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Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2019 6;2019:2021712. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Warren Alpert Medical School, Brown University, Providence, RI, USA.

Heterotopic pancreas, also known as ectopic pancreas, is pancreatic tissue located outside the pancreatic parenchyma without vascular or ductal communication with the gland. Ectopic pancreas is rarely symptomatic, typically detected incidentally at surgery or autopsy. Eighty-five to 90% are in the upper GI tract, especially the gastric antrum. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Apr 2:e27734. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Division of Hematology, Oncology and Transplantation, Ann & Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.

Background: We sought to determine if next-generation sequencing (NGS) of microbial cell-free DNA (cfDNA) in plasma would detect pathogens in pediatric patients at risk for invasive fungal disease (IFD).

Procedures: Pediatric hematology, oncology, and stem cell transplant patients deemed at risk for new IFD had blood samples drawn at three time-points separated by 1-month intervals. The primary outcome measure was detection of fungal pathogens compared to standard clinical testing. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2019 Feb;65(2):123-126

Department of Radiology, Soonchunhyang University Seoul Hospital, Yongsan-gu, Seoul, Korea.

Hemorrhagic pseudocysts with pseudoaneurysms are a rare and fatal complication of chronic pancreatitis due to the erosion of pancreatic to peripancreatic arteries. The timing of the rupture cannot be accurately predicted, but prompt diagnosis and management are essential to prevent further bleeding. We describe the case of a 68-year-old man who presented acute epigastric pain and anemia and had a history of chronic pancreatitis with a pseudocyst. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2019 Mar 13;2019(3):rjz068. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Monash Medical Centre, Monash Health, Melbourne, Australia.

Pseudocyst of the pancreas extending into the thorax represents a rare but potentially catastrophic diagnosis. It can be difficult to both diagnose and manage, with only limited management suggestions within the literature. While pleural effusion is a common complication of pancreatitis, transthoracic extension of a pseudocyst is a rare phenomenon. Read More

Arq Gastroenterol 2018 Oct-Dec;55(4):412-416

Pontifícia Universidade Católica de Campinas (PUCCAMP), Faculdade de Medicina, Campinas, SP, Brasil.

Background: Cystic lesions of the pancreas represent a group of pancreatic diseases with great histological heterogeneity, varying from benign lesions, some of them with malignant potential, to overt malignant lesions.

Objective: To describe the cases of cystic lesions of the pancreas which underwent surgical intervention at a tertiary university hospital.

Methods: This is a retrospective population-based study (historical cohort) which was carried out enrolling individuals attended at the Outpatient service of Pancreas Surgery of the Hospital de Clínicas of Unicamp. Read More

Case Rep Gastrointest Med 2019 14;2019:5187874. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Department of Gastroenterology, University of South Dakota Sanford School of Medicine, Sioux Falls, South Dakota, USA.

Cystic pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors represent around 13% of all neuroendocrine tumors (Hurtado-Pardo 2017). There has been an increase in the incidence of cases due to improvement in imaging modalities. This is a case of a 68-year-old male with the incidental finding of a pancreatic cyst on CT. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2019 Feb 6;7(1):31. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Departments of Gastroenterology, Hepatology & Nutrition, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-induced pancreatic injury (ICIPI) is not well documented in the literature. We aimed to describe the clinical characteristics and outcomes of patients who developed ICIPI.

Methods: We reviewed the medical records of consecutive patients who had a confirmed diagnosis of ICIPI (Common Terminology Criteria for Adverse Events grade ≥ 3 lipase elevation with or without clinical symptoms) from April 2011 through April 2018. Read More

Insights Imaging 2019 Jan 28;10(1). Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Digestive Endoscopy, "Luigi Sacco" University Hospital, Via G.B. Grassi 74, 20157, Milan, Italy.

