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Ci Ji Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Jan-Mar;31(1):63-65

Department of Pediatrics, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan.

Isolated sphenoid sinusitis is a rare disorder and may present with severe complications due to its proximity to the orbital and intracranial areas. We report a 13-year-old boy hospitalized for septic shock with fever of unknown origin. Facial palsy was later noted. Read More

Allergy Rhinol (Providence) 2019 Jan-Dec;10:2152656718821281. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, Harbor UCLA Medical Center, Torrance, California.

Background: Chronic cough in children is a diagnostic challenge.

Objective: To discover the utility of nasal dipsticks and polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-DNA analysis in differentiating bacterial sinusitis from other causes of chronic cough and identifying pathogens from the nasal cavity.

Method: We recruited 22 patients under 15 years of age with cough lasting longer than 4 weeks (group 1), 7 controls with allergic rhinitis (group 2), and 10 controls without respiratory symptoms (group 3). Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2019 Jan 15. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Rutgers New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ.

Background: Although some causes of rhinogenic headache, such as acute sinusitis, have clear diagnostic criteria, others, such as "sinus headache" and mucosal contact points, are more nebulous. Misdiagnosis of these entities and primary headaches may result in unnecessary medical or surgical treatment. The purpose of this systematic review is to delineate current understanding of diagnosis and treatment of rhinogenic headaches, including sinus and mucosal contact point headaches, in children. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Jan 14;19(1):16. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Nowon Eulji Medical Center, Eulji University School of Medicine, #68 Hangeulbiseok-ro, Nowon-gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea, 01830.

Background: Trochleitis is trochlear pain with evidence of inflammation in the trochlear area on radiologic examination. The etiology of trochleitis is mostly idiopathic. Secondary trochleitis is rare, and trochleitis associated with paranasal sinusitis in children has not yet been reported. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 16;54:60-62. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Consultant ENT, Rhinology and Endoscopic Skull Base Surgery at King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia.

Objectives: to report the alternating nature of allergic fungal rhinosinusitis in children in the Eastern part of Saudi Arabia and to review the experience of King Fahad Specialist Hospital in the diagnosis and management of alternating allergic fungal rhinosinusitis in children. An 8 years old Saudi girl with alternating allergic fungal rhinosinusitis was diagnosed and managed. The patient was diagnosed to have unilateral left allergic fungal rhinosinusitis and underwent endoscopic sinus surgery and cleaning of the left sinuses from polyps, mud and mucin. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 Dec;37(12):1248-1254

Medical and Clinical Pharmacy Policy, Anthem, Inc, Chicago, Illinois.

Background: Antibiotics are commonly prescribed for children with acute respiratory infections (ARIs). This study describes the distribution of ARI diagnoses and specifically quantifies antibiotic dispensing for bronchitis and upper respiratory infection (URI) by treatment setting and specialty.

Methods: This retrospective, observational cross-sectional study used data from the HealthCore Integrated Research Environment containing claims from 14 commercial health plans for 2012 to 2014. Read More

J Am Coll Radiol 2018 Nov;15(11S):S403-S412

Specialty Chair, Riley Hospital for Children Indiana University, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Sinusitis is common in children that usually resolves spontaneously. Imaging is not part of the standard of care for initial diagnosis, however may be necessary in cases with persistent or chronic sinusitis to guide surgical intervention, or to rule out intracranial and vascular complications of sinusitis. Computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are the leading imaging modalities. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2019 Feb 2;64(2):493-502. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Takeda Development Center Americas, Inc, Deerfield, IL, USA.

Background: In gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD), the frequency of heartburn symptoms and erosive esophagitis (EE) increases with age in children and adolescents. Proton pump inhibitor, dexlansoprazole, is approved for healing EE of all grades, maintenance of healed EE, relief of heartburn, and treatment of symptomatic non-erosive GERD in patients ≥ 12 years.

Aim: To assess safety and efficacy of dexlansoprazole dual delayed-release capsule in healing of EE and maintenance of healed EE in adolescents. Read More

Allergy 2019 Jan 2;74(1):28-39. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Immunology and Allergy, Medical University, Lodz, Poland.

