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Clin Microbiol Infect 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Institute of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Background: Only clinically validated HPV assays can be accepted in cervical cancer screening.

Objectives: To update the list of high-risk HPV assays that fulfil the 2009 international validation criteria (Meijer-2009).

Data Sources: PubMed/Medline, Embase, Scopus, references from selected studies; published in January 2014-August 2020. Read More

JCO Oncol Pract 2021 May;17(5):e695-e702

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospitals Cleveland Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH.

Purpose: Human papilloma virus-positive (HPV+) oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinoma (OPSCC), diagnosed with p16 immunohistochemistry, is associated with favorable prognosis; however, this connection was established using European American (EA)-skewed populations. The impact of p16/human papillomavirus status on outcomes in African American (AA) OPSCC patients remains to be settled. In this study, we determine the association between cancer disparity and p16 status in an OPSCC cohort controlling for time to treatment initiation (TTI), a surrogate for medical care access. Read More

WMJ 2021 Apr;120(1):62-65

University of Wisconsin Carbone Cancer Center, Madison, Wisconsin.

Background: Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a recognized cause of cancer in both males and females. HPV vaccination prevents development of HPV-associated diseases.

Methods: Wisconsin HPV vaccination rates (2016-2019) were obtained from the Wisconsin Immunization Registry. Read More

Cancer 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Interventional Treatment Center, Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.

Background: There is a paucity of global comparative trend analyses of all human papillomavirus (HPV)-attributable cancers. In addition, most analyses by international sources only describe past trends; few studies have projected the future trend of HPV-attributable cancers.

Methods: Data were used from the Cancer Incidence in Five Continents (CI5plus) database that contains annual incidence by cancer site, age, and sex, as well as corresponding populations. Read More

Hum Reprod 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Randers Regional Hospital, Randers, Denmark.

Study Question: Is the risk of high-grade precancerous cervical lesions and/or is the risk of lesion progression increased in users of a hormone-containing intrauterine device (HIUD) compared with users of other contraceptive methods.

Summary Answer: Women starting use of HIUD had the same subsequent risk of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia 3+ (CIN3+) as copper IUD (CIUD) users, and both groups tended to have lower risks than oral contraceptives (OC) users.

What Is Known Already: HIUDs may cause inflammatory and immunosuppressive changes that may potentially affect the risk of persistent human papillomavirus infection and precancerous cervical lesions. Read More

PLoS Pathog 2021 May 11;17(5):e1009580. Epub 2021 May 11.

Institute of Cellular Virology, Westphalian Wilhelms-University of Münster, Münster, Germany.

Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) utilize an atypical mode of nuclear import during cell entry. Residing in the Golgi apparatus until mitosis onset, a subviral complex composed of the minor capsid protein L2 and viral DNA (L2/vDNA) is imported into the nucleus after nuclear envelope breakdown by associating with mitotic chromatin. In this complex, L2 plays a crucial role in the interactions with cellular factors that enable delivery and ultimately tethering of the viral genome to mitotic chromatin. Read More

J Contin Educ Health Prof 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Dr. Drainoni: Research Professor, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health, Boston, MA; Codirector, Evans Center for Implementation and Improvement Sciences, Boston, MA. Ms. Biancarelli: Consultant, Accenture, Boston, MA. Ms. Jansen: Senior Program Manager, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Dr. Bernstein: Emeritus Professor, Boston University School of Public Health; Professor of Emergency Medicine, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Dr. Joseph: Clinical Associate Professor of Adolescent Medicine and Pediatrics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Ms. Eun: PhD Student, Department of Sociology, Stanford University, Boston, MA. Dr. Fenton: Postdoctoral Fellow, Center for Outcomes Research & Evaluation, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Boston, MA. Dr. Clark: Professor, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, MA. Dr. Hanchate: Associate Professor, Boston University Schools of Medicine and Public Health; Health Economist, VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston, MA. Mr. Legler: Senior Healthcare Statistician, Boston VA Healthcare System, Boston, MA. Dr. Schuch: Chief Information Officer, Pediatrician at South Boston Community Health Center, Boston, MA. Dr. Leschly: Assistant Professor, Boston University School of Medicine; Medical Director, East Boston Neighborhood Health Center, Boston, MA. Dr. Perkins: Associate Professor, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA.

