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JCO Precis Oncol 2022 04;6:e2100326

Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC.

Purpose: Most cases of pediatric acute leukemia occur in low- and middle-income countries, where health centers lack the tools required for accurate diagnosis and disease classification. Recent research shows the robustness of using unbiased short-read RNA sequencing to classify genomic subtypes of acute leukemia. Compared with short-read sequencing, nanopore sequencing has low capital and consumable costs, making it suitable for use in locations with limited health infrastructure. Read More

Pediatr Transplant 2022 03 27;26(2):e14179. Epub 2021 Oct 27.

Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Hackensack University Medical Center, Hackensack, New Jersey, USA.

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic brought challenges to all areas of medicine. In pediatric bone marrow transplant (BMT), one of the biggest challenges was determining how and when to transplant patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 while mitigating the risks of COVID-related complications.

Methods: Our joint adult and pediatric BMT program developed protocols for performing BMT during the pandemic, including guidelines for screening and isolation. Read More

Leuk Res Rep 2021 13;16:100273. Epub 2021 Oct 13.

Department of Cytogenetics and Molecular Biology, Military Medical Academy, Sofia, Bulgaria.

The deletion of the long arm of chromosome 20 is a characteristic cytogenetic marker of myeloid disorders. Rarely, it is also found in lymphoproliferative diseases, including multiple myeloma (MM). The role of 20q- in MM is not fully understood. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 03 19;11(1):6426. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

Department of Laboratory Medicine, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, 222 Banpo-daero, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 06591, Republic of Korea.

Leukapheresis is used for the mechanical removal of leukaemic cells in hyperleukocytosis. However, the effectiveness of leukapheresis remains unclear due to selection and confounding factors in the cohorts. We compared the effectiveness of leukapheresis among the subgroups according to either the 2016 World Health Organization classification or the number of cytogenetic abnormalities with a retrospective, single-centre study from January 2009 to December 2018. Read More

Clin Lymphoma Myeloma Leuk 2021 06 3;21(6):e559-e568. Epub 2021 Feb 3.

Hans Messner Allogeneic Transplant Program, Princess Margaret Cancer Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) outcomes may be predicted by published risk scores; however, the ideal system has not been identified for acute leukemias.

Patients And Methods: We retrospectively examined the Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation-Comorbidity Index (HCT-CI), modified European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (mEBMT), EBMT-Alternating Decision Tree (ADT), and others on 231 patients with acute leukemia.

Results: Acute myeloid leukemia was diagnosed in 200 patients, and acute lymphocytic leukemia was diagnosed in 31 patients. Read More

Blood Rev 2021 09 27;49:100810. Epub 2021 Feb 27.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; National Centre for Infections in Cancer, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Relapsed haematological malignancies have a poor disease prognosis with current therapies. Bispecific antibodies (BsAbs) are becoming increasingly recognised for their efficacy in the treatment of these malignancies and are approved for the treatment of B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL). BsAbs are manufactured to consist two variable chain fragments combined by a peptide linker amongst other structures to increase the half-life of the molecules. Read More

Am J Clin Pathol 2021 02;155(2):179-210

Division of Hematopathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN.

Objectives: To report the findings of the 2019 Society for Hematopathology/European Association for Haematopathology Workshop within the categories of reactive eosinophilia, hypereosinophilic syndrome (HES), germline disorders with eosinophilia (GDE), and myeloid and lymphoid neoplasms associated with eosinophilia (excluding entities covered by other studies in this series).

Methods: The workshop panel reviewed 109 cases, assigned consensus diagnosis, and created diagnosis-specific sessions.

Results: The most frequent diagnosis was reactive eosinophilia (35), followed by acute leukemia (24). Read More

J Healthc Eng 2020 3;2020:6648574. Epub 2020 Dec 3.

Beijing Key Laboratory of Petroleum Data Mining, China University of Petroleum-Beijing, Beijing 102249, China.

