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Indian J Endocrinol Metab 2018 Nov-Dec;22(6):766-769

Department of Endocrinology, AIIMS, New Delhi, India.

Introduction: Osteoporosis is a well-recognized complication of Cushing's syndrome (CS). Data on bone health in patients with CS from south Asian countries, which are vitamin D deficient, are scarce.

Aims: We assessed bone mineral density (BMD) in patients with CS in comparison to controls. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Feb 14:300060518825428. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

7 Department of Orthopaedics, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China.

Objective: To compare medium-term clinical and radiological outcomes of primary unilateral uncemented (UN) or cemented (CE) femoral component total hip arthroplasty (THA) in elderly patients with osteoporosis.

Methods: Consecutive patients with osteoporosis who underwent primary unilateral UN or CE THAs at our institution from 2006 to 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. All consecutive procedures were managed by high-volume surgeons, using UN or CE THA approaches. Read More

Arch Osteoporos 2019 Feb 12;14(1):19. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

CIUSSS Nord de l'Ile de Montréal, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, 5400 bl. Gouin ouest, Montreal, QC, H4J 1C5, Canada.

The study design of a multidisciplinary Fracture Liaison Service (2-year follow-up) aiming to optimize fragility fracture management in an outpatient setting is presented. Patient characteristics, investigation, and treatment initiation data at baseline were recorded. Results corroborate the care gap in osteoporosis management, reinforcing the need for secondary fracture prevention programs. Read More

Hip Int 2018 Nov;28(2_suppl):78-83

1 I.R.C.C.S. - Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli, Bologna, Italy.

Introduction:: Hip fractures represent an enormous challenge for our health care system. The aim of this randomised controlled trial was to assess both efficacy and safety of a novel device called Prevention Nail System (PNS) and developed for the surgical prevention of a contralateral femoral neck fracture (FNF) in elderly osteoporotic patients.

Methods:: Primary outcome was to evaluate, in patients suffering from osteoporotic FNF, the effectiveness of PNS in reducing the incidence of a contralateral hip fracture. Read More

J Endocr Soc 2019 Feb 4;3(2):411-426. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Georgetown University Medical Center, Washington, District of Columbia.

Context: Patients with diabetes mellitus are at increased risk for bone fragility fracture secondary to multiple mechanisms. Hyperglycemia can induce true dilutional hyponatremia. Hyponatremia is associated with gait instability, osteoporosis, and increased falls and bone fractures, and studies suggest that compromised bone quality with hyponatremia may be independent of plasma osmolality. Read More

Front Psychiatry 2018 28;9:781. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Mental Health Centre Glostrup, Copenhagen University Hospital, Glostrup, Denmark.

Low bone mineral density (BMD) may constitute an underestimated comorbidity in schizophrenia patients undergoing long-term antipsychotic treatment. Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) receptor agonists are antidiabetic drugs, which may also affect bone turnover. In planned secondary analyses of a 3 months, double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial ( = 45), we explored effects of the GLP-1 receptor agonist exenatide 2 mg once-weekly ( = 23), or placebo ( = 22) on bone turnover markers (BTMs) and BMD in chronic, obese, antipsychotic-treated patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorder. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Feb 6;8(2). Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Orthopaedics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo 108-0075, Japan.

While bracing is the standard conservative treatment for acute osteoporotic compression fracture, the efficacy of different brace treatments has not been extensively studied. We aimed to clarify and compare the preventive effect of the different brace treatments on the deformity of the vertebral body and other clinical results in this patient cohort. This multicenter nationwide prospective randomized study included female patients aged 65⁻85 years with acute one-level osteoporotic compression fractures. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 27:1-12. Epub 2019 Jan 27.

a Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Disciplines , "Sapienza" University of Rome , Rome , Italy.

Introduction: The term secondary osteoporosis (SO) identifies a reduction of bone mass related to a well-established disease or pharmacological agent. The identification of the underlying disease often represents a challenging situation in clinical practice. Areas covered: The prevalence of SO in the real world may vary, ranging from 17% to 80%; therefore, search for a form of SO represents a pillar when evaluating patients with osteoporosis. Read More

Methods Mol Biol 2019 ;1914:571-616

Dental Physical Sciences, Biophysics Section, Oral Growth and Development, Dental Institute, Barts and The London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.