NSAID-exacerbated respiratory disease (N-ERD) is a chronic eosinophilic, inflammatory disorder of the respiratory tract occurring in patients with asthma and/or chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP), symptoms of which are exacerbated by NSAIDs, including aspirin. Despite some progress in understanding of the pathophysiology of the syndrome, which affects 1/10 of patients with asthma and rhinosinusitis, it remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. In order to provide evidence-based recommendations for the diagnosis and management of N-ERD, a panel of international experts was called by the EAACI Asthma Section. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2018 Nov 5;127(11):829-835. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

1 Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

Objectives: Epistaxis is a common condition that rarely warrants hospital admission in the pediatric population, making its inpatient management difficult to study. This study aims to use a nationwide database to analyze trends in the treatment of pediatric patients admitted with epistaxis and determine factors impacting total charges.

Methods: The latest (2012) version of the Kids' Inpatient Database (KID), Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project (HCUP), Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality was used to identify weighted discharges with the primary diagnosis of epistaxis. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018 Nov 30;32(6):485-490. Epub 2018 Aug 30.

1 Department of Otolaryngology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, New York.

Background: The use of systemic corticosteroids remains controversial in the treatment of orbital complications of sinusitis.

Objective: To compare and contrast the current practice patterns of the use of systemic corticosteroid in the management of orbital complications of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) among fellowship-trained members of American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO) and American Rhinologic Society (ARS).

Study Design: Cross-sectional survey. Read More

Cureus 2018 Jun 19;10(6):e2836. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Clinics Hospital, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, BRA.

Pott's puffy tumor is a rare and severe complication of frontal sinusitis, characterized by the progressive swelling of the frontal soft tissues secondary to a subperiosteal abscess. Radiological imaging with ultrasound, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are important diagnostic tools in establishing diagnosis and treatment planning. Early surgery along with intravenous antibiotics are required in order to achieve a good recovery. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Sep 12;112:10-15. Epub 2018 Jun 12.

Rady Children's Hospital San Diego, Otolaryngology, San Diego, CA, USA; Department of Surgery, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.

Objective: Intracranial extension is one of the most serious and morbid complications of pediatric sinusitis. Managing this complication continues to be challenging even after widespread pneumococcal vaccination adoption. We aim to identify risk factors associated with complicated clinical courses, and to assess for altering microbial communities and increased antibiotic resistance. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Aug 8;111:162-169. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Department of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, 135 Rutledge Ave, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA. Electronic address:

Objectives: Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a prevalent condition with quality of life (QoL) impacts that are seldom reported in the literature. We aimed to conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis on studies using the Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life Survey (SN-5), the only validated symptom questionnaire in pediatric CRS.

Methods: A literature search was conducted to identify studies that used the SN-5 to measure QoL before and after medical or surgical interventions for pediatric CRS. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2018 Dec 29;85(12):1090-1095. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, 110029, India.

Objective: To ascertain the prevalence of invasive fungal infections (IFI), predictors of IFI, identify etiological species and outcome (mortality/discharge) in persistent febrile neutropenia in children with acute leukemia.

Methods: It was a prospective, observational study conducted from January 2013 through June 2014 in a tertiary care centre in New Delhi. Children between 1 and 12 y of age, on chemotherapy for acute leukemia with persistent febrile neutropenia (> 96 h) were enrolled. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2018 Sep 27;32(5):388-396. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

2 Office of Biostatistics, Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas.

Background Since the Food and Drug Administration approval of balloon sinuplasty (BSP) in 2005, no nationally representative population-based studies have examined the outcomes and adverse events of BSP. Objective To assess the rates of complications and revision surgery in patients who received BSP, functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS), or a hybrid procedure. Methods Using one of the nation's largest commercial insurance databases, we conducted a retrospective cohort study of pediatric and adult patients diagnosed with chronic rhinosinusitis between 2011 and 2014 who underwent BSP, conventional FESS, or a hybrid procedure. Read More

Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob 2018 Jun 9;17(1):26. Epub 2018 Jun 9.

The Faculty of Medicine in the Galilee, Bar Ilan University, Zefat, Israel.

Background: Antibiotics are frequently prescribed at many of the visits to primary care clinics, often for conditions for which they provide no benefit, including viral respiratory tract infections.

