2,031 results match your criteria Pediatrics Bronchiolitis
J Pediatr 2018 Sep 20. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Objective: To investigate the association between circulating 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] status at admission and disease severity among infants hospitalized for bronchiolitis and to determine whether the association differs by the form of 25(OH)D-total, bioavailable or free 25(OH)D.
Study Design: We conducted a 17-center prospective cohort study of 1016 US infants <12 months old hospitalized with bronchiolitis. Vitamin D status was defined by total 25(OH)D levels, and by calculated levels of bioavailable and free 25(OH)D. Read More
J Allergy Clin Immunol 2018 Sep 18. Epub 2018 Sep 18.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Background: A better understanding of bronchiolitis heterogeneity may help clarify its relationship with the development of recurrent wheezing and asthma.
Objectives: To identify severe bronchiolitis profiles by a clustering approach, and to investigate for the first time their association with allergy/inflammatory biomarkers; nasopharyngeal microbiota; and development of recurrent wheezing by age 3 years.
Methods: We analyzed data from a prospective, 17-center U. Read More
Hosp Pediatr 2018 Sep 20. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Le Bonheur Children's Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee; and.
Background And Objectives: Bronchiolitis is a leading cause of pediatric hospitalizations in the United States. Although the American Academy of Pediatrics recommends against routine use of bronchodilators in bronchiolitis management, racemic epinephrine was persistently used for this purpose at Le Bonheur Children's Hospital. Our aim was to decrease racemic epinephrine use for bronchiolitis by 50% within 8 months. Read More
PLoS One 2018 20;13(9):e0204103. Epub 2018 Sep 20.
Department of Epidemiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Novi Sad, Novi Sad, Serbia.
Background: In an effort to improve the pertussis diagnosis, the Global Pertussis Initiative (GPI) proposed an algorithm of the signs/symptoms of pertussis for three age groups: 0-3 months, 4 months to 9 years, and ≥10 years of age.
Methods: We evaluated the accuracy of the clinical case definitions for pertussis proposed by the GPI using laboratory-confirmed pertussis as a reference standard for four groups: clinically suspected pertussis without comorbidity; asthma exacerbation; allergic constitution, and other diagnoses (bronchitis, bronchiolitis, laryngitis, and tracheitis). We included only patients who fulfilled one or more criteria of clinical case definitions for the age groups (0-3 months, 4 months-9 years, and ≥10 years of age). Read More
Pediatr Qual Saf 2017 Nov-Dec;2(6):e046. Epub 2017 Dec 1.
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Medical Center, NYU Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, N.Y.; State University of New York, Stony Brook School of Medicine, Stony Brook, N.Y.; Department of Pharmacy, NYU Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, N.Y.; Department of Clinical Pharmacy Practice, St. Johns University College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Queens, N.Y.; Department of Biostatistics, NYU Winthrop University Hospital, Mineola, N.Y.
Objective: The increased incidence of multidrug-resistant organisms is associated with increased morbidity, mortality, hospital length of stay, and cost. Estimates show that up to 50% of antimicrobial use is inappropriate. This initiative focuses on inappropriate use of antibiotics in respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) infections. Read More
Complement Ther Med 2018 Oct 24;40:179-184. Epub 2017 Oct 24.
Department of Pediatrics, Fribourg Hospital HFR, Fribourg, Switzerland.
Background: For the pilot phase of an integrative pediatric program, we defined inpatient treatment algorithms for bronchiolitis, asthma and pneumonia, using medications and nursing techniques from anthroposophic medicine (AM). Parents could choose AM treatment as add-on to conventional care.
Material And Methods: To evaluate the 18-month pilot phase, parents of AM users were asked to complete the Client Satisfaction Questionnaire (CSQ-8) and a questionnaire on the AM treatment. Read More
World J Crit Care Med 2018 Sep 7;7(4):46-51. Epub 2018 Sep 7.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Critical Care, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts, Boston, MA 02111, United States.
Aim: To characterize the clinical course and outcomes of nasal intermittent mandatory ventilation (NIMV) use in acute pediatric respiratory failure.
Methods: We identified all patients treated with NIMV in the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) or inpatient general pediatrics between January 2013 and December 2015 at two academic centers. Patients who utilized NIMV with other modes of noninvasive ventilation during the same admission were included. Read More
J Med Case Rep 2018 Sep 12;12(1):258. Epub 2018 Sep 12.
