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Am J Otolaryngol 2020 Jun 1;41(5):102564. Epub 2020 Jun 1.

Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology of the National Academy of the Postgraduate Education, 9, Dorogozhytska Street, Kyiv 04112, Ukraine.

Acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) can be characterized as bacterial (ABRS) and require antibiotic therapy only in 0.5-5% of cases. In most cases, the disease is in a viral and post-viral form, which requires pathogenetic and symptomatic treatment. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2020 Jun 21;7(6):ofaa182. Epub 2020 May 21.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Background: Fluoroquinolones are antibiotics prescribed in the outpatient setting, though they have serious side effects. This study evaluates the impact of stewardship interventions on total and inappropriate prescribing of fluoroquinolones in outpatient settings in a large county hospital and health system.

Methods: In an effort to decrease inappropriate outpatient fluoroquinolone usage, a multimodal antimicrobial stewardship initiative was implemented in November 2016. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2020 Jun 9:3489420922865. Epub 2020 Jun 9.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Sciences, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Objectives: To determine the utility of Second-look endoscopy with debridement (SLED) after functional endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in pediatric cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. To compare outcomes in pediatric CF patients undergoing sinus surgery for chronic sinusitis with or without SLED. To describe findings present at the time of SLED. Read More

Orbit 2020 Aug 18;39(4):305-310. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Radiology, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School , Newark, New Jersey, USA.

We review two cases of adolescents with orbital cellulitis, sinusitis and SARS- CoV-2 infection presenting to emergency departments within a 24 hour period. SARS-CoV-2 samples obtained within 24 hours were positive, supporting prior infection despite relatively limited early symptoms of COVID-19. Unusual clinical and radiographic characteristics included hemorrhagic abscess with blood of varying age in the first, intracranial epidural abscess in the second, radiographic signal consistent with hemorrhagic or thrombotic phenomena, retro-maxillary antral fat changes, and meningeal enhancement or extension in both cases. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Aug 6;135:110086. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, USA.

Introduction: It is unknown the optimal extent of sinus surgery in pediatric patients with orbital cellulitis. Our aim was to determine the nationwide incidence of sinus procedures used to treat pediatric orbital cellulitis. Additionally, we sought to identify patient-factors that influence a multi-procedural approach. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Aug 6;135:110078. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.

Objectives: Assess characteristics and outcomes of orbital complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) in the pediatric population and evaluate trends over time.

Methods: A literature search of pediatric orbital complications was performed in the following databases: Ovid MEDLINE, Scopus, and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. Studies reporting data for at least 10 subjects with orbital complications of sinusitis under 18 years old were included. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020 May 14. Epub 2020 May 14.

Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA.

Background: Mast-cell activation syndrome (MCAS) is increasingly recognized. Sinonasal obstruction is common among these patients. There is a paucity of literature describing the characteristics of MCAS and treatment outcomes. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2020 May 12:194599820918832. Epub 2020 May 12.

Nationwide Children's Hospital Department of Otolaryngology, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Objectives: Sinusitis is a common pediatric illness that can be complicated by periorbital or intracranial extension. Patients can be managed with antimicrobials alone or in conjunction with surgical intervention. This article examines management patterns and outcomes in pediatric patients presenting with complicated sinusitis. Read More

J Telemed Telecare 2020 May 11:1357633X20917497. Epub 2020 May 11.

Department of Pediatrics, Erlanger Medical Center, USA.

Aims: We report a novel pilot project that allows access to healthcare for children and staff at school via a mobile clinic or telemedicine portal connected to the mobile clinic. The objectives of this pilot project were (a) to perform physicals for children not attached to a primary care physician; (b) to provide medical consultations and treatment for acute illnesses of students and staff, and (c) to lower absenteeism rates among students and staff.

Methods: In 2013, Ronald McDonald House Charities, a non-profit organization, partnered with Children's Hospital of Erlanger to provide a mobile clinic trademarked Ronald McDonald Care Mobile utilising a large, box-style truck equipped with examination rooms and a telemedicine portal. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2020 Jun 13;10(6):726-737. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK.

