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Asia Pac J Sports Med Arthrosc Rehabil Technol 2019 Jul 1;17:5-9. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.

Background: Recently, medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction has become a common, widely used procedure to treat patellar instability. However, few reports exist on the long-term outcome after MPFL reconstruction. We elucidated the middle- to long-term outcome after MPFL reconstruction with Insall's proximal realignment. Read More

AJR Am J Roentgenol 2019 Apr 1:1-9. Epub 2019 Apr 1.

5 Department of Pharmacology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: The objective of our study was to assess correlation between patellofemoral incongruency and injury mechanism, recurrence, bilaterality, and cartilage damage in patients with patellofemoral instability (PFI).

Materials And Methods: Ninety-four knee MRI examinations (10 bilateral) of 84 patients with PFI (47 female and 37 male patients; mean age ± SD, 15.0 ± 2. Read More

J Orthop Sci 2019 Mar 27. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Science, Niigata, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: In first-time acute traumatic patellar dislocations, numerous anatomic and clinical factors are complicatedly associated and should be comprehensively considered for the optimal management of conservative or surgical intervention. The purpose of this study was to establish a scoring system, using a concept that is not complicated and easily used in clinic.

Methods: Of 131 first-time acute traumatic patellar dislocations, 81 patients (51 females, 30 males) with an average age of 19. Read More

Bone Joint J 2019 Mar;101-B(3):325-330

Arcus Sportklinik, Pforzheim, Germany.

Aims: The aim of this study was to evaluate cartilaginous patellotrochlear congruence and patellofemoral alignment parameters after deepening trochleoplasty in severe trochlear dysplasia.

Patients And Methods: The study group comprised 20 patients (two male, 18 female; mean age 24 years (16 to 39)) who underwent deepening trochleoplasty and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for the treatment of recurrent lateral patellar dislocation due to severe trochlear dysplasia (Dejour type B to D). Pre- and postoperative MRI investigations of the study group were compared with MRI data of 20 age- and gender-matched control patients (two male, 18 female; mean age 27 years (18 to 44)) regarding the patellotrochlear contact ratio, patellotrochlear contact area, posterior patellar edge-trochlear groove ratio, and patellar tilt. Read More

Orthop J Sports Med 2019 Feb 15;7(2):2325967119825854. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio, USA.

Background: Previous studies have acknowledged the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) as the primary stabilizer of the patella, preventing lateral displacement. MPFL reconstruction (MPFL-R) restores stability and functionality to the patellofemoral joint and has emerged as a preferred treatment option for recurrent lateral patellar instability.

Purpose: To objectively measure biomechanical characteristics of athletes cleared for return to sport after MPFL-R compared with healthy controls. Read More

Cureus 2018 Dec 14;10(12):e3730. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Orthopaedics, Saint James's Hospital, Dublin, IRL.

Acute traumatic patellar dislocations are encountered with relative frequency, making up 3% of all knee injuries. Typically witnessed in younger patients following sporting injuries, this injury can be debilitating, potentially leading to recurrent dislocation, pain, reduction in activity and patellofemoral osteoarthritis. Management of this injury remains controversial, and as such detailed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is increasingly recommended to help illustrate the exact nature of osteochondral and soft tissue injury, with a view to assessing the anatomical sequelae of patellar dislocation as well as the potential of recurrence and dictating the need for either conservative or surgical management in the acute setting. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 31;55:183-186. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Mayapada Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

Introduction: Recurrent patellar dislocation can lead to articular cartilage injury. We report a 21-year old male with left patella instability and articular cartilage defect.

Presentation Of Case: A 21-year-old male presented with left patellar instability and pain. Read More

Chirurg 2019 Mar;90(3):243-254

Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfall‑, Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistraße 52, 20246, Hamburg, Deutschland.

With 1% of all skeletal fractures patellar fractures are rare. The majority of cases are caused by a direct trauma to the flexed knee. The diagnosis is made via the injury mechanism as well as the physical and radiological findings. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 11;7:2050313X18823102. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Japan.

Knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury is a rare and devastating injury. We report the successful repair of a rare case of open knee dislocation with concomitant multiligament injury and patellar tendon rupture of an 18-year-old male due to a motorcycle accident. The patient presented with an open wound running parallel to the knee joint line and patellar tendon rupture with full exposure of the cartilage of the distal femur. Read More

Injury 2019 Jan 17. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Trauma Surgery, University Medical Center Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.

Introduction: Patellar dislocation and rupture of the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) are frequently seen in daily orthopedic practice. Besides initial non-surgical treatment, surgery and subsequent rehabilitation are crucial for restoring stability in the femoropatellar joint. This study investigated current rehabilitation strategies after patellar dislocation because knowledge on this topic has been severely limited so far. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2019 Jan 25. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY.

Introduction: The treatment of a first-time traumatic patella dislocation in children and adolescents remains controversial. Preference-based health utility assessments can provide health-related quality of life information for orthopaedic conditions and their subsequent treatment. The purpose of this study was to determine utilities for pediatric acute traumatic patella dislocation and subsequent treatment health states from both children with patellar dislocation, and their parents. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2019 Jan 22;20(1):34. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of Traumatology and Reconstructive Surgery, BG Trauma Center Tübingen, Eberhard Karls University Tübingen, Schnarrenbergerstr. 95, 72076, Tübingen, Germany.

Background: Patellar dislocation is common in young and active patients. The purpose of this study was to determine sporting activity following the medial reefing of patellar dislocation.

Methods: One hundred forty-four patients with objective patellar dislocation were treated between 2004 and 2013. Read More

Vet Comp Orthop Traumatol 2019 Jan 15;32(1):26-32. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Department of Surgery, Gulf Coast Veterinary Specialists, Houston, Texas, United States.

Objectives:  The main aim of this article is to describe the technique and outcome of a modified tibial plateau levelling osteotomy (TPLO) that simultaneously levels the tibial plateau and realigns the quadriceps mechanism through medial translation of the proximal tibial segment in dogs less than 15 kg.

Materials And Methods:  A retrospective medical records search identified dogs with concurrent cranial cruciate ligament rupture (CCLR) and medial patellar luxation (MPL). A study group (76 stifles) treated with a modified TPLO was compared with a non-tibial translation group (45 stifles) corrected with traditional surgical technique. Read More

JBJS Case Connect 2019 Jan-Mar;9(1):e2

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Ankara Ataturk Training and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Case: Horizontal patellar dislocation is a rare clinical event, and there is no consensus on its management. We describe 2 relatively elderly patients with 2 different types of horizontal patellar dislocation who were successfully treated with closed reduction without general anesthesia.

Conclusion: Appropriate and gently managed closed reduction without general anesthesia may be successful in cases of acute horizontal patellar dislocation, provided there are no osteophytes or an injury that requires surgical treatment. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(50):e13605

Pediatric Orthopedics and Rehabilitation Clinic, Medical University of Lublin.

Background: Many surgical procedures have been described to treat recurrent patellar dislocation, but none of these techniques has been successful in all patients. The goal of the study was to evaluate the results of medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction in children. Two operative procedures were evaluated; a fascia lata allograft and an autologous gracilis graft. Read More

J Knee Surg 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Mount Carmel Health System, Columbus, Ohio.

Patellar dislocation is a relatively common knee injury and can be challenging to diagnose. We describe an arthroscopic finding we noted in recurrent patellar dislocation. Arthroscopic photos were evaluated from 50 knees with a history patellar dislocation and 100 control patients. Read More

Orthopedics 2019 Mar 13;42(2):e273-e275. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Femoral nerve palsy with concomitant patellar dislocation is a rare clinical entity that has not previously been well documented. The authors present the case of a 16-year-old female ballet dancer who sustained a patellar dislocation with concomitant femoral nerve palsy. She experienced muscle weakness after the initial injury and developed neuropathic symptoms through the anterior left thigh. Read More

Clin Orthop Surg 2018 Dec 21;10(4):420-426. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Center for Joint Disease, Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, Korea.

