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Crit Rev Oncol Hematol 2019 May 2;137:92-107. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori "Fondazione G. Pascale", IRCCS, Naples, Italy.

Esophageal Neuroendocrine tumors (NETs) are rare, aggressive and lacking specific symptoms. This causes a diagnostic delay, worsening the prognosis. Numerous cases are reported in literature, without a consensus on the management. Read More

Korean J Intern Med 2019 Apr 19. Epub 2019 Apr 19.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China.

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Apr;98(15):e15210

Thyroid and Parathyroid Surgery Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37, Guoxue Alley, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.

Rationale: Recurrence of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) usually requires a second operation, which carries a high complication rate, especially if central neck dissection (CND) is necessary. Recurrent PTC from pyramidal lobe is a rare entity, which is mainly due to non-standardized operation. However, literature on this topic is limited. Read More

Equine Vet J 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Baker Institute for Animal Health, Cornell University College of Veterinary Medicine, Ithaca, New York, 14853, USA.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism is uncommon in equids.

Objectives: To describe the diagnostic findings and efficacy of treatment in equids with primary hyperparathyroidism.

Study Design: Retrospective case series describing sixteen horses and one mule. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Mar 21;57:106-109. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Anatomy and Histology Laboratory, School of Nursing, University of Athens, Greece; University Department of Surgery, General and Oncologic Hospital of Kifissia "Agii Anargiri", Athens, Greece.

Introduction: Ectopic parathyroid glands occur in 6-16% of cases of PHPT and they constitute a potential cause of failed primary surgical therapy. In particular, aberrant adenomas located deeper in the mediastinum, as in the presented case, remain a severe challenge for the surgeons.

Presentation Of Case: A 54-year-old Caucasian female proceeded to our institution with signs and symptoms of PHPT. Read More

Mol Imaging Radionucl Ther 2019 Mar;28(1):41-43

University of Health Sciences, Dışkapı Yıldırım Beyazıt Training and Research Hospital, Department of Pathology, Ankara, Turkey

A 52-year-old woman presented with a complaint of neck swelling. The patient showed signs of hyperparathyroidism: hypercalcemia, and hypophosphatemia. Tc-99m MIBI dual-phase parathyroid scintigraphy and SPECT revealed increased activity in a regular-bordered, “doughnut”-shaped mass on the left side of the thyroid gland with a central hypoactive area. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Mar 19;98(3):149-157. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

2 Division of Nuclear Medicine and Molecular Imaging, Department of Radiology, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.

Localization of parathyroid adenomas for treatment of primary hyperparathyroidism can be challenging. This retrospective study compared single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography (SPECT/CT), 4D-CT, and US studies in detection of adenomas prior to surgery. A retrospective chart review was performed on all consecutive patients with parathyroid adenoma presenting to an urban tertiary care medical center. Read More

Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove) 2019 ;62(1):1-5

Nuclear Medicine Department, University Hospital Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.

Introduction: Preoperative parathyroid imaging is inevitable part of focused parathyroid surgery. The aim of our study was assessment of parathyroid scintigraphy diagnostic accuracy regarding to size and metabolic parameters of hyperfunctioning parathyroid tissue.

Material And Methods: Parathyroid scintigraphy for suspected primary hyperparathyroidism was performed in 95 patients during years 2015 and 2016. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 May 16;276(5):1509-1516. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Assuta Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv. Affiliated with Ben Gurion University, Beersheba, Israel.

Purpose: Preoperative localization of a parathyroid adenoma is usually obtained by the combination of ultrasound and scintigraphy with technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile. We evaluated the role of F18-fluorocholine in neck positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging as a novel tool for localizing parathyroid adenomas.

Methods: Patients with primary hyperparathyroidism were recruited from February 2016 to August 2017 and F18-fluorocholine positron emission tomography/magnetic resonance imaging was performed to localize the parathyroid adenoma prior to surgery. Read More

J Nucl Med 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Noordwest Ziekenhuisgroep, Netherlands.