In recent years, technological advancements including endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) guidance and availability of specifically designed stents further expanded the indications and possibilities of interventional endoscopy. Although technically demanding and associated with non-negligible morbidity, advanced pancreatic endoscopic techniques now provide an effective minimally invasive treatment for complications of acute and chronic pancreatitis.Aiming to provide radiologists with an adequate familiarity, this pictorial essay reviews the indications, techniques, results and pre- and post-procedural cross-sectional imaging appearances of advanced endoscopic interventions on the pancreas and pancreatic ductal system. Read More

Endoscopy 2019 Feb 17;51(2):179-193. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Amsterdam UMC, University of Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

ESGE suggests endoscopic therapy and/or extracorporeal shockwave lithotripsy (ESWL) as the first-line therapy for painful uncomplicated chronic pancreatitis (CP) with an obstructed main pancreatic duct (MPD) in the head/body of the pancreas. The clinical response should be evaluated at 6 - 8 weeks; if it appears unsatisfactory, the patient's case should be discussed again in a multidisciplinary team and surgical options should be considered.Weak recommendation, low quality evidence. Read More

Endosc Int Open 2019 Jan 15;7(1):E83-E86. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Division of Gastroenterology, University of Alberta Hospital, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.

 Pseudocysts are the most common pancreatic cystic lesions and they usually develop in association with pancreatitis of at least 4 weeks' duration. Extra-pancreatic pseudocysts, although reported, are relatively uncommon. Secondary liver pseudocysts are recognized within the literature, and most patients described have required percutaneous or surgical drainage due to infection or symptoms. Read More

J Radiol Case Rep 2018 May 31;12(5):12-18. Epub 2018 May 31.

Department of Biotechnological and Applied Clinical Sciences, University of L'Aquila, via Vetoio, L'Aquila, Italy.

Pancreatic pseudoaneurysms represent relatively rare but potentially lethal complications of acute or chronic pancreatitis, involving several visceral arteries. Due to their intrinsic instability and subsequent high risk of massive bleeding, these lesions require prompt treatment, regardless of the size of the pseudoaneurysm. First option of treatment is today represented by transcatheter embolization; this treatment, in fact, shows higher rates of clinical and technical success and lower recurrence rates than conventional surgery. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc 2018 Dec 21. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Nutrition, UT MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA.

Rev Med Chil 2018 Aug;146(8):933-937

Servicio de Cirugía, Clínica Alemana, Santiago, Chile.

Heterotopic pancreas is a silent gastrointestinal malformation that may become clinically evident when complicated by inflammation and pseudocyst formation. We report a 26 year-old male presenting with vomiting, pain and abdominal distention. An abdominal CT scan showed an important gastric distention secondary to a 4-cm cystic lesion located in the antrum wall. Read More

Thorac Cancer 2019 Feb 27;10(2):156-162. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), Wuhan, China.

Background: Mediastinal cystic lesions account for approximately 15-20% of all mediastinal masses and are difficult to differentiate because of similar imaging manifestation. The aim of this study was to differentiate mediastinum cystic lesions through endoscopic ultrasound-guided-fine needle aspiration (EUS-FNA) and parameters from cyst-fluid analysis.

Methods: Over a period of eight years, 37 patients suspected with mediastinal cystic lesions were assessed. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(44):e13114

Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Clinical Medical College (Shenzhen People's Hospital), Jinan University, Guangdong, China.

Rationale: Mesenteric hematoma after extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for pancreatic stones is a very rare complication which has never been reported before.

Presenting Concerns: We reported a case of a 36-year-old male diagnosed as chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic stones and a large pancreatic pseudocyst. He underwent 3 repeated sessions of pancreatic ESWL (P-ESWL). Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Jan 23;14(1):79-82. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department of Pathology, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, South Korea.

Agenesis of the dorsal pancreas (ADP) is an extremely rare congenital anomaly. Human pancreas is formed by ventral and dorsal endodermal buds of the foregut endoderm. The dorsal bud forms the upper part of the head, neck, body, and tail of the pancreas and the ventral bud generates most of the head and uncinate process. Read More

Pancreatology 2018 Dec 6;18(8):847-854. Epub 2018 Oct 6.

