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World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 21. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Gui de Chauliac, Montpellier University Medical Center, Montpellier, France; INSERM U1198, University of Montpellier, France. Electronic address:

Objective: It is unknown if spinal instrumentation is required to prevent deformity after partial vertebrectomy in the treatment of primary bronchogenic carcinomas invading the spine (PBCIS). In this study, we focus on the postoperative spine deformity in patients operated for partial vertebrectomies without instrumentation during en bloc PBCIS resection. Our objective was to determine if deformity depends on the type of vertebral resection and if any vertebral resection threshold can be observed to justify additional spinal instrumentation. Read More

PLoS One 2018 10;13(10):e0204595. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA, United States of America.

The in vivo microenvironment of tissues provides myriad unique signals to cells. Thus, following isolation, many cell types change in culture, often preserving some but not all of their in vivo characteristics in culture. At least some of the in vivo microenvironment may be mimicked by providing specific cues to cultured cells. Read More

Exp Oncol 2018 Oct;40(3):239-242

National Cancer Institute, Kyiv 03022, Ukraine.

Aim: To study the nature of different variants of paraneoplastic syndrome (PNPS) in lung cancer, taking into account the features of the tumorous process and the complications of radiochemotherapy.

Patients And Methods: We performed an analysis of the data of 1,669 patients with lung cancer aged between 24 and 87 years, among whom there were 89% of men and 11% of women. The ratio of small cell and non-small-cell histological variants of the lung cancer was 1: 4, IB, IIA, IIB, IIIA, IIIB and IV stages of cancer - 1:2:6:58:43:57. Read More

J Emerg Med 2018 09 23;55(3):399-401. Epub 2018 Jul 23.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of California, San Diego, California.

Background: Pancoast syndrome is an uncommon complication of apical lung tumors. Symptoms include pain, brachial plexopathy, and Horner's syndrome, and are the result of extrinsic compression of tissues within the thoracic inlet. Lymphoma is a very rare etiology. Read More

Lung Cancer 2018 Aug 19;122:206-213. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Marcus Neuroscience Institute, Boca Raton Regional Hospital, Boca Raton, FL, USA.

Objectives: Although treatment of superior sulcus tumors with induction chemoradiotherapy (CRT) followed by surgery employed in the Intergroup INT-0160 trial is widely adopted as a standard of care, there may be significant associated morbidity and mortality. We describe our experience using standard and alternative induction regimens to assess survival rates and treatment toxicity in these patients.

Materials And Methods: Electronic medical records of all patients who underwent multimodality treatment including resection of lung cancer invading the superior pulmonary sulcus between 1994 and 2016 were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2018 Jun;10(Suppl 16):S1850-S1854

Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences (DIMEC), Alma Mater Studiorum, Sant' Orsola Malpighi Hospital, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy.

Background: In some patients with complex Superior Sulcus tumors, a combination of surgical accesses may be required. For patients with very large tumors which invade the first ribs anteriorly and without subclavian vessels involvement, we developed a "double-step" technique to facilitate resection and reduce surgical trauma.

Methods: The technique was performed on five patients with a bulky non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), four of whom had a Superior Sulcus tumor. Read More

Eur J Intern Med 2018 Jul 10. Epub 2018 Jul 10.

Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Science, University of California Davis Health, Sacramento, CA, USA. Electronic address:

Zhongguo Fei Ai Za Zhi 2018 Jun;21(6):493-497

Department of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Center, Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100021, China.

Superior sulcus tumor of the lung is a bronchogenic tumor occurred in the apex of the upper lobe of the lung and is a unique clinical subtype of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), which account for less than 5% of all bronchogenic carcinomas. It often involves the first rib, brachial plexus, subclavian vessels, sympathetic chain, stellate ganglion or vertebra. A lot of progress has been achieved in the treatment of superior sulcus tumor over the past decades. Read More

Cir Esp 2018 Jun 20. Epub 2018 Jun 20.

Departamento de Cirugía Torácica, Universidad de Ataturk, Erzurum, Turquía.

Zentralbl Chir 2018 Jun 22;143(3):316-330. Epub 2018 Jun 22.

