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Urology 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Urology, University of California, San Francisco.

Objectives: To evaluate the Cancer of the Bladder Risk Assessment (COBRA) score in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) bladder cancer cohort. Second, to investigate the utility of the COBRA score within each bladder cancer molecular subtype following radical cystectomy (RC) and determine if it can help identify candidates for adjuvant therapies and clinical trials.

Methods: Among the TCGA bladder cancer cohort (n=412), RC pathology reports were reviewed to calculate COBRA scores. Read More

Urol Oncol 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Pathology, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI. Electronic address:

Although papillary renal cell carcinoma has historically been classified as either type 1 or type 2, data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) has demonstrated significant genomic heterogeneity in tumors classified as "type 2 papillary renal cell carcinoma" (T2PRCC). Papillary renal cell carcinoma is expected to have a favorable clinical course compared to clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). However, tumors with poor outcome more similar to CCRCC were included in the T2PRCC cohort studied by the TCGA. Read More

Am J Surg Pathol 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Departments of Pathology Oncology Gastroenterology of the Affiliated Changzhou Second People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Changzhou Department of Pathology of the First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine of Veterans Affairs Boston Healthcare System, Harvard Medical School and Brigham and Women's Hospital, MA.

Papillary early gastric carcinoma (EGC) is believed to have a low risk of lymph node metastasis (LNM) and thus can be resected endoscopically. We observed anecdotally that some papillary EGC tumors showed conspicuous high-grade dysplastic features, but the significance of these observations is unknown. In this bicenter study we investigated papillary EGCs that were divided into high-grade (n=96) and low-grade (n=118) groups among 1136 consecutive EGC radical resection cases. Read More

Acad Radiol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No. 300, Guangzhou Rd, Nanjing 210029, China. Electronic address:

Rationale And Objectives: To compare the performance of CT and MRI radiomics for predicting the malignant potential of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMNs) of the pancreas, and to investigate their value compared to the revised 2017 international consensus Fukuoka guidelines.

Materials And Methods: Sixty patients with surgically confirmed IPMNs (37 malignant and 23 benign) were included. Radiomics features were extracted from arterial and venous phase images of CT and T2-weighted images of MRI, respectively. Read More

Cancer Treat Rev 2021 May 20;99:102228. Epub 2021 May 20.

Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Université Paris-Saclay, Villejuif, France. Electronic address:

Papillary Renal Cell Carcinoma (pRCC) is the most common non-clear cell RCC (nccRCC) and a distinct entity, although heterogenous, associated with poor outcomes. The treatment landscape of metastatic pRCC (mpRCC) relied so far on targeted therapies, mimicking previous developments in metastatic clear-cell renal cell carcinoma. However, antiangiogenics as well as mTOR inhibitors retain only limited activity in mpRCC. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Jun;71(6):1709-1711

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi.

Solid pseudopapillary neoplasms are rare and represent approximately 4% of all cystic pancreatic tumours, and predominately affect females. They have an excellent prognosis, however 10-15% of the patients show metastasis at the time of surgery or recurrence of tumour during follow-up after pancreatectomy. Surgical resection is the recommended treatment. Read More

Mod Pathol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.

A novel DEK-AFF2 fusion has been recently identified in four cases of basaloid to nonkeratinizing squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) in the sinonasal tract and middle ear with high-grade morphology. The exceptional response to immune checkpoint inhibitor in the first reported case highlights the potential clinical importance of identifying tumors with DEK-AFF2 fusions. We herein reported the first series of seven cases of DEK-AFF2 fusion-associated sinonasal SCC with deceptively bland morphology, including four cases of low-grade papillary Schneiderian carcinoma, which is a recently described tumor type with unknown molecular underpinnings. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jun 9;14(6). Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Urology, East Kent Hospitals University NHS Foundation Trust, Canterbury, UK.