Background: Periorbital cellulitis is a potential sight-threatening complication of sinusitis. The majority of patients improve with medical management. Previous studies have suggested significant variations in practice and lack of evidence regarding the optimal management of this condition. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2020 Apr 7:1945892420917313. Epub 2020 Apr 7.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University, Morgantown, West Virginia.

Background: Paranasal sinus balloon catheter dilation (BCD) represents a tool that has been shown to be safe in the management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (pCRS); however, its efficacy compared to standard treatment regimens has not been well established.

Objective: The purpose of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the clinical utility of BCD in pCRS.

Methods: Articles reporting BCD for pCRS in patients under 18 years of age were identified via the following search terms: sinusitis OR rhinosinusitis AND balloon dilatation OR balloon dilation OR balloon sinuplasty OR sinuplasty AND adolescent OR children OR infant OR pediatric OR toddler. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2020 Mar 10. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Pediatrics Clinic and Institute for Molecular Medicine A. Nocivelli, Department of Clinical and Experimental Sciences, University of Brescia and ASST-Spedali Civili di Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: X-linked agammaglobulinemia (XLA) is the prototype of primary humoral immunodeficiencies. Long-term follow-up studies regarding disease-related complications and outcome are scarce.

Objective: Our aim was to describe the natural history of XLA. Read More

Interv Med Appl Sci 2019 Mar;11(1):1-7

Mycobacteriology Research Centre (MRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Background And Aims: Respiratory infections are expressed very soon in the life in humoral immunodeficiencies and often lead to chronic irreversible complications such as bronchiectasis and chronic airflow limitation. This study was conducted to evaluate the pulmonary complications of predominantly antibody immunodeficiencies to show the benefits of timely diagnosis and appropriate therapy.

Patients And Methods: The information of 48 patients involved with a type of predominantly antibody immunodeficiencies, including sex, type of primary immunodeficiency, age at the onset of symptoms, age at diagnosis, recurrent infections, respiratory symptoms, and pulmonary radiological and functional abnormalities were recorded and analyzed. Read More

Rhinology 2020 Feb 20;58(Suppl S29):1-464. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Neurology, Dijklander Ziekenhuis, Purmerend, The Netherlandsn.

The European Position Paper on Rhinosinusitis and Nasal Polyps 2020 is the update of similar evidence based position papers published in 2005 and 2007 and 2012. The core objective of the EPOS2020 guideline is to provide revised, up-to-date and clear evidence-based recommendations and integrated care pathways in ARS and CRS. EPOS2020 provides an update on the literature published and studies undertaken in the eight years since the EPOS2012 position paper was published and addresses areas not extensively covered in EPOS2012 such as paediatric CRS and sinus surgery. Read More

Laryngoscope 2020 Feb 17. Epub 2020 Feb 17.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.

Objectives/hypothesis: The surgical versus medical management of subperiosteal abscess can be controversial. The purpose of this study was to summarize current literature and provide pooled analyses to help direct management decisions.

Study Design: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Read More

Rev Paul Pediatr 2020 13;38:e2018068. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Hospital Alberto Rassi, Goiânia, GO, Brazil.

Objective: To carry out a systematic literature review on the surgical treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis in the pediatric population.

Data Sources: A bibliographic review methodology was used, based on data from National Library of Medicine (Medline), PubMed, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (LILACS) and Scientific Electronic Library Online (SciELO), of the indexed works from 2006 to 2016, including the pediatric population from zero to 13 years of age. The search keywords according to Medical Subject Heading (MESH) and Health Sciences Descriptors (DeCS) were: child, surgery, sinusitis and chronic disease. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2020 May 7;34(3):428-435. Epub 2020 Jan 7.

Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Apr 19;131:109841. Epub 2019 Dec 19.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ, USA; Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Saint Barnabas Medical Center, Livingston, NJ, USA.

Objective: To identify risk factors and interventions affecting length of hospitalization (LOH) and clinical outcome in children with intracranial complications of rhinosinusitis.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of 12 children hospitalized at 2 academic medical centers for intracranial complications of rhinosinusitis over the past 5 years.