This chapter describes methods for preparing samples of bone and bone cells for scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Backscattered electron (BSE) imaging is by far the most useful in the bone field, followed by secondary electrons (SE) and the energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) analytical modes. Samples may have 3D detail in a 3D surface, or be topography-free, polished or micromilled, resin-embedded block surfaces, or resin casts of space compartments surrounded by bone matrix. Read More

J Orthop Translat 2019 Jan 27;16:91-101. Epub 2018 Jul 27.

Center for Musculoskeletal Health, Department of Internal Medicine, University of California Davis Medical Center, Sacramento, CA, United States.

Objective: Glucocorticoids (GCs) are commonly prescribed as treatment for chronic inflammatory diseases. Prolonged use of GCs is a common cause of atraumatic osteonecrosis (ON) and secondary osteoporosis. Currently, there is no effective treatment for this disease; therefore, a reliable animal model would be useful to study both the pathology and novel treatment strategies for patients with the disease. Read More

Zhongguo Zhong Yao Za Zhi 2018 Dec;43(23):4599-4607

National Resource Center for Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Dao-di Herbs, Beijing 100700, China.

Lepidium meyenii（maca）was a herbaceous plant of the family Cruciferae. It is native to the andes region of South America where the local people had been growing and consuming maca for centuries. The unique chemical composition and physiological function of maca were widely concerned worldwide. Read More

Endocr J 2019 Feb 2. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Department of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.

Primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) has been known as a cause of secondary osteoporosis, which often requires medication. Herein, we give the first report of a case of a 38-year-old man with fatigue and paralysis in both upper limbs who had been treated with denosumab for secondary osteoporosis associated with PSC. Since bisphosphonate (alendronate) was ineffective in our patient, the treatment was changed from alendronate to denosumab. Read More

Jpn Dent Sci Rev 2019 Nov 17;55(1):1-4. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8549, Japan.

MRONJ/ARONJ is a serious adverse effect of medication, although the incidence of the disease is rare, and there are still controversial issues regarding the pathogenesis of MRONJ/ARONJ. Medications that can lead to MRONJ/ARONJ are commonly used to treat osteoporosis and to prevent bone fractures caused by bone metastasis of malignancies. The long-standing disease state of ONJ deteriorates the quality of life of affected patients. Read More

Ter Arkh 2018 Nov;90(10):89-93

A.S. Loginov Moscow Clinical Scientific Practical Center of the Moscow Healthcare Department, Moscow, Russia.

A clinical observation of a patient with celiac disease, aged 23, with severe form of osteoporosis, accompanied by atraumatic fractures bones, lameness, late onset of menstruation and pathology of pregnancy is described. It is emphasized that only a timely diagnosis celiac disease and timely prescribed treatment make it possible to avoid severe complications. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2019 Jan 30. Epub 2019 Jan 30.

Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Iowa Carver, Iowa City, IA, USA.

The Osteoporosis Self Efficacy Scale was determined to equivalently measure calcium and exercise beliefs in both sexes. Despite data illustrating men's and women's similar self-efficacy, gender differences in clinical predictors of self-efficacy imply that efforts to improve care must account for more than self-efficacy.

Introduction: To understand the extent to which the Osteoporosis Self Efficacy (OSE) Scale is reliable for both men and women. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Jan 29. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

Department of Emergency, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China.

Iron overload is a common stress in the development of cells. Growing evidence has indicated that iron overload is associated with osteoporosis. Therefore, enhancing the understanding of iron overload would benefit the development of novel approaches to the treatment of osteoporosis. Read More

Diabetes Care 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Department of Medicine, McGill University, Montréal, Québec, Canada.

Objective: We aimed to explore whether frailty was associated with fracture risk and whether frailty could modify the propensity of type 2 diabetes toward increased risk of fractures.