Upper tract urothelial carcinoma represents a small proportion (5%-10%) of all urothelial cancers. Although there are several management options, in undifferentiated or high-risk cases, surgery in the form of nephroureterectomy is the gold standard. Horseshoe kidney is the most common congenital renal fusion anomaly affecting 1 in 400-600 patients. Read More

Endocrinol Metab (Seoul) 2021 Jun 10. Epub 2021 Jun 10.

Department of Internal Medicine, Biomedical Research Institute, Pusan National University Hospital, Busan, Korea.

Background: We aimed to evaluate the clinicopathological features and biological behaviors of Korean thyroid cancer patients with rare variants of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) to address the ambiguity regarding the prognostic consequences of these variants.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 5,496 patients who underwent thyroid surgery for PTC, between January and December 2012, in nine tertiary hospitals. Rare PTC variants included tall cell (TCV), columnar cell (CCV), diffuse sclerosing (DSV), cribriform-morular (CMV), solid (SV), hobnail, and Warthin-like variants. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Stomatology (Oral Pathology), School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.

Middle-aged and old adults (≥ 50 years) diagnosed with Cowden syndrome (CS) with orofacial manifestations are uncommon. We describe a case of CS in a 53-year-old female showing "narrow bird-like" face, macrocephaly, acral keratoses, oral candidiasis, burning in the mouth, and multiple asymptomatic papillomatous lesions with a cobblestone pattern distributed on the alveolar ridge, tongue, buccal mucosa, and commissure. The histopathological features of lesions of the oral mucosa were those of papillary fibroepithelial hyperplasia. Read More

Clin J Gastroenterol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Division of Gastroenterological Surgery, Hyogo Cancer Center, 13-70 Kitaoji-cho, Akashi, Hyogo, 673-8558, Japan.

A 73-year-old man with mixed-type intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas body was followed up for 14 years. Based on imaging findings, the intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas met the high-risk stigmata, and new hepatic masses were suspected to be intraductal papillary neoplasms of the bile duct. With a diagnosis of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm of the pancreas and intraductal papillary neoplasm of the bile duct, the patient had undergone left lateral hepatectomy and distal pancreatectomy. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2021 Jun;59(6):502-506

Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

To examine the correlation factors of contralateral central lymph node metastasis in unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma with lateral cervical lymph node metastasis. The clinical data of patients with unilateral papillary thyroid carcinoma who underwent total thyroidectomy and bilateral central lymph node dissection and ipsilateral cervical lymph node dissection from June 2016 to June 2018 at Department of Thyroid Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University were analyzed retrospectively. A total of 317 patients, including 87 males and 230 females, aged (41. Read More

Hum Pathol 2021 Jun 5. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany.

To evaluate cytokeratin 19 expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 15,977 samples from 122 tumor types and 608 samples of 76 normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. In normal tissues, CK19 expression occurred in epithelial cells of most glandular organs but was strictly limited to the basal cell layer of non-keratinizing squamous epithelium and absent in the skin. CK19 expression in ≥90% of cases was seen in 34% of the tumor entities including the adenocarcinomas of the pancreas (99. Read More

Radiol Med 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Radiology and Pathology, 34371, Sisli, Istanbul, Turkey.

Background: Discrimination of low grade (grade 1-2) renal tumors from high grade (grade 3-4) ones carries crucial importance in terms of the management of these patients and also in the decision-making of appropriate treatment strategies. Our aim was to investigate whether contrast-enhanced multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) and T2 weighted fast spin echo (FSE) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) could play a specific role in the discrimination of low grade versus high grade tumors in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) and papillary renal cell carcinoma (pRCC) patients.

Methods: In this study, we retrospectively evaluated 66 RCC patients based on histopathologic findings who had underwent either partial or total nephrectomies. Read More

World J Surg 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Endocrine Surgery, Nippon Medical School Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1-5 Sendagi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, 113-8603, Japan.

Background: Prospective trials of active surveillance (AS) have shown low rates of progression in low-risk papillary thyroid microcarcinoma (PTMC; T1aN0M0). However, the significance of multifocality as a prognostic factor remains controversial.