Introduction: Few studies have rigorously evaluated the drivers of successful implementation of interventions to improve human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination rates. The aim of this study was to evaluate the implementation of Development of Systems and Education for HPV Vaccination (DOSE HPV), a performance improvement intervention.

Methods: Primary care providers (PCPs), nurses, and individuals with leadership roles from pediatric and family medicine practices who attended DOSE HPV intervention sessions participated in qualitative interviews immediately following intervention completion. Read More

Viral Immunol 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Bioinformatics and Biological Statistics, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, P.R. China.

Papillomaviruses are placed within the family Papillomaviride, and the members of this family have a double-stranded circular DNA genome. Every year, ∼30% of cancers are reported to be human papillomavirus (HPV) related, which represents 63,000 cancers of all infectious agent-induced cancers. HPV16 and HPV18 are reported to be associated with 70% of cervical cancers. Read More

Cancer Epidemiol Biomarkers Prev 2021 May 10. Epub 2021 May 10.

Division of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, Illinois.

Background: Male circumcision reduces the risk of human immunodeficiency virus infection in men. We assessed the effect of male circumcision on the incidence and natural history of human papillomavirus (HPV) in a randomized clinical trial in Kisumu, Kenya.

Methods: Sexually active, 18- to 24-year-old men provided penile exfoliated cells for HPV DNA testing every 6 months for 2 years. Read More

Infect Agent Cancer 2021 May 10;16(1):29. Epub 2021 May 10.

Istituto Nazionale Tumori - IRCCS "Fondazione Pascale", Naples, Italy.

Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a sexually transmitted infection common among men and women of reproductive age worldwide. HPV viruses are associated with epithelial lesions and cancers. HPV infections have been shown to be significantly associated with many adverse effects in reproductive function. Read More

Digestion 2021 May 10:1-9. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Infectious Disease Unit, Geneva University Hospitals and Faculty of Medicine, Geneva, Switzerland.

Background: Patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) have a higher risk of infection and are frequently not up to date with their immunizations.

Objectives: This study aims to review vaccination status and evaluate whether age, disease type, or treatment regimen could predict the absence of seroprotection against selected vaccine-preventable infection in adults with IBD.

Methods: Cross-sectional study using questionnaire, immunization records review, and assessment of tetanus-specific, varicella-specific, and measles-specific immunoglobulin G concentrations. Read More

Exp Cell Res 2021 May 7:112632. Epub 2021 May 7.

School of Biotechnology, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi-110067, India. Electronic address:

Retinoblastoma protein (pRB) regulates cell cycle by utilizing different regions of its pocket domain for interacting with E2F family of transcription factors and with cellular and viral proteins containing an LxCxE motif. The LxCxE motif is present on FZR1, an adaptor protein of the multi-subunit E3 ligase complex anaphase-promoting complex/cyclosome (APC/C). The APC/C complex regulates the timely degradation of multiple cell cycle proteins for mitotic exit and maintains G1 state. Read More

PLoS Med 2021 May 10;18(5):e1003641. Epub 2021 May 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Institute of Clinical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: Treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is associated with an increased risk of preterm delivery (PTD) although the exact pathomechanism is not yet understood. Women with untreated CIN also seem to have an increased risk of PTD. It is unclear whether this is attributable to human papillomavirus (HPV) infection or other factors. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2021 May 3;4(5):e216481. Epub 2021 May 3.

Foundation Medicine Inc, Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Health Promot Pract 2021 May 10:15248399211013002. Epub 2021 May 10.

West Virginia University Cancer Institute, Morgantown, WV, USA.

Background: The human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine is viewed as a critical tool to protect against six HPV-related cancers. Vaccination is recommended from early adolescence through age 26 years. As young people have become increasingly involved in personal health-related decisions, there is a need to tailor HPV vaccine messaging and reach this priority population on social media and digital outlets. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2021 22;11:657245. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Virology, University of Helsinki and Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.