Results: 12 patients were identified with an average age at presentation of 13 years old. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Dec 3;19(1):244. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Beijing key Laboratory of Intraocular Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Science Key Lab, Capital Medical University, 1 Dong Jiao Min Xiang, Dong Cheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: To investigate the therapeutic effectiveness and safety of endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy (EN-DCR) to treat congenital nasolacrimal canal dysplasia (CNCD).

Methods: Forty children (50 eyes) with congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO) and lacrimal bony dysplasia, including 8 children with bony atresia (10 eyes) and 32 with bony stenosis (40 eyes), were recruited in this retrospective study. Standardized EN-DCR was performed in all cases. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2020 Apr 26;36(4):755-766. Epub 2019 Nov 26.

Department of Neurosurgery, Advocate Children's Hospital, Oak Lawn, IL, USA.

Purpose: Analyze the clinical presentation, microbiology, outcomes, and medical and surgical treatment strategies of intracranial extension of sinogenic infection in pediatric patients.

Methods: A retrospective, single-center study of patients < 18 years of age, presenting with intracranial extension of bacterial sinogenic infections requiring surgical intervention over a 5-year period, was conducted. Electronic medical records were reviewed for age, sex, primary symptoms, duration of symptoms, presence of sinusitis at initial presentation, microorganisms isolated, mode of surgery, timing of surgery, length of stay, and neurologic sequelae. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2019 Nov 4;6(11):ofz432. Epub 2019 Oct 4.

Boise VA Medical Center, Boise, Idaho, USA.

Background: Acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) occur primarily in children, whereas acute otitis externa (AOE) occurs with similar frequency in children and adults. Data on the incidence and management of otitis in adults are limited. This study characterizes the incidence, antibiotic management, and outcomes for adults with otitis diagnoses. Read More

Clin Sci (Lond) 2019 11;133(22):2301-2315

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Eosinophilic chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (ECRS) is a condition linked with type 2 inflammation, poor treatment outcomes, and high recurrence tendency. Although γδT cells have been reported to induce type 2 immune responses and eosinophilic infiltration in several diseases, their role in ECRS has not been fully explored. We aimed to evaluate the association of γδT cells with the type 2 inflammatory profiles in ECRS. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2020 Mar 15;137(2):99-103. Epub 2019 Oct 15.

Aix-Marseille University, Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, La Timone Children's Hospital, 264, rue St Pierre, 13385 Marseille cedex 5, France.

Importance: Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are known to inhibit chemotaxis, oxidative burst and phagocytosis, bacterial killing in granulocytes as well as inhibiting neutrophil aggregation or degranulation, thereby interfering with the function of lymphocytes. On the other hand, ibuprofen is widely prescribed in pediatrics for its powerful analgesic and antipyretic effects. To our knowledge, no previous publication outlines the relationship between Ibuprofen therapy and an increased risk of intracranial and/or orbital complications of acute fronto-ethmoidal sinusitis in childhood. Read More

Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2020 01 14;59(1):21-30. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

John R. Oishei Children's Hospital, Buffalo, NY, USA.

Pediatric antibiotic prescriptions originate from an increasingly broad range of ambulatory settings. In this retrospective study, pharyngitis, otitis media, sinusitis, pneumonia, and upper respiratory infection cases, at 11 primary care offices, 2 independent urgent care centers (UCCs), and a pediatric emergency department in Western New York, were analyzed relative to medical society practice guidelines and antibiotic utilization. Of 2358 eligible visits across all sites, 25% were for study diagnoses, with 38% at UCC ( < . Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Jan 26;128:109696. Epub 2019 Sep 26.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.

Background: Orbital and intracranial complications of pediatric acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) are uncommon. With a risk of significant morbidity, hospital utilization and the financial burden of these entities are often high. We sought to assess utilization trends for complicated ARS and elucidate which factors influence cost. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2020 Jan 24;128:109695. Epub 2019 Sep 24.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, USA.