Department of Pediatrics and Allergy, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus is the most common cause of lower respiratory tract infections in infants and young children. While the majority of infants display only mild upper respiratory tract infection or occasionally otitis media, around one-third will develop an infection of the lower respiratory tract, usually bronchiolitis. There is now convincing evidence from a number of cohorts that respiratory syncytial virus is a significant, independent risk factor for later wheezing, at least within the first decade of life. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Sep 11. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Virology Laboratory, Department of Molecular Medicine, Sapienza University, Rome, Italy.
Background: We aimed to study respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) genotype distribution, clinical presentation, and disease severity in infants with bronchiolitis from RSV subtypes and new RSV genotypes.
Methods: We prospectively enrolled previously healthy term infants less than 1 year old hospitalized for bronchiolitis in an Italian university hospital over 12 epidemic seasons. In 312 nasopharyngeal washings positive for RSV, we sequenced the viral genotype and analyzed this according to patient data. Read More
J Virol 2018 Sep 5. Epub 2018 Sep 5.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX.
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is the leading cause of respiratory infection in young children and high-risk adults. However, the specific treatment for this viral infection is not currently available. In this study, we discovered that an exchange protein directly activated by cyclic AMP (EPAC) can serve as a potential therapeutic target for RSV. Read More
Blood 2018 Sep 4. Epub 2018 Sep 4.
Division of Hematology-Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, United States
Chronic GVHD (cGVHD) is a major complication of allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (allo-HCT) and remains an area of unmet clinical need with few treatment options available. Notch blockade prevents acute GVHD in multiple mouse models, but the impact of Notch signaling on cGVHD remains unknown. Using genetic and antibody-mediated strategies of Notch inhibition, we investigated the role of Notch signaling in complementary mouse cGVHD models that mimic several aspects of human cGVHD in search of candidate therapeutics. Read More
Klin Padiatr 2018 Sep 28;230(5):245-250. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Service de Réanimation Pédiatrique et Médecine Néonatale, Hopital Bicetre, Le Kremlin-Bicetre, France.
Background: Acute viral bronchiolitis is a frequent disease in infancy. There is little knowledge on medical care of severely affected infants in different European countries.
Patients: Infants (n=146) with bronchiolitis requiring respiratory support in winter season 2015/2016 treated in either one of two regions in Central Europe: South of greater Paris region in France (group 1) and Ruhr area in Germany (group 2). Read More
Pediatr Allergy Immunol 2018 Aug 28. Epub 2018 Aug 28.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of hospitalization in U.S. infants, among which approximately 15% require intensive care. Read More
Pediatrics 2018 Sep 20;142(3). Epub 2018 Aug 20.
Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, and
Background And Objectives: Early risk stratification of infants with bronchiolitis receiving airway support is critical for focusing appropriate therapies, yet the tools to risk categorize this subpopulation do not exist. Our objective was to identify predictors of "escalated care" in bronchiolitis. We hypothesized there would be a significant association between escalated care and predictors in the emergency department. Read More
Pediatrics 2018 Sep 20;142(3). Epub 2018 Aug 20.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Harvard University, Boston, Massachusetts.
Ann Thorac Med 2018 Jul-Sep;13(3):127-143
College of Medicine, Peadiatric Department, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Bronchiolitis is the leading cause of admissions in children less than two years of age. It has been recognized as highly debated for many decades. Despite the abundance of literature and the well-recognized importance of palivizumab in the high risk groups, and despite the existence of numerous, high-quality, recent guidelines on bronchiolitis, the number of admissions continues to increase. Read More
Turk Pediatri Ars 2018 Jun 1;53(2):63-70. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa School of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.
Respiratory syncytial virus is one of the major causes of respiratory tract infections during infancy with high rates of hospitalization and mortality during the first years of life. It is the most common cause of acute bronchiolitis and viral pneumonia in children below two years of age and second the most common cause of postneonatal infant mortality all around the world following malaria. In addition, the virus has been causally linked to recurrent wheezing and associated with pediatric asthma. Read More
Pediatrics 2018 Sep 16;142(3). Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Department of Pediatrics, College of Medicine, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, Ohio; and.