Objectives: The aim was to evaluate primary care visits due to infectious diseases, and to estimate antibiotic prescribing and antibiotic dispensing by pharmacies.

Methods: Diagnosis of infectious disease, antibiotic prescribing and dispensing data at the individual patient level were extracted for 2015 from Clalit Health Services' electronic medical records and linked to determine the condition for which the antimicrobial was prescribed. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jul 11;110:147-151. Epub 2018 May 11.

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center Department of Otolaryngology, United States; Children's Medical Center Dallas, United States.

Objective: To study the role of endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS) in the management of intracranial complications of children with acute rhinosinusitis METHODS: Retrospective chart review at a tertiary care pediatric hospital MAIN OUTCOMES: Demographics, intracranial complications, length of hospital stay (LOS), neurological sequelae, ESS, neurosurgical procedures RESULTS: Twenty-four children with a mean age (SD) of 12.9 years (+/-3.2) with an intracranial complication(s) of acute rhinosinusitis were identified between 2005-2016. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jul 8;110:123-129. Epub 2018 May 8.

Department of Otolaryngology, Boston University School of Medicine, 4th Floor, FGH Building, 820 Harrison Ave., Boston, MA 02118, United States. Electronic address:

Objectives: Orbital complications account for 74-85% of all complications from acute sinusitis, more often affect the pediatric population, and can result in devastating consequences. Therefore these patients require prompt diagnosis and proper management. We review and summarize the current literature to determine the appropriate management of each stage of pediatric orbital cellulitis and offer a new comprehensive literature-based algorithm. Read More

Curr Allergy Asthma Rep 2018 May 29;18(7):37. Epub 2018 May 29.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, AR, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a common disorder that carries significant morbidity. The diagnosis requires sinus symptoms that persist despite standard medical therapy greater than 3 months. Viral infections, allergies, and anatomic differences in children lead to chronic obstruction of the osteomeatal complex. Read More

J Asthma 2018 May 17:1-7. Epub 2018 May 17.

j Pediatric Pulmonology , University of Virginia , Charlottesville , VA.

Objective: To characterize a cohort of children with airflow limitation resistant to bronchodilator (BD) therapy.

Methods: Pulmonary function tests performed in children 6-17 years of age at 15 centers in a clinical research consortium were screened for resistant airflow limitation, defined as a post-BD FEV and/or an FEV/FVC less than the lower limits of normal. Demographic and clinical data were analyzed for associations with pulmonary function. Read More

PLoS One 2018 8;13(5):e0196734. Epub 2018 May 8.

Departments of Medicine and Pediatrics, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, United States of America.

Background: The recommended treatment for acute bacterial sinusitis in adults, amoxicillin with clavulanate, provides only modest benefit.

Objective: To see if a higher dose of amoxicillin will lead to more rapid improvement.

Design, Setting, And Participants: Double-blind randomized trial in which, from November 2014 through February 2017, we enrolled 315 adult outpatients diagnosed with acute sinusitis in accordance with Infectious Disease Society of America guidelines. Read More

Am J Otolaryngol 2018 Jul - Aug;39(4):418-422. Epub 2018 Apr 19.

University of Mississippi Medical Center, Department of Otolaryngology, 2500 North State Street, Jackson, MS 39216, United States.

Background: The treatment of pediatric sinusitis continues to be a controversial topic. It has been recommended to treat pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with adenoidectomy before proceeding to more invasive techniques. There are concerns regarding side effects of endoscopic sinus surgery in pediatric patients. Read More

J Asthma 2018 Apr 5:1-9. Epub 2018 Apr 5.

c Skåne Regional Council , Competence Center of Allergy, Asthma and COPD , Lund , Sweden.

Objectives: Asthma and allergic diseases are the most frequent chronic diseases in childhood worldwide, and considered a burden for the affected children and their families. The diseases impose an economic burden on society if not diagnosed and treated properly and management of and these diseases are challenging for healthcare professionals. The aim of the present investigation was to assess the prevalence of allergic diseases in an unselected cohort of adolescents in southern Sweden. Read More

Infect Immun 2018 06 22;86(6). Epub 2018 May 22.

Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health and Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Boston Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA

Despite advances in treatment and prevention, the pneumococcus continues to be a dominant cause of severe pneumonia and sepsis and of otitis media, sinusitis, and nonbacteremic pneumonia. Lewnard and colleagues (Infect Immun 86:e00727-17, 2018, https://doi.org/10. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 May 27;108:163-167. Epub 2018 Feb 27.

Children's Hospital of Wisconsin / Medical College of Wisconsin - Milwaukee, 8915 W. Cornell Ct., Milwaukee, WI 53226, United States. Electronic address:

Objectives: The aims of this project were two-fold: 1) To assess pediatric primary care (PCP), pediatric otolaryngology (ENT) and pediatric urgent care (UC) providers' perception of their adherence to the 2013 American Academy of Pediatrics (AAP) established guidelines for the diagnosis and management of acute bacterial rhinosinusitis (ABRS) in children 1-18 years old and 2) to assess the same providers' practice patterns in the diagnosis and management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS).

Method: A 21-item questionnaire (CVI .9) was designed by th investigators using Survey Monkey. Read More

Turk Pediatri Ars 2017 Dec 1;52(4):221-225. Epub 2017 Dec 1.

Istanbul University, Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Department of Pediatrics, Division of Immunology-Allergy and Infectious Diseases, Istanbul, Turkey.

Aim: Orbital tissue infections are common infections of childhood that can lead to severe complications. Herein, we aimed to evaluate the etiologic factors, diagnosis, follow-up, and treatment procedures in pediatric patients with orbital infections.

Material And Methods: This study was performed retrospectively between January 2014 and December 2015 in Cerrahpasa Medical Faculty Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit. Read More

Pediatr Infect Dis J 2018 Oct;37(10):967-970

Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Dana-Dwek Children's Hospital, Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Background: Group A Streptococcus (GAS) is a rare cause of central nervous system infections.

Methods: We describe 3 new cases of GAS brain abscess in previously healthy children treated by us between 2015 and 2016 and review the 5 cases reported in the literature since 1988.

Results: All 8 children received early empiric antibiotic therapy and surgical intervention, and 5 made a full recovery. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Mar 2;106:91-95. Epub 2018 Feb 2.

Service d'ORL Pédiatrique, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfants, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Lyon, France; Service d'ORL, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Centre Hospitalier et Universitaire, Lyon, France; Université de Lyon, Lyon, France; INSERM, U1028, CNRS, UMR5292, Lyon Neuroscience Research Center, IMPACT Team, Lyon, France. Electronic address:

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the microbiological cultures and the management of acute ethmoiditis complicated by subperiosteal orbital abscess (SPOA) in a pediatric population.

Methods: The medical records of children under 18 years old was performed in a tertiary referral pediatric center from January 2009 to April 2017. Clinical examination, computed tomography scans, medical and surgical treatments were reviewed and compared to other studies in literature. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018 02;8(2):108-352

Otolaryngology, University of Michigan, USA.

Background: Critical examination of the quality and validity of available allergic rhinitis (AR) literature is necessary to improve understanding and to appropriately translate this knowledge to clinical care of the AR patient. To evaluate the existing AR literature, international multidisciplinary experts with an interest in AR have produced the International Consensus statement on Allergy and Rhinology: Allergic Rhinitis (ICAR:AR).

Methods: Using previously described methodology, specific topics were developed relating to AR. Read More

Orbit 2018 Oct 10;37(5):375-377. Epub 2018 Jan 10.

a Department of Ophthalmology , University of Pittsburgh Medical Center , Pittsburgh , Pennsylvania , USA.

Silent sinus syndrome was first described as spontaneous enophthalmos and hypoglobus associated with subclinical maxillary sinusitis without prior trauma or surgery. This clinical entity has later been described after trauma in which damage to the ostiomeatal complex leads to atelectasis of the maxillary sinus. We report a case of a 14-year-old boy who presented 4 years after sustaining a non-operative orbital floor fracture with enophthalmos and transient diplopia. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 02 28;158(2):381-385. Epub 2017 Nov 28.

1 Division of Pediatrics, Section of Pulmonary Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio, USA.

Objectives Cystic fibrosis (CF) is characterized by infection and inflammation of the sinorespiratory tract. Functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) is an option for patients with severe sinusitis. We sought to evaluate pulmonary function testing after FESS in pediatric and adult patients with CF. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Nov 14;102:142-147. Epub 2017 Sep 14.