Objectives: 1) Evaluate the changing prevalence of complications from pediatric acute bacterial rhinosinusitis and 2) elucidate factors associated with the development of complicated acute rhinosinusitis in this population.

Study Design/setting: Cross-sectional analyses of the Kids' Inpatient Database.

Subjects And Methods: Children <20 years with a diagnosis of acute rhinosinusitis were included. Read More

Cureus 2019 Jul 22;11(7):e5202. Epub 2019 Jul 22.

Internal Medicine, Civil Hospital Karachi, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, PAK.

Infectious sinusitis is extremely common in children, and persistent infection can lead to many complications. The most dangerous and commonly reported complications are intracranial. These intracranial complications include pneumocephalus, cerebral abscess, subdural empyema, meningitis, cellulitis, orbital abscess, and cavernous sinus thrombosis. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Sep 23;8(10). Epub 2019 Sep 23.

Otorhinolaryngology Unit, Department of Health Sciences, San Paolo Hospital, Università degli Studi di Milano, 20142 Milan, Italy.

Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is an extremely common condition in the pediatric and adolescent populations that can lead to various medical conditions, including acute rhinosusitis, with a percentage of these progressing to chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS). The relationship between AH and pediatric CRS has been extensively studied over the past few years and clinical consensus on the treatment has now been reached, allowing this treatment to become the preferred clinical practice. The purpose of this study is to review existing literature and data on the relationship between AH and CRS and the options for treatment. Read More

Acta Oncol 2019 Oct 18;58(10):1404-1409. Epub 2019 Sep 18.

Department of Radiation Oncology, College of Medicine, University of Florida , Jacksonville , FL , USA.

Despite widespread concerns of radiotherapy toxicity in children with head and neck tumors, recent Children's Oncology Group (COG) findings suggest that the use of 45 Gy results in an unacceptably high rate of local recurrences in patients with low-risk orbital rhabdomyosarcoma. We therefore evaluated outcomes in our pediatric patients who received 45 GyRBE using proton therapy. To assess disease control and toxicity, we reviewed the medical records of 30 children (≤21 years old) with COG stage 1, group III embryonal orbital rhabdomyosarcoma enrolled on a prospective outcome study and treated with proton therapy between 2007 and 2018. Read More

Arthritis Care Res (Hoboken) 2019 Aug 17. Epub 2019 Aug 17.

Istituto Giannina Gaslini Clinica Pediatrica e Reumatologia - PRINTO, Genova, Italy.

Objective: To evaluate safety and effectiveness of adalimumab (ADA) in polyarticular-course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pcJIA) in the STRIVE registry (NCT00783510).

Methods: STRIVE enrolled patients with pcJIA into 2 arms based on treatment with methotrexate (MTX) alone or ADA with/without MTX (ADA±MTX). Adverse events (AEs) per 100 patient-years (PY) of observation time were analyzed by registry arm. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2019 Sep 13;136(4):289-294. Epub 2019 Aug 13.

Service d'ORL, hôpital Necker-Enfants-Malades, AP-HP, 75015 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: To present the guidelines of the French Society of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery concerning the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in pediatric ENT infections.

Methods: Based on a critical analysis of the medical literature up to November 2016, a multidisciplinary workgroup of 11 practitioners wrote clinical practice guidelines. Levels of evidence were classified according to the GRADE (Grades of Recommendation, Assessment, Development and Evaluation) system: GRADE A, B, C or "expert opinion". Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2019 Nov 5;33(6):782-790. Epub 2019 Aug 5.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Otolaryngol Clin North Am 2019 Oct 26;52(5):875-890. Epub 2019 Jul 26.

Northwestern University, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, 225 East Chicago Avenue, Box 40, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. Electronic address:

Although there have been many advances in new tools and procedures for endonasal sinus surgery in children, the management and care for pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis has remained relatively unchanged. However, there have been advances in skull base surgery and tumor removal and new knowledge about perioperative concerns in children. This article discusses the role and risks of endoscopic sinus surgery, the use of balloon sinuplasty in children, management of complicated rhinosinusitis, and advances in skull base tumors and choanal atresia repair. Read More

World J Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Jun 3;5(2):82-87. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Medstar Georgetown University Hospital, Department of Otolaryngology, Head & Neck Surgery, Washington DC, USA.