For the last few years, computer-aided diagnosis (CAD) has been increasing rapidly. Numerous machine learning algorithms have been developed to identify different diseases, e.g. Read More

J Immunother Cancer 2020 11;8(2)

Pediatric Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, Maryland, USA

Immunotherapeutic strategies targeting B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (B-ALL) effectively induce remission; however, disease recurrence remains a challenge. Due to the potential for antigen loss, antigen diminution, lineage switch or development of a secondary or treatment-related malignancy, the phenotype and manifestation of subsequent leukemia may be elusive. We report on two patients with multiply relapsed/refractory B-ALL who, following chimeric antigen receptor T-cell therapy, developed myeloid malignancies. Read More

Cancer 2020 12 10;126(24):5319-5327. Epub 2020 Sep 10.

Department of Pediatric Hematology, Oncology, and Blood and Marrow Transplantation, Pediatric Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio.

Background: Socioeconomic and demographic categories such as income, race, insurance status, and treatment center type are associated with outcomes in acute leukemia. This study was aimed at determining whether the distance to treatment center affects overall survival for children and young adults with acute leukemia.

Methods: The National Cancer Database was queried for patients 39 years old or younger who were diagnosed with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) or acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Read More

Leuk Res 2020 08 7;95:106385. Epub 2020 Jun 7.

Blood and Marrow Transplant Program at Northside Hospital, Atlanta, GA, USA.

There is a significant need for improved therapeutics in older patients with acute leukemia. Camidanlumab tesirine is an antibody-drug conjugate against CD25, an antigen expressed in several malignancies, including acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and acute myeloid leukemia (AML). This open-label, dose-escalation and -expansion study (NCT02588092) assessed the safety, activity, pharmacokinetics (PK), and immunogenicity of camidanlumab tesirine in patients with relapsed/refractory ALL/AML. Read More

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020 Feb;49(2):149-155

Department of Pathology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.

To investigate the clinicopathological features, immunophenotypes, genetics and prognosis of T-lymphocyte lymphoma/myeloid sarcoma combined with Langerhans cell histiocytyosis (coexistence of T-LBL/MS and LCH). Clinical and pathological data of the 6 patients with coexistence of T-LBL/MS and LCH were analyzed, who were diagnosed at the Foshan Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University and the Friendship Hospital of Capital Medical University, from December 2013 to April 2019. The hematoxylin and eosin stain, immunohitochemistry (EnVision) and in situ hybridization were used. Read More

BMC Cancer 2019 Nov 27;19(1):1147. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

Floyd and Delores Jones Cancer Institute, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 1100 Ninth Avenue (C2-HEM), Seattle, WA, 98101, USA.

Background: The advent of the immunomodulatory imide drugs (IMiDs) lenalidomide and thalidomide for the treatment of patients with plasma cell myeloma (PCM), has contributed to more than a doubling of the overall survival of these individuals. As a result, PCM patients join survivors of other malignancies such as breast and prostate cancer with a relatively new clinical problem - second primary malignancies (SPMs) - many of which are a result of the treatment of the initial cancer. PCM patients have a statistically significant increased risk for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and Kaposi sarcoma. Read More

Mol Med 2019 08 1;25(1):36. Epub 2019 Aug 1.

Laboratory of Systems Biology and Bioinformatics (LBB), Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is the most common type of cancer diagnosed in children and Glucocorticoids (GCs) form an essential component of the standard chemotherapy in most treatment regimens. The category of infant ALL patients carrying a translocation involving the mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) gene (gene KMT2A) is characterized by resistance to GCs and poor clinical outcome. Although some studies examined GC-resistance in infant ALL patients, the understanding of this phenomenon remains limited and impede the efforts to improve prognosis. Read More

Eur J Cancer Care (Engl) 2019 Sep 30;28(5):e13122. Epub 2019 Jun 30.

Dayan-Daycoval Family Hematology and Oncology Center, Hospital Israelita Albert Einstein, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Objectives: To analyse clinical outcomes comparing two age groups of patients undergoing allogeneic haematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT), and to identify risk factors associated with older patients' mortality.

Methods: In this retrospective study, the medical charts of all consecutive patients admitted in one hospital for allo-HSCT were reviewed. Overall survival (OS) and other outcomes were compared between patients aged up to 55 years (YG) and older than 55 (EG). Read More

Cancer Res 2019 08 11;79(15):3891-3902. Epub 2019 Jun 11.

Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Cell Biology, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Tumor Microenvironment and Inflammation, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) can suppress immunity and promote tumorigenesis, and their abundance is associated with poor prognosis. In this study, we show that SUMO1/sentrin-specific peptidase 1 (SENP1) regulates the development and function of MDSC. SENP1 deficiency in myeloid cells promoted MDSC expansion in bone marrow, spleen, and other organs. Read More

Mol Cancer Res 2019 07 23;17(7):1468-1479. Epub 2019 Apr 23.

Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

PR domain-containing 14 () is a pluripotency regulator central to embryonic stem cell identity and primordial germ cell specification. Genomic regions containing are often amplified leading to misexpression in human cancer. expression in mouse hematopoietic stem cells (HSC) leads to progenitor cell expansion prior to the development of T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL), consistent with PRDM14's role in cancer initiation. Read More

Zhongguo Shi Yan Xue Ye Xue Za Zhi 2019 Apr;27(2):339-347

Department of Hematology & Oncology, Childhren＇s Hospital Affiliated to Chongqing Medical University; Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders of Ministry of Education; China International Science and Technology Cooperation Base of Child Development and Critical Disorders; Chongqing Key Laboratory of Pediatrics, Chongqing 400014, China,E-mail:

Objective: To investigate the correlation of E-cadherin expression level with the clinical characterastics in children with acute leukemia (AL), and to explore the possible regulatory mechanism.

Methods: Real-time quantitative RT-PCR was applied to detect the expression level of E-cadherin in bone marrow samples from 135 child patients diagnosed as AL, and its relevance with clinical indicators was statistically analyzed. The expression levels of E-cadherin, β-catenin, and Akt/p-Akt were detected by using Western blot. Read More

J Med Chem 2019 04 25;62(7):3590-3616. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, School of Pharmacy , Amarillo , Texas 79106 , United States.

Aldo-keto reductase 1C3 (AKR1C3) catalyzes the synthesis of 9α,11β-prostaglandin (PG) F and PGF prostanoids that sustain the growth of myeloid precursors in the bone marrow. The enzyme is overexpressed in acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and T-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia (T-ALL). Moreover, AKR1C3 confers chemotherapeutic resistance to the anthracyclines: first-line agents for the treatment of leukemias. Read More

Br J Haematol 2019 04 31;185(2):232-239. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

Division of Molecular Genetic Epidemiology, German Cancer Research Centre (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany.

Improvement of survival in lymphocytic leukaemia has been accompanied by the occurrence of second primary cancer (SPCs). Based on Swedish Family Cancer Database, we applied bi-directional analyses in which relative risks (RRs) were calculated for any SPCs in patients with chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL), acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) and hairy cell leukaemia (HCL) and the risks of these leukaemias as SPCs. After CLL, RRs were significant for 20 SPCs, and high for skin squamous cell cancer (24·58 for in situ and 7·63 for invasive), Merkel cell carcinoma (14·36), Hodgkin lymphoma (7·16) and Kaposi sarcoma (6·76). Read More

Br J Clin Pharmacol 2019 05 27;85(5):924-934. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Australian Centre for Pharmacometrics, School of Pharmacy and Medical Sciences, Division of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Australia.

Aims: Lenalidomide is an immunomodulatory imide drug used broadly in the treatment of multiple myeloma and lymphoma. It continues to be evaluated in chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (CLL) at lower doses due to dose-related toxicities including tumour flare and tumour lysis syndrome. This study aimed to develop a population pharmacokinetic model for lenalidomide in multiple cancers, including CLL, to identify any disease-related differences in disposition. Read More

Blood Adv 2019 01;3(2):105-115

Department of Hematology, Hokkaido University Faculty of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Antithymocyte globulin (ATG) is widely used to reduce acute graft-versus-host disease (aGVHD) and chronic GVHD (cGVHD). To clarify the different impacts of ATG for conditioning across different donor types, we retrospectively analyzed patients with acute leukemia (n = 6617) who underwent hematopoietic stem cell transplantation between 2008 and 2015 with ATG (n = 279) or without ATG (n = 6338). Because thymoglobulin is the only ATG drug approved for GVHD prophylaxis in Japan since September 2008, we included thymoglobulin alone in the present analysis. Read More

Rinsho Ketsueki 2018;59(10):2273-2283

Department of Pediatrics, National Hospital Organization Nagoya Medical Center.

