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Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):106-114

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: Previous studies have shown that neurologic symptoms are dominant in patients with mitochondrial diseases, and most of these patients have seizure-related disorders. The epileptic classification of these patients as Lennox-Gastaut syndrome (LGS) is as high as 25%. This study aimed to investigate the clinical manifestations, diagnoses, treatments, and epilepsy in LGS, which is associated with mitochondrial disease. Read More

Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):98-105

Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: The disease entity mitochondrial encephalomyopathy, lactic acidosis, and stroke-like episodes (MELAS) is characterized by an early onset of stroke-like episodes. MELAS is the most dominant subtype of mitochondrial disease. Molecular genetic testing is important in the diagnosis of MELAS. Read More

Yonsei Med J 2019 Jan;60(1):56-64

Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Severance Cardiovascular Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: Details on the hemodynamic differences among Fontan operations remain unclear according to respiratory and cardiac cycles. This study was undertaken to investigate hemodynamic characteristics in different types of Fontan circulation by quantification of blood flow with the combined influence of cardiac and respiratory cycles.

Materials And Methods: Thirty-five patients [10 atriopulmonary connections (APC), 13 lateral tunnels (LT), and 12 extracardiac conduits (ECC)] were evaluated, and parameters were measured in the superior vena cava, inferior vena cava (IVC), hepatic vein (HV), baffles, conduits, and left and right pulmonary artery. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Telethon Kids Institute, Centre for Child Health Research, The University of Western Australia, PO Box 855, West Perth, Western Australia, 6872, Australia.

The largest group of recipients of pediatric gastrostomy have neurological impairment with intellectual disability (ID). This study investigated trends in first gastrostomy insertion according to markers of disadvantage and ID etiology. Linked administrative and health data collected over a 32-year study period (1983-2014) for children with ID born between 1983 and 2009 in Western Australia were examined. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Pediatrics, Edmonton Clinic Health Academy, University of Alberta, 11405 - 87 Ave, Edmonton, AB, T6G 1C9, Canada.

Background: Clinicians often use information about developmental outcomes in decision-making around offering complex, life-saving interventions in children such as dialysis and renal transplant. This information in children with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) is limited, particularly when ESRD onset is in infancy or early childhood.

Methods: Using data from an ongoing prospective, longitudinal, inception cohort study of children with renal transplant before 5 years of age, we evaluated (1) the risk of adverse neurocognitive and functional outcomes at 5 years of age and (2) predictors of developmental outcomes. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Rangos Research Center, UPMC Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, USA.

The mammalian kidney is a complex organ that has several metabolically active cell types to aid in waste filtration, salt-water balance, and electrolyte homeostasis in the body. These functions are done primarily through the nephron, which relies on strict regulation of various metabolic pathways. Any deviations in the metabolic profile of nephrons or their precursor cells called nephron progenitors can lead to renal pathologies and abnormal development. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Division of Pediatric Immunology and Allergy, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.

Propose: Allergic rhinitis (AR) is a very common, chronic and global health problem. In the last two decades, the efficiency of barrier-enforcing measures in AR has been investigated. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the effect of allergen-blocker mechanical barrier gel (MBG) (AlerjiSTOP) treatment on symptoms and quality of life score (QoLS) in patients with seasonal and perennial allergic rhinitis. Read More

Ann Ig 2019 Jan-Feb;31(1):3-12

Medical Direction, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, Rome, Italy.

Background: Antimicrobial stewardship programs and comprehensive infection control programs represent the main strategies to limit the emergence and transmission of multi-drug resistant bacteria in hospital settings. The purpose of this study was to describe strategies implemented in Italian children's hospitals for controlling antibiotic resistance.

