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Breathe (Sheff) 2019 Mar;15(1):24-35

Population Health Research Institute, Division of Respirology, Dept of Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada.

Globally, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is the fourth major cause of mortality and morbidity and projected to rise to third within a decade as our efforts to prevent, identify, diagnose and treat patients at a global population level have been insufficient. The European Respiratory Society and American Thoracic Society, along with the Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) strategy document, have highlighted key pathological risk factors and suggested clinical treatment strategies in order to reduce the mortality and morbidity associated with COPD. This review focuses solely on issues related to the under- and over-diagnosis of COPD across the main geographical regions of the world and highlights some of the associated risk factors. Read More

Oncol Rep 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Department of Infectious Disease, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210029, P.R. China.

Opa interacting protein 5 (OIP5) overexpression is associated with human carcinoma. However, its biological function, underlying mechanism and clinical significance in liver cancer remain unknown. In the present study, the effects of OIP5 expression on liver cancer, and the mechanisms regulating these effects, were investigated. Read More

Int J Pediatr Adolesc Med 2018 Sep 11;5(3):116-121. Epub 2018 Sep 11.

College of Medicine, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: The leadership skills of pediatric residents during cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) may have major impacts on their performance. These skills should be addressed during the pediatric residency training program. Therefore, we aimed to identify the perceptions of residents regarding their level of confidence in providing or leading a real pediatric CPR code, and to identify different factors that might influence their self-confidence when assuming the role of a team leader during a real CPR. Read More

J Virus Erad 2019 Jan 1;5(1):60-66. Epub 2019 Jan 1.

National Center for HIV, Viral Hepatitis, STD, and TB, CDC, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Hepatitis B virus (HBV) and hepatitis C virus (HCV) affect more than 320 million people worldwide, which is more than HIV, tuberculosis (TB) and malaria combined. Elimination of HBV and HCV will, therefore, produce substantial public health and economic benefits and, most importantly, the prevention of 1.2 million deaths per year. Read More

Ann Pediatr Cardiol 2019 Jan-Apr;12(1):38-44

Integrated Cardiac Centre, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Background: Evaluating outcome and identifying predictors of major complications among children undergoing cardiac surgery are essential to improve care. We evaluated short-term outcomes of postcardiac surgery and predictors of major complications in a national referral hospital in Indonesia.

Methods: A prospective cohort study was conducted from April 2014 to March 2015 on all children undergoing cardiac surgery. Read More

Front Pediatr 2018 21;6:426. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Immunodeficiencies Research Unit at the National Institute of Pediatrics (INP), Mexico City, Mexico.

DNA repair defects are inborn errors of immunity that result in increased apoptosis and oncogenesis. DNA Ligase 4-deficient patients suffer from a wide range of clinical manifestations since early in life, including: microcephaly, dysmorphic facial features, growth failure, developmental delay, mental retardation; hip dysplasia, and other skeletal malformations; as well as a severe combined immunodeficiency, radiosensitivity, and progressive bone marrow failure; or, they may present later in life with hematological neoplasias that respond catastrophically to chemo- and radiotherapy; or, they could be asymptomatic. We describe the clinical, laboratory, and genetic features of five Mexican patients with LIG4 deficiency, together with a review of 36 other patients available in PubMed Medline. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, New Jersey, U.S.A.

Objectives/hypothesis: Many human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected pediatric patients develop otolaryngologic disease. We aimed to characterize their otolaryngologic manifestations by type and demographic variation, and model temporal trends.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort review. Read More

Circ J 2019 Feb 18;83(3):515-523. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Key Lab for Arteriosclerology of Hunan Province, Medical Research Experiment Center, Hunan Province Cooperative Innovation Center for Molecular Target New Drug Study, University of South China.

Background: Recent studies have suggested that pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) is involved in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. This study aim is to investigate the role and mechanisms of PAPP-A in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and inflammation during the development of atherosclerosis. Methods and Results: PAPP-A was silenced in apolipoprotein E (apoE) mice with administration of PAPP-A shRNA. Read More

Afr Health Sci 2018 Sep;18(3):496-502

University of Zambia, School of Medicine, Department of Pathology and Microbiology.