Center for Digestive Diseases, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: In collaboration with United European Gastroenterology, the working group on 'Harmonizing diagnosis and treatment of chronic pancreatitis across Europe' (HaPanEU) developed European guidelines for the management of chronic pancreatitis using an evidence-based approach.

Methods: Recommendations of multidisciplinary review groups based on systematic literature reviews to answer predefined clinical questions are summarised. Recommendations are graded using the Grading of Recommendations Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. Read More

Endosc Int Open 2018 Oct 8;6(10):E1267-E1275. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States.

Endoscopic drainage with dedicated lumen-apposing metal stents (LAMS) is routinely performed for symptomatic pancreatic fluid collections (PFCs), walled-off necrosis (WON) and pseudocyst (PP). There has been increasing concern regarding delayed adverse events associated with the indwelling LAMS.  Multicenter retrospective analysis of consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic ultrasound (EUS)-guided LAMS placement for PFC from January 2010 to May 2017. Read More

Dis Esophagus 2019 Feb;32(2)

IHU-Strasbourg, Institute of Image-Guided Surgery, Strasbourg, France.

Flexible endoscopy has evolved to the point that it includes many endoluminal procedures that once required open or laparoscopic surgery, for instance, antireflux surgery, pyloromyotomy, mucosal and submucosal tumor resections, and even full-thickness resection. However, these procedures remain technically demanding due to flexible technology issues: difficult imaging, limited energy devices, lack of staplers, unsatisfactory suturing abilities, and so on. Transgastric laparoscopy or hybrid laparoscopy/flex endoscopy has been described for almost two decades as an alternative to a pure endoluminal approach, mainly for pancreatic pseudocyst drainage and full-thickness and mucosal resection of various lesions. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 2;2018. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Internal Medicine, Sparrow Hospital, Michigan State University, Lansing, Michigan, USA.

J Surg Res 2018 11 14;231:109-115. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Division of Surgical Oncology, Department of Surgery, Stanford University, Stanford, California.

Background: Severe necrotizing pancreatitis may result in midbody necrosis and ductal disruption leaving an isolated pancreatic tail. The purpose of this study was to characterize outcomes among patients with an isolated tail remnant who underwent transgastric drainage or necrosectomy (endoscopic or surgical) and determine the need for subsequent operative management.

Materials And Methods: Patients with necrotizing pancreatitis and retrogastric walled-off collections treated by surgical transgastric necrosectomy or endoscopic cystgastrostomy ± necrosectomy between 2009 and 2017 were identified by a retrospective chart review. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Sep 26;2018. Epub 2018 Sep 26.

Department of Surgery, University College of Medical Sciences and GTB Hospital, New Delhi, India.

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2018 Oct 3;28(4):569-578. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 630 West 168th Street, Box 83, P&S3-401, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

Endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) has enabled therapeutic endoscopists to intervene on conditions that have otherwise not been accessible with conventional endoscopy. Inflammatory fluid collections of the pancreas that may benefit from drainage are often not identifiable without EUS. Furthermore, EUS may improve the safety of transmural drainage by allowing for the identification of intervening blood vessels and reducing the need for fluoroscopy, and is complemented by new devices that simplify the access and stent delivery process. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2018 Oct 3;28(4):477-492. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Division of Gastroenterology, Lenox Hill Hospital, 100 East 77th Street, 2nd Floor, New York, NY 10075, USA. Electronic address:

Since the original description of pancreatic fluid collections (PFC) in 1761 by Morgagni, their diagnosis, description, and management have continued to evolve. The mainstay of therapy for symptomatic PFCs has been the creation of a communication between a PFC and the stomach, to enable drainage. Surgical creation of these drainage conduits had been the gold standard of therapy; however, there has been a paradigm shift in recent years with an increasing role of endoscopic drainage. Read More

Genes Chromosomes Cancer 2019 01 17;58(1):3-11. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Institute of Pathology, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.

