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Sex Transm Dis 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York NY.

Introduction: Perceived stress is linked to poor sexual and reproductive health, but its relationship with sexually transmitted infections (STI) is less clear. The elevated burden of stress and STI among Black women suggests a need to examine racial differences in the associations on additive and multiplicative scales.

Methods: Using data from Black and White female participants from Wave IV of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health (n=4,744), we examined the association of high stress (scores ≥6 on the Perceived Stress Scale-4) with self-reported past year chlamydia diagnosis; combined curable STI; and lifetime pelvic inflammatory disease using modified Poisson regression with robust variance to estimate prevalence ratios (PRs) and prevalence differences (PDs). Read More

Hematol Oncol Stem Cell Ther 2020 Jul 6. Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Henry Ford Health System, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.

Background: Lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, and elevated D-dimer and ferritin levels are frequently reported in patients with severe coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Here we report a case of cold agglutinin disease (CAD), autoimmune hemolytic anemia (AIHA), and pulmonary embolism as a presentation of COVID-19 infection.

Case Report: A 51-year-old African-American woman presented to the emergency room with fever and shortness of breath. Read More

Cureus 2020 Jun 5;12(6):e8461. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Internal Medicine, Brooke Army Medical Center, San Antonio, USA.

Skeletal fluorosis is a metabolic bone disease caused by accumulation of fluoride and is generally associated with chronic exposure to fluoride-contaminated groundwater, a phenomenon endemic to developing countries. Whereas elevated water fluoride concentrations do not constitute a public health issue in the United States, emergence of skeletal fluorosis as a sequela of chronic recreational exposures has been described. In this case report, our 33-year-old male patient with a history of major depressive disorder and substance abuse was hospitalized for hyperkalemia and acute kidney injury discovered on routine bloodwork due to concomitant nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) and antihypertensive use. Read More

FP Essent 2020 07;494:25-29

St. Luke's Family Medicine Residency, 2830 Easton Ave, Bethlehem, PA 18017.

Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is a chronic systemic inflammatory disease that is common in individuals older than 70 years. Classic symptoms of PMR include pain in the neck, pelvic girdle, and shoulders. Morning stiffness that lasts at least 30 minutes is typical. Read More

Dose Response 2020 Apr-Jun;18(2):1559325820931292. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Laboratory of Radiation Medicine and radiation injury effects, Tianjin Institute of Radiology, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin, China.

With the extensive application of radiotherapy in various cancers, its side effects in tissues adjacent to cancers are garnering much attention. Intestines are sensitive to irradiation due to its rapid proliferation, and irradiation-induced enteric inflammation is common in patients with pelvic peritoneal tumors. Sirt1, class III protein deacetylase, could lead to transcriptional repression of various inflammation-associated genes, and our previous study has proved its relationship with interleukin (IL)-1β. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2020 Jul 7;21:e923661. Epub 2020 Jul 7.

Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery Obstetrics and Gynaecology, KK Women's and Children's Hospital Singhealth, Singapore, Singapore.

BACKGROUND There is growing evidence suggesting that Filshie clip migration is a rare but significant late complication following tubal sterilization. Although most women are asymptomatic, clip migration can result in serious morbidity such as abscess formation and be a source of sepsis years later. CASE REPORT A 51-year-old woman presented with 2-week history of worsening right flank pain with fever and chills, unresponsive to oral antibiotics. Read More

BMJ Glob Health 2020 07;5(7)

Program in Global Surgery and Social Change, Department of Global Health and Social Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, United States.

Introduction: Prolonged obstructed labour often results from lack of access to timely obstetrical care and affects millions of women. Current burden of disease estimates do not include all the physical and psychosocial sequelae from prolonged obstructed labour. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of the full spectrum of maternal and newborn comorbidities, and create a more comprehensive burden of disease model. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2020 Jun 29;17(13). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Department of Public Health, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.