The long-term impact of viruses residing in the human bone marrow (BM) remains unexplored. However, chronic inflammatory processes driven by single or multiple viruses could significantly alter hematopoiesis and immune function. We performed a systematic analysis of the DNAs of 38 viruses in the BM. Read More

Transl Androl Urol 2021 Apr;10(4):1803-1806

Laboratory Immunofluorescence and Electron Microscopy, University Hospital Universitário Presidente Dutra, São Luís, MA, Brazil.

Pseudoangiosarcomatous squamous cell carcinoma, also called pseudovascular, pseudoangiomatoid or adenoid pseudovascular carcinoma, is an uncommon and highly aggressive variant of squamous cell carcinoma. Histologically, it is characterized by proliferation of atypical keratinocytes with acantholysis and formation of pseudovascular spaces, forming anastomosed channels lined with neoplastic cells that invade the dermis. These cells are positive for cytokeratin and negative for vascular markers such as CD31 and CD34. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2020 Sep-Dec;24(3):588. Epub 2021 Jan 9.

Department of General Surgery, Care Multispecialty Hospital, Vadodara, Gujarat, India.

Condyloma acuminatum (CA) is human papilloma virus-induced disease, rarely involving oral cavity, usually sexually transmitted and frequently occurs in anogenital areas. Oral lesions are being present predominantly on the tongue, lip mucosa, buccal mucosa, palate and floor of the mouth. The disease is more common in teenagers and appears as solitary or multiple, sessile or pedunculated masses. Read More

J Am Soc Cytopathol 2021 Apr 19. Epub 2021 Apr 19.

Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas.

Introduction: The cobas (Roche Diagnostics, Indianapolis, IN) HPV assay was approved by the US Food and Drug Administration for human papillomavirus (HPV) testing in SurePath (Becton Dickinson, Franklin Lakes, NJ) Papanicolaou specimens for cervical cancer prevention. To validate the cobas HPV assay in SurePath specimens in our institution, we compared its accuracy and clinical efficacy to that of the Cervista (Hologic, Marlborough, MA) HPV HR assay.

Methods: This study used 138 Papanicolaou (Pap) cytology specimens collected in SurePath preservative fluid at our institution in 2018. Read More

J Virol Methods 2021 May 6:114180. Epub 2021 May 6.

Infections and Cancer Biology Group, International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. Electronic address:

Background: The MinION sequencer belongs to the third generation of sequencing technology that allows for the generation of ultra-long reads, representing a potentially more effective approach to characterize entire viral genome sequences than other time-consuming and low-throughput methodologies.

Methods: We report the use of the MinION nanopore sequencer to sequence the full-length genome of human papillomavirus (HPV)-ICB2 (7441 bp), which was previously characterized in our laboratory. Three independent MinION libraries were prepared and sequenced using either three consecutive 12 -h runs (Protocol A) or a single run of 48 hours starting from a pool of three barcoded DNA libraries (Protocol B). Read More

AIDS 2021 May 5. Epub 2021 May 5.

Department of Dermatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Amsterdam Institute for Infection and Immunity (AII), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD Amsterdam), Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Dermatology, OLVG, Amsterdam, The Netherlands DC Klinieken Lairesse, Amsterdam, The Netherlands Department of Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam (CCA), Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands DDL Diagnostic Laboratory, Rijswijk, The Netherlands Center for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam Public Health Institute, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands STI Outpatient Clinic, Department of Infectious Diseases, Public Health Service of Amsterdam (GGD Amsterdam), Amsterdam, The Netherlands. Authors contributed equally.

Objective: Anal cancer precursor lesions high-grade anal intraepithelial neoplasia (HGAIN) are highly prevalent among HIV+ men-who-have-sex-with-men (MSM). Treatment of HGAIN is frustrated by high recurrence rates. We investigated the efficacy of the quadrivalent human papillomavirus (qHPV) vaccine as post-treatment adjuvant in preventing HGAIN recurrence in HIV+MSM. Read More

Transplant Cell Ther 2021 May 3;27(5):435.e1-435.e11. Epub 2021 Jan 3.

Immune Deficiency-Cellular Therapy Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland.