Research Design And Methods: Data were from a prospective cohort study. Our primary outcome was time to the first incident clinical fragility fracture; secondary outcomes included time to hip fracture and to clinical spine fracture. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Departments of Internal Medicine (Endocrinology) and Radiology (Nuclear Medicine), Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.

People with multiple sclerosis (MS) have a higher risk of low bone mineral density (BMD), osteoporosis, and osteoporotic fractures than healthy adults. The Fracture Risk Assessment tool (FRAX®) has been reported to underestimate fracture risk in people with MS when BMD is unknown. We tested FRAX performance for people with MS when BMD is known, and determined if MS is a risk factor for fracture independent of FRAX score. Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2019 Jan 28. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

Mineral and bone disorders including osteoporosis are common in dialysis patients and contribute to increased morbimortality. However, whether denosumab and alendronate are effective and safe treatments in hemodialysis patients is not known. Thus, we conducted a prospective, three-center study of 48 hemodialysis patients who were diagnosed as having osteoporosis and had not received anti-osteoporotic agents previously. Read More

World Neurosurg 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

School of Computing, Korea Advanced Institute of Science and Technology, Daejeon, Korea.

Objective: This study aimed to analyze the risk factors for secondary new vertebral compression fractures (SNVCFs) after percutaneous vertebroplasty (PVP) for osteoporotic vertebral compression fractures.

Methods: We evaluated the association of SNVCFs (adjacent vertebral compression fractures (AVCFs) and remote vertebral compression fractures (RVCFs)) with clinical, radiographic, and PVP procedure-related morphological parameters based on the data collected from 402 patients over a minimum follow-up of 4-years after PVP. Procedure-related morphological parameters were assessed using a three-dimensional voxel-based analysis. Read More

JBMR Plus 2019 Jan 5;3(1):2-13. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy The University of Hong Kong Pokfulam Hong Kong.

The small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) are post-transcription regulators that modulate diverse cellular process in bone cells. Because optimal miRNA targeting is essential for their function, single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within or proximal to the loci of miRNA (miR-SNPs) or mRNA (PolymiRTS) could potentially disrupt the miRNA-mRNA interaction, leading to changes in bone metabolism and osteoporosis. Recent human studies of skeletal traits using miRNA profiling, genomewide association studies, and functional studies started to decipher the complex miRNA regulatory network. Read More

BMJ 2019 Jan 23;364:k5432. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Department of Surgery, Division of Orthopaedic and Trauma Surgery, Oulu University Hospital, Kajaanintie 50, PO Box 21, FI 90029 OYS, Oulu, Finland.

Objective: To determine whether treatment of isolated stable Weber B type ankle fractures with a cast or a simple orthotic device for three weeks produces non-inferior outcomes compared with conventional immobilisation in a cast for six weeks.

Design: Randomised, pragmatic, non-inferiority, clinical trial with blinded outcome assessment.

Setting: Two major trauma centres in Finland, 22 December 2012 to 6 June 2016. Read More

BMJ Open 2019 Jan 21;9(1):e026360. Epub 2019 Jan 21.

Department of Orthopaedics, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Queensland, Australia.

Introduction: Ankle fractures are common in the elderly population. Surgical fixation is technically challenging and often results in complications due to high rates of osteoporosis and vascular disease. Open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) often requires prolonged periods of non-weight bearing increasing the risks of complications. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Jan 23:300060518823410. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

1 Department of Anesthesiology, Wuhan Fourth Hospital; Puai Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Qiaokou District, Wuhan, China.

Objectives: This study was performed to compare the long-term clinical and radiological outcomes of conversion total hip arthroplasty (CTHA) following prior failed InterTan nail (IT) fixation or dynamic hip screw (DHS) fixation in Asian patients with osteoporotic intertrochanteric hip fractures (IHFs) and to clarify which implant tends to be more favourable for CTHA.

Methods: Records of consecutive Asian patients with osteoporosis who underwent conversion of failed primary unilateral IT or DHS fixation to THA from 2010 to 2013 were extracted from the comprehensive database of the China Pacific Insurance Company Ltd. All consecutive procedures were managed by high-volume surgeons. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Jan 18;11(1). Epub 2019 Jan 18.