Endometriosis is a chronic, inflammatory disease affecting more than 170 million women worldwide and up to 10% of women of reproductive age. As a consequence of inflammatory reaction and infiltration of anatomic structures, endometriosis can cause "pain symptoms" including dysmenorrhea, dyspareunia, dyschezia, dysuria, and chronic pelvic pain. In this review, we summarized the impact of endometriosis on quality of life in all its aspects including sexual life, work, and social relationships. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020 Jun 28. Epub 2020 Jun 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric and Young Women's Gynecology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.

Background: Mycoplasma genitalium is an increasingly recognized cause of pelvic inflammatory disease.

Case: A 17-year-old adolescent female presented with chronic pelvic pain and dysmenorrhea. Testing for Chlamydia trachomatis and Neisseria gonorrhea were negative. Read More

J Ultrason 2020 15;20(81):e116-e121. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Gynaecology And Obstetrics, Aziz Medical Center , Karachi , Pakistan.

To assess the effect of ultrasound-guided cervical dilation on clinical pregnancy rates in women with cervical stenosis. A prospective case control study was conducted in women with unexplained infertility. These women underwent saline infusion sonography and were suspected of having cervical stenosis if a 7 French Foley's catheter could not be introduced into the cervical canal. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2020 Jun;8(12):2623-2628

Department of Pathology, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University/Key Laboratory of Birth Defects and Related Diseases of Women and Children (Sichuan University), Chengdu 610041, Sichuan Province, China.

Background: Ovarian endometrioid carcinoma resembling sex cord-stromal tumor (ECSCSs) is rare.

Case Summary: We present a rare case of primary ECSCSs in the left ovary. A 39-year-old female patient had persistent dull pain in the lower abdomen for more than 1 mo, and she was initially diagnosed with pelvic inflammatory disease at a hospital. Read More

Clin Epidemiol 2020 18;12:637-649. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

Purpose: The goal of the current study is to determine the risk of subsequent development of epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) in women after ovarian surgery for benign ovarian tumors.

Patients And Methods: We conducted the nationwide population-based historic cohort study using the National Health Insurance Research Database (NHIRD) of Taiwan. Eleven thousand six hundred twenty women who underwent ovarian surgery for ovarian benign diseases were analyzed. Read More

Protein Cell 2020 Jun 29. Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, School of Medicine, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.

Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) has become a global disease with accelerating incidence worldwide in the 21st century while its accurate etiology remains unclear. In the past decade, gut microbiota dysbiosis has consistently been associated with IBD. Although many IBD-associated dysbiosis have not been proven to be a cause or an effect of IBD, it is often hypothesized that at least some of alteration in microbiome is protective or causative. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2020 Jun 26. Epub 2020 Jun 26.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Saitama Medical University, 38 Morohongo, Moroyama-machi, Iruma-gun, Saitama 350-0495, Japan.

Background: Infectious mononucleosis (IM) develops following primary infection with Epstein-Barr virus. We report a case of septic shock in an adolescent from pelvic inflammatory disease caused by Fusobacterium necrophorum following sexual intercourse during recovery from IM.

Case: A 17-year-old girl with a 7-day history of fever was diagnosed with IM. Read More

Inflamm Intest Dis 2020 Jun 19;5(2):59-64. Epub 2020 Feb 19.

The Henry D. Janowitz Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.

Introduction: The true incidence of infection (CDI) in patients with an ileal pouch is unknown, and there is little published on its associated risk factors.

Objective: We aimed to evaluate the rate and risk factors of CDI in pouch patients.

Methods: This was a retrospective review conducted at a single tertiary care inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) center. Read More

J Midwifery Womens Health 2020 Jun 27. Epub 2020 Jun 27.

Egan School of Nursing and Health Studies, Fairfield University, Fairfield, Connecticut.