F-fluorocholine (FCH) PET/CT is a promising and increasingly used scan technique in preoperative imaging of parathyroid adenoma. Several acquisition methods have been evaluated in literature but the optimal image acquisition time point after administration of the tracer is still under debate. Patients with hyperparathyroidism, who received a dual-time-point FCH PET/CT (image acquisition 5 min and 60 min post injection) with histologically proven pathological parathyroid glands were retrospectively included in the study. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2019 Feb 28;57:1-4. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Surgery, Lyell McEwin Hospital, Haydown Rd., Elizabeth Vale, South Australia, 5112, Australia.

Introduction: Intra-operative parathyroid hormone (I-OPTH) levels are an adjunct used in parathyroid surgery which provides assurance that parathyroidectomy surgery is complete and has removed the hypersecreting gland.

Presentation Of Case: A 78 year old female with no localisation on pre-operative imaging and had previous hemithyroidectomy. I-OPTH was used to guide the side and timing for completion of exploration, factors which reduced operative time, operative cost and avoided potential complications. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 May 14;276(5):1541-1544. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Centre hospitalo-universitaire de Nîmes, Service d'oto-rhino-laryngologie, Rue du Professeur Robert Debré, 30900, Nîmes, France.

Purpose: Characterization of thyroid nodules is crucial to propose surgical intervention for histological verification. Cervical ultrasound potentially combined with fine needle aspiration is recommended, and fluorocholine positron emission tomography (FCH-PET), commonly used in prostatic cancers, has been evaluated in the diagnosis of thyroid cancers in recent publications.

Methods: We present two cases of patients with multinodular thyroid and primary hyperparathyroidism. Read More

Jpn J Radiol 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Radiology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, 8-35-1 Sakuragaoka, Kagoshima City, 890-8544, Japan.

Purpose: To describe CT features of parathyroid carcinomas (PCs) by comparison with benign parathyroid lesions (BPs).

Methods: This retrospective study comprised 82 patients with 76 BPs (62 adenomas and 14 hyperplastic lesions) and 6 PCs. CT features (size, short-to-long axis ratio, shape, peritumoral infiltration, homogeneity, calcification, attenuation values on unenhanced CT, and contrast enhancement during arterial and venous phases) were compared between PCs and BPs. Read More

North Clin Istanb 2018 9;5(4):361-364. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Department of Radiology, Ondokuz Mayis University Faculty of Medicine, Samsun, Turkey.

Parathyroid glands are endocrine glands that secrete parathyroid hormone (PTH) and regulate calcium-phosphor metabolism. The overexpression of PTH is called hyperparathyroidism (HPT), and is classified as primary, secondary, and tertiary. Primer HPT (PHPT) is the most common cause of parathyroid adenomas (80%-85%). Read More

Ann Ital Chir 2019 Mar 4;8. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Aim: The aim of this study was to evaluate a new imaging method 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT as an alternative method to diagnose evidence of neuroendocrine tumors or their metastasis (if any) in patient with MEN 2A.

Methods: Three patients( 2F, 1M; age 28,46 and 50 years) with MEN 2A syndrome who underwent 68Ga-DOTATATE PET/CT scan were prospectively evaluated. PET/CT images were analyzed with measurement of maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmax). Read More

Radiology 2019 May 5;291(2):469-476. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

From the Department of Radiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Medical Center, 622 W 168th St, New York, NY 10032 (R.Y., L.D., D.K.L.); Department of Radiology, Molecular Imaging and Therapy Service, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY (R.Y.); Department of Medicine, Division of Endocrinology (Y.K.D.T., G.T., L.B., J.P.B.), and Department of Surgery, Division of GI/Endocrine Surgery (J.H.K., C.M., J.A.L.), College of Physicians & Surgeons, Columbia University, New York, NY; Osteoporosis and Bone Metabolism Unit, Department of Endocrinology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore (Y.K.D.T.); Bristol-Myers Squibb, Princeton, NJ (D.K.L.); and Unit of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Department of Medicine Campus Bio-Medico University of Rome, Italy (G.T.).