Barbara Ann Karmanos Cancer Institute, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, William Beaumont Hospital, Royal Oak, MI, USA.

Objectives/hypothesis: Invasive fungal sinusitis is an uncommon entity among children. Early recognition is crucial for facilitating successful treatment with minimal morbidity. The goal of this analysis was to identify patient characteristics associated with high-risk surgical disease through a population-based examination into this rare and deadly disease process. Read More

Curr Opin Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 Dec;25(6):486-492

aDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New YorkbDepartment of Otolaryngology - Head and Neck Surgery, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, USA.

Purpose Of Review: To review the recent literature of pediatric endoscopic sinus surgery (ESS).

Recent Findings: Sinus balloon catheter dilation is an important addition to the surgical treatment tools for pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS). ESS is a safe and effective therapeutic modality for uncomplicated PCRS. Read More

Vestn Otorinolaringol 2017;82(5):61-63

А.I. Burnazyan State Research Centre, Russian Federal Medico-Biological Agency, Moscow, Russia, 123479.

This article reports a rare observation of the development of chronic polypous pansinusitis with deformation of the external nose in a 8 year-old child presenting with primary ciliary dyskinesia syndrome. The patient underwent multiple surgical interventions in the preceding period. The key argument in favour of the definitive diagnosis was the results of investigation of ciliated epithelium biopsy taken from the nasal cavity and bronchi in combination with the data obtained by diagnostic endoscopy of the nasal cavity and nasopharynx supplemented by computed tomography. Read More

PLoS One 2017 18;12(10):e0186374. Epub 2017 Oct 18.

Department of Microbiology & Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina, United States of America.

Rationale: Patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) have been shown to be vitamin D3 (VD3) deficient, which is associated with more severe disease and increased polyp size. To gain mechanistic insights into these observational studies, we examined the impact of VD3 deficiency on inflammation and VD3 metabolism in an Aspergillus fumigatus (Af) mouse model of chronic rhinosinusitis (Af-CRS).

Methods: Balb/c mice were fed control or VD3 deficient diet for 4 weeks. Read More

J Microbiol Immunol Infect 2019 Feb 18;52(1):75-80. Epub 2017 Sep 18.

Department of Pediatrics, MacKay Children's Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Department of Medicine, MacKay Medical College, New Taipei, Taiwan; MacKay Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Taipei, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Concerns about non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) in otitis media (OM) have grown after the introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV). We aim to better understand the clinical role of NTHi in pediatric OM.

Methods: Middle ear fluid samples from children <18 years with OM were obtained from 2010 to 2015. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 03 12;128(3):E86-E90. Epub 2017 Sep 12.

Center of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany.

Objectives/hypothesis: Olfactory dysfunction is common among the general population, with chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) as one of the leading causes. Patients affected by CRS often report changes in taste sensations; however, quantitative measurements have not been performed to date. Therefore, the present study aimed to investigate gustatory and olfactory function in CRS patients prior to and after multimodal treatment. Read More

Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2017 06 10;2(3):104-108. Epub 2017 Mar 10.

Department of Pediatrics Georgetown University School of Medicine Washington D.C. U.S.A.

Objectives: Presenting the role of antibiotics in pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis based on its pathophysiology and microbiology.

Data Source: Review of the literature searching PubMed for microbiology and treatment of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis.

Results: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is an inflammatory condition of the paranasal sinuses that persists for 12 weeks or longer, despite medical management. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2018 Jan 9;85(1):47-52. Epub 2017 Sep 9.

Department of Pediatrics, School of Medical Sciences and Research, Sharda University, Greater Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Streptococcus pneumoniae causes meningitis, pneumonia, septicemia, arthritis, sinusitis and otitis media specially in children and over 65 y age groups. It contributes significantly to under-five mortality and morbidity worldwide as well as in India. Use of pneumococcal vaccine seems to be the most effective measure to decrease the disease burden and reduction of under-five mortality. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 11 29;157(5):891-897. Epub 2017 Aug 29.

1 Division of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery - University of California San Diego/Rady Children's Hospital, San Diego, California, USA.