Objective: To demonstrate DNA sequencing analysis (DNAsa) of sinus cultures in patients with CRS is a reliable method of detecting pathogens in polymicrobial CRS infections.

Methods: After obtaining Institutional Review Board approval for this prospective cohort study, we selected a random sample of 50 patients with CRS at Medstar Georgetown University Hospital between September 2016 and March 2017. We defined CRS as a history of rhinosinusitis refractory to maximal medical therapy and prior endoscopic sinus surgery. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2019 10;38(10):994-998

Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia.

Background: The major clinical dilemma managing acute rhinosinusitis (ARS) in pediatric population is distinguishing uncomplicated rhinosinusitis from a complicated bacterial ARS and orbital complications, the latter requiring antimicrobials and surgical intervention. However, factors associated with severe orbital complications and the optimum management strategy remains controversial. The objectives of this study were to characterize the clinical outcomes of children with orbital complications of ARS and to identify risk factors associated with disease severity. Read More

Biomol Concepts 2019 Jun 17;10(1):91-98. Epub 2019 Jun 17.

Mycobacteriology Research Center, National, Tehran, Iran.

Objective Sinusitis is a common complaint in children with cystic fibrosis. However, the actual prevalence of chronic rhinosinusitis and its effect on the quality of life of children have not been well considered. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effect of sinonasal quality of life in children with cystic fibrosis. Read More

Clin Ther 2019 08 11;41(8):1605-1611.e0. Epub 2019 Jun 11.

Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Children's Hospital Colorado and University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA; Department of Infection Prevention and Control, Children's Hospital Colorado, Aurora, CO, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: This study is the first description of hospital-wide anti-infective use according to clinical indication for a pediatric hospital. Children's Hospital Colorado (CHCO) is uniquely poised to examine its anti-infective use after the implementation of provider-selected order indications (PSOIs), which are distinct from Diagnosis Related Group classifications in that they are used for clinical treatment as opposed to final diagnosis codes for billing and thus are more granular.

Methods: This study used our institution's mandatory PSOIs to describe overall clinical indications for anti-infective use. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Sep 1;124:139-142. Epub 2019 Jun 1.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA; Surgical Outcomes Center for Kids, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA. Electronic address:

Objectives: Children with cystic fibrosis (CF) have a high incidence of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS); however, no clinical care guidelines currently exist for the management of CRS in these patients. As a result, there is variation in the treatment of CRS in children, especially when it comes to the frequency of surgery for nasal polyposis.

Methods: A 28-question survey was sent to pediatric otolaryngologists (POs) and pulmonologists (PPs) who care for pediatric CF patients. Read More

World Allergy Organ J 2019 17;12(4):100027. Epub 2019 May 17.

School of Medicine, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.

Background: Nasal nitric oxide (nNO) could be a biomarker for nasal passage inflammation and sinus ostial patency. We have aimed to investigate the nNO concentration and the effect of antibiotic therapy in children with perennial allergic rhinitis (PAR) children with/without acute bacterial sinusitis.

Methods: We enrolled a cohort of 90 and 31 children with PAR, without and with acute unilateral maxillary sinusitis, and 79 normal children. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 10 11;161(4):683-687. Epub 2019 Jun 11.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objective: Balloon sinuplasty (BS) is a surgical management option in the treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis. The purpose of this study was to examine BS utilization among children with a national database.

Study Design: Retrospective review. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2019 Sep - Oct;40(5):770-775. Epub 2019 May 30.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, Drexel University College of Medicine, United States of America. Electronic address:

Objectives: Review of the English literature for all studies involving cannabis and Otolaryngology.

Methods: PubMed was searched using a combination of the terms cannabis, marijuana, otolaryngology, hearing, tinnitus, vestibular, rhinology, sinusitis, laryngology, voice, airway, head and neck, head and neck cancer, facial trauma, spasm, pediatric otolaryngology, sleep medicine, obstructive sleep apnea, and other variations. Literature included in the review provided substantive research on cannabis in Otolaryngology. Read More

Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2019 May 21. Epub 2019 May 21.