Background There currently is no consensus on the optimal localization procedure and imaging protocol for parathyroid adenoma. Parathyroid four-dimensional (4D) CT has emerged as a promising method for preoperative localization. Purpose To evaluate the diagnostic performance of parathyroid 4D CT and technetium 99m-sestamibi (hereafter, referred to as sestamibi) SPECT/CT in preoperative localization in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Jan 28;98(1):14-17. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

1 Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

During routine blood work, a 53-year-old female patient was noted to have asymptomatic hypercalcemia and subsequently found to have hyperparathyroidism. Localization studies for a suspected parathyroid adenoma included Tc Sestamibi scintigraphy, Single Photon Emission Computed Tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT) study, and ultrasound of the neck, which were initially read as negative for parathyroid adenoma. A contrast-enhanced CT scan of the neck was performed to locate the suspected parathyroid adenoma and demonstrated a soft tissue lesion within the right piriform sinus. Read More

Laryngoscope Investig Otolaryngol 2019 Feb 28;4(1):188-192. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery Augusta University Augusta Georgia.

Objective: Recent advances in preoperative imaging techniques and intraoperative parathyroid hormone (ioPTH) assays have made single-gland, minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP) the preferred treatment option for most patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT). Despite this evolution, a recommendation for bilateral neck exploration (BNE) with four-gland dissection in all patients has recently been advocated by a parathyroid surgical group. The current study compares the long-term outcomes of MIP with those of conventional BNE with four-gland dissection in patients with pHPT. Read More

Am Surg 2019 Feb;85(2):214-218

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common cause of hypercalcemia. Follow-up can be resource-intensive and costly. The aim of this study was to determine if there is a subset of patients who can be defined cured earlier than six months. Read More

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019 May 20;46(5):1201-1202. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

CHU Bordeaux, Hôpital Haut-Lévêque, Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie et Nutrition, 1 avenue Magellan, 33600, Pessac, France.

Saudi J Med Med Sci 2018 May-Aug;6(2):95-99. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Medical Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Background: Primary hyperparathyroidism due to parathyroid adenoma presenting with pancreatitis as the initial manifestation is rare. The causal relationship between pancreatitis and primary hyperparathyroidism is debatable.

Objective: To study the clinical and biochemical profile of patients with parathyroid adenoma-associated pancreatitis as well as the outcome following parathyroidectomy. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2019 Mar 22;112:207-213. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Department of General Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to assess the feasibility of four-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging (4D MRI) at 3 T for the localization of parathyroid adenomas.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative 4D MRI scans, encompassing dynamic contrast-enhanced (DCE) sequences and non-contrast enhanced (non-CE) sequences, including a T2-weighted multipoint Dixon (T2-mDixon) sequence, with in-phase, out-phase, and water-only images, were evaluated retrospectively in 41 patients with surgically proven parathyroid lesions. Two readers who were blinded to the surgical findings independently reviewed the images in two sessions (non-CE sequences alone and non-CE + DCE sequences). Read More

J Crit Care Med (Targu Mures) 2019 Jan 4;5(1):34-39. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Sciences and Technology of Târgu Mureş, Romania.

Introduction: A hypercalcaemic crisis, also called para thyrotoxicosis, hyper parathyroid crisis or parathyroid storm, is a complication of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) and an endocrinology emergency that can have dramatic or even fatal consequences if it is not recognised and treated in time.