Objectives To compare clinical variables and outcomes for children with subperiosteal abscesses of the orbit (SPAO) managed medically vs surgically to identify clinical prognosticators. Study Design Case series with chart review. Setting Tertiary children's academic institution. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep 22;100:66-70. Epub 2017 Jun 22.

Department of Pediatric Otolaryngology, Floating Hospital for Children at Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St. Boston, MA 02111, United States. Electronic address:

Objective: To determine if patients with Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis (LCH) of the temporal bone have a higher risk of developing cholesteatoma.

Methods: Review of literature and cross-sectional weighted analysis of patients under 19 with a diagnosis of LCH from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) and Kids' Inpatient Database (KID) from 2000 to 2013. ICD-9 codes and demographics were analyzed; pairwise comparisons and multivariate analyses were performed. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Sep 15;100:145-148. Epub 2017 Jun 15.

ENT Dept., MITERA Paediatric Infirmary, Athens, Greece. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate the impact of FESS in children with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps, regarding their overall postoperative quality-of-life (QoL) and constituent QoL domains. Potential differences between cystic fibrosis (CF) sufferers and non-sufferers, or cases with recurrent sinonasal polyposis versus single-operations were also explored.

Methods: 39 children were studied. Read More

Ann Otol Rhinol Laryngol 2017 Sep 2;126(9):634-639. Epub 2017 Aug 2.

1 Stanford University School of Medicine, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Stanford, California, USA.

Objective: To compare the management of pediatric chronic rhinosinusitis (PCRS) between members of the American Rhinologic Society (ARS) and the American Society of Pediatric Otolaryngology (ASPO).

Study Design: Comparison of surveys.

Methods: A web-based survey was distributed to ASPO membership twice in September-October 2016. Read More

J Investig Allergol Clin Immunol 2017;27(4):213-224

Research Center for Immunodeficiencies, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Primary immunodeficiency disorders (PIDs) are caused by 1 or more defects of the immune system. Patients are more likely to experience recurrent and/or severe infections and tend to develop a wide range of complications. Respiratory diseases are the main and initial manifestation in most cases and the most common complication. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2017 Aug 25;99:111-116. Epub 2017 May 25.

Baylor College of Medicine Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Houston, TX, USA; Texas Children's Hospital Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Houston, TX, USA.

Purpose: To investigate outcomes of pediatric patients at a single institution with invasive fungal rhinosinusitis (IFRS) and to determine variables that impact overall survival.

Methods: All pediatric patients at a large tertiary children's hospital diagnosed with IFRS confirmed by surgical pathology from 2009 to 2015 were retrospectively reviewed. Demographics, underlying diseases, symptoms, antifungal therapy, absolute neutrophil count (ANC), surgical management,and outcomes were analyzed. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2017 10 4;157(4):716-721. Epub 2017 Jul 4.

3 Division of Head and Neck Surgery and Communication Sciences, Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Objective Identify predictors of adverse events for children who underwent endoscopic sinus surgery for treatment of orbital complications associated with sinusitis. Study Design Cross-sectional analysis of a US national database. Setting American College of Surgeons National Surgical Quality Improvement Program (NSQIP), pediatric version (2012-2015). Read More

J Neurosurg Pediatr 2017 Sep 16;20(3):239-246. Epub 2017 Jun 16.

Division of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Department of Neurosurgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland.

The authors demonstrate the use of an endovascular plug in securing a carotid artery pseudoaneurysm in an emergent setting requiring craniotomy for a concurrent subdural empyema. They describe the case of a 14-year-old boy with sinusitis and bifrontal subdural empyema who underwent transsphenoidal exploration at an outside hospital. An injury to the right cavernous segment of the ICA caused torrential epistaxis. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2017 06;7(6):631

Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC.

Infect Dis (Lond) 2017 Sep 23;49(9):641-646. Epub 2017 May 23.

a Department of Pediatrics, Section of Infection , Taichung Veterans General Hospital , Taichung , Taiwan.

Cavernous sinus thrombosis (CST) is a severe disease which can result from infection of any of the tissues drained by the cavernous sinus. We here review eight cases, including a 12-year-old girl, all secondary to sphenoid sinusitis. The clinical manifestations, laboratory data, imaging findings, pathogens, medications, surgical treatment and clinical outcomes were analyzed. Read More