MRC Elsie Widdowson Laboratory, Cambridge CB1 9NL, UK.

Iron and vitamin D deficiencies are common during pregnancy. Our aim was to identify whether antenatal vitamin D₃ supplementation affects iron status (via hepcidin suppression) and/or inflammation. Using a subset of the UK multicenter Maternal Vitamin D Osteoporosis Study (MAVIDOS)-a double-blinded, randomized, placebo-controlled trial (ISRCTN82927713; EudraCT2007-001716-23)-we performed a secondary laboratory analysis. Read More

Am J Pathol 2019 Jan 18. Epub 2019 Jan 18.

Department of Comparative Biomedical Sciences, The Royal Veterinary College, London, United Kingdom.

Glucocorticoid-induced secondary osteoporosis is the most predictable side-effect of this anti-inflammatory. One of the main mechanisms by which glucocorticoids achieve such deleterious outcome in bone is by antagonizing Wnt/β-catenin signalling. Sclerostin, encoded by Sost gene, is the main negative regulator of the pro-formative and anti-resorptive role of the Wnt signaling pathway in the skeleton. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2019 Jan 16. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Audiology, All India Institute of Speech and Hearing, Manasagangothri, Mysore, Karnataka, 570006, India.

Alteration in the process of bone remodelling results in conditions like osteopenia and osteoporosis in which the bones become susceptible to fracture. The functioning of middle ear bones in such individuals were assessed in this study and it was found that the middle ear bones are equally susceptible to micro-fractures and can cause reduction in the transmission of sound energy.

Introduction: Alteration in the process of bone remodelling or increase in the number of osteoclasts cells as it occurs in osteoporosis and osteopenia are likely to affect the middle ear bones in the same way it affects the skeletal bones. Read More

Ortop Traumatol Rehabil 2018 Oct;20(5):347-359

Zakład Chorób Kości i Stawów, Instytut Fizjoterapii, Uniwersytet Jagielloński - Collegium Medicum, Kraków, Polska / Department of Bone and Joint Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow.

Bone mineral density (BMD) assessment is the basic method for assessing fracture risk and diagnosing osteoporosis according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Osteoporosis is diagnosed when the T-score at the proximal femur or spine is T≤-2.5; however, 70% of fractures occur in patients who do not fulfil this criterion. Read More

JAMA Netw Open 2018 Dec 7;1(8):e185701. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Clinical Medicine, Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

Importance: Fragility fracture is a major health issue because of the accompanying morbidity, mortality, and financial cost. Despite the high cost to society and personal cost to affected individuals, secondary fracture prevention is suboptimal in Norway, mainly because most patients with osteoporotic fractures do not receive treatment with antiosteoporotic drugs after fracture repair.

Objectives: To improve secondary fracture prevention by introducing a standardized intervention program and to investigate the effect of the program on the rate of subsequent fractures. Read More

J Biol Regul Homeost Agents 2018 Nov-Dec;32(6 Suppl. 1):71-76

Department of Oncologic and Degenerative Spine Surgery, IRCCS Istituto Ortopedico Rizzoli - Bologna, Italy.

The use of pedicle screws in low bone quality patients implicates risks of secondary implant loosening for grip lack. In fact, the result is a reduced mechanical stability at bone-screw interface and consequently an increased chance of pullout and hardware failure. Augmentation techniques have been described for many years and fenestrated screws that allow cement injection is one of them. Read More

Front Horm Res 2019 19;51:23-39. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Parathyroid hormone (PTH) disorders are characterized by a wide spectrum of clinical and biochemical presentations. The increasing use of serum PTH assay in the set of the diagnostic workout in patients with osteoporosis has identified patients with features of surgically confirmed primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) associated with persistent normal serum calcium levels, which has been recognized as a distinct entity from hypercalcemic PHPT (HPHPT) by the last international consensus. Normocalcemic PHPT (NPHPT) affects about 6-8% of PHPT patients. Read More

Bone Rep 2019 Jun 10;10:100187. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Nephrology Center, Department of Rheumatology, Toranomon Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