Pediatrics 2018 Sep 16;142(3). Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Children's Hospital at Dartmouth-Hitchcock, Lebanon, New Hampshire;
: media-1vid110.1542/5799873875001PEDS-VA_2018-1144 BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Meta-analyses of nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) for acute viral bronchiolitis have yielded disparate conclusions. Trial sequential analysis (TSA) is a novel method designed to account for potential sources of error in conventional meta-analysis. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Oct 16;53(10):1429-1435. Epub 2018 Aug 16.
Department of Pediatrics, CHU Clermont-Ferrand and GReD, Université Clermont Auvergne, CNRS UMR 6293, INSERM U1103, Clermont-Ferrand, France.
Introduction: Acute bronchiolitis is a major cause of acute respiratory distress in infants. The soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products (sRAGE) is a biomarker of pulmonary damage processes, with a diagnostic and a prognostic value in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). The RAGE pathway is also implicated in the pathogenesis of other respiratory diseases like asthma, but the value of sRAGE levels in acute bronchiolitis remains under-investigated. Read More
J Paediatr Child Health 2018 Aug 9. Epub 2018 Aug 9.
Discipline of Child and Adolescent Health, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Aim: Bronchiolitis is a common respiratory illness and is a leading cause of hospitalisation in infancy. We aimed to appraise three recent national bronchiolitis guidelines produced by the Australasian Paediatric Research in Emergency Departments International Collaborative, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence in the UK and the American Academy of Pediatrics.
Methods: A group of final-year medical students and one senior clinician used the AGREE II tool to appraise each guideline in two stages. Read More
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res 2018 Sep;10(5):466-477
Department of Pediatrics, Childhood Asthma Atopy Center, Environmental Health Center, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
Background: A US Food and Drug Administration (FDA)-approved drug methacholine chloride (Provocholine®) was recently introduced to Korea where it is now widely used in clinical practice. We aimed to evaluate the prevalence, risk factors and cutoff value of bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) to Provocholine in 7-year-old children.
Methods: Six hundred and thirty-three children from the Panel Study on Korean Children who visited 16 regional hospitals were evaluated. Read More
J Paediatr Child Health 2018 Aug 1. Epub 2018 Aug 1.
Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Centre for Children's Health Research, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.
Aim: In children presenting to an emergency department (ED) with an acute coughing illness, the aims of this study were to: (i) describe the frequency of doctor visits and medication use; and (ii) describe management and relate it to current evidence-based guidelines.
Methods: This was a cross-sectional study in ED of a major teaching hospital (Royal Children's Hospital, Brisbane, Australia). Participants included 537 children (<15 years) presenting with acute (<2 weeks) cough, with a median age of 2. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Sep 30;53(9):1299-1306. Epub 2018 Jul 30.
Department of Pediatrics, Teaching Hospital of the University of Vienna, Wilhelminen Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
Objective: Aim of this study was to analyze whether children with objectively measured second-hand cigarette smoke (SHS) exposure suffer from a more severe course of disease when hospitalized with lower respiratory tract infection (LRTI) due to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV).
Methods: This prospective study was conducted at the Department of Pediatrics, Wilhelminen-Hospital, Vienna, Austria in children aged below 1 year without a history of preceding lung disease and with acute symptoms of LRTI and a positive nasopharyngeal swab for RSV. On admission, urinary cotinine was measured as a marker of recent SHS and clinical severity of LRTI was assessed by oxygen saturation SpO and the "admission clinical severity score" (CSSA). Read More
Med Intensiva 2018 Jul 27. Epub 2018 Jul 27.
Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain; Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.
Purpose: To evaluate the consequences of using nebulized drugs in patients subjected to noninvasive ventilation (NIV) with total face mask (TFM) and helmet.
Design: A descriptive analytical study of a prospective patient cohort was carried out.
Ambit: Pediatric intensive care unit (PICU) of a tertiary hospital. Read More
Acad Pediatr 2018 Jul 24. Epub 2018 Jul 24.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and the Center for Child Health, Behavior, and Development, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA.
Objective: Efforts to decrease hospital revisits often focus on improving access to outpatient follow-up. Our objective was to assess the relationship between perceived access to timely office-based care and subsequent 30-day revisits following hospital discharge for four common respiratory illnesses.
Methods: This was a prospective cohort study of children 2 weeks-16 years admitted to five United States children's hospitals for asthma, bronchiolitis, croup, or pneumonia between 7/2014-6/2016. Read More
Clin Respir J 2018 Jul 25. Epub 2018 Jul 25.