Background: Human Parvovirus (B19V) is a small, single-stranded, non-enveloped DNA virus which is pathogenic to humans causing a wide array of clinical complications which include erythema infectiosum, aplastic crisis and hydrops foetalis. It is generally harmless in healthy individuals but may be life threatening in immunocompromised individuals such as patients with sickle cell disease, cancer, HIV and pregnant women. It has been shown to be transmissible by blood transfusion but donor screening for the virus is not yet mandatory in most sub-Saharan African countries including Zambia. Read More

JAMA 2019 Jan;321(3):303-304

Cleveland Clinic Lerner College of Medicine of Case Western Reserve University, Department of Rheumatic and Immunologic Diseases, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

N Engl J Med 2018 Dec;379(24):2361

Universitätsklinikum Carl Gustav Carus, Dresden, Germany

BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 7;18(1):631. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Research and Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Backgroud: Primate erythroparvovirus 1 (B19V) is a globally ubiquitous DNA virus. Infection results in a variety of clinical presentations including erythema infectiosum in children and arthralgia in adults. There is limited understanding of the seroprevalence of B19V antibodies in the Australian population and therefore of population-wide immunity. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018 Dec 5;18(1):223. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Changwon Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 158, Paryong-ro, Masanhoewon-gu, Changwon, Gyeongsangnam-do, 51353, Republic of Korea.

Background: The rate of incidentally diagnosed congenital heart disease (CHD) in adulthood has not been reported. The aim of this study was to investigate the detection rate of CHD in adults by routine, general health checkups.

Methods: Data was acquired from 222,401 patients older than 19 years who participated in general health checkups from January 2010 to December 2016. Read More

Birth Defects Res 2019 Feb 5;111(3):142-150. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

School of Dentistry and UNC Craniofacial Center, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, North Carolina.

Background: Children with nonsyndromic orofacial clefts (NS OFCs) may require exceptional children's (EC) services for academic delays. We examined EC service use of children with and without NS OFCs in NC in elementary school.

Methods: We included 559 children with NS OFCs and 6,822 children without birth defects who had NC educational records. Read More

Matern Child Health J 2019 Feb;23(2):228-239

Department of Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, Morgantown, WV, 26506, USA.

Introduction The immediate benefits of breastfeeding are well-established but the long-term health benefits are less well-known. West Virginia (WV) has a higher prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and lower breastfeeding rates compared to national averages. There is a paucity of research examining the relationship between breastfeeding and subsequent childhood CVD risk factors, an issue of particular relevance in WV. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2018 5;9:1125. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a fatal disease and ranked fifth in cancer related mortality. Persistent activation of NF-κB is responsible for the oncogenesis, metastasis, tumor evasion, anti-apoptosis, angiogenesis and proliferation in HCC. Therefore, designing of chemically novel, biologically potent small molecules that target NF-κB signaling cascade have gained prominent clinical interest. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 Nov 19;18(1):360. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Pediatrics, Sakai City Medical Center, 1-1-1 Ebaraji-Cho, Nishi-Ku, Sakai City, Osaka, 593-8304, Japan.

Background: Gallbladder agenesis is a rare congenital malformation. More than 50% of cases are isolated and asymptomatic. These asymptomatic patients are principally healthy and need no interventions. Read More

Lipids Health Dis 2018 Nov 14;17(1):257. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar-Jarib Ave, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) is considered as a valuable predictor for dyslipidemia and subclinical atherosclerosis which can be an appropriate index for identifying individuals with metabolic syndrome (MetS).

Objective: To evaluate the association between non-HDL-C MetS and determine the optimal cut-points of non-HDL-C fractions for identifying MetS in Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods: This nationwide study was conducted in the framework of the fifth survey of a national school-based surveillance program on children and adolescents aged 7-18 years. Read More

Chest 2019 Feb 9;155(2):409-416. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

School of Earth, Society, and Environment, Department of Atmospheric Sciences, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL.