Pancoast or superior pulmonary sulcus tumour is a subset of lung carcinoma that invades the structures of the thoracic inlet - first ribs, distal roots of the brachial plexus, stellate ganglion, vertebrae, and subclavian vessels. The first symptom is usually shoulder pain; consequently, most patients are initially treated for osteoarthritis. Late diagnosis is common. Read More

J Am Osteopath Assoc 2018 Jun;118(6):416-419

Signet ring cell carcinoma, a subtype of adenocarcinoma, is a rare cause of primary lung cancer. The authors report a case of primary lung signet ring cell carcinoma presenting as a cavitary Pancoast tumor in a 32-year-old male smoker. Beyond the rarity of primary lung signet ring cell carcinoma itself, the youth of the patient, his smoking status, the presence of cavitation, and the location of the tumor in the superior sulcus make it especially atypical. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2018 Sep 12;106(3):e115-e116. Epub 2018 Apr 12.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hemato-oncology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Several different surgical approaches to anterior Pancoast tumors have been proposed. The osteomuscular-sparing transmanubrial approach allows optimal exposure and control of apical chest wall structures, but it requires an additional thoracotomy to perform the lobectomy with radical lymph node resection. The presented technique combines the osteomuscular-sparing transmanubrial approach with robotic-assisted upper lobectomy in a severely obese patient, thereby reducing the invasiveness of the surgical approach and the postoperative complications. Read More

A A Pract 2018 Jul;11(2):29-31

From the Departments of Chronic Pain Medicine.

Pancoast-Tobias syndrome characterizes the signs and symptoms of a superior pulmonary sulcus tumor, and includes arm and shoulder pain, atrophy of intrinsic hand muscles, and ipsilateral Horner syndrome. The rarity and overall poor prognosis of patients with superior pulmonary sulcus tumors associated with Pancoast-Tobias syndrome has led to few reports detailing pain management strategies with adjunctive therapies, such as continuous infusions of ketamine and lidocaine, chemotherapy, radiation, and multimodal oral medication regimens. This case highlights the diagnosis and treatment of pain in a patient with Pancoast-Tobias syndrome. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Dec 7;2017. Epub 2017 Dec 7.

Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC, USA.

Here we present a case of a large pleural lipoma which presented with paresthesias of the hand. This is an unusual presentation of an uncommon tumour. Read More

Eur Spine J 2018 Jul 7;27(7):1567-1574. Epub 2017 Dec 7.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Houston Methodist Hospital, 6550 Fannin Street, Smith Tower, Suite 2500, Houston, TX, 77030, USA.

Purpose: High thoracotomy allows access to the anterior cervicothoracic and upper thoracic vertebrae; however, traditional techniques transect shoulder girdle muscles, leading to postoperative shoulder dysfunction. Muscle-sparing techniques diminish this concern, but often sacrifice the quality of exposure. We describe a novel muscle-sparing, high thoracotomy approach for the treatment of ventral cervicothoracic and upper thoracic spine lesions. Read More

BMC Genomics 2017 Nov 13;18(1):867. Epub 2017 Nov 13.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, 45221-0006, USA.

Background: The olfactory system enables organisms to detect chemical cues in the environment and can signal the availability of food or the presence of a predator. Appropriate behavioral responses to these chemical cues are therefore important for organismal survival and can influence traits such as organismal life span and food consumption. However, understanding the genetic mechanisms underlying odor-guided behavior, correlated responses in other traits, and how these constrain or promote their evolution, remain an important challenge. Read More

Respir Med Case Rep 2017 30;22:218-219. Epub 2017 Aug 30.

Univeristy Hospital Shefqet Ndroqi, Tirana, Albania.

Patient with Pancoast Tumor usually present in advanced stage of the disease which requires chemotherapy and radiotherapy as options of treatment. Histologic confirmation is a key for further treatment of these patients. Normally in bronchoscopy the lesion can't be visualised and in result making biopsy difficult to perform. Read More

Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab 2017 12 5;313(6):E663-E671. Epub 2017 Sep 5.

Department of Stem Cell and Regenerative Biology and the Harvard Stem Cell Institute, Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts;

Soluble IL-13 receptor-α1, or sIL13rα1, is a soluble protein that binds to interleukin-13 (IL-13) that has been previously described in mice. The function of sIL13rα1 remains unclear, but it has been hypothesized to act as a decoy receptor for IL-13. Recent studies have identified a role for IL-13 in glucose metabolism, suggesting that a decoy receptor for IL-13 might increase circulating glucose levels. Read More

Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017 27;29(1):89-90. Epub 2017 Mar 27.

Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Semin Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017 Spring;29(1):79-88. Epub 2017 Feb 22.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Milan, Italy; Department of Oncology and Hematology, DIPO, University of Milan, Italy.

This paper reports on the characteristics, treatment modalities, and outcomes of patients with superior sulcus tumors who underwent surgery over a period of 15 years in 1 institution. Clinical records of 94 consecutive patients operated on by the same surgical team for non-small cell lung cancer between July 1998 and December 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All patients received lung and chest wall en bloc resection. Read More

Int J Surg Case Rep 2017 17;37:87-89. Epub 2017 Jun 17.