The use of long-acting reversible contraception, namely, intrauterine device (IUDs) and the subdermal implant, has been recommended to address the high rate of the unintended pregnancy in the United States. IUDs are a safe, highly effective contraceptive method, suitable for most women. The underutilization of IUDs arises in part from the lack of translation of best practices in the clinical setting as well as fears and misperceptions about this contraceptive method held by health care providers and women. Read More

Rev Esp Enferm Dig 2020 Jun 24;112. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Cirugía General y Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario Morales Meseguer.

We present the case of a patient with an inflammatory bowel disease to whom a pelvic desmoid tumor is discovered during an infertility study. Read More

Sex Transm Dis 2020 Jun 18. Epub 2020 Jun 18.

Department of Medicine, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Current PID treatment effectively treats Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT). However, coverage may be inadequate for Mycoplasma genitalium (MG)/Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) infections. We compared the longitudinal MG and TV outcomes with NG/CT outcomes for women enrolled in a longitudinal randomized controlled trial to optimize outcomes after PID. Read More

Sheng Wu Gong Cheng Xue Bao 2020 May;36(5):908-919

Technology and Research Center of Gansu Province for Embryo Engineering of Bovine and Sheep& Goat, College of Veterinary Medicine, Gansu Agricultural University, Lanzhou 730070, Gansu, China.

A multiplex PCR method was developed to detect the main pathogens of Qinghai Tibetan sheep endometritis. First, the genomes of five standard bacterial strains were extracted and specific primers were selected; the multiplex PCR method was established by using the genome of the standard strain as a template. The samples were collected by sterile cotton swab from Tibetan sheep uterus, and then placed in LB medium and numbered. Read More

Curr Rheumatol Rep 2020 Jun 19;22(8):40. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Division of Rheumatology, University of Washington, Seattle, USA.

Purpose Of The Review: Polymyalgia rheumatica (PMR) is one of the most common inflammatory rheumatologic condition occurring in older adults. It is characterized by proximal pain and stiffness in the shoulders, neck, and/or pelvic girdle in individuals over 50 years of age along with evidence of an intense systemic inflammatory response. Although the above clinical symptoms are very characteristic for the condition, it can be mimicked by other autoimmune, infectious, malignant, and endocrine disorders chief among which are giant cell arteritis (GCA) and elderly-onset rheumatoid arthritis (EORA). Read More

Rev Bras Ginecol Obstet 2020 Jun 19. Epub 2020 Jun 19.

Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Primary dysmenorrhea is defined as menstrual pain in the absence of pelvic disease. It is characterized by overproduction of prostaglandins by the endometrium, causing uterine hypercontractility that results in uterine muscle ischemia, hypoxia, and, subsequently, pain. It is the most common gynecological illness in women in their reproductive years and one of the most frequent causes of pelvic pain; however, it is underdiagnosed, undertreated, and even undervalued by women themselves, who accept it as part of the menstrual cycle. Read More

Biomed Pharmacother 2020 Jun 16;129:110052. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Shaanxi Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, State Key Laboratory of Research & Development of Characteristic Qin Medicine Resources (Cultivation), Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of New Drugs and Chinese Medicine Foundation Research, 712083, Xianyang, PR China.

Radix Paeoniae Rubra (RPR) is a traditional Chinese medicine with anti-inflammatory effects that has been used in chronic pelvic inflammation disease (CPID) therapy. However, research on the mechanism of RPR in CPID therapy is lacking. Here, we used a network pharmacology method to screen targets and found that the PTGS2 target in the arachidonic acid (AA) pathway was significantly related to CPID. Read More

BMJ Open 2020 Jun 17;10(6):e037599. Epub 2020 Jun 17.

School of Nursing, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

Introduction: Supporting people subjected to sexual violence includes provision of sexual and reproductive healthcare. There is a need to ensure an environment for safe and supported disclosure of sexual violence in these clinical settings. The purpose of this research is to gain a deeper understanding of how, why, for whom and in what circumstances safe and supported disclosure occurs in sexual health services. Read More

Gastroenterology 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

Department of Gastroenterology; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Colorectal and Pelvic Floor Diseases, Guangdong Institute of Gastroenterology, The Sixth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

ACG Case Rep J 2020 Apr 28;7(4):e00374. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Surgery, Minami-Nara General Medical Center, Oyodo, Nara, Japan.