Air pollution poses a great environmental risk to health. Outdoor fine particulate matter (particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter < 2.5 μm) exposure is the fifth leading risk factor for death in the world, accounting for 4. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Nov 9;8(1):16662. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Psychiatry, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3811 O'Hara Street, Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Acyclovir (ACV) is an effective antiviral agent for treating lytic Herpes Simplex virus, type 1 (HSV-1) infections, and it has dramatically reduced the mortality rate of herpes simplex encephalitis. However, HSV-1 resistance to ACV and its derivatives is being increasingly documented, particularly among immunocompromised individuals. The burgeoning drug resistance compels the search for a new generation of more efficacious anti-herpetic drugs. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol Pract 2019 Mar 29;7(3):1024-1031.e3. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Division of Immunology, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Mass; Department of Pediatrics, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass. Electronic address:

Background: Acquired cold-induced urticaria (ACU) has not been well evaluated in pediatrics.

Objective: To further evaluate the presentation of ACU in children and associated risk of anaphylaxis.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed in children 18 years or younger diagnosed with ACU at Boston Children's Hospital (US, Northeast) from 1996 to 2017. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2018 Dec 31;118(8):1237-1242. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Plastic Surgery, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Background: Gastric cancer is the fifth most common cancer in Eastern Africa. Diagnostic delays in low-resource countries result in advanced disease presentation. We describe perioperative management of gastric cancer in Rwanda. Read More

Pediatr Crit Care Med 2019 Jan;20(1):54-61

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Charlotte R. Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD.

Objectives: To review important articles on pain, sedation, sleep, and delirium in the field of pediatric critical care published subsequent to the fifth edition of the Rogers' Textbook of Pediatric Critical Care.

Data Sources: The U.S. Read More

Pediatr Gastroenterol Hepatol Nutr 2018 Oct 10;21(4):219-233. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Gyeongsang National Institute of Health Sciences, Gyeongsang National University College of Medicine, Jinju, Korea.

plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic gastritis, peptic ulcer disease, gastric cancer, and gastric mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma. In Korea, the guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of infection in adults were revised in 2013. The European Helicobacter and Microbiota Study Group and Consensus panel released the fifth edition of the Maastricht Consensus Report for the management of infection in 2015, and the European Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition and the North American Society of Paediatric Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition released the updated joint guidelines for children and adolescents in 2016. Read More

Transfusion 2018 11 12;58(11):2712-2719. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: The incidence of immune thrombocytopenia (ITP) is not well known in Asians. The aims of this study were to survey incidences and clinical features of ITP in Taiwan.

Study Design And Methods: This study identified 4855 incident ITP cases from the population-based National Health Insurance Research Database from mid-2006 to mid-2013, and compared incidences, patient characteristics, and clinical manifestations of ITP by age. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2018 Dec 10;176(12):2924-2929. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, Neuroscience Program, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

This report summarizes and highlights the fifth International RASopathies Symposium: When Development and Cancer Intersect, held in Orlando, Florida in July 2017. The RASopathies comprise a recognizable pattern of malformation syndromes that are caused by germ line mutations in genes that encode components of the RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway. Because of their common underlying pathogenetic etiology, there is significant overlap in their phenotypic features, which includes craniofacial dysmorphology, cardiac, cutaneous, musculoskeletal, gastrointestinal and ocular abnormalities, neurological and neurocognitive issues, and a predisposition to cancer. Read More

J Neurosci Rural Pract 2018 Oct-Dec;9(4):504-509

Department of Pediatrics, B J Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Background: Hemiplegia/hemiparesis denotes the weakness of one side of the body. In contrast to adults, hemiparesis in children occurs secondary to a variety of etiological conditions.

Aims: The aim of this study was to assess the clinical, laboratory, and radiological features of children with acquired hemiparesis/hemiplegia of nontraumatic origin and intended to find its underlying etiology in the Indian children. Read More

Genet Med 2018 Sep 25. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Genetics, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Centre, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: Genetic testing in pediatric cholestasis can be very informative but genetic causes have not been fully characterized.

Methods: Exome sequencing and positional mapping in seven families with cholestatic liver disease and negative clinical testing for known disease genes.