We report a 48-year-old Japanese man with a brown tumor of the right distal tibia. At the age of 25 years, hemodialysis was initiated due to nail-patella syndrome. Severe secondary hyperparathyroidism and osteoporosis progressed over time, so parathyroidectomy was performed at age 45. Read More

Ment Health Clin 2019 Jan 4;9(1):6-11. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Introduction: Recent meta-analyses have found a correlation between schizophrenia and increased fracture risk with one contributing factor potentially being antipsychotic-induced hyperprolactinemia, which may accelerate bone turnover. The objective of this study is to evaluate fracture rates in patients on long-term antipsychotic therapy to see if screening for osteoporosis should be included with routine monitoring.

Methods: Patients exposed to antipsychotics for ≥3 months during a 10-year study period were included in this retrospective analysis. Read More

J Int Med Res 2019 Jan 7:300060518819630. Epub 2019 Jan 7.

3 King Fahd Military Medical Complex, Dhahran, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: The objective of this study was to identify deficiencies in initiating anti-osteoporotic treatment following a fragility femoral fracture.

Methods: All patients ≥55 years of age treated for a fragility femoral fracture between June 2012 and May 2017 were enrolled. Medications at discharge and at 90 days and 1 year of follow up were analyzed. Read More

Bone 2019 Jan 4;121:60-67. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, United States; Division of Endocrinology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, Cincinnati, OH 45229, United States.

Introduction: Intravenous bisphosphonates (IV BP) have been used to treat children with osteoporosis for many years. Favorable side effect profile and improvements in bone mineral density (BMD) have been demonstrated in patients with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), a primary form of osteoporosis in pediatrics. Less is known about the safety of IV BP in children with secondary osteoporosis or glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIO). Read More

Clin Calcium 2019 ;29(1):78-84

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Showa University Northern Yokohama Hospital, Kanagawa, Japan.

Pregnancy-associated osteoporosis is a rare condition characterized by a transient but significant reduction in bone mineral density. To date, the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain unclear. Related symptoms include severe back or hip pain secondary to vertebral fractures and/or transient osteoporosis of the hip, which typically occur during the third trimester or during lactation. Read More

Clin Calcium 2019 ;29(1):39-45

Niigata City General Hospital, Niigata, Japan.

Post-pregnancy osteoporosis is a rare condition with little known pathophysiology. Most cases are diagnosed in the late stage of pregnancy or in the post partum while breastfeeding, particularly in first pregnancy. Non-traumatic vertebral fragility fractures are most commonly observed and characterized by prolonged severe pain and functional limitations. Read More

BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2018 Dec 22;19(1):451. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

Department of Osteology and Biomechanics, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Lottestraße 59, 22529, Hamburg, Germany.

Background: The aetiology and pathogenesis of primary bone marrow oedema syndrome (BMES) remain unclear. This retrospective cross-sectional study in a large cohort of patients with BMES was performed to characterise the overall skeletal status and turnover in patients with BMES, with the aim of identifying risk factors for this disease.

Methods: Patients who were diagnosed with BMES on the basis of clinical and radiological (magnetic resonance imaging) findings in our outpatient clinic were identified retrospectively. Read More

Mod Rheumatol 2018 Dec 20:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

b Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Department of Regenerative and Transplant Medicine , Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences , Niigata , Japan.

Objective: To investigate the characteristics of hip fractures in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: Between 2012 and 2015, 789 hip fractures were treated at our hospital. Patients with RA were checked and their characteristics were compared with data recorded 10 years before, and with the general population. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 13;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Luzerner Kantonsspital, Luzern, Switzerland.

Male osteoporosis often remains unrecognised. Osteoporotic fractures occur approximately 10 years later in men than in women due to higher peak bone mass. However, 30% of all hip fractures occur in men. Read More

Eur J Endocrinol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

H Falhammar, Depatment of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Karolinska Universitetssjukhuset, Stockholm, 171 76, Sweden.