Crohn's disease (CD) is associated with an increased risk of developing colorectal cancer. In particular, cases in which long-term survival is achieved by patients with local recurrence of CD-associated rectal cancer are rare. We report a case in which curative resection was achieved for a 47-year-old man with long-standing CD and locally recurrent rectal cancer. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2020 May 5. Epub 2020 May 5.

Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.

Reprod Sci 2020 Jun 15. Epub 2020 Jun 15.

DHR Health Institute for Research and Development, Edinburg, TX, USA.

There is strong evidence from humans and animal models showing that abnormal functioning of the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and/or the inflammatory response system disrupts feedback regulation of both neuroendocrine and immune systems, contributing to disease. Stress is known to affect the physiology of pelvic organs and to disturb the HPA axis leading to chronic, painful, inflammatory disorders. A link between stress and disease has already been documented for many chronic conditions. Read More

Netw Model Anal Health Inform Bioinform 2020 10;9(1):39. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Biodiscovery Group for Life Sciences, Bangalore, India.

a gram-negative bacterium known to infect the genital sites mainly columnar epithelial cells of the cervix, urethra and rectum in women and causes acute epididymitis, urinary tract inflammation and DNA damage to the sperms in men, hence considered to be one of the major sexually transmitted infections. The infection is asymptomatic in many people and remains untreated leading to serious health complications, including pelvic inflammatory disease, ectopic pregnancy and infertility. The current treatment options include antibiotics, but the pathogen has gained resistance against many antibiotics. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2020 May 29;251:188-193. Epub 2020 May 29.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva, Israel. Electronic address:

Objective: To investigate whether the presence of peritoneal adhesions at the second cesarean delivery (CD) are associated with peri-partum hemorrhagic complications.

Study Design: A retrospective cohort study was undertaken, comparing hemorrhagic complications in the second CD, between women with and without adhesions. All women with two CDs who delivered a singleton in their second CD between the years 1988-2016 at a large regional medical center in Israel were included. Read More

J Clin Microbiol 2020 Jun 10. Epub 2020 Jun 10.

Department of Epidemiology, Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30322.

The sexually transmitted infections (STIs) chlamydia (CT) and gonorrhea (NG) are often asymptomatic in women and undetected by syndromic management, leading to complications such as pelvic inflammatory disease, infertility, and ectopic pregnancy. Molecular testing, such as the GeneXpert CT/NG assay, is highly sensitive, but cost restraints preclude implementation of these technologies in resource-limited settings. Pooled testing is one strategy to reduce the cost-per-sample, but the extent of savings depends on disease prevalence. Read More

Curr Opin Pediatr 2020 Jun 8. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Adolescent Medicine, John Hopkins University School of Medicine.

Purpose Of Review: Mycoplasma genitalium (M. genitalium) and Trichomonas vaginalis (T. vaginalis), sexually transmitted infections that remain non-reportable in the United States, may lead to pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) and adverse pregnancy outcomes if left untreated. Read More

IDCases 2020 30;21:e00856. Epub 2020 May 30.

Department of General Internal Medicine, Tokyo Metropolitan Tama Medical Center, 2-8-29 Musashidai, Fuchu, Tokyo, 183-8524, Japan.

Perihepatitis is mainly caused by a direct extension of pelvic inflammatory disease, in which the causative pathogen is typically or . We herein discuss the case of a 61-year-old female patient who presented with a fever and right upper quadrant pain. Perihepatitis was diagnosed by contrast-enhanced computed tomography. Read More

Rev Esp Quimioter 2020 06 9. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

José Gutiérrez-Fernández. Servicio de Microbiología. Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves. Avenida de las Fuerzas Armadas, 2. E-18012 Granada, Spain.