Results: KIF12, which encodes a microtubule motor protein with a tentative role in cell polarity, was found to harbor three homozygous likely deleterious variants in three families with sclerosing cholangitis. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Nov 19;35(6):e341-e344. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Dermatology Service, Hospital Ramos Mejía, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Parvovirus B19 is a DNA virus of the Parvoviridae family. We present four children with unusual exanthems associated with parvovirus infection: a purpuric periflexural pattern, a purpuric vasculitic pattern, and a combination of the two. Read More

Case Rep Pediatr 2018 26;2018:3514645. Epub 2018 Aug 26.

Infection and Inflammation and Rheumatology Section, University College London Great Ormond Street Institute of Child Health, 30 Guilford Street, London WC1 E1H, UK.

Mevalonate kinase deficiency (MKD) is a severe autoinflammatory disease caused by recessive mutations in MVK resulting in reduced function of the enzyme mevalonate kinase, involved in the cholesterol/isoprenoid pathway. MKD presents with periodic episodes of severe systemic inflammation, poor quality of life, and life-threatening sequelae if inadequately treated. We report the case of a 12-year-old girl with MKD and severe autoinflammation that was resistant to IL-1 and TNF- blockade. Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2018 Aug 28. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Child Growth and Development Research Center, Research Institute for Primordial Prevention of Non-communicable Disease, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Hezar Jarib Ave, Azadi Squre, Isfahan, 73461-81746, Iran.

Purpose: Few studies have assessed the relationship between meal skipping with subjective health complaints in children and adolescents. The aim of our study was to determine the association between meal skipping and subjective health complaints in this population.

Methods: A total of 14,400 students aged 7-18 years were selected using multistage stratified cluster sampling method from 30 provinces of Iran. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2018 Oct 22;371(2):322-329. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

Department of Otolaryngology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address:

Tight junctions (TJs) alteration is commonly seen in airway inflammatory diseases. Oncostatin M (OSM) is an inflammatory mediator associated with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP). We have previously shown that human nasal epithelial cells (hNECs) are highly permissive cells for influenza A virus (IAV). Read More

PLoS Genet 2018 08 13;14(8):e1007532. Epub 2018 Aug 13.

Division of Human Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, and The Perelman School of Medicine at The University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States of America.

Biliary atresia (BA) is a rare pediatric cholangiopathy characterized by fibrosclerosing obliteration of the extrahepatic bile ducts, leading to cholestasis, fibrosis, cirrhosis, and eventual liver failure. The etiology of BA remains unknown, although environmental, inflammatory, infectious, and genetic risk factors have been proposed. We performed a genome-wide association study (GWAS) in a European-American cohort of 343 isolated BA patients and 1716 controls to identify genetic loci associated with BA. Read More

N Engl J Med 2018 Aug;379(6):535-546

From the Department of Pediatrics (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., P.S.S., L.G.P., H.Q.) and the Dalla Lana School of Public Health (A.R.W.), University of Toronto, and the Centre for Global Child Health (D.E.R., S.K.M., S.Z., E.P., J.K., J. Shi, R.W., L.G.P., H.Q.), the Department of Diagnostic Imaging (J. Stimec), and the Ontario Child Health Support Unit (A.R.W.), Hospital for Sick Children, and the Departments of Pediatrics (P.S.S.), and Obstetrics and Gynecology (K.E.M.), Mt. Sinai Hospital - all in Toronto; the Department of Nutritional Sciences, Penn State University, University Park, PA (A.D.G.); and the Maternal and Child Health Training Institute (I.J.) and the Nutrition and Clinical Services Division, International Center for Diarrheal Disease Research, Bangladesh (T.A., S.S.S., M.M.I., F.K.K., M.M., Q.S.R., A.A.M.), Dhaka, Bangladesh.

Background: It is unclear whether maternal vitamin D supplementation during pregnancy and lactation improves fetal and infant growth in regions where vitamin D deficiency is common.

Methods: We conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in Bangladesh to assess the effects of weekly prenatal vitamin D supplementation (from 17 to 24 weeks of gestation until birth) and postpartum vitamin D supplementation on the primary outcome of infants' length-for-age z scores at 1 year according to World Health Organization (WHO) child growth standards. One group received neither prenatal nor postpartum vitamin D (placebo group). Read More

Transfus Apher Sci 2018 Oct 1;57(5):646-650. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Department of Transfusion Medicine, Government Medical College and Hospital, Chandigarh, India.