Second Department of Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Japan.

Introduction: Superior sulcus tumors, frequently referred to as Pancoast tumors, are a wide range of tumors invading a section of the apical chest wall called the thoracic inlet. For this reason, a surgical approach and complete resection may be difficult to accomplish. We experienced a locally advanced superior sulcus tumor (SST) located from the anterior to posterior apex thoracic inlet and performed complete resection after definitive chemoradiation. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Jun 13;2017. Epub 2017 Jun 13.

Department of Internal Medicine, King Abdullah Medical City, Mecca, Saudi Arabia.

Postgrad Med J 2017 Dec 8;93(1106):779. Epub 2017 Jun 8.

Department of Pulmonary, Critical Care and Sleep Medicine, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston-McGovern Medical School, Houston, TX, USA.

Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg 2017 Jun 9;23(3):161-163. Epub 2017 May 9.

Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.

We describe our approach to resect a Pancoast tumor with thoracoscopic assistance in a partitioned incision. We used the LigaSure vessel-sealing system under thoracoscopy in chest wall resection for Pancoast tumor. This approach is of great utility: easy-to use and less invasive for Pancoast tumor resection. Read More

J Surg Oncol 2017 Aug 13;116(2):227-235. Epub 2017 Apr 13.

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the impact of T stage and extended surgery on the outcome of patients with Pancoast tumors after induction chemoradiation therapy.

Methods: Forty-six consecutive patients who underwent chemoradiation therapy (platin-based, 45-66 Gy) followed by surgery between 1998 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed and analyzed.

Results: In 28 (61%) patients with T4 tumors, extended procedures (more than rib resection) were performed. Read More

Thorac Surg Clin 2017 May;27(2):149-157

Department of Thoracic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco, 1600 Divisadero Street, Room A-743, San Francisco, CA 94143-1724, USA.

Superior sulcus tumors have posed a formidable therapeutic challenge since their original description by Pancoast and Tobias in the early twentieth century. Initial therapeutic efforts with radiotherapy were associated with high rates of relapse and mortality. Bimodality therapy with complete surgical resection in the 1960s paved the way for trimodality therapy as the current standard of care in the treatment of superior sulcus tumors. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2017 Mar 24;2017. Epub 2017 Mar 24.

Department of Family Medicine, Apple Valley Medical Clinic, Apple Valley, Minnesota, USA.

We present an interesting case where a patient is presented with a droopy left eyelid (as part of Horner syndrome) and Cushingoid features which were a result of a Pancoast tumour (apical lung tumour in superior pulmonary sulcus) involving the left lung. This tumour was secreting ectopic adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH), a paraneoplastic endocrine phenomenon, which resulted in Cushing syndrome symptomatology. Though most ectopic ACTH-producing lung cancers are either small cell or carcinoid tumours, this was in fact a large cell neuroendocrine cancer (LCNEC). Read More

J Med Case Rep 2017 Mar 7;11(1):61. Epub 2017 Mar 7.

Department of Surgery, Weiss Memorial Hospital, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Myxofibrosarcoma is an aggressive soft tissue neoplasm, classified as a variant of malignant fibrous histiocytoma. Most often, it occurs in middle to late adult life peaking in the seventh decade and involving the lower extremities (77%), trunk (12%), and retroperitoneum or mediastinum (8%). We report the first case of thoracic myxofibrosarcoma presenting as a Pancoast tumor. Read More

Clin Exp Obstet Gynecol 2017 ;44(3):337-340

Homer's syndrome (HS) is based on dysfunction of symphathetic nervous system at the cervical canal. The signs of the syndrome occur on the same side as the lesion of the sympathetic trunk and include: a constricted pupil, a weak-droopy eyelid, apparent decreased sweating, and with or without inset eyeball. HS has been observed as a rare complication of epidural anaesthesia in obstetrics during labour or cesarean section. Read More

3D Print Med 2017 6;3(1):14. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

1Department of Medical Imaging, The Ottawa Hospital, University of Ottawa School of Medicine, Ottawa, ON Canada.

In this work, we provide specific clinical examples to demonstrate basic practical techniques involved in image segmentation, computer-aided design, and 3D printing. A step-by-step approach using United States Food and Drug Administration cleared software is provided to enhance surgical intervention in a patient with a complex superior sulcus tumor. Furthermore, patient-specific device creation is demonstrated using dedicated computer-aided design software. Read More

Pain Med 2016 12 1;17(12):2437-2438. Epub 2016 Jun 1.

Department of Radiology, Elbistan State Hospital, Kahramanmaraş, Turkey.