Nat Commun 2020 Jun 8;11(1):2877. Epub 2020 Jun 8.

Buchmann Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Max-von-Laue Str. 15, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany.

Mycoplasma genitalium is a human pathogen adhering to host target epithelial cells and causing urethritis, cervicitis and pelvic inflammatory disease. Essential for infectivity is a transmembrane adhesion complex called Nap comprising proteins P110 and P140. Here we report the crystal structure of P140 both alone and in complex with the N-terminal domain of P110. Read More

J Tradit Chin Med 2020 Jun;40(3):432-439

Department of Gynecology, Dongfang Hospital of Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100078, China.

Objective: To evaluate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of Jinying capsule on pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) in patients with symptoms identified as the pattern of damp and heat accumulation in terms of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).

Methods: We conducted a double-blinded, multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial which included 155 patients diagnosed with PID and identified as symptom pattern of damp and heat accumulation. They were randomly divided into experimental group (n = 78) and control group (n = 77) according to a random number table. Read More

BMC Womens Health 2020 Jun 5;20(1):117. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine Minia University, Minia, Egypt.

Background: Although intrauterine contraceptive device is highly effective, safe, long term and reversible method of contraception, the general population and physicians refuse. IUDs for nulliparous women due to persistent rumors about its side effects and complications. The aim of this study was to assess the acceptability of IUD use in nulliparous women by both women and health care providers in Egypt. Read More

J Clin Microbiol 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

The University of Queensland Centre for Clinical Research, The University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia.

is a sexually-transmitted organism that causes non-gonococcal urethritis in men and pelvic inflammatory disease in women.…. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 May 31;21(11). Epub 2020 May 31.

Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi 613016, Taiwan.

Non-bacterial prostatitis is an inflammatory disease that is difficult to treat. Oligonucleotide aptamers are well known for their stability and flexibility in conjugating various inflammatory molecules. In this study, we investigated the effects of inflammatory cytokine-targeting aptamers (ICTA), putative neutralizers of TNF-alpha and IL-1 beta activation, on local carrageenan-induced prostate inflammation, allodynia, and hyperalgesia in rats. Read More

Indian J Radiol Imaging 2020 Jan-Mar;30(1):32-45. Epub 2020 Mar 30.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Maulana Azad Medical College, New Delhi, India.

Infertility is a major social and clinical problem affecting 13-15% of couples worldwide. The pelvic causes of female infertility are categorized as ovarian disorders, tubal, peritubal disorders, and uterine disorders. Appropriate selection of an imaging modality is essential to accurately diagnose the aetiology of infertlity, since the imaging diagnosis directs the appropriate treatment to be instituted. Read More

Infect Dis Obstet Gynecol 2020 9;2020:5423080. Epub 2020 May 9.

Instituto de Investigaciones en Biomedicina, Universidad San Francisco de Quito, 17-12-841 Quito, Ecuador.

Background: Pelvic inflammatory disease (PID) diagnosis is often challenging as well as its treatment. This study sought to characterize the diagnostic and therapeutic trend among physicians at the outpatient level, in Quito, Ecuador, where currently no nationwide screening or specific clinical guideline has been implemented on PID or its main microbiological agents.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of medical records with pelvic inflammatory disease diagnosis in an outpatient clinic was performed. Read More

PLoS Med 2020 May 22;17(5):e1003110. Epub 2020 May 22.

Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health and Family Medicine, University of Cape Town, Observatory, Cape Town, South Africa.