Approximately half of all pancreatic cysts are neoplastic, mainly comprising intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms (IPMN), which can progress to invasive carcinoma. Current Fukuoka guidelines have limited sensitivity and specificity in predicting progression of asymptomatic pancreatic cysts. We present first results of the prospective ZYSTEUS biomarker study investigating (i) whether detection of driver mutations in IPMN by liquid biopsy is technically feasible, (ii) which compartment of IPMN is most suitable for analysis, and (iii) implications for clinical diagnostics. Read More

J Clin Imaging Sci 2018 24;8:33. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Department of Radiodiagnosis, Dr. D. Y. Patil Medical College and Research Centre, Dr. D.Y. Patil Vidyapeeth, Pune, Maharashtra, India.

Pancreatic pseudocyst develops as a complication of both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Although the common location of pseudocyst is lesser sac, extension of pseudocyst can occur into mesentery, retroperitoneum, inguinal region, scrotum, liver, spleen, mediastinum, pleura, and lung. Extension of pseudocyst into psoas muscle and lumbar triangle is extremely rare. Read More

Visc Med 2018 Jul 8;34(3):192-196. Epub 2018 Jun 8.

Department of Gastroenterology and Pancreatology, Pôle des Maladies de l'Appareil Digestif, DHU Unity, Hôpital Beaujon, Faculté Denis Diderot, AP-HP, Clichy, France.

A precise diagnosis of the nature of pancreatic cystic neoplasm (PCN) is crucial since it determines the patients in need of rapid surgical resection as well as those who can be followed up, and, accordingly, the frequency and modalities of surveillance. Endoscopic ultrasound (EUS) and especially fine needle aspiration (FNA) are invasive methods, with specific adverse events occurring in 2.7-5%. Read More

Visc Med 2018 Jul 15;34(3):182-190. Epub 2018 Jun 15.

Department of Radiology, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Pancreatic cystic lesions are being detected with increasing frequency because of increased use and improved quality of cross-sectional imaging techniques. Pancreatic cystic lesions encompass non-neoplastic lesions (such as pancreatitis-related collections) and neoplastic tumors. Common cystic pancreatic neoplasms include serous cystadenomas, mucinous cystic neoplasms, intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms, and solid pseudopapillary tumors. Read More

Clin Nucl Med 2018 Oct;43(10):e368-e371

Radiology, Medical Imaging, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Sainte-Justine, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Pancreatic neoplasm is very rare in the pediatric population. Malignant tumors represent less than 0.2% of pediatric cancer-related mortality. Read More

World J Gastrointest Endosc 2018 Jul;10(7):125-129

Gastro Unit, Division of Endoscopy, Copenhagen University Hospital Herlev and Gentofte, Herlev 2730, Denmark.

Pancreatic cysts are increasingly diagnosed due to expanding use of cross-sectional imaging, but current diagnostic modalities have limited diagnostic accuracy. Recently, a novel through-the-needle microbiopsy forceps has become available, offering the possibility of obtaining cyst-wall biopsies. We present a case of 41-year-old male with chronic pancreatitis and a 2-cm pancreatic cyst, initially considered a pseudocyst. Read More

Chirurgia (Bucur) 2018 May-Jun;113(3):418-423

Cystic dystrophy of heterotopic pancreas is a benign, rare disease characterized by development of true cysts into the duodenal wall. Non-specific clinical manifestations and difficult to interpret imaging provide a diagnostic challenge, especially when pancreatic cancer is suspected. Surgical treatment (pancreatoduodenectomy) offer best outcomes. Read More

Chirurgia (Bucur) 2018 May-Jun;113(3):353-362

Frequently appearing as a complication of pancreatitis, pancreatic pseudocysts are rare appearances in current medical practice. Multiple therapeutical options are available, from minimum invasive methods to complex open surgical techniques. The indications of drainage include symptomatic pseudocysts, large pseudocysts along with the development of complications such as hemorrhage, secondary infection, and rupture. Read More

Pancreas 2018 08;47(7):864-870

Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jiangdu Hospital, Yangzhou, China.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to establish a standard to describe the spatial distribution of pancreatic stones in chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Methods: Two hundred forty-seven CP patients with pancreatic stones from June to December 2012 were enrolled. Two-dimensional images from coronal projection of 3-dimensional computed tomography images of pancreatic stones were gained. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Oct 27;33(10):1693. Epub 2018 Jun 27.