Case Presentation: Two cases presented in the emergency department with critical hypercalcaemic symptoms and severe elevation of serum calcium and parathyroid hormone levels, consistent with a hypercalcaemic crisis. The first case, a 16-year-old female patient, had imaging data that highlighted a single right inferior parathyroid adenoma and a targeted surgical approach was used. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 May;40(5):469-476

Department of Medicine, Division of Nuclear Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: Proposed mechanisms of parathyroid localization in 'dual-phase' technetium-99m-sestamibi imaging include increased presence of mitochondria leading to greater uptake and slower washout compared with thyroid tissues owing to reduced expression of P-glycoprotein. Using new techniques of quantitative single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT)/computed tomography (CT), we have measured MIBI uptake and washout to better understand factors related to conspicuity.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively reviewed 125 consecutive patients. Read More

Horm Res Paediatr 2019 Feb 8:1-8. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Tokyo Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan,

Introduction: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) occurs as part of familial syndromes, including CDC73-related disorders caused by germline pathogenic variants of the CDC73 gene, particularly in early adulthood. Herein, we report a familial case of a whole germline CDC73 deletion discordant for PHPT.

Case Description: A 15-year-old boy was admitted to our hospital because of persistent nausea and vomiting. Read More

Endocr Pract 2019 Apr 18;25(4):361-365. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Accurate pre-operative image localization is critical in the selection of minimally invasive parathyroidectomy as a surgical treatment approach in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT). Sestamibi scan, ultrasound, computed tomography, and conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has varying accuracy in localizing parathyroid adenoma (PTA). Our group has previously shown that four-dimensional (4D) MRI is more accurate than conventional imaging in identifying single adenomas. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(5):e14351

Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China.

Rationale: Cystic parathyroid adenomas are rare and seldom arise in ectopically located glands which may be found within the carotid sheath, mediastinum, thymus, or thyroid grand. They cannot be detected consistently by any imaging methods. Unusual symptoms may bring about certain pitfalls and difficulties for the diagnosis of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) caused by cystic parathyroid adenomas. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(5):e14347

Department of Surgery, Division of Surgical Oncology.

Rationale: Spontaneous anterior cervical or mediastinal hemorrhage is a rare presentation of parathyroid adenoma.

Patient Concerns: A 69-year-old woman presented with neck hematoma and dysphagia and was found to have a soft tissue mass adjacent to her thyroid gland as seen on MRI and neck ultrasound.

Diagnosis: Laboratory testing demonstrated elevated calcium and parathyroid hormone supporting diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Jan;98(4):e14154

"Lucian Blaga" University of Sibiu, Romania.

Rationale: Primary hyperparathyroidism, usually as a result of a hyperfunctioning parathyroid gland, represents more than 90% cases of patients evaluated for hypercalcemia. Combined techniques of preoperative scintigraphy and SPECT/CT serve as a successful minimally-invasive parathyroidectomy. This recent imaging method provides four-dimensional functional images with advanced contrast resolution which greatly facilitates preoperative localization of parathyroid adenomas. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 21;9:777. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Unit of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine and Sciences of Aging and Ce.S.I.-Me.T., University of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.

Cinacalcet, a calcimimetic drug, is considered a safe and valid option for the treatment of hypercalcemia in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism who are unable to undergo parathyroidectomy. Hypocalcemia and gastrointestinal adverse reactions are the main side effects reported in patients treated with cinacalcet. We present here the case of an 80-years-old patient with primary hyperparathyroidism treated with cinacalcet for 17 months who developed a severe and symptomatic episode of hypocalcemia requiring hospitalization 1 month after reaching a daily dose of 180 mg. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 26;30:232. Epub 2018 Jul 26.

Service d'Endocrinologie, Diabétologie CHU Hédi Chaker Sfax, Tunisie.

Eur J Nucl Med Mol Imaging 2019 Apr 19;46(4):1041. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Technische Universität München, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.

Nuklearmedizin 2018 12 18;57(6):N55-N56. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Feb;44(2):140-141

From the Departments of Nuclear Medicine, and.