Methods: Data from 571 patients (mean age, 53. Read More

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Departments of Pathology & Oncology, Sol Goldman Pancreatic Cancer Research Center, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Due to its poor prognosis and the late stage at which it is typically diagnosed, early detection of pancreatic cancer is a pressing clinical problem. Advances in genomic analysis of human pancreatic tissue and other biospecimens such as pancreatic cyst fluid, pancreatic juice and blood have opened the possibility of DNA-based molecular approaches for early detection of pancreatic cancer. In this Review, we discuss and focus on the pathological and molecular features of precancerous lesions of the pancreas, including pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm and mucinous cystic neoplasm, which are target lesions of early detection approaches. Read More

Cell Death Dis 2021 Jun 7;12(6):588. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Transgenic Research Center, Northeast Normal University, Changchun, Jilin, 130024, China.

Oxytocin receptor (OXTR) is involved in social behaviors, thermoregulation, and milk ejection, yet little is known about its role in breast cancer. To investigate the role of OXTR in mammary gland development and tumorigenesis, a transgenic mouse model of OXTR overexpression (Oxtr) was used. Overexpression of OXTR-induced progressive mammary hyperplasia, unexpected milk production, and tumorigenesis in females. Read More

Chest 2021 Jun;159(6):e381-e384

Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL.

Case Presentation: A 44-year-old woman with a history of renal cell carcinoma and thyroid cancer was referred to our institution for evaluation of cystic lung disease. She was an active smoker with a 15-pack-year of tobacco use. Two years before her presentation, she underwent a left nephrectomy for renal cell carcinoma, clear cell type. Read More

J Cardiothorac Surg 2021 Jun 7;16(1):164. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, No.28. Fuxing Road, Haidian District, Beijing, 100853, China.

Background: Intracardiac blood cysts are very rare primary cardiac tumors. Blood cysts originated from the mitral valve represent a minority of cases, and previous cases have been mainly treated with conventional surgery through median sternotomy. When the tumor involves heart valves and histopathological diagnosis remains unknown preoperatively, minimally invasive surgical resection of an intracardiac tumor can be challenging, especially through an endoscopic approach. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Jun 7;21(1):676. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Mallorca Cancer Registry, Balearic Islands Public Health Department, Palma, Spain.

Background: Information about survival by stage in bladder cancer is scarce, as well as about survival of non-invasive bladder cancer. The aims of this study are: 1) to find out the distribution of bladder cancer by stage; 2) to determine cancer-specific survival by stage of bladder cancer; 3) to identify factors that explain and predict the likelihood of survival and the risk of dying from these cancers.

Methods: Incident bladder cancer cases diagnosed between 2006 and 2011 were identified through the Mallorca Cancer Registry. Read More

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2021 Jun 7. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Radiology and Diagnostic Imaging Department, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Av. Albert Einstein, 627/701 - Jardim Leonor, São Paulo, SP, 05652-900, Brazil.

Purpose: To evaluate magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) criteria of solid renal lesions lower-equal to 2 cm to differentiate benign and malignant tumors, using histopathology as gold standard.

Methods: Three radiologists independently evaluated objective and subjective MRI criteria of focal renal lesions. A total of 105 nodules of patients who had MRI and histopathological results in our institution were included. Read More

Scand J Urol 2021 Jun 7:1-6. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Urology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.

Objective: To investigate the safety and efficacy of OTL38, a folate-targeted, intraoperative fluorescence agent, in patients undergoing robotic-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy.

Methods: Patients with proven or suspected localized renal cell carcinoma at a single academic institution were selected from 2016 to 2018. Patients received one dose of OTL38 at 0. Read More

Mol Clin Oncol 2021 Jul 28;15(1):149. Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Surgery, Novosibirsk State Medical University, Novosibirsk 630091, Russia.