Non-communicable Diseases Research Center, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran.

Activated phosphoinositide 3-kinase delta syndrome (APDS) is a novel primary immunodeficiency (PID) caused by heterozygous gain of function mutations in PI3Kδ catalytic p110δ (PIK3CD) or regulatory p85α (PIK3R1) subunits leading to APDS1 and APDS2, respectively. Patients with APDS present a spectrum of clinical manifestations, particularly recurrent respiratory infections and lymphoproliferation. We searched PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus databases for APDS patients and screened for eligibility criteria. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2019 Jul - Aug;40(4):609-611. Epub 2019 May 14.

Cohen Children's Medical Center, Division of Pediatric Otolaryngology, New Hyde Park, NY, USA; Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra/Northwell, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hempstead, NY, USA.

The management of invasive fungal sinusitis differs greatly from the management of herpes simplex virus (HSV) of the nose in immunocompromised patients. However, the diagnosis may be uncertain and a delay in treatment can lead to mortality. Here we describe the successful medical management of a series of immunocompromised pediatric patients with HSV lesions of the nose with the initial concern for invasive fungal sinusitis. Read More

Sichuan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2019 Mar;50(2):256-259

Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210008, China.

Objective: To summarize the characteristics and treatment experience of orbital cellulitis in children, and to provide clinical basis for the diagnosis and treatment of pre-septal orbital cellulitis and post-septal orbital cellulitis.

Methods: Retrospectively analyzed 165 cases of orbital cellulitis in Children's Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2009 to December 2015. According to the location of lesions, the array was divided into two groups: pre-septal orbital cellulitis (139 cases) and post-septal orbital cellulitis (26 cases). Read More

Am J Infect Control 2019 09 2;47(9):1151-1153. Epub 2019 May 2.

Department of Pediatrics, Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA.

Little is known about antibiotic prescribing differences between academic and community outpatient settings. This retrospective, cross-sectional chart review compares compliance with Infectious Diseases Society of America and American Academy of Pediatrics prescribing guidelines for otitis media, sinusitis, and pharyngitis in academic and affiliated community practices. The study results for correct antibiotic prescribing rate in the academic setting (67%) compared with the community setting (21%) demonstrate the urgent need for stewardship in community outpatient clinics. Read More

J Rheumatol 2019 12 1;46(12):1627-1633. Epub 2019 May 1.

From the US National Institute of Arthritis and Musculoskeletal and Skin Disorders (NIAMS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland; University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Medicine, Medical Scientist Training Program, Chapel Hill, North Carolina; NIH Clinical Center, Biostatistics and Clinical Epidemiology Service, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.

Objective: To assess patient-reported burden of disease in pediatric patients with relapsing polychondritis (RP) and to compare those findings to adult patients.

Methods: A survey based on known clinical symptoms of RP was developed and administered to patients with a pediatric diagnosis of RP. Adult patients completed a similar survey. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Aug 23;98(7):425-430. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

2 Imaging Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Xi Cheng District, Beijing, People's Republic of China.

In this article, we explore the disease spectrum and clinical characteristics of and the diagnosis and endoscopic approach to treating isolated sphenoid sinus disease (ISSD) in children. To these ends, we review a case series of 19 patients (mean age: 8.1 ± 4. Read More

J Clin Immunol 2019 04 6;39(3):231-233. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Apr-May;98(4):207-211. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

1 Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, WV, USA.

The objective of our study was to assess the long-term effectiveness of balloon catheter sinuplasty in the treatment of pediatric chronic maxillary sinusitis following failed first-line medical and surgical management with adenoidectomy. Pediatric patients younger than 12 years were reviewed for having failed previous adenoidectomy and undergone a balloon catheter sinuplasty between August 2006 and March 2011 for chronic rhinosinusitis. Demographic data and clinical characteristics were recorded in patients who met inclusion criteria. Read More