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World J Clin Cases 2021 Jun;9(17):4423-4432

Department of Neurology, Affiliated Zhejiang Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang Province, China.

Background: Paraneoplastic cerebellar degeneration (PCD), which is rare in clinical practice, is closely related to autoimmunity. Cases positive for anti-Yo antibodies (anti-Purkinje cytoplasmic antibody 1) are the main subtype of PCD. PCD is subacute cerebellar degeneration, and while it progresses over weeks to months, its resultant deficits last much longer. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 31;14(5). Epub 2021 May 31.

Department of Hematology and Oncology, Mount Auburn Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Cambridge, Massachusetts, USA.

We report a case of a previously healthy woman in her early 70s who presented with 2 weeks of episodic abdominal pain and significant weight loss. Imaging of her abdomen revealed acute right ovarian torsion associated with bilateral ovarian enlargement and an indeterminant pelvic mass. An urgent laparoscopic bilateral oophorectomy was performed with pathological results consistent with triple-hit high-grade B-cell lymphoma. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 26;2021(5):rjab130. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome is a congenital disorder caused by the abnormal absence of paramesonephric ducts. The main characteristics of this syndrome include hypoplasia or aplasia of the uterus, absence of the cervix and upper part of vagina. Otherwise, ovaries and fallopian tubes have normal functions. Read More

Int Med Case Rep J 2021 20;14:333-338. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Pathology, University of Health Sciences- Somalia Turkey Recep Tayyip Erdogan Education and Research Hospital, Mogadishu, Somalia.

Mature cystic teratoma (MCT) is a benign and unilateral ovarian neoplasm usually seen in premenopausal women. Its most common complication, torsion, is a well-known cause of acute abdominal pain. However, it is rare in the early postpartum period. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021 May 24. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Izmir Tepecik Education and Reseach Hospital, Izmir, Turkey. Electronic address:

Study Objective: The aim of this study is to compare the characteristics of adolescents with and without adnexal mass diagnosed with ovarian torsion (OT).

Design: Retrospective cross-sectional study.

Setting: Gynecology Department at Tepecik Education and Reseach Hospital, Izmir,Tukey. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2021 May 7;262:134-141. Epub 2021 May 7.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Ridge Road, 119074, Singapore. Electronic address:

Introduction: Extragonadal teratomas (EGTs) are rare and the commonest intra-abdominal subtype is omental. We present two cases: 1) a parasitic omental teratoma likely secondary to auto-amputation of an ovarian teratoma with subsequent omental reimplantation and 2) an omental immature teratoma likely due to parthenogenetic activation of displaced primordial germ cells. We subsequently conduct a systematic review to characterise EGTs. Read More

J Clin Ultrasound 2021 May 22. Epub 2021 May 22.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Komfo Anokye Teaching Hospital, Kumasi, Ghana.

In this review, we investigated the diagnostic value of the sonographic "whirlpool sign" in identifying ovarian torsion. This was done by performing a search in PubMed, Scopus, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, and Google scholar. Additional search for the grey literature was made in EThOS. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2021 May 20. Epub 2021 May 20.

Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Tel Aviv, Israel.

Objectives: The aim of the study was to evaluate the clinical and sonographic parameters associated with a correct or incorrect diagnosis of adnexal torsion made by resident/attending physicians who are not expert sonographers.

Methods: A retrospective study design included women who presented to the Emergency Department (ED) of a tertiary medical center between 2010 and 2019 with acute lower abdominal pain, who were subsequently diagnosed laparoscopically with adnexal torsion. Women who were correctly diagnosed in the ED by an obstetrician-gynecologist who was not an expert sonographer were compared for clinical and sonographic parameters with women who were initially incorrectly diagnosed and underwent a second ultrasound examination by an expert sonographer following admission. Read More

Case Rep Womens Health 2021 Jul 24;31:e00318. Epub 2021 Apr 24.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yokohama Municipal Citizen's Hospital, 1-1 Mituzawa, Kanagawa-ku, Yokohama 221-0855, Japan.

Massive ovarian edema (MOE) is a rare non-neoplastic clinicopathologic disease that is characterized by stromal edema and is caused by the partial or intermittent obstruction of venous and lymphatic drainage. The literature on MOE contains approximately 200 cases, but only 12 cases of MOE during pregnancy have been reported to date. We report a case of MOE at 22 weeks of gestation that was diagnosed preoperatively, and the patient underwent laparoscopic surgery. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021 May 18. Epub 2021 May 18.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yozgat Bozok University Faculty of Medicine, Yozgat, Turkey.

Aim: Ovarian torsion is a gynecopathology that requires emergency surgery in women. However, ischemia reperfusion injury (IRI) occurs after treatment with detorsion. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of monoacylglycerol lipase inhibitor JZL184 on ovarian IRI and ovarian reserve. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 Jul 30;16(7):1646-1649. Epub 2021 Apr 30.