Study Design: Cross sectional multicenter study. Read More

Nephron 2018 Dec 14;141(2):1-14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Development and Regeneration, Organ Systems Cluster, KU Leuven, Leuven,

Mutations in the CTNS gene encoding the lysosomal membrane cystine transporter cystinosin are the cause of cystinosis, an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disease. More than 140 CTNS mutations have been reported worldwide. Recent studies have discovered that cystinosin exerts other key cellular functions beyond cystine transport such as regulation of oxidative state, lysosomal dynamics and autophagy. Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2018 Dec 14:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

OBJECTIVEThe goal of this study was to determine the rates of screening and surgery for foramen magnum stenosis in children with achondroplasia in a large, privately insured healthcare network.METHODSRates of screening and surgery for foramen magnum stenosis in children with achondroplasia were determined using de-identified insurance claims data from a large, privately insured healthcare network of over 58 million beneficiaries across the United States between 2001 and 2014. Cases of achondroplasia and screening and surgery claims were identified using a combination of International Classification of Diseases diagnosis codes and Current Procedural Terminology codes. Read More

Postgrad Med J 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Purpose: To characterise determinants of resident maternity leave and their effect on maternal and infant well-being. Among non-parents, to identify factors that influence the decision to delay childbearing STUDY DESIGN: In 2016, a survey was sent to female residents at a large academic medical centre on their experiences with maternity leave, the impact of personal and programme factors on length of leave, reasons for delaying childbearing and measures of well-being.

Results: Forty-four percent (214/481) of residents responded. Read More

Arch Dis Child 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Charles Perkins Centre and Susan Wakil School of Nursing and Midwifery, Sydney Nursing School, University of Sydney, Camperdown, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective: Inconsistencies have been reported in health-related quality of life (HRQOL) in postoperative congenital heart disease (CHD). Despite the need for lifelong care due for residual symptoms, only a few studies have explored cardiac-related HRQOL but none in lower middle-income countries (LMIC). This study therefore addresses the gap by exploring HRQOL and its associated predictors in postoperative CHD in Pakistan. Read More

Early Hum Dev 2018 Dec 13;128:69-76. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Family and Community Medicine, School of Medicine, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, United States of America.

Background: While use of prescription opioids and medication assisted therapy (MAT) for opioid use disorder in pregnancy, as well as the incidence of neonatal opioid withdrawal syndrome (NOWS) continue to rise, little is known about outcomes for children with NOWS beyond the newborn period.

Methods: We examined 1) prenatal MAT exposure vs. unexposed healthy controls [HC]; and 2) treatment for NOWS and NOWS severity on infant neurodevelopmental and behavioral outcomes at 5-8 months of age in 78 maternal-infant pairs from the ENRICH prospective cohort study. Read More

Gene 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

National Center for Cancer Care and Research (NCCCR), HMC, Doha, Qatar.

Clinical Exome Sequencing (CES) has increasingly become a popular diagnostic tool in patients suffering from genetic disorders that are clinically and genetically complicated. Myeloproliferative Neoplasms (MPNs) is an example of a heterogeneous disorder. In Qatar, familial cases of MPNs are more frequently seen than described in the literature. Read More

JACC Heart Fail 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Cardiology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York.

Advanced imaging modalities provide essential anatomic and spatial information in patients with complex heart disease. Two-dimensional imaging can be limited in the extent to which true 3-dimensional (3D) relationships are represented. The application of 3D printing technology has increased the creation of physical models that overcomes the limitations of a 2D screen. Read More

Appetite 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, United States. Electronic address:

Background: Home food environments (HFE) of children impact dietary intake, though relatively few studies have focused on young children from backgrounds with socioeconomic and racial-ethnic diversity. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the HFE and child dietary intake of preschool-aged children from rural and low-income, culturally diverse families.

Methods: Children (aged 2-5 years) and their primary caregivers (n = 164 parent-child dyads) participated in this study using a cross-sectional design. Read More

Clin Microbiol Infect 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Pediatrics, West China Second University Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China; Key Laboratory of Obstetric & Gynecologic and Pediatric Diseases and Birth Defects of Ministry of Education, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Background: Effective diagnostic methods for detecting latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) are important for its eradication. A number of studies have evaluated the use of interferon gamma-induced protein 10 (IP-10), which is elevated after tuberculosis infection, as a biomarker for LTBI, but conclusive results regarding its effectiveness have not been reported.