Background: The tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance is used to determine the necessity of tibial tubercle osteotomy. We conducted this study to determine the extent to which each of the tibial tuberosity lateralization, trochlear groove medialization, and knee rotation angle affects the TT-TG distance in both normal and patella dislocated patients and thereby scrutinize the rationale for tuberosity transfer based on the TT-TG distance.

Methods: Retrospective analysis of rotational profile computed tomography was done for patella dislocated and control group patients. Read More

Knee 2019 Jan 28;26(1):20-25. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Dept. of Orthopedic Surgery, Clinical Orthopedic Research Hvidovre (CORH), Copenhagen University Hospital Hvidovre, Denmark. Electronic address:

Background: To evaluate the trends in treatment of patellar dislocation in the Danish population as a whole from 1996 to 2014 and evaluate the incidence of persistent morbidity after Medial Patellofemoral Ligament Reconstruction (MPFL-R).

Methods: This epidemiological study was performed by retrospectively searching the Danish National Patients Registry from 1996 to 2014. The study investigated the trends in surgery performed on patients with patellar dislocations and the risk of persistent patellar morbidity (PPM) with an eight-year follow-up. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2019 Jan 28;47(1):66-70. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, San Diego, California, USA.

Background:: First-time patellar dislocation with an associated chondral or osteochondral loose body is typically treated operatively to address the loose fragment. The incidence of recurrent instability in this patient population if the medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is not reconstructed is unknown.

Purpose:: To determine the recurrent instability rate in patients undergoing surgery for patellar instability with chondral or osteochondral loose bodies, as well as to identify and stratify risk factors for recurrent instability. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2019 Feb 27;139(2):249-254. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Stanford University Medical Center Outpatient Center, 450 Broadway St., M/C 6342, Redwood City, CA, 94063, USA.

Background: Proper patellofemoral alignment is an important goal in total knee arthroplasty (TKA). Acceptable patellar alignment is defined as patellar tilt less than or equal to 5° and patellar displacement less than or equal to 5 mm. Previous studies reported an incidence of post-operative patellar malalignment in TKA from 7 to 35%. Read More

Injury 2019 Feb 13;50(2):534-540. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Magnetic Resonance imaging, Renmin Hospital, Hubei University of Medicine, Shiyan, 442000, Hubei, PR China. Electronic address:

Introduction: Acute lateral patellar dislocation is a very common condition in orthopedics, especially among adolescents and physically active patients. To evaluate distinct medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) injury patterns and the associated knee pathology after acute lateral patellar dislocation (ALPD) using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies, which is essential for the development of treatment protocols.

Materials And Methods: MRI images of 74 ALPD patients were taken between January 2015 to December 2016. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Dec 6;46(14):3385-3390. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Background:: First-time lateral patellar dislocations have historically been treated with a nonoperative approach; a clinical tool to predict patients who are most likely to redislocate may have clinical utility.

Purpose:: (1) To determine if there are discriminating factors present between patients who redislocated their patellas and those who did not after a first-time lateral patellar dislocation and (2) to use this information to develop a model that can predict the recurrence risk of lateral patellar dislocation in this population.

Study Design:: Case-control study; Level of evidence, 3. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Gelenkpunkt, Sports and Joint Surgery, Olympiastraße 39, 6020, Innsbruck, Austria.

Purpose: The medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) is the most important ligamentous stabilizer preventing lateral patella dislocation. Numerous surgical procedures for MPFL reconstruction have been described in the literature. The aim of this study was to investigate the clinical, functional and patient-reported (PROM) outcomes 2 years after minimally invasive MPFL reconstruction performed using an autologous strip of the quadriceps tendon. Read More

Aust Vet J 2018 Nov;96(11):428-432

Small Animal Surgery, Murdoch, WA, Australia.

Background: Patella alta is the proximal displacement of the patella within the femoral trochlea. Previous studies have identified an association between patella alta and patella luxation. Distalisation of the tibial tuberosity has been recommended to establish proximodistal alignment of the stifle extensor mechanism with the underlying femur in dogs affected by patella alta. Read More

Orthop Rev (Pavia) 2018 Sep 5;10(3):7688. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California San Francisco, Benioff Children's Hospital, Oakland, CA, USA.