Objectives: The present study was aimed to find out the prevalence of parvovirus B19  amongst healthy blood donors and blood transfusion recipients so as to determine the feasibility of providing seronegative blood components to vulnerable recipients.

Methods: A total of 1000 samples were studied which included 800 blood donors and 200 transfusion recipients.The transfusion recipients included 100 multitransfused patients and 100 non transfused controls. Read More

Curr Infect Dis Rep 2018 Aug 1;20(10):38. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Paediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: Zoonotic influenza viruses are those influenza viruses that cross the animal-human barrier and can cause disease in humans, manifesting from minor respiratory illnesses to multiorgan dysfunction. The increasing incidence of infections caused by these viruses worldwide has necessitated focused attention to improve both diagnostic as well as treatment modalities. In this second part of a two-part review, we discuss the clinical features, diagnostic modalities, and treatment of zoonotic influenza, and provide an overview of prevention strategies. Read More

Curr Infect Dis Rep 2018 Aug 1;20(10):37. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Public Health Ontario Laboratory, 661 University Avenue, Suite 1701, Toronto, ON, M5G 1M1, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: Zoonotic influenza viruses are those that cross the animal-human barrier and can cause disease in humans, manifesting from minor respiratory illnesses to multiorgan dysfunction. They have also been implicated in the causation of deadly pandemics in recent history. The increasing incidence of infections caused by these viruses worldwide has necessitated focused attention to improve both diagnostic as well as treatment modalities. Read More

PLoS One 2018 1;13(8):e0200897. Epub 2018 Aug 1.

Pediatrics and Biochemistry, Saint Louis University, and Cardinal Glennon Children's Medical Center, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America.

Alpha-1 Antitrypsin (α1AT) Deficiency is a genetic disease in which accumulation of α1AT mutant Z (α1ATZ) protein in the ER of hepatocytes causes chronic liver injury, liver fibrosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. No effective medical therapy is currently available for the disease. We previously found that norUDCA improves the α1AT deficiency associated liver disease by promoting autophagic degradation of α1ATZ protein in liver in a mouse model of the disease. Read More

Indian J Med Res 2018 04;147(4):391-399

Sri Sakthi Amma Institute of Biomedical Research, Sri Narayani Hospital & Research Centre, Vellore, India.

Background & Objectives: Human parvovirus B19V (B19V) is known to be associated with erythema infectiosum commonly in children, aplastic crisis, especially in persons with underlying haemolytic disorders, hydrops fetalis in pregnancies and arthritis. This cross-sectional study was aimed to determine the presence of B19V infection in childhood febrile illnesses, association of B19V with arthropathies and in adult patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) on dialysis. The genetic diversity among the sequences was also analysed. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2018 07 2;115(29):7557-7562. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Center for Pathogen Evolution, Department of Zoology, University of Cambridge, CB2 3EJ Cambridge, United Kingdom;

Human parvovirus B19 (B19V) is a ubiquitous human pathogen associated with a number of conditions, such as fifth disease in children and arthritis and arthralgias in adults. B19V is thought to evolve exceptionally rapidly among DNA viruses, with substitution rates previously estimated to be closer to those typical of RNA viruses. On the basis of genetic sequences up to ∼70 years of age, the most recent common ancestor of all B19V has been dated to the early 1800s, and it has been suggested that genotype 1, the most common B19V genotype, only started circulating in the 1960s. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Sep 2;35(5):588-596. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Department of Dermatology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.

Background/objectives: Despite rising skin cancer rates in children, multiple studies reveal inadequate youth sun-protective behavior (eg, sunscreen use). Using Healthy Passages data for fifth-graders, we set out to determine sunscreen adherence in these children and investigated factors related to sunscreen performance.

Methods: Survey data were collected from 5119 fifth-graders and their primary caregivers. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 11 21;202:327-327.e1. Epub 2018 Jun 21.