Objectives: Our objective was to assess the diagnostic value of IP-10 for LTBI. Read More

Cell Mol Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

SickKids Inflammatory Bowel Disease Center and Cell Biology Program, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, Department of Pediatrics, Institute for Medical Science and Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

The rising incidence of paediatric inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), coupled with the efficiency of whole exome sequencing, has led to the identification of Tetratricopeptide Repeat Domain 7A (TTC7A) as a steward of intestinal health. TTC7A-deficiency is an autosomal recessively inherited disease. In five years since the original description more than 50 patients with >20 distinct disease-causing TTC7A mutations have been identified. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Interv 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

The Heart Institute, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio. Electronic address:

Lancet Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Vaccines and Immunity Theme, Medical Research Council Unit The Gambia at the London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, Banjul, The Gambia; Centre of International Child Health, Section of Paediatrics, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, St Mary's Campus, London, UK. Electronic address:

The burden of influenza in Africa is substantial and underappreciated. Although surveillance has increased, the medical community's understanding of seasonal influenza vaccine performance remains limited. We did a systematic review, using PRISMA guidelines (PROSPERO CRD42017058107), on the efficacy, effectiveness, and immunogenicity of influenza vaccines in populations within Africa with the aim of identifying key data gaps to help direct future research. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Pediatrics (Cardiology), University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas; Department of Radiology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Children's Medical Center Dallas, Dallas, Texas.

Paediatr Respir Rev 2018 Nov 24. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Department of Pediatrics, S. Orsola-Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Via Massarenti 11, 40138 Bologna, Italy. Electronic address:

People with Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), develop a respiratory muscle weakness that results in weakened cough, airway clearance impairment and over time respiratory failure and death. Assessment of cough effectiveness through vital capacity, peak cough flow and maximal inspiratory and expiratory pressures has been used to identify the optimal timing of cough augmentation techniques initiation. The choice of therapies depends on physician knowledge, and patient/care giver abilities. Read More

J Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2018 Nov 15. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Pediatrics and Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC. Electronic address:

Pediatr Neurol 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department of Pediatrics, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.

J Pediatr 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Department of Mental Retardation and Birth Defect Research, National Institute of Neuroscience, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry, Tokyo, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate the soluble form of lectin-like oxidized low-density lipoprotein receptor-1 (sLOX-1) as a biomarker of severity staging and prognosis in neonatal hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE).

Study Design: We performed an observational study enrolling 27 infants with HIE and 45 control infants of gestational age ≥36 weeks and birth weight ≥1800 g. The HIE criteria were pH ≤7. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Pediatrics University at Buffalo Buffalo, New York. Electronic address:

Cancer Genet 2018 Dec 28;228-229:110-114. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Department of Pediatrics, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Av. Bandeirantes 3900, Bairro Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, SP CEP 14040-900, Brazil.

We present a case of an infant who developed pro-B acute lymphoblastic leukemia with a rare and complex MLL-translocation. Cytogenetic analysis of bone marrow cells at diagnosis showed a 46,XY,t(X;11)(p11.2;q23)[13]/46,XY[7] karyotype. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea; Single Cell Network Research Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Suwon, 16419, South Korea; Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea. Electronic address:

B23, also known as nucleophosmin (NPM), is multifunctional protein directly implicated in cell proliferation, cell cycle progression, and cell survival. In the current study, in addition to confirming its anti-apoptotic function in neuronal survival, we demonstrated that the spatial-temporal expression profile of B23 during development of hippocampal neurons is high in the embryonic stage, down-regulated after birth, and preferentially localized at the tips of growing neuritis and branching points. Overexpression of B23 promotes axon growth with abundant branching points in growing hippocampal neurons, but depletion of B23 impairs axon growth, leading to neuronal death. Read More

Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Academy of Orthopedics, The Third Affiliated Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510630, China. Electronic address:

Osteoclasts play an important role in bone remodeling. The inflammatory cytokine IL-17A could modulate the RANKL-induced osteoclastogenesis by regulating the autophagic activity. It is well accepted that protective autophagy has an anti-apoptotic effect. Read More

Am J Pathol 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Pediatrics, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas; School of Dentistry, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.

Cartilage oligomeric matrix protein (COMP) is a large, multifunctional extracellular protein that, when mutated, is retained in the rough endoplasmic reticulum (ER). This retention elicits ER stress, inflammation, and oxidative stress, resulting in dysfunction and death of growth plate chondrocytes. While identifying the cellular pathologic mechanisms underlying the murine mutant (MT)-COMP model of pseudoachondroplasia, increased midline-1 (MID1) expression and mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) signaling was found. Read More

BMC Neurol 2018 Dec 15;18(1):207. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Medical Biology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, 06100 Sihhiye, Ankara, Turkey.