Department of Radiology, Riverside University Health System, 26520 Cactus Ave, Moreno Valley, CA 92555.

Ovarian torsion (OT) is a medical emergency which can have significant clinical consequences. It is surgically treated by either detorsion with or without oophoropexy, or oophorectomy. In this report, a case of left OT is described after prior hysterectomy and bilateral prophylactic oophoropexy three years prior. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Division of Pediatric and Adolescent Gynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Ohio State University College of Medicine, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH. Electronic address:

Study Objective: Assess postoperative management of pediatric patients with benign ovarian neoplasms to develop recommendations for postoperative care.

Design: A retrospective cohort study.

Setting: Eight pediatric hospitals in the Midwest. Read More

J Pediatr Adolesc Gynecol 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

University of South Carolina School of Medicine; Prisma Health, Midlands. Electronic address:

Study Objective: A previously published scoring system showed promise in identifying adnexal torsion in adolescents. However, published patients were homogeneously Caucasian. We sought to assess if this scoring system was generalizable to a more diverse population that is predominantly African American and overweight. Read More

Radiol Med 2021 Jul 5;126(7):910-924. Epub 2021 May 5.

Diagnostic Imaging Department, San Paolo Hospital-ASL 2, via Genova, 30, Savona, Italy.

The Canal of Nuck (CN) is an anatomical structure which is often forgotten. It is the female equivalent of the male processus vaginalis and corresponds to a protrusion of parietal peritoneum that extends from the inguinal canal to labia majora. Radiologists rarely encounter patients with pathology of CN, especially in adult population. Read More

Brief Bioinform 2021 May 3. Epub 2021 May 3.

Xiangya School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Central South University, China.

The poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) has been regarded as a vital target in recent years and PARP1 inhibitors can be used for ovarian and breast cancer therapies. However, it has been realized that most of PARP1 inhibitors have disadvantages of low solubility and permeability. Therefore, by discovering more molecules with novel frameworks, it would have greater opportunities to apply it into broader clinical fields and have a more profound significance. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2021 Apr 17. Epub 2021 Apr 17.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology, and Reproductive Sciences, UPMC Magee-Womens Hospital, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania (all authors).

Am Surg 2021 Apr 18:31348211011128. Epub 2021 Apr 18.

Department of Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.

Immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP) is a disorder caused by autoimmune antibodies which target glycoprotein IIb/IIIa complex or other platelet membrane antigens leading to platelet destruction. These platelets are then cleared by the spleen resulting in thrombocytopenia. Immune thrombocytopenic purpura affects about 1 to 6. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 Apr 16;22:e930659. Epub 2021 Apr 16.

Department of Minimally Invasive Surgery, The Marchand Institute for Minimally Invasive Surgery, Mesa, AZ, USA.

BACKGROUND Advances in minimally invasive surgery are essential for the improvement of patient care, overall health care efficiency, and total cost reductions. Morcellation, the technique used in the present case, is often used to aid minimally invasive laparoscopic procedures, whereby larger tissue specimens are broken down and divided to be removed via smaller incisions. Morcellation has become controversial in the medical community owing to the risk of the procedure spreading an occult malignancy. Read More

Mol Cell 2021 Jun 14;81(12):2611-2624.e10. Epub 2021 Apr 14.

Laboratory of Genome Integrity, National Cancer Institute, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA. Electronic address:

The Shieldin complex shields double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) from nucleolytic resection. Curiously, the penultimate Shieldin component, SHLD1, is one of the least abundant mammalian proteins. Here, we report that the transcription factors THAP1, YY1, and HCF1 bind directly to the SHLD1 promoter, where they cooperatively maintain the low basal expression of SHLD1, thereby ensuring a proper balance between end protection and resection during DSB repair. Read More

J Assist Reprod Genet 2021 Apr 7. Epub 2021 Apr 7.

Centre for Reproductive Medicine, Universitair Ziekenhuis Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, 109, Brussels, Belgium.

Purpose: To report the first successful application of in vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes resulting in live births in two anovulatory women who had suffered oophorectomy following ovarian torsion after stimulation with gonadotropins.

Methods: Data abstraction was performed from medical records of two subfertile women with excessive functional ovarian reserve. Both women had previously received gonadotropins for ovulation induction or ovarian stimulation, resulting in ovarian torsion. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 5;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 5.