Department of Medicine, Marienhausklinik St. Josef Kohlhof, Neunkirchen, Germany.

Cureus 2018 Apr 20;10(4):e2512. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Internal Medicine Residency, Florida Hospital-Orlando, Orlando, USA.

Pancreatic pseudocyst is a complication that can arise in both acute and chronic pancreatitis. Overtime, this encapsulated enzyme-rich fluid collection may erode into surrounding vasculature and result in the formation of a pseudoaneurysm. Pseudoaneurysms can rupture into the gastrointestinal tract and present as upper, lower, and biliary bleeding. Read More

Oncol Lett 2018 Jun 20;15(6):9735-9744. Epub 2018 Apr 20.

Department of Radiology, Affiliated Hospital of Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, Guizhou 550004, P.R. China.

The present study retrospectively analyzed computerized tomography (CT), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and positron emission tomography-computerized tomography (PET/CT) data to identify features that may distinguish pancreatic carcinoma (PC) from mass-forming chronic pancreatitis (MFCP) of the pancreatic head. The mean diameter of the lesions was larger in the MFCP patients (n=24) than in the PC patients (n=30; 5.44±27 vs. Read More

Dig Dis Sci 2018 09 24;63(9):2351-2361. Epub 2018 May 24.

Faculty of Medicine, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal.

Background: Pancreatic cysts are common incidental findings with malignant potential, raising diagnostic and treatment dilemmas.

Aims: To determine the added value of KRAS and GNAS mutation analysis on cyst classification and decision making.

Methods: We analyzed 52 frozen samples of pancreatic cystic fluid obtained by EUS-FNA between 2008 and 2014. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 May;97(19):e0439

Department of General Surgery.

Rationale: Autoimmune pancreatitis (AIP) is a special type of chronic pancreatitis, which is rarely associated with pseudocyst.

Patient Concerns: A 48-year-old man complained of a recurrent upper abdominal pain in our hospital.

Diagnoses: A cystic mass of size 4 × 3 cm in his pancreatic tail was found by computed tomography. Read More

J Med Imaging Radiat Oncol 2018 Jun 2;62(3):364-369. Epub 2018 May 2.

Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Fukuiken Saiseikai Hospital, Fukui, Japan.

We report the usefulness of dual-phase cone-beam computed tomography during angiography (CBCTA) and automated tumour-feeder detection software (AFD) in transarterial embolization (TAE) for three consecutive cases of obscure arterial bleeding in the abdomen. Two patients presented with lower gastrointestinal bleeding and one showed bleeding into the pancreatic pseudocyst. Superior mesenteric or common hepatic angiography did not demonstrate extravasation, but dual-phase CBCTA and AFD could identify extravasation and an access route to the bleeding point. Read More

BMC Res Notes 2018 Apr 27;11(1):262. Epub 2018 Apr 27.

National Hospital, Colombo, Sri Lanka.

Background: Pancreatic cysts are being diagnosed more frequently because of the increasing usage of imaging techniques. A pseudocyst with the major diameter of 10 cm is termed as a giant cyst. Asymptomatic pseudo-cysts up to 6 cm in diameter can be safely observed and monitored without intervention, but larger and symptomatic pseudocysts require intervention. Read More

BMC Gastroenterol 2018 Apr 23;18(1):52. Epub 2018 Apr 23.

Department of Surgery, University of Milan, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.