Hematological malignancies (HM) comprise the major proportion of the cancer incidence and mortality in the adolescent and young adult (AYA) age group. Even though age-related differences in tumor biology have been reported in HM, further biological studies are warranted for elucidating age-related differences in AYAs. Hemato-oncologists and pediatric oncologists frequently follow various treatment strategies for HM, as the treatment strategy that is more suitable for this age group remains unclear. Read More

Haematologica 2018 10 14;103(10):1662-1668. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Department of Hematology and Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation, Gehr Family Center for Leukemia Research, City of Hope, Duarte, CA, USA.

Therapy-related acute lymphoblastic leukemia remains poorly defined due to a lack of large data sets recognizing the defining characteristics of this entity. We reviewed all consecutive cases of adult acute lymphoblastic leukemia treated at our institution between 2000 and 2017 and identified therapy-related cases - defined as acute lymphoblastic leukemia preceded by prior exposure to cytotoxic chemotherapy and/or radiation. Of 1022 patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, 93 (9. Read More

Front Oncol 2018 8;8:147. Epub 2018 May 8.

Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States.

Macrophages (MPs) are heterogeneous, multifunctional, myeloid-derived leukocytes that are part of the innate immune system, playing wide-ranging critical roles in basic biological activities, including maintenance of tissue homeostasis involving clearance of microbial pathogens. Tumor-associated MPs (TAMs) are MPs with defined specific M2 phenotypes now known to play central roles in the pathophysiology of a wide spectrum of malignant neoplasms. Also, TAMs are often intrinsic cellular components of the essential tumor microenvironment (TME). Read More

Blood Adv 2018 05;2(9):1022-1031

Department of Hematology, Hospital Clinic, University of Barcelona, Institut d'investigacions Biomediques August Pi i Sunyer, and Institute of Research Josep Carreras, Barcelona, Spain.

Optimal donor selection is critical for successful allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Donor sex and parity are well-established risk factors for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD), with male donors typically associated with lower rates of GVHD. Well-matched unrelated donors (URDs) have also been associated with increased risks of GVHD as compared with matched sibling donors. Read More

Indian J Pathol Microbiol 2018 Jan-Mar;61(1):58-65

Department of Pathology, Tata Memorial Hospital; Department of Pathology, Hematopathology Laboratory, Tata Memorial Hospital, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: 2008 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of hematolymphoid neoplasms (HLN) has classified them based on morphology, results of various ancillary techniques, and clinical features. There are no studies looking at the applicability of WHO classification.

Aims: The aim of the study was to calculate proportions of all HLN subtypes seen during 1-year period based on 2008 WHO classification of HLN and study applicability and also shortcomings of practices in a tertiary care center in India. Read More

Hematology 2018 Sep 1;23(8):486-495. Epub 2018 Mar 1.

a Escuela Nacional de Ciencias Biologicas , Instituto Politecnico Nacional , Ciudad de México , Mexico.

Receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) activity may contribute to carcinogenesis. The c-Kit receptor, a member of the RTK family, is expressed in immature haematopoietic system cells. Acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) presents incompletely differentiated lymphoblasts, and consequently, c-Kit expression can be detected in these cells. Read More

Pharmacoeconomics 2018 08;36(8):903-915

School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S1 4DA, UK.

As part of its single technology appraisal process, the National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE) invited the company that manufactures ponatinib (Inclusig; Incyte Corporation) to submit evidence for the clinical and cost effectiveness for previously treated chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML) and Philadelphia-chromosome-positive acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (Ph+ ALL). This paper focusses on the three phases of CML: the chronic phase (CP), the accelerated phase (AP) and the blast crisis phase (BP). The School of Health and Related Research Technology Appraisal Group at the University of Sheffield was commissioned to act as the independent Evidence Review Group (ERG). Read More

Infect Dis (Lond) 2018 07 20;50(7):489-494. Epub 2017 Dec 20.

e Universidad Abierta Interamericana (UAI), CABA , Buenos Aires , Argentina.

Background: Voriconazole is a second-generation triazole. It has excellent bioavailability and broad antifungal spectrum; thus, it is an attractive option for patients at high risk of invasive fungal infections (IFIs). Comparing efficacy and safety of voriconazole with other antifungals in prophylaxis or treatment of IFIs would be useful to draw conclusions regarding prevention and therapeutics of these infections. Read More