Background: Women living with HIV (WLHIV) have lower rates of contraceptive use than noninfected peers, yet concerns regarding contraceptive efficacy and interaction with antiretroviral therapy (ART) complicate counseling. Hormonal contraceptives may increase genital tract HIV viral load (gVL) and sexual transmission risk to male partners. We compared gVL, plasma VL (pVL), and intrauterine contraceptive (IUC) continuation between the levonorgestrel intrauterine system (LNG-IUS) and copper intrauterine device (C-IUD) in Cape Town, South Africa. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020 May 17:101811. Epub 2020 May 17.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Gynecologic Oncology and Minimally Invasive Pelvic Surgery, IRCCS Sacro Cuore Don Calabria Hospital - Negrar (Verona), Italy, International School of Surgical Anatomy, Italy.

Objective: To study possible associations between endometriosis and pelvic inflammatory disease (PID).

Design: Retrospective cohort analysis over 14 consecutive years, based on medical records and insurance coding in a tertiary care endometriosis reference center.

Setting: Tertiary care reference center for endometriosis. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2020 May 15;21(10). Epub 2020 May 15.

Translational 'Omics and Biomarkers group, KK Research Centre, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore 229899, Singapore.

Endometriosis is a common inflammatory gynecological disorder which causes pelvic scarring, pain, and infertility, characterized by the implantation of endometrial-like lesions outside the uterus. The peritoneum, ovaries, and deep soft tissues are the commonly involved sites, and endometriotic lesions can be classified into three subphenotypes: superficial peritoneal endometriosis (PE), ovarian endometrioma (OE), and deep infiltrating endometriosis (DIE). In 132 women diagnosed laparoscopically with and without endometriosis ( = 73, 59 respectively), and stratified into PE, OE, and DIE, peritoneal fluids (PF) were characterized for 48 cytokines by using multiplex immunoassays. Read More

Transl Androl Urol 2020 Apr;9(2):398-404

Department of Urology, St. Vincent's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.

Background: Although empirical antibacterial treatments are currently recommended for inflammatory chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS), physicians cannot verify infections in most cases. Therefore, in this study, the microbiota of semen was investigated via pyrosequencing to obtain evidence underlying infectious disease.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with CP/CPPS (n=17) and healthy volunteers (n=4) participated in the study. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2020 May 13:101789. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Purpose: To evaluate and better characterize the incidence, clinical presentations and risk factors of TOA in postmenopausal women and to evaluate the incidence of underlying malignancy in postmenopausal women with TOA.

Methods: Electronic based search using Pubmed, EMBASE, Ovid MEDLINE, Google Scholar, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. The following medical subject heading (Mesh) terms, keywords, and their combinations were used: "tubo-ovarian abscess, pelvic inflammatory disease, menopausal and postmenopausal". Read More

Am Fam Physician 2020 May;101(10):599-606

Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.

Ectopic pregnancy occurs when a fertilized ovum implants outside of the uterine cavity. In the United States, the estimated prevalence of ectopic pregnancy is 1% to 2%, and ruptured ectopic pregnancy accounts for 2.7% of pregnancy-related deaths. Read More

IDCases 2020 5;20:e00785. Epub 2020 May 5.

University of Maryland Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Disease. 22 South Greene St, Baltimore MD 21201, United States.

gynecological infections generally occur in association with childbirth, intra-uterine devices, and other invasive gynecologic procedures, but rarely cause spontaneous pelvic inflammatory disease. We describe a case of a healthy young woman with spontaneous pelvic inflammatory disease, bacteremia, and shock, and summarize an additional 13 cases found in the literature. The majority were bacteremic and a significant number were also hypotensive. Read More

Gynecol Endocrinol 2020 May 13:1-5. Epub 2020 May 13.

Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, Italy.

Endometriosis is a chronic inflammatory disease of women of reproductive age. Small bowel (SB) permeability and lipopolysaccharides (LPS) could play a role in the perduration of low grade inflammation status and the pathogenesis of endometriosis. To clarify this hypothesis, we measured SB permeability through plasma values of LPS and urinary secretion of lactulose (La), mannitol (Ma) and their ratio (L/M) in patients with endometriosis compared with healthy controls (HC). Read More