Ege University Faculty of Medicine, Department of Biostatistics and Medical Informatics, Ege University Bornova, 35040, İzmir, Turkey.
Introduction And Objective: Acute bronchiolitis might be associated with morbidity and mortality in infants. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of mean platelet volume (MPV) in the prediction of acute bronchiolitis.
Method: One hundred and eighty four of these infants were diagnosed with acute bronchiolitis and 100 were healthy children. Read More
Matern Child Health J 2018 Jul 19. Epub 2018 Jul 19.
Department of Pediatrics, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
Objectives Viral bronchiolitis is the most common cause of infant hospitalization. Folic acid supplementation is important during the periconceptional period to prevent neural tube defects. An area of investigation is whether higher prenatal folate is a risk factor for childhood respiratory illnesses. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Jul 18. Epub 2018 Jul 18.
Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences - Laboratory Experimental Medicine and Pediatrics, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, Wilrijk, Belgium.
Background: Intrapulmonary percussive ventilation (IPV) is frequently used in clinical practice to enhance sputum evacuation and lung recruitment. However, the evidence in different respiratory pathologies, especially in children, is still lacking. This systematic review aims to enlist the effectiveness of IPV as an airway clearance technique in pediatric patients. Read More
Infect Genet Evol 2018 Jul 16;65:18-27. Epub 2018 Jul 16.
Laboratory of Virology, Beijing Key Laboratory of Etiology of Viral Diseases in Children, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, 2 Yabao Road, Beijing 100020, China. Electronic address:
Background: Emerging human respiratory syncytial virus (HRSV) genotypes, such as ON1 and BA9, are becoming the dominant genotypes prevailing worldwide. Objective To trace the emerging HRSV genotypes in Beijing.
Methods: HRSV-positive specimens as determined by direct immunofluorescence, collected from children diagnosed with bronchiolitis from July 2006 to June 2016, were typed by real-time PCR, then genotyped by phylogenetic analyses of the full attachment glycoprotein (G) gene. Read More
J Paediatr Child Health 2018 Jul 15. Epub 2018 Jul 15.
Children's Emergency Department, Starship Children's Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
Aim: Bronchiolitis is the most common lower respiratory tract disorder in infants aged less than 12 months, and research has demonstrated that there is substantial variation in practice patterns despite treatment being well defined. In order to align and improve the consistency of the management of bronchiolitis, an evidence-based guideline was developed for the Australasian population.
Methods: The guideline development committee included representation from emergency and paediatric specialty medical and nursing personnel in addition to geographical representation across Australia and New Zealand - rural, remote and metropolitan. Read More
Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 Jul 11. Epub 2018 Jul 11.
the Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (KH, LT, CAC) Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Turku University Hospital and University of Turku, Turku, Finland (TJ, LT) Departments of Pediatrics and Medicine, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin, USA (YAB, JEG) Department of Medicine, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA (JMM) Departments of Molecular Virology and Microbiology and Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA (PAP).
In this analysis of two prospective multi-center, multi-year cohorts of children hospitalized for bronchiolitis in the US and Finland, 306 rhinovirus infections were genotyped. Rhinovirus-A and -C species were predominant in the US study while rhinovirus-C species was predominant in the Finland study. In both cohorts, there were no significant between-species differences in clinical characteristics, including acute severity measures. Read More
BMC Pediatr 2018 Jul 6;18(1):218. Epub 2018 Jul 6.
Children's Emergency Department, Starship Children's Hospital, Private Bag 92024, Auckland, 1142, New Zealand.
Background: Bronchiolitis is the most common reason for admission to hospital for infants less than one year of age. Although management is well defined, there is substantial variation in practice, with infants receiving ineffective therapies or management. This study will test the effectiveness of tailored, theory informed knowledge translation (KT) interventions to decrease the use of five clinical therapies or management processes known to be of no benefit, compared to usual dissemination practices in infants with bronchiolitis. Read More
ERJ Open Res 2018 Apr 27;4(2). Epub 2018 Jun 27.
Dept of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
The COPA syndrome is a monogenic, autoimmune lung and joint disorder first identified in 2015. This study sought to define the main pulmonary features of the COPA syndrome in an international cohort of patients, analyse patient responses to treatment and highlight when genetic testing should be considered. We established a cohort of subjects (N=14) with COPA syndrome seen at multiple centres including the University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. Read More
Pediatr Res 2018 Jun 9. Epub 2018 Jun 9.