Department of Postgraduate Education and Training National Center for Child Health and Development Tokyo, Japan.

PeerJ 2018 14;6:e4942. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

A robust and accurate gene expression signature is essential to assist oncologists to determine which subset of patients at similar Tumor-Lymph Node-Metastasis (TNM) stage has high recurrence risk and could benefit from adjuvant therapies. Here we applied a two-step supervised machine-learning method and established a 12-gene expression signature to precisely predict colon adenocarcinoma (COAD) prognosis by using COAD RNA-seq transcriptome data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The predictive performance of the 12-gene signature was validated with two independent gene expression microarray datasets: GSE39582 includes 566 COAD cases for the development of six molecular subtypes with distinct clinical, molecular and survival characteristics; GSE17538 is a dataset containing 232 colon cancer patients for the generation of a metastasis gene expression profile to predict recurrence and death in COAD patients. Read More

J Nutr 2018 Jun;148(suppl_1):1001S-1067S

Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institutes of Health (NIH).

This is the fifth in the series of reviews developed as part of the Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) program. The BOND Iron Expert Panel (I-EP) reviewed the extant knowledge regarding iron biology, public health implications, and the relative usefulness of currently available biomarkers of iron status from deficiency to overload. Approaches to assessing intake, including bioavailability, are also covered. Read More

BMC Cardiovasc Disord 2018 06 4;18(1):109. Epub 2018 Jun 4.

Chronic Diseases Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Population Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background: In the present study, the association of the cardio-metabolic risk factors and the status of single-child family were studied in a national representative sample of Iranian children and adolescents.

Methods: This cross sectional study was conducted as the fifth round of "Childhood and Adolescence Surveillance and PreventIon of Adult Non- communicable disease" surveys. The students' questionnaire was derived from the World Health Organization-Global School Student Health Survey. Read More

Pediatrics 2018 06;141(6)

Department of Pediatrics, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.

Parvovirus B19 (PB19) is an important human pathogen that results in a wide spectrum of clinical outcomes, from mild, self-limiting erythema infectiosum in immunocompetent children and arthralgia in adults to lethal cytopenia in immunocompromised patients and intrauterine fetal death. However, there have been few reports of PB19 infection in neonates or young infants (aged 28-90 days), and no previous reports contained descriptions of PB19 infection as a cause of sepsislike syndrome in this age group. We report a case of sepsislike syndrome caused by PB19 infection in a 56-day-old infant whose mother had polyarthralgia at the time of his admission. Read More

BMC Ear Nose Throat Disord 2018 24;18. Epub 2018 May 24.

3School of Nursing and Midwifery, Department of Pediatric Nursing, College of Health and Medical Sciences, Haramaya University, P.O.BOX, 235 Harar, Ethiopia.

Background: Otitis media is inflammation of the middle ear and tympanic membrane, which often occurs after an acute upper respiratory tract infection. It is the most common episode of infection in children and the second most important cause of hearing loss affecting 1.23 billion people, thus ranked fifth global burden of disease with a higher incidence in sub-Saharan Africa. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials 2018 Aug 23;71:18-32. Epub 2018 May 23.

Division of Adolescent and Young Adult Medicine, Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC, Department of Pediatrics, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 3420 Fifth Ave, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.

Violence against women and girls is an important global health concern. Numerous health organizations highlight engaging men and boys in preventing violence against women as a potentially impactful public health prevention strategy. Adapted from an international setting for use in the US, "Manhood 2. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2018 Nov;52(5):569-576

Women's Health and Perinatology Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT - The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Objective: To explore the outcome of fetuses affected by congenital parvovirus B19 (PB19) infection, with or without signs of hydrops on ultrasound.

Methods: PubMed, EMBASE and CINAHL databases were searched for studies reporting on prenatal diagnosis and outcome of fetal PB19 infection. The outcomes explored were miscarriage, perinatal death (PND), intrauterine death, neonatal death, spontaneous resolution of hydrops or fetal anemia, need for intrauterine transfusion (IUT), resolution of hydrops or anemia after transfusion, fetal loss following transfusion, abnormal brain scan after birth and abnormal neurodevelopmental outcome. Read More