Department of Pediatric Endocrine, Parc Tauli Foundation-UAB University Institute, Sabadell, Catalunya, Spain

The Mayer-Rokitansky-Küster-Hauser (MRKH) syndrome, a spectrum of anomalies arising from incomplete development of the Müllerian ducts, is characterised by congenital aplasia of the uterus and upper part of the vagina, often in the absence of other phenotypical abnormalities. We report the case of a 13-year-old girl referred to our endocrinology unit after an incidental finding of uterine agenesis during laparoscopy to correct suspected ovarian torsion. Initial transabdominal ultrasonography found no uterus. Read More

J Surg Case Rep 2021 Mar 29;2021(3):rjab070. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Department of Sarcoma, Peritoneal and Rare Tumours (SPRinT), Division of Surgery and Surgical Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, Singapore.

We present an unprecedented case of torsion of a large ovarian cyst following colonoscopy. A 43-year-old female was found to have a 20 × 13 × 19 cm pelviabdominal mass possibly arising from the right ovary. Endoscopic evaluation was performed prior to planned resection of the ovarian mass. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Sci 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India.

Objective: The novel coronavirus pandemic led to the suspension of elective surgeries and the diversion of resources and manpower towards pandemic control. However, gynecological emergencies and malignancies must be addressed despite the restricted resources and the need for protective measures against COVID-19. This study aimed to determine the types of gynecological surgeries performed, difficulties encountered, and their outcomes in the setting of the pandemic. Read More

J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021 Jun 23;47(6):2220-2224. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

The Ruth and Bruce Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion, Haifa, Israel.

A prenatal ovarian juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT) is a rare entity which may present as an intra-abdominal cyst. Due to its low incidence, optimal management and timing for intervention remain uncertain. This report presents a case of an intra-abdominal cystic structure in a female fetus, one of the two fetuses in a dichorionic-diamniotic twin pregnancy, detected during routine fetal sonographic surveillance at 30 weeks of gestation. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2020 15;37:347. Epub 2020 Dec 15.

Aydın Adnan Menderes University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Aydın, Turkey.

Adnexal torsion in pregnancy is a rare gynecologic emergency that causes severe abdominal pain. The current paper reports a case of a woman with 18 weeks pregnancy who was referred to our tertiary clinic with sudden lower abdominal pain. Ultrasound scan showed a very large multicystic adnexal torsion mass on the right side displacing the gravid uterus to the anterior left. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021 Jun 15;50(6):102117. Epub 2021 Mar 15.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, CHU Lyon, Hôpital Femme Mère Enfant, 59 Bd Pinel, 69500, Bron, France.

Background: Ovarian torsion during pregnancy is a rare event and occurs mostly during the first trimester. This is the first case describing the diagnosis and management of an ovarian torsion at 33 weeks in a twin pregnancy with a normal term delivery.

Case Summary: The patient presented with irregular uterine contraction due to an acute abdominal pain in the right iliac fossa. Read More

Int J Womens Health 2021 10;13:317-326. Epub 2021 Mar 10.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Kyungpook National University Hospital, Daegu, Republic of Korea.

Objective: The objective of this study is to evaluate the preoperative hematological parameters to predict ovarian torsion in patients with ovarian mature cystic teratoma. We also analyzed the diagnostic value of these makers to predict ovarian necrosis in cases of torsion as well as the effect of torsion on ovarian reserve.

Patients And Methods: This is a retrospective study of 132 patients who received either laparoscopic or laparotomy surgery for OMCT at a single university hospital. Read More

Emerg Radiol 2021 Mar 17. Epub 2021 Mar 17.

BerbeeWalsh Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Wisconsin - Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, 53706, USA.

Objectives: We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging compared with computed tomography (CT) and ultrasound (US) when evaluating for five common pelvic pathologies among women presenting to the emergency department (ED) with right lower quadrant abdominal pain.

Methods: This prospective, single-center study was conducted at an academic ED as a sub-analysis of a direct comparison of the diagnostic accuracy of CT and MR in the evaluation of appendicitis. Patients were eligible for participation in the parent study if they were at least 12 years old and had a CT performed for evaluation of possible appendicitis. Read More

Postgrad Med J 2021 Mar 12. Epub 2021 Mar 12.

Gynaecology, St Vincent's Hospital Sydney, Darlinghurst, New South Wales, Australia.

Background: Ruptured ovarian cysts are common gynaecological presentation to health institutions with abdominal pain. While this phenomenon is generally self-limiting, surgery may be necessary in cases of haemodynamic compromise or association with torsion. The aim of this audit is to identify the trend of hospital presentations, as well as the review the management of modern gynaecology practice. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 4;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 4.

Division of Gynecology, Department of Pediatrics, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Hopitaux Universitaires de Geneve, Geneva, Switzerland.

A 37-year-old woman, gravida 2 para 1, arrived in our emergency clinic at 16 2/7 weeks of a spontaneously conceived pregnancy for abdominal pain. She was on oral antibiotics for 2 days to treat a suspected urinary tract infection with no improvement. Blood tests, abdominal ultrasound and intrauterine fetus were all normal. Read More