Background: Alpha-dystroglycan (αDG) is an extracellular peripheral glycoprotein that acts as a receptor for both extracellular matrix proteins containing laminin globular domains and certain arenaviruses. An important enzyme, known as Like-acetylglucosaminyltransferase (LARGE), has been shown to transfer repeating units of -glucuronic acid-β1,3-xylose-α1,3- (matriglycan) to αDG that is required for functional receptor as an extracellular matrix protein scaffold. The reduction in the amount of LARGE-dependent matriglycan result in heterogeneous forms of dystroglycanopathy that is associated with hypoglycosylation of αDG and a consequent lack of ligand-binding activity. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2018 Dec 15;18(1):388. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA.

Background: There have been few studies focused on the prevalence, bacterial etiology, antibiotic resistance, and genetic background of Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) in children with acute otitis media (AOM) in China.

Methods: A retrospective study was conducted in Liuzhou Maternity and Child Healthcare Hospital. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York.

Objective:  To evaluate outcomes with expectant management of preterm prelabor rupture of membranes (PROM) until 35 weeks versus immediate delivery at ≥34 weeks.

Study Design:  This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of singletons with preterm PROM at >20 weeks from 2011 through 2017. Groups were defined as expectant management until 35 weeks versus immediate delivery at ≥34 weeks. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Pediatrics, Neonatal Division, McGill University Health Center, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.

Objective:  To determine the rate of therapeutic hypothermia (TH) use, current practices, and long-term follow-up.

Study Design:  Prospective cross-sectional national survey with 19 questions related to the assessment of hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and TH practices. An online questionnaire was made available to health care professionals working in neonatal care in Brazil. Read More

Chemosphere 2018 Dec 4;219:567-573. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Departmentof Environmental Health Sciences, Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, 722 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Humans are ubiquitously exposed to flame retardants, including organophosphate esters (OPEs), through direct contact with consumer products or exposure through household dust. Children are at increased risk because of their proximity to dust, hand-to-mouth activity, and the importance of childhood as a critical period in neurodevelopment.

Objectives: To quantify differences in exposure levels between mothers and children (three to six years of age), we analyzed urinary metabolites of OPEs. Read More

Sleep Med Rev 2018 Nov 16;43:106-117. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, New Zealand. Electronic address:

This review aimed to better understand the underlying physiology of the risks and benefits of bed-sharing. Eight databases were searched using terms relating to adult-infant/baby, bed-sharing/co-sleeping combined with outcome terms for physiology, sleep, cardiovascular, respiratory, temperature and behaviour. Of 836 papers identified, 59 papers representing 48 cohorts met inclusion criteria. Read More

Neuroimage 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Health Sciences and Technology, SAIHST, Sungkyunkwan University, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Radiology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Center for Neuroscience Imaging Research, Institute for Basic Science (IBS), Suwon, South Korea; Animal Research and Molecular Imaging, Samsung Biomedical Research Institute, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, 06351, South Korea; Department of Global Biomedical Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea. Electronic address:

Neuroplasticity is considered essential for recovery from brain injury in developing brains. Recent studies indicate that it is especially effective during early postnatal development and during the critical period. The current study used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) and local field potential (LFP) electrophysiological recordings in rats that experienced neonatal hypoxic-ischemic (HI) injury during the critical period to demonstrate that physical exercise (PE) can improve cortical plasticity even when performed during adulthood, after the critical period. Read More

Neuroimage 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Fetal Neonatal Neuroimaging and Developmental Science Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA; Division of Newborn Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, 02115, USA. Electronic address:

Accurate parcellation and labeling of primary cortical sulci in the human fetal brain is useful for regional analysis of brain development. However, human fetal brains show large spatio-temporal changes in brain size, cortical folding patterns, and relative position/size of cortical regions, making accurate automatic sulcal labeling challenging. Here, we introduce a novel sulcal labeling method for the fetal brain using spatio-temporal gyrification information from multiple fetal templates. Read More

Ann Allergy Asthma Immunol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

The University of Chicago, Department of Pediatrics and Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, United States. Electronic address:

Gene 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Aier School of Ophthalmology, Central South University, Tianxin District, Changsha, Hunan Province 410015, China; WuhanAier Eye Hospital, Aier Eye Hospital Group, Wuchuan District, Wuhan, Hubei Province 430063, China. Electronic address:

Aims: To diagnose a Chinese family with inherited ectopia lentis in a genetic method and analyze the genotype-phenotype correlation.