Background: Pancreatic duct disruption is a challenging condition leading to pancreatic juice leakage and consequently to pancreatic fluid collections. The manifestations of pancreatic main duct leak include pseudocysts, walled-off necrosis, pancreatic fistulas, ascites, pleural and pericardial effusions. Pseudocyst formation is the most frequent outcome of a pancreatic duct leak. Read More

J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 May;33(5):974

Asian institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.

Hong Kong Med J 2018 04;24(2):206.e1-e2

Department of Radiology, Princess Margaret Hospital, Laichikok, Hong Kong.

Abdom Radiol (NY) 2018 Oct;43(10):2790-2808

Radiology, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, 132 South 10th Street, Suite 1087, Main Building, Philadelphia, PA, 19107, USA.

Few things in radiology are "pathognomonic" in their appearance or presentation. However, having an awareness of those findings which are specific to a certain entity is important when interpreting imaging studies. These classic findings can be identified with many imaging modalities, but no modality provides as many recognizable observations as an MRI. Read More

Zhonghua Wai Ke Za Zhi 2018 Apr;56(4):265-268

General Surgery Department, Peking University Third Hospital, Beijing 100191, China.

Pancreatic pseudocyst is the most common pancreatic cystic disease in clinical practice.In the surgical treatment of pancreatic pseudocysts, most surgeons preferred laparoscopic surgery in recent years.The options and the timing of laparoscopic surgery for pancreatic pseudocysts in different situations are explored in the paper. Read More

Acta Gastroenterol Belg 2017 Apr-Jun;80(2):283-291

Department of Radiology, Medical School of Istanbul Medeniyet University, Göztepe Training and Research Hospital.

The management of cystic pancreatic neoplasm (CPN) is a clinical dilemma because of its clinical presentations and malignant potential. Surgery is the best treatment choice ; however, pancreatic surgery still has high complication rates, even in experienced centers. Imaging methods have a definitive role in the management of CPN and computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging, and endoscopic ultrasonography are the preferred methods since they can reveal the suspicious features for malignancy. Read More

Ann Hepatobiliary Pancreat Surg 2018 Feb 26;22(1):75-78. Epub 2018 Feb 26.

Division of Hepatobiliary and Pancreatic Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Department of Surgery, University Surgical Cluster, National University Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

Adrenal pseudocysts are rare entities, which are usually asymptomatic. Large symptomatic adrenal pseudocysts may cause compressive symptoms. The etiology of these cysts is unknown, although the cyst wall is all lined by fibrous tissue, without any epithelial or endothelial lining. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2018 Apr 5;28(2):131-141. Epub 2018 Jan 5.

Department of Surgery, Vanderbilt University, 801 Oxford House, 1313 21st Avenue South, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.

Open surgical intervention for treatment of simple pancreatic pseuodocyst (PP) has a high success rate and has been the historical gold standard. Open surgical intervention, however, confers significant morbidity and mortality, which has spurred the development of less invasive techniques. Laparoscopic approaches are feasible with the potential for lower complication rates and length of stay. Read More

Gastrointest Endosc Clin N Am 2018 Apr 1;28(2):123-130. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

State University of New York, The Greater New York Endoscopy Center, 2211 Emmons Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11235, USA. Electronic address:

Pseudocysts evolve from fluid collections and/or disruptions of the pancreatic duct. They may occur secondary to acute pancreatitis, pancreatic trauma, or chronic pancreatitis. Lacking the clinical information, radiologists may inappropriately call a fluid collection or any cystic lesion a pseudocyst. Read More

Gut 2018 07 20;67(7):1209-1228. Epub 2018 Feb 20.

Department of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Objectives: Interventional endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) procedures are gaining popularity and the most commonly performed procedures include EUS-guided drainage of pancreatic pseudocyst, EUS-guided biliary drainage, EUS-guided pancreatic duct drainage and EUS-guided celiac plexus ablation. The aim of this paper is to formulate a set of practice guidelines addressing various aspects of the above procedures.

Methods: Formulation of the guidelines was based on the best scientific evidence available. Read More