F-Fluorocholine is a relatively new, extremely versatile radiotracer for detecting proliferative or mitogenic activity. Its diagnostic potential has been explored in cancers of the prostate, liver, esophagus, breast, brain, and lung, as well as lymphoma, sarcoma, melanoma, and parathyroid adenomas. The authors present a case where fluorocholine PET/CT performed for characterizing a space-occupying lesion in the brain revealed intensely tracer-avid skull lesions with intracranial soft tissue component and multiple other skeletal lesions. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Feb 16;47(2):836-845. Epub 2018 Dec 16.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Objective: To investigate the accuracy of dual-tracer scintigraphy for locating parathyroid adenomas in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT).

Methods: We reviewed 268 patients with PHPT. All patients underwent technetium-99m pertechnetate (TcO) scintigraphy and technetium-99m methoxyisobutylisonitrile (Tc-MIBI) dual-tracer scintigraphy of the thyroid and parathyroid glands, respectively. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Endocrinol Metab 2018 12 6;32(6):847-859. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park Way, Cardiff, CF14 4XW, UK. Electronic address:

Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism (pHPT) is the commonest cause of hypercalcaemia in the ambulatory population. It has a female preponderance and its incidence is increasing. In 85% of cases it is caused by a single parathyroid adenoma, with four gland hyperplasia in up to 20%. Read More

Innovations (Phila) 2018 Nov/Dec;13(6):451-454

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Heart Center, Cebeci Hospitals, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.

We report a case of 53-year-old woman with the parathyroid adenoma (PA) located in the aortopulmonary window with an aberrant right subclavian artery. Her preoperative calcium level was 11.3 mg/dL (reference range = 8. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2019 Jan 6;40(1):142-149. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Nuclear Medicine (H.H.C., F.C.W.), The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Background And Purpose: Minimally invasive parathyroid surgery relies critically on image guidance, but data comparing the efficacy of various imaging modalities are scarce. Our aim was to perform a blinded comparison of the localizing capability of technetium Tc99m sestamibi SPECT, multiphase multidetector 4D CT, and the combination of these 2 modalities (technetium Tc99m sestamibi SPECT + multiphase multidetector 4D CT).

Materials And Methods: We reviewed the records of 31 (6 men, 25 women; median age, 56 years) consecutive patients diagnosed with biochemically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism between November 2009 and March 2010 who underwent preoperative technetium Tc99m sestamibi SPECT and multiphase multidetector 4D CT performed on the same scanner with pathologic confirmation by resection of a single parathyroid adenoma. Read More

BJS Open 2018 Dec 28;2(6):364-370. Epub 2018 May 28.

Department of Ear, Nose and Throat, Head and Neck Surgery St George's Hospital London UK.

Background: The majority of patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) have a single overactive adenoma. Advances in preoperative imaging and surgical adjuncts have given rise to minimally invasive parathyroidectomy (MIP), with lower complication rates in comparison with bilateral neck exploration. Misdiagnosis and undertreatment of multiglandular disease, leading to potentially higher recurrence rates, remains a concern. Read More

Physiol Res 2018 Nov;67(Supplementum 3):S551-S557

Institute of Endocrinology, Prague, Czech Republic.

(18)F-fluorocholine positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FCH) was performed after inconclusive neck ultrasound and (99)Tc-sestaMIBI SPECT (MIBI) scintigraphy in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) to localize abnormal parathyroid glands before surgery. The results were retrospectively evaluated and compared to postoperative histopathological findings. 13 patients with PHPT were enrolled (mean age 64. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2019 Mar/Apr;43(2):264-268

From the Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC.

Objective: The purposes of this study were to describe trends in parathyroid imaging utilization and to compare the sensitivities of sonography, scintigraphy, and 4-dimensional computed tomography (4DCT) in different imaging algorithms.

Methods: A retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent parathyroid surgery from 2009 to 2014 was performed. Utilization and accuracy were compared for sonography, scintigraphy, and 4DCT. Read More

Case Rep Otolaryngol 2018 24;2018:7340937. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Otolaryngology Medical Specialist, Department of Otolaryngology Hospital Pedro Hispano, Unidade Local de Saúde de Matosinhos, EPE, Matosinhos, Portugal.