Asian Spine J 2016 Dec 8;10(6):1047-1057. Epub 2016 Dec 8.

Division of Neurosurgery, Hôpital Notre-Dame, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

Study Design: Monocentric prospective study.

Purpose: To assess the safety and effectiveness of the posterior approach for resection of advanced Pancoast tumors.

Overview Of Literature: In patients with advanced Pancoast tumors invading the spine, most surgical teams consider the combined approach to be necessary for "" resection to control visceral, vascular, and neurological structures. Read More

Tumori 2016 Nov 11;102(Suppl. 2). Epub 2016 Nov 11.

Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan - Italy.

Purpose: Several techniques have been proposed for the challenging surgical resection of Pancoast tumors. We describe a hybrid approach that combines video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) lobectomy and limited Shaw-Paulson thoracotomy.

Methods: We report a case of Pancoast tumor in a 57-year-old man, staged as cT3N0M0, that was treated with induction chemoradiotherapy prior to the hybrid surgical approach. Read More

Expert Rev Respir Med 2016 12 27;10(12):1255-1258. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

a Pulmonary Oncology Unit, "G. Papanikolaou" General Hospital , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece.

Introduction: According to the American College of Chest Physician definition, a Pancoast tumor is a tumor which invades any of the structures of the apex of the chest including the first thoracic ribs or periosteum, the lower nerve roots of the bronchial plexus, the sympathetic chain and stellate gaglion near the apex of the chest or the subclavian vessels. Pancoast tumors account for less than 3-5 % of lung tumors. Areas covered: We searched the libraries scopus and pub med and found 124 related manuscripts. Read More

J Hist Med Allied Sci 2016 Oct 31;71(4):422-446. Epub 2016 Jul 31.

Departments of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine and Paediatrics, Cumming School of Medicine and Calgary Laboratory Services, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada. Email:

Effective Anatomical Acts transformed medical education and curtailed grave-robbing. William S. Forbes, Demonstrator of Anatomy at Jefferson Medical College in Philadelphia, authored the Pennsylvania Anatomy Act of 1867, but it was ineffective. Read More

Rev Mal Respir 2016 Nov 29;33(9):808-811. Epub 2016 Aug 29.

Service de pneumologie, hôpitaux de Brabois, CHU de Nancy, 54500 Vandœuvre-lès-Nancy, France.

Introduction: Rhabdoid tumours usually develop in brain and spinal cord or kidney; they are highly malignant neoplasms that typically arise in infancy and early childhood. However, rare cases of pulmonary localization have been described, particularly among young adults.

Case Report: A 26-year-old man, smoker, had a right apical lung mass associated with a Pancoast syndrome leading to haemoptysis. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2016 Sep 5;11(3):238-41. Epub 2016 Jul 5.

Department of Radiology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, 2500 N State St, Jackson, MS 39216, USA.

Pneumocephalus and pneumorrhachis are related to transgression of the barriers to the central nervous system. We present a patient with a Pancoast tumor treated with palliative chemoradiation who developed symptomatic spinal and intracranial air caused by spontaneous bronchopleurodurosubarachnoid fistula secondary to direct tumor invasion into the thecal sac. Read More

Cancer Control 2016 Jul;23(3):295-301

Imland Klinik, 24768 Rendsburg, Germany.

Background: Surgical outcomes for Pancoast (superior sulcus) tumors of the lung have significantly changed during the last few decades and have improved with use of curative-intent surgery by utilizing en bloc complete resections.

Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted of 11 selected patients treated at Moffitt Cancer Center from 2007 to 2016. Data from patient records were collected and analyzed. Read More

J Clin Anesth 2016 Sep 29;33:166-7. Epub 2016 Apr 29.

Department of Anesthesiology, Osaka Medical College.

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2016 Jul;26(7):623-5

Department of Medicine, Khyber Teaching Hospital, Peshawar.

This report describes a patient who presented with pancoast syndrome, secondary to spindle cell sarcoma of the lung. A 56-year man presented with dyspnea, engorged neck veins and bilateral upper limb pitting edema. The patient also had ptosis and miosis in the right eye. Read More

Rep Pract Oncol Radiother 2016 Sep-Oct;21(5):427-34. Epub 2016 May 5.

Radiotherapy Department, Centre Paul Strauss, 3, rue de la Porte de l'Hôpital, BP 42, 67065 Strasbourg Cedex, France; Radiobiology Laboratory EA 3430, Federation of Translational Medicine in Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg University, Strasbourg, France.

Aim: A dosimetric study comparing intensity modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) by TomoTherapy to conformational 3D radiotherapy (3D-RT) in patients with superior sulcus non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC).