The cytological diagnosis of Hürthle cell (oncocytic) thyroid tumors by means of fine-needle aspiration biopsy represents a challenge, as Hürthle cell polymorphism and atypia alone are not indications of malignancy. In our recent work, an original diagnostic algorithm was proposed, which identified and typed malignant thyroid tumors by analyzing the molecular markers of cytological preparations. The aim of the present study was to assess the effectiveness of this algorithm at detecting Hürthle cell thyroid tumors in clinical samples used for cytological examination. Read More

J Cancer 2021 13;12(13):3997-4010. Epub 2021 May 13.

Zhangjiakou Key Laboratory of Thyroid Cancer Precision Diagnosis, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, 075000, China.

Adenosine A1 Receptor (ADORA1) is an adenosine receptor particularly relevant to the immunomodulatory process of malignant tumors. There are growing evidences that dysregulated overexpression of ADORA1 can promote many types of tumorigenesis. However, the expression and prognostic value and mechanism of ADORA1 in thyroid papillary carcinoma have not been reported. Read More

Ther Clin Risk Manag 2021 28;17:531-541. Epub 2021 May 28.

School of Medicine, Nankai University, Tianjin, 300071, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: Endoscopic papillectomy (EP) has been accepted as a viable alternative therapy to surgery in benign duodenal papillary lesions. However, postoperative complications limit its widespread clinical application. This study aimed to evaluate the overall safety of the EP procedure and identify significant risk factors of post-EP complications. Read More

Urol Oncol 2021 Jun 3. Epub 2021 Jun 3.

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

The routine clinical implementation of molecular methods other than fluorescence in situ hybridization in the evaluation of renal neoplasia is currently limited, as the current standard of care primarily involves a combination of morphologic and immunophenotypic analysis of such tumors. Amongst various molecular techniques, global copy number profiling using single nucleotide polymorphism-based microarrays, colloquially referred to as SNP-arrays, is being increasingly utilized to profile renal tumors, as several subtypes have characteristic recurrent patterns of copy number alterations. Recurrent copy number alterations in common tumor types include loss of chromosome 3p in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (RCC), gain of chromosomes 7 and 17 in papillary RCC and multiple losses in chromosomes 1, 2, 6, 10, 13, 17, and 21 in chromophobe RCC. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 May;71(5):1511-1512

Jack Brignall PET-CT Centre, Castle Hill Hospital, Cottingham.

Ga-68 PSMA is a promising radiotracer for both staging and detection of biochemical recurrence in prostate cancer. PSMA is also expressed in the endothelium of tumour-associated neo vasculature of various solid malignancies possibly due to tumour-associated angiogenic factors and endothelial cell sprouting. We report a case of 72-yearold male with known prostate cancer on follow-up with mild increase in serum PSA level. Read More

Biomark Res 2021 Jun 5;9(1):44. Epub 2021 Jun 5.

Institute of Pathology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246, Hamburg, Germany.

Background: The E-Cadherin gene (CDH1, Cadherin 1), located at 16q22.1 encodes for a calcium-dependent membranous glycoprotein with an important role in cellular adhesion and polarity maintenance.

Methods: To systematically determine E-Cadherin protein expression in normal and cancerous tissues, 14,637 tumor samples from 112 different tumor types and subtypes as well as 608 samples of 76 different normal tissue types were analyzed by immunohistochemistry in a tissue microarray format. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 Jun 1;83:106057. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Department of Urology, Aleppo University Hospital, Aleppo, Syria. Electronic address:

Introduction And Importance: Bladder diverticula are mucosal outpunching of the bladder without a muscle layer. It could be detected incidentally or by giving symptoms of its complications.

Case Presentation: A 59-year-old male patient presented with painless gross hematuria. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Jun 4;11(1):11840. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, Western University, London, ON, Canada.

Metastasis is present in approximately 30% of patients diagnosed with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and is associated with a 5-year survival rate of < 15%. Kidney injury molecule 1 (KIM-1), encoded by the HAVCR1 gene, is a proximal tubule cell-surface glycoprotein and a biomarker for early detection of RCC, but its pathophysiological significance in RCC remains unclear. We generated human and murine RCC cell lines either expressing or lacking KIM-1, respectively, and compared their growth and metastatic properties using validated methods. Read More