Nontraumatic haematoma of parapharyngeal space is very rare and may cause dysphagia and dyspnea. The authors present a case report of a 74-year-old woman with sudden nontraumatic neck swelling without dyspnea and with left pharyngeal bulging and endolaryngeal displacement. Parathyroid hormone elevation and imaging exams confirmed bleeding from a parathyroid adenoma. Read More

Diagn Cytopathol 2019 Feb 21;47(2):94-99. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey.

Background And Objectives: The accurate identification of hyper functioning parathyroid gland is needed for definitive surgical treatment in primary hyperparathyroidism. Ultrasonography and 99mTechnetium sestamibi scintigraphy are the two most used methods with varying sensitivities. This study aimed to assess the value of parathyroid hormone (PTH) assay in preoperative ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration (FNA)-PTH washout fluid to verify the correct localisation of lesions with negative or inconclusive scintigraphy results. Read More

Nucl Med Commun 2019 Feb;40(2):96-105

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Northwest Clinics, Alkmaar, The Netherlands.

One of the most promising imaging techniques in primary hyperparathyroidism is PET/CT with choline-based tracers. To investigate the current evidence of these tracers in localizing parathyroid adenoma, a systematic review was performed. A comprehensive literature search was carried out and eligible studies were analyzed. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2018 23;2018:9261749. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Division of General Surgery, Department of Surgery, University Health Network, Canada.

A 71-year-old man with known history of atrial fibrillation (treated with routine rivaroxaban therapy) was found to have incidental biochemical elevated calcium and parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. His physical examination demonstrated the presence of a palpable right neck mass. Subsequent imaging studies revealed a large parathyroid mass as well as multiple bone lesions, raising the suspicion of parathyroid carcinoma. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2019 Feb;44(2):148-149

Department of Radiology, University of Michigan.

In addition to nuclear cardiac and breast imaging, Tc-sestamibi scintigraphy is often used to localize parathyroid adenomas. F- fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET is heavily utilized in oncology, although its use in identifying parathyroid adenomas is limited. We describe a case of a 57-year-old woman who underwent parathyroid scintigraphy and F-FDG PET/CT in the same week due to hyperparathyroidism and an enlarging breast mass, respectively. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2018 Nov 8;19:1334-1337. Epub 2018 Nov 8.

Fourth Surgical Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, General Hospital "G. Papanikolaou", Thessaloniki, Greece.

BACKGROUND Solitary parathyroid adenomas are the leading cause of primary hyperparathyroidism in 0% to 85% of cases. Diagnosis of parathyroid adenoma is based on typical clinical presentation of hypercalcemia, biochemical profile, and modern imaging studies. The purpose of this article is to present the diagnostic and therapeutic approach used for a 73-year-old female patient with a giant parathyroid adenoma measuring 5×2. Read More

QJM 2019 Feb;112(2):127-128

Department of Thoracic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Indian J Nucl Med 2018 Oct-Dec;33(4):355-358

Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, Karnataka, India.

Choline is a natural substrate for phospholipid synthesis. F-18 labeled fluorocholine nowadays is routinely used for imaging brain tumors, parathyroid adenoma, and prostate cancer. It is synthesized through nucleophilic substitution reaction using dibromomethane and N, N-dimethylaminoethanol as primary and secondary precursors, respectively. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(44):e13107

Department of Radiology, Tongde Hospital of Zhejiang Province.

Rationale: Primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPTI) with respiratory tract symptom is extremely rare. It is caused by autonomic oversecretion of parathyroid hormone (PTH) owing to parathyroid adenoma, hyperplasia, or tumor. The diagnosis of PHPTI often needs to be made based on medical history, clinical manifestation, laboratory tests, and imaging examination. Read More