Vertical patellar dislocations (VPDs) are a rare event, and even more so among pediatric female patients. There have been less than 30 vertical patellar dislocations reported in the literature since the first in 1844. In this type of dislocation, the patella rotates about its vertical axis with the articular surface facing either medially or laterally. Read More

Am Fam Physician 2018 Nov;98(10):570-576

West Virginia University School of Medicine-Eastern Campus, Harpers Ferry, WV, USA.

Braces and splints can immobilize and protect joints, reduce pain, decrease swelling, and facilitate healing of acute injuries. They are also used for injury prevention and chronic pain reduction, and to alter the function of a joint. The medial unloading (valgus) knee brace is an option for patients with medial knee osteoarthritis, but evidence of long-term benefit is limited. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Feb 13;27(2):652-658. Epub 2018 Oct 13.

Department of Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Klinikum Rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.

Purpose: Increased femoral antetorsion influences patellofemoral joint kinematics. The aim of this study was to retrospectively evaluate the clinical outcome after derotational osteotomies and combined procedures in patients with patellofemoral instability.

Methods: All patients with derotational osteotomies and combined procedures in patients with patellofemoral instability and increased femoral antetorsion performed between 2007 and 2016 were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Feb 6;27(2):604-610. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Arcus Sportklinik, Rastatter Str. 17-19, 75179, Pforzheim, Germany.

Purpose: To develop a dynamic physical examination test that functionally simulates actual patellar instability events and that mimics the range of patellar stabilizer insufficiency in an individual patient.

Methods: Seventy-eight consecutive patients (male/female 35/43; mean age 22 ± 7 years) with recurrent lateral patellar instability and 35 controls (male/female 16/19; mean age 31 ± 14 years) were prospectively evaluated using the reversed dynamic patellar apprehension test (ReDPAT). Anatomical predisposition was assessed according to Dejour's classification of trochlear dysplasia, tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove distance, tibial tuberosity-posterior cruciate ligament distance, patellar height, and varus/valgus malalignment. Read More

Rev Bras Ortop 2018 Sep-Oct;53(5):636-642. Epub 2018 Aug 20.

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Ortopedia e Traumatologia, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Osteochondral fracture after acute patellar dislocation in teenagers is relatively common (up to 60% of cases of patellar dislocation), but poorly diagnosed. There are several treatments proposed for this type of injury, but none well defined in the literature. A male patient, 13 years old, with a diagnosis of osteochondral fracture of the lateral femoral condyle after acute dislocation of the right patella. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018 Sep 25;19(1):346. Epub 2018 Sep 25.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kang-Dong Sacred Heart Hospital, Hallym University Medical School, 134-701, Gil-dong, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: To assess the clinical availability of an adjustable-length loop device for use in the double-bundle technique with aperture fixation at the patella and femur during anatomic double-bundle medial patellofemoral ligament reconstruction (DB-MPFLR) for recurrent patellar dislocation.

Methods: We retrospectively investigated 11 patients (12 knees) with recurrent patellar dislocation who underwent anatomic DB-MPFLR with an ipsilateral semitendinosus tendon autograft. The graft was folded in half, and its central portion was hanged using the adjustable-length loop device. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 08;32(8):1047-1051

Department of Sports Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming Yunnan, 650032, P.R.China.

Objective: To review the influencing factors of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for patellar dislocation.

Methods: The literature of MPFL reconstruction for patellar dislocation at home and abroad in recent years were summarized and analyzed.

Results: The influencing factors such as the location of the femoral insertion point, the tension and the fixed angle of the grafts, the dysplasia of the femoral trochlear before operation, the abnormal tuberositas tibiae-trochlear groove value, the high position of the patellar, and the tilting angle of the patellar, are all the factors affecting the effectiveness of MPLF reconstruction. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Feb 20;27(2):507-515. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Meir General Hospital, Kfar Saba, Israel.

Purpose: To report outcomes after combined medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) and medial patellotibial ligament (MPTL) reconstruction and test associations between prognostic factors and clinical outcomes. It was hypothesised that combined MPFL and MPTL reconstruction would result in significant improvement in function, and that outcomes would be associated with age, sex, Beighton score, concomitant articular lesions, and preoperative function.