Background: IMRT became the main technique in modern radiotherapy. However it was not currently used for lung cancers. Read More

J Plast Reconstr Aesthet Surg 2016 Sep 10;69(9):1165-77. Epub 2016 Jun 10.

Voluntary Professor of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, PO Box 450823, Miami, FL 33245-0823, USA. Electronic address:

All scientific data should be presented with sufficient accuracy and precision so that they can be both analyzed properly and reproduced. Visual data are the foundation upon which plastic surgeons advance knowledge. We use visual data to achieve reproducible results by discerning details of procedures and differences between pre- and post-surgery images. Read More

Ann Transl Med 2016 Jun;4(12):239

Thoracic Surgery Unit, Department of Cardiologic, Thoracic and Vascular Sciences, University of Padua, Padova, Italy.

Superior Sulcus Tumors, frequently termed as Pancoast tumors, are a wide range of tumors invading the apical chest wall. Due to its localization in the apex of the lung, with the potential invasion of the lower part of the brachial plexus, first ribs, vertebrae, subclavian vessels or stellate ganglion, the superior sulcus tumors cause characteristic symptoms, like arm or shoulder pain or Horner's syndrome. The management of superior sulcus tumors has dramatically evolved over the past 50 years. Read More

Interact Cardiovasc Thorac Surg 2016 11 29;23(5):821-825. Epub 2016 Jun 29.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Liverpool Heart and Chest Hospital, Liverpool, UK.

A best evidence topic in cardiothoracic surgery was written according to a structured protocol. The question addressed was whether induction (neoadjuvant) chemoradiotherapy (iCRT) compared with other therapeutic strategies improves survival in patients with Pancoast tumours. Altogether 248 papers were identified using the below-mentioned search. Read More

Ann Thorac Surg 2016 Jul;102(1):e7-9

Center for Advanced Heart Failure and Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, University of Texas-Houston and Memorial Hermann Hospital-Texas Medical Center, Houston, Texas. Electronic address:

Venovenous (V-V) extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) is used for respiratory failure that is suspected to be reversible (bridge to recovery), or as a bridge to lung transplantation. Patients with proximal airway obstruction due to endobronchial malignancy can develop acute respiratory failure, and may benefit from V-V ECMO as a bridge to airway intervention, further treatment, and eventual recovery. We describe a case of a superior sulcus tumor with tracheobronchial and superior vena cava invasion causing both respiratory failure and superior vena cava syndrome. Read More

Tissue Eng Part A 2016 07 28;22(13-14):917-27. Epub 2016 Jun 28.

1 Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge, Massachusetts.

Tissue engineering approaches using growth factor-functionalized acellular scaffolds to support and guide repair driven by endogenous cells are thought to require a careful balance between cell recruitment and growth factor release kinetics. The objective of this study was to identify a growth factor combination that accelerates progenitor cell migration into self-assembling peptide hydrogels in the context of cartilage defect repair. A novel 3D gel-to-gel migration assay enabled quantification of the chemotactic impact of platelet-derived growth factor-BB (PDGF-BB), heparin-binding insulin-like growth factor-1 (HB-IGF-1), and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) on progenitor cells derived from subchondral bovine trabecular bone (bone-marrow progenitor cells, BM-PCs) encapsulated in the peptide hydrogel [KLDL]3. Read More

Mayo Clin Proc 2016 05;91(5):e69-70

Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

J Cardiothorac Surg 2016 Apr 14;11(1):65. Epub 2016 Apr 14.

Thoracic Surgery and Lung Transplant Unit, Fondazione IRCCS (Scientific Institute for Research Hospitalization and Health Care) "Ca' Granda" General Hospital University of Milan, Via Francesco Sforza, 35, Milan, 20122, Italy.

Background: The mini-ivasive approach to superior sulcus tumors is an uncommon procedure that is still far from standardization. We describe a hybrid surgical technique to approach "en block" chest resection and pulmonary lobectomy for anterior superior sulcus tumors.

Case Presentation: A patient affected by right anterior Pancoast tumor surgically staged as cT4N0M0 (suspected anonymous vein invasion) underwent chemo-radiation induction therapy with satisfactory tumor reduction. Read More

J Emerg Med 2016 May 15;50(5):e215-8. Epub 2016 Feb 15.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Background: Horner's syndrome refers to the clinical triad of ptosis, miosis, and anhidrosis resulting from disruption of the ocular and facial sympathetic pathways. A myriad of etiologies can lead to Horner's syndrome; awareness of the underlying anatomy can assist physicians in identifying potential causes and initiating appropriate care.

Case Report: Two patients presented to our Nashville-area hospital in 2014. Read More