GATA2 deficiency is a bone marrow failure syndrome effectively treated with hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT), which also addresses the predisposition to many infections (prominently mycobacterial). However, many GATA2-deficient persons who come to HCT also have prevalent and refractory human papilloma virus disease (HPVD), which can be a precursor to cancer. We analyzed 75 HCT recipients for the presence of HPVD to identify patient characteristics and transplantation results that influence HPVD outcomes. Read More

J Infect Dis 2021 May 8. Epub 2021 May 8.

Centre for Infectious Disease Control, National Institute for Public Health and the Environment, Bilthoven, the Netherlands.

Background: In the Netherlands, the bivalent HPV vaccine (2vHPV) has been offered to preadolescent girls via the National Immunization Program (NIP) in a two-dose (2D) schedule since 2014. The current study estimates vaccine effectiveness (VE) against HPV infections up to four years post-vaccination among girls eligible for routine 2D immunization.

Methods: A cohort study (HAVANA2) was used in which participants annually filled out an online questionnaire and provided a vaginal self-sample for determination of HPV by the SPF10-LiPA25 assay, able to detect 25 HPV types. Read More

Aust N Z J Obstet Gynaecol 2021 May 7. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Oncology & Dysplasia, The Royal Women's Hospital, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Background: Primary human papillomavirus (HPV) screening was introduced in Australia in December 2017.

Aims: Outcomes for women after positive HPV in their cervical screening test (CST).

Materials And Methods: A retrospective observational study of 4458 women seen at the Royal Women's Hospital Colposcopy Clinic from 1 January 2018 to 31 July 2020. Read More

Vaccine 2021 May 4. Epub 2021 May 4.

World Health Organization, Tanzania Country Office, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.

Background: Cervical cancer is the leading cause of cancer among women in Tanzania, with approximately 10,000 new cases and 7,000 deaths annually. In April 2018, the Government of Tanzania introduced 2 doses of human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine nationally to adolescent girls to prevent cervical cancer, following a successful 2-year pilot introduction of the vaccine in the Kilimanjaro Region.

Methods: We interviewed key informants at the national level in Tanzania from February to November 2019, using a semi-structured tool to better understand national decision-making and program implementation. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2021 May 7;14(1):172. Epub 2021 May 7.

Barcelona Research Center for Multiscale Science and Engineering, Departament D'Enginyeria Química, EEBE, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya (UPC), Barcelona, Spain.

Objective: To determine the general and genotype-specific prevalence of HPV and to identify potential risk factors for the infection in a population-based screening of Peruvian women.

Results: A total of 524 samples were analyzed by PCR and a total of 100 HPV positive samples were found, of which 89 were high-risk, 19 were probably oncogenic, 9 were low-risk and 27 other HPV types. The 26-35 and 36-45 age groups showed the highest proportion of HPV positive samples with a total of 37% (37/100) and 30% (30/100), respectively. Read More

BMC Womens Health 2021 May 7;21(1):191. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Gynecological Oncology, Tianjin Central Hospital of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Tianjin, 300100, China.

Background: 20-25% of women with high-grade cervical intraepithelial neoplasias (HSIL) have residual lesions after conization. The state of the margin is generally considered to be a risk factor for recurrence or persistent lesions. Predictors of positive margins and residual lesions need to be identified. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2021 May 4;60:139-145. Epub 2021 May 4.

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill School of Nursing, 120 N. Medical Drive, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: HPV vaccination among United States's rural Hispanic youth is suboptimal to the Healthy People 2030 goal. Rural Hispanic parents' HPV vaccine (HPVV) perceptions have influenced these low rates. Furthermore, few effective interventions for increasing HPV vaccination among rural Hispanic populations exist. Read More

Hum Vaccin Immunother 2021 May 7:1-4. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Health Behavior, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, USA.

HPV vaccination is recommended for U.S. adolescents at ages 11-12 and requires two versus three doses if the series is started before age 15. Read More

Clin Pathol 2021 Jan-Dec;14:2632010X211009819. Epub 2021 Apr 20.

Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil.

Pigmented lesions of the oral mucosa encompass several benign and malignant conditions that may be a matter of concern under both clinical and histopathological views. We reported a case of a 62-year-old woman, presenting with an asymptomatic, deeply pigmented lesion on the soft palate. On examination, it appeared asymmetrical, with irregular borders and an area of ulceration. Read More