Methods: All combined reconstructions of MPFL and MPTL were reviewed. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 14;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

Trauma and Orthopaedic Department, West Hertfordshire Hospitals NHS Trust, Watford, UK.

We describe the case of a 15-year-old girl who presented to the Accident and Emergency Department with right knee pain and a tense effusion following a twist and fall directly onto her right knee. An MRI scan demonstrated that she had an incarcerated dislocated patella with an associated patella avulsion fracture. This required open reduction. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd 2018 08 10;162. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

St. Antonius Ziekenhuis, afd. Traumachirurgie, Nieuwegein.

A 14-year-old boy presented with a painful knee following a distorsion. He was unable to actively extend his lower leg. Conventional radiography showed no signs of a fracture. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Nov 10;46(13):3209-3216. Epub 2018 Sep 10.

Orthopaedic Specialty Clinic, MVZ Oberstdorf, Teaching Hospital of the University of Ulm, Oberstdorf, Germany.

Background:: Trochlear dysplasia is the most important risk factor for patellofemoral instability among adolescents; therefore, trochleoplasty to reshape the trochlear groove is the treatment of choice for patients with high-grade trochlear dysplasia. However, in the presence of open growth plates, there is a potential risk of injury to the distal femoral growth plate and subsequent growth disturbance. As such, most authors do not recommend trochleoplasty for skeletally immature patients. Read More

Cartilage 2018 Sep 3:1947603518796124. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

1 Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kaiser Permanente Southern California, Baldwin Park, CA, USA.

Objective To evaluate clinical, functional, and radiographic outcomes of patients who underwent bipolar osteochondral allograft transplantation (OCAT) of the patellofemoral joint (PFJ). Design Prospectively collected data on 18 knees who underwent fresh osteochondral allograft transplantation of the patella and trochlea by a single surgeon were reviewed. Inclusion criteria were: high-grade chondral lesions of PFJ (5 knees), or recurrent patella dislocations with trochlear dysplasia and chondral injury to the patella and/or trochlea (13 knees). Read More

Orthopedics 2018 Nov 21;41(6):e884-e887. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Hypoplastic meniscus is an extremely rare abnormality. The authors present the first case of meniscal hypoplasia with a partial fusion of meniscus and tibial cartilage. A 22-year-old man underwent surgery for a chronic patellar dislocation. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 10 10;55(4):567-569. Epub 2018 Aug 10.

University of Arizona, College of Medicine, Tucson, Arizona; University of Ohio, Columbus, Ohio.

Eklem Hastalik Cerrahisi 2018 Aug;29(2):123-7

Department of Orthopedics and Traumatology, Medicine Faculty of Gazi University, 06500 Beşevler, Ankara, Turkey.

Congenital dislocation of the patella is a rare and difficult pathology to treat. We present a case of bilateral congenital dislocation of the patella with synostosis of proximal tibiofibular and proximal radioulnar joints without genu valgum deformity of both knees in a 30-year-old man. To our knowledge, congenital dislocation of the patella associated with synostosis of proximal tibiofibular and proximal radioulnar joints has not been reported in the literature yet. Read More

Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2019 Jan 14;27(1):197-205. Epub 2018 Jul 14.

Department of Ultrasonography, Shandong Provincial Qianfoshan Hospital of Shandong University, 16766 Jingshi Rd, Li-Xia District, Jinan, 250014, China.

Purpose: To examine the predictors of the second-time lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) in patients after acute first-time LPD in a 5-year follow-up.

Methods: Data were collected prospectively from patients after acute first-time LPD with conservative treatment. Factors included sex, age at the first-time LPD, anatomical variants [trochlear dysplasia, patellar height, tibial tuberosity-trochlear groove (TT-TG) distance], and injury patterns of medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) in acute first-time LPD. Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2018 Aug 6;80(8):1309-1316. Epub 2018 Jul 6.

Synergy Animal General Hospital, 815 Ishigami Kawaguchi, Saitama 333-0823, Japan.