PEDEGO Research Unit, Medical Research Center Oulu, and Department of Children and Adolescents, University of Oulu, Oulu University Hospital, Oulu, Finland.
Background: Genetic factors associated with bronchiolitis are inadequately characterized. We therefore inspected a selected subpopulation of our previous genome-wide association study (GWAS) of bronchiolitis for overlap with known quantitative trait loci (QTLs) to identify susceptibility loci that potentially affect mRNA and protein levels.
Methods: GWAS included a Finnish-Swedish case-control population (n = 187), matched for age and site. Read More
Blood Res 2018 Jun 25;53(2):145-151. Epub 2018 Jun 25.
Department of Pediatrics, Catholic Hematology Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) is a curative therapy for β-thalassemia major (TM) and sickle cell disease (SCD) in children. Graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) and treatment-related mortality (TRM) remain significant challenges to improving survival after HSCT. Here, we analyzed the outcome of TM and SCD patients, who received allogeneic HSCT with myeloablative conditioning at our institution. Read More
Influenza Other Respir Viruses 2018 Jun 26. Epub 2018 Jun 26.
Chair of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Aim: Study's objective was to identify risk factors associated with bronchiolitis severity.
Methods: A retrospective chart review of all children <2 years old diagnosed with bronchiolitis at the University Medical Centre Ljubljana between May 2014 and April 2015, who were treated as outpatients (paediatric emergency department, PED group) or as inpatients in the standard hospital setting (WARD group) or in the paediatric intensive care unit (PICU group). Detection of respiratory viruses in nasopharyngeal swab was accomplished by RT-PCR. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Sep 26;53(9):1225-1230. Epub 2018 Jun 26.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel.
Objective: To evaluate the association between newborn gender and the risk for later pediatric respiratory morbidity.
Study Design: A population based cohort analysis was performed by comparing the risk of long-term respiratory morbidity (until 18 years of age) according to gender. Respiratory morbidity included hospitalizations involving pneumonia, asthma, bronchitis, bronchiolitis, upper respiratory tract infection (URTI), influenza, and bronchiectasis. Read More
Pediatr Neonatol 2018 Jun 1. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Department of Pediatrics, Taipei City Hospital Ren-Ai Branch, Department of Allergy and Immunology, West Garden Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:
Background: Despite the advance in the understanding of etiology, pathophysiology and diagnosis of atopic dermatitis (AD), its prevalence has increased annually in Taiwan.
Purposes: The purpose of this study is to explore the prevalence, and personal and environmental risk factors of AD.
Methods: A cross-sectional survey was conducted via health centers of elementary schools in Taipei city. Read More
Eur J Pediatr 2018 Jun 18. Epub 2018 Jun 18.
Department of Pediatric Hematology, University of Health Sciences, Kayseri Training and Research Hospital, Kayseri, Turkey.
The effectiveness of using a face mask with a small diffuser for oxygen delivery (OxyMask) was compared to use of a high-flow nasal cannula (HFNC) in patients with moderate or severe bronchiolitis.The study population in this open, phase 4, randomized controlled trial consisted of 60 patients aged 1-24 months diagnosed with moderate or severe bronchiolitis and admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU) for oxygen therapy. The patients were randomized into two groups according to the method of oxygen delivery: a diffuser mask group and an HFNC group. Read More
J Clin Virol 2018 Aug 12;105:84-87. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Oxford Vaccine Group, Department of Paediatrics, University of Oxford, and the NIHR Oxford Biomedical Research Centre, Level 2, Children's Hospital, Oxford, OX3 9DU, United Kingdom. Electronic address:
Background: Viral bronchiolitis is one of the most common causes of hospitalisation in young infants. It has previously been shown that many United Kingdom (UK) hospital Trusts were not compliant with many aspects of the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) bronchiolitis guideline prior to its publication.
Objectives: This study aimed to investigate changes in the management of bronchiolitis by hospital Trusts between 2015 (before NICE guideline publication) and 2017, after publication. Read More
Am J Physiol Heart Circ Physiol 2018 Sep 15;315(3):H581-H589. Epub 2018 Jun 15.
Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Children's Foundation Research Institute, Le Bonheur Children's Hospital , Memphis, Tennessee.
Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been observed in up to 75% of infants with moderate to severe respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis and is associated with significant morbidity and mortality in infants with congenital heart disease. The purpose of the present study was to establish a mouse model of PH secondary to RSV bronchiolitis that mimics the disease etiology as it occurs in infants. Neonatal mice were infected with RSV at 5 days of age and then reinfected 4 wk later. Read More
Pulmonology 2018 Jun 10. Epub 2018 Jun 10.
Department of Obstetrics-Gynecology and Peadiatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; Paediatrics Department, Hospital Pediátrico Integrado, Centro Hospitalar S. João, Alameda Hernâni Monteiro, 4202-451 Porto, Portugal; EpiUnit, Institute of Public Health, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:
Background: Recent studies show contradictory data on the incidence of hospitalizations for acute bronchiolitis (AB) and an escalating increase in public health burden.
Aims And Objectives: We aimed to analyze the population-based admission rate for AB in children under 2 years of age, in Portuguese public hospitals, from 2000 to 2015, to assess trends and regional variations in admission rate; outcomes; associated direct health-care costs; and changes in management after the implementation of national guidelines.
Methods: Retrospective observational study, conducted using a Portuguese administrative database, which contains all registered public hospitalizations in mainland Portugal, and demographic data from the National Statistics Institute. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Aug 12;53(8):1089-1095. Epub 2018 Jun 12.
Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital Research Institute of Manitoba, Manitoba Institute of Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
Aim: This meta-analysis aimed to assess the efficacy of nebulized hypertonic saline (HS) on the rate of hospitalization in infants with acute bronchiolitis in the Emergency Department (ED) setting.
Method: We searched PubMed, Virtual Health Library-BVS and Cochrane CENTRAL from inception until January 31, 2018. We selected randomized trials that compared nebulized HS with normal saline (NS) or standard care in children up to 24 months of age with acute bronchiolitis in the ED setting. Read More
Acta Paediatr 2018 Jun 11. Epub 2018 Jun 11.
Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Medicine, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
Aim: In infants with acute bronchiolitis, the precision of parental disease severity assessment is unclear. We aimed to determine if parental assessment at the time of hospitalisation predicted the use of supportive care, and subsequently determine the likelihood that the infant with acute bronchiolitis would receive supportive care.
Methods: From the Bronchiolitis ALL south-east Norway study, we included all 267, 0-12 month old, infants with acute bronchiolitis whose parents at the time of hospitalisation completed a three-item visual analogue scale (VAS) concerning Activity, Feeding and Illness. Read More
J Pediatr 2018 Sep 7;200:240-248.e1. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Division of General Pediatrics, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.
Objective: To evaluate and compare readmission causes and timing within the first 30 days after hospitalization for 3 acute and 3 chronic common pediatric conditions.
Study Design: Data from the 2013 to 2014 Nationwide Readmissions Database were used to examine the daily percentage of readmissions occurring on days 1-30 and the leading causes of readmission after hospitalization for 3 acute (appendicitis, bronchiolitis/croup, and gastroenteritis) and 3 chronic (asthma, epilepsy, and sickle cell) conditions for patients aged 1-17 years (n = 2 753 488). Data were analyzed using Cox proportional hazards regression. Read More
Hosp Pediatr 2018 Jul 7;8(7):426-429. Epub 2018 Jun 7.
Section of Critical Care, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Anschutz Medical Campus and Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, Colorado.
Objectives: Noninvasive positive pressure ventilation (NIPPV) is increasingly used in critically ill pediatric patients, despite limited data on safety and efficacy. Administrative data may be a good resource for observational studies. Therefore, we sought to assess the performance of the procedure code for NIPPV. Read More
Maedica (Buchar) 2018 Mar;13(1):21-24
Department of Pediatrics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
One of the causes of infants' hospitalizations is bronchiolitis, while different viral agents could be causative agents. As there is little information regarding the common agents of bronchiolitis in Iranian infants, we designed this study to determine which agents were responsible for hospitalization due to bronchiolitis among infants in an Iranian tertiary center. Two hundred and three infants with bronchiolitis who were hospitalized in Bahrami hospital were enrolled. Read More
Pediatr Pulmonol 2018 Jun 1. Epub 2018 Jun 1.
Department of Pediatric Emergency, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
Indian Pediatr 2018 05;55(5):438-439
Department of Pediatrics, St Stephens Hospital, Tis Hazari, Delhi, India.