis, the presence of vascular thrombosis or ischemia, and biliary leaks or strictures. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 May 15;12(5). Epub 2019 May 15.

Pediatrics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.

This is a case of an 8-year-old, Caucasian boy with a complex prior medical history who presented with worsening, acute, left-sided abdominal pain and fever after empiric treatment for a urinary tract infection. Repeat urinalysis was negative for infection. A renal ultrasound assessing for occult perinephric abscess or nephronia revealed normal kidneys but found a tubular structure adjacent to the left kidney. Read More

Respirol Case Rep 2019 Apr 29;7(3):e00400. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Respiratory Medicine Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital Nedlands Western Australia Australia.

Pleural infection as a complication of ascending urological infection is rare, and the mechanism often unclear. We report a complicated case of pleural infection and perinephric abscess in a patient who presented with a large right-sided pleural effusion. Pleural fluid culture yielded , an unusual pathogen in pleuro-pulmonary infections. Read More

J Endourol Case Rep 2018 21;4(1):206-208. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Urology, Thriassion General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Renal rupture and retroperitoneal abscess formation after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) is a rare and potentially life-threatening complication if left untreated with a high morbidity rate. In this study, we present a rare case of renal rupture after SWL, with formation of an extensive retroperitoneal abscess extending to the left abdominal and lumbar area. A 48-year-old Caucasian woman presented to the outpatient department with left abdominal and lumbar redness and swelling caused by renal rupture and massive perinephric abscess formation, 10 days after SWL treatment of her left renal pelvic stones. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 31;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 31.

Department of Radio diagnosis, Kasturba Medical College Manipal, Manipal, Karnataka, India.