Patellar luxation is abnormal displacement of the patella from the femoral trochlear groove. It is seen primarily in small breed dogs and causes pain and limited mobility of the stifle joint. This study aimed to investigate the relationship among patellar luxation, skin extension, and skin collagen fibril diameter. Read More

Arch Orthop Trauma Surg 2018 Nov 11;138(11):1563-1573. Epub 2018 Jun 11.

Department of Clinical Research, University of Basel, Schanzenstr. 55, 4051, Basel, Switzerland.

Introduction: The aim of this systematic review is to determine the effect of patella height on clinical outcomes after isolated MPFL reconstruction for patella instability. Our primary hypothesis is that patients with patella alta report similar outcomes after isolated MPFL reconstruction compared to patients with normal patella height.

Methods: A review of the literature was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. Read More

Zhongguo Gu Shang 2018 Jun;31(6):577-581

Department of Radiology, the Third People's Hospital of Cixi, Cixi 315324, Zhejiang, China;

Objective: To explore the diagnostic value of MRI in the transient dislocation of the patella.

Methods: The DR and MRI data of 35 patients with acute patellar transient dislocation from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, including 12 males and 23 females, ranging in age from 10 to 23 years old, with an average of 17 years old. The differences between DR and MRI diagnosis and surgical or discharge diagnosis were compared, and the difference between them in diagnosis of knee anatomical position, bone injury, signs and soft tissue injury were compared. Read More

J Clin Orthop Trauma 2018 Jun 24;9(Suppl 2):S39-S43. Epub 2018 Feb 24.

Department of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery B, Integrated University Hospital, Polo Chirurgico Confortini, Piazzale A. Stefani 1, 37126 Verona, Italy.

Transient lateral patellar dislocation (TLPD) is a common lesion in young adults. Vascular injury as a complication of TLPD has not been previously described. We report a case of descending genicular artery (DGA) injury after TLPD. Read More

Knee 2018 Aug 6;25(4):602-608. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 500 Parnassus Ave, MU 320-W, San Francisco, CA 94143, United States.

Background: Pediatric patellar instability has a high recurrence rate with non-operative care, and medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction has known complications. MPFL repair offers an alternative method to restore patellar stability. This study's purpose was to assess the outcomes of MPFL repair in a pediatric cohort, and to compare these outcomes to a cohort of pediatric patients who underwent MPFL reconstruction. Read More

Bone Joint J 2018 06;100-B(6):811-821

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hebei Medical University Third Affiliated Hospital, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.

Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the changes in femoral trochlear morphology following surgical correction of recurrent patellar dislocation associated with trochlear dysplasia in children.

Patients And Methods: A total of 23 patients with a mean age of 9.6 years (7 to 11) were included All had bilateral recurrent patellar dislocation associated with femoral trochlear dysplasia. Read More

J Orthop Surg (Hong Kong) 2018 May-Aug;26(2):2309499018777026

3 Department of Health, Clinical Genetic Service, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.

Patellar instability is a common debilitating injury affecting young active individuals. It accounts for approximately 3% of all knee injuries. We report a family, of which five members across three generations, who suffered from autosomal dominant familial recurrent patellar dislocation as well as short stature. Read More

Am J Sports Med 2018 Aug 30;46(10):2328-2340. Epub 2018 May 30.

Department of Women's and Children's Health, Karolinska Institutet, Solna, Sweden.

Background: A lateral patellar dislocation (LPD) is the most common traumatic knee injury with hemarthrosis in children. The redislocation rate is high. Varying operative and nonoperative treatments have been advocated with no consensus on the best treatment. Read More

Zhongguo Xiu Fu Chong Jian Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 02;32(2):169-173

Department of Orthopedics, No.3 Hospital of Xi'an, P.R.China.

Objective: To investigate the effectiveness of the arthroscopic lateral retinacular release combined with medial patellofemoral ligament (MPFL) reconstruction for patellar dislocation.

Methods: Between January 2016 and March 2017, 28 cases (32 knees) with patellar dislocation were treated by arthroscopic lateral retinacular release and MPFL reconstruction. There were 6 males (6 knees) and 22 females (26 knees) with an average age of 21 years (range, 17-29 years). Read More