Methods: The phenotype of each family member was identified by detailed clinical examination. We used targeted next generation sequencing (NGS) to identify mutations in FBN1 in an efficient and accurate way. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Medicine, the University of California, San Francisco, School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Purpose: To evaluate the relationships among age-related macular degeneration (AMD), mortality, and biomarkers of systemic inflammation in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS).

Design: Case control study.

Participants: Participants with intermediate-stage AMD at enrollment in the Longitudinal Study of the Ocular Complications of AIDS (LSOCA) and 2:1 controls matched for age and gender. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

University of Rochester School of Medicine, Rochester, NY, USA.

Choledochal cysts (CDCs) and biliary atresia (BA) are rare pediatric hepatobiliary anomalies that require surgical intervention due to increased risk of malignancy and liver failure, respectively. The underlying disease and operative procedures place patients at risk for long-term complications, which may continue to affect them into adulthood. Lack of a transitional care model in the health care system potentiates the challenges they will face following aging out of their pediatric providers' care. Read More

Diabet Med 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Paediatrics, Midland Regional Hospital, Mullingar, Co. Westmeath.

We read with interest the study by Candler et al. [1], evaluating the incidence of paediatric Type 2 diabetes mellitus in the UK and Republic of Ireland. They identified an overall incidence in UK children of 0. Read More

J Comp Neurol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.

Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA.

Cortical proliferative zones have been studied for over 100 years, yet recent data has revealed that microglial cells constitute a sizeable proportion of ventricular zone cells during late stages of cortical neurogenesis. Microglia begin colonizing the forebrain after neural tube closure and during later stages of neurogenesis populate regions of the developing cortex that include the proliferative zones. We previously showed that microglia regulate the production of cortical cells by phagocytosing neural precursor cells (NPCs), but how microglia interact with NPCs remains poorly understood. Read More

J Ultrasound 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Radiology Department, "Santobono-Pausilipon" Children Hospital, Naples, Italy.

Nowadays, cranial ultrasonography (US) of the newborn represents the first imaging method in brain damage study and its possible outcomes. This exam is performed using the natural fontanelles, especially the anterior one. It is fast, non-invasive and does not produce any side effect. Read More

Can J Anaesth 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Departments of Anesthesiology and Surgery, Division of Ambulatory Surgery, Vanderbilt Anesthesia Global Health& Development, Vanderbilt Institute for Global Health, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine and Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.

Biol Trace Elem Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, 130021, China.

Homeostasis imbalance of selenium (Se) in diabetes has received great attention. This study investigated serum and urinary Se levels in patients with impaired fasting glucose (IFG), impaired glucose tolerance (IGT), type 1 diabetes (T1D), and type 2 diabetes (T2D) in Northeast Chinese populations. From January 2010 to October 2011, patients with IFG (n = 12), IGT (n = 15), T1D (n = 25), T2D (n = 137), and healthy controls (n = 50) were enrolled in the First Hospital of Jilin University. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Pediatrics, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.

The pathogenesis of autoinflammatory diseases has shed light on the concept of inflammation in general and on our understanding of the role of the innate immune system. The autoinflammatory diseases have a large spectrum with varying features of inflammation. The most common autoinflammatory diseases are those associated with periodic fevers. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Division of Pediatrics, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oviedo, CP 33006, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.

Growth retardation is a major feature of chronic kidney disease (CKD) of onset in infants or children and is associated with increased morbidity and mortality. Several factors have been shown to play a causal role in the growth impairment of CKD. All these factors interfere with growth by disturbing the normal physiology of the growth plate of long bones. Read More

Pediatr Nephrol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Department of Pediatric Nephrology, Hôpital Robert-Debré, APHP, 48 Bd Serurier, 75019, Paris, France.

Background: The optimal therapeutic regimen for children at onset of idiopathic nephrotic syndrome (INS) is still under debate. A better knowledge of the disease's course is necessary to design more appropriate and/or personalized treatment protocols.

Methods: We report the 5-year outcome of patients included from December 2007 to May 2010 in the prospective multicentric and multiethnic population-based NEPHROVIR study. Read More