Non-classic congenital adrenal hyperplasia (NCAH) is a relatively common disorder regardless of ethnicity, but most cases are never diagnosed, especially in males. A baseline 17-hydroxyprogesterone measurement may be used for screening, but 17-hydroxyprogesterone measurement after ACTH-stimulation is the gold standard. We advocate a CYP21A2 mutation analysis to verify the diagnosis, for genetic counselling and for better prognostic and treatment guidance. Read More

Front Pharmacol 2018 4;9:1435. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Applied Biology and Chemical Technology, The Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Kowloon, Hong Kong.

Oleanolic acid (OA) and ursolic acid (UA) are the major chemical constituents in (FLL), a kidney-tonifying Chinese herb that is previously shown to improve bone properties and enhance calcium balance in aged female rats. The present study was designed to study if OA and UA act as the active ingredients in FLL to exert the positive effects on bone and mineral metabolism in aged rats. Aged (13-month-old) Sprague-Dawley female rats were randomly assigned to four groups with oral administration of drug or vehicle treatment for 12 weeks: medium calcium diet (MCD, 0. Read More

Bioengineering (Basel) 2018 Dec 5;5(4). Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Taybank Medical Centre, 10 Robertson Street, Dundee, DD4 6EL, UK.

Osteoporosis is an asymptomatic bone condition that affects a large proportion of the elderly population around the world, resulting in increased bone fragility and increased risk of fracture. Previous studies had shown that the vibroacoustic response of bone can indicate the quality of the bone condition. Therefore, the aim of the authors' project is to develop a new method to exploit this phenomenon to improve detection of osteoporosis in individuals. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018 Dec;100(24):e153

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, People's Republic of China.

Background: Orthopaedic surgeons must play an important role in the secondary prevention of fragility fractures; however, some surgeons are more aware than others of their responsibility regarding fracture prevention. The purpose of the present study was to identify which factors can lead to a higher sensitivity for fracture prevention.

Methods: A cross-sectional survey was distributed to orthopaedic surgeons via online invitation or at academic conferences in China from July through October 2015. Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

The Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhongshan North Road 34, Quanzhou, 362000, Fujian, China.

Background: Fragility fracture significantly increases risk of future fracture. The fragility fracture cycle should be disrupted. The secondary fracture prevention is important for the patients with fragility hip fracture. Read More

J Bras Nefrol 2018 Oct-Dec;40(4):366-374. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Universidade de São Paulo, Faculdade de Medicina, Hospital das Clinicas, Laboratório de Fisiopatologia Renal São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Renal osteodystrophy (ROD), a group of metabolic bone diseases secondary to chronic kidney disease (CKD), still represents a great challenge to nephrologists. Its management is tailored by the type of bone lesion - of high or low turnover - that cannot be accurately predicted by serum biomarkers of bone remodeling available in daily clinical practice, mainly parathyroid hormone (PTH) and alkaline phosphatase (AP). In view of this limitation, bone biopsy followed by bone quantitative histomorphometry, the gold-standard method for the diagnosis of ROD, is still considered of paramount importance. Read More

Rev Gastroenterol Peru 2018 Jul-Sep;38(3):280-284

Facultad de Medicina Humana, Universidad Nacional San Luis Gonzaga. Ica, Perú; Sociedad Científica de Estudiantes de Medicina de Ica (SOCEMI). Ica, Perú.

Gaucher disease is an autosomal recessive lysosomal storage disorder characterized by deficiency of beta-glucosidase that would lead to the accumulation of glucosylceramide mainly in cells of the mononuclear phagocytic system causing systemic effectations. We present a patient of twenty years who is suffering from chronic pain in the left hypochondrium with episodes of bleeding for 3 years and sensation of thermal rise, physical examination revealed jaundice and massive splenomegaly, without neurological involvement. Severe osteoporosis, pancytopenia, and the presence of portal vein thrombosis with cavernomatous transformation complicated by portal biliopathy simulating a klatskin tumor, marrow and enzymatic studies were compatible with Gaucher disease, were shown as unexpected findings. Read More

J Acquir Immune Defic Syndr 2019 Mar;80(3):342-349

Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY.

Background: Prevalence of osteoporosis and fracture is increased among older people with HIV. We compared the effects of low (1000 IU) vs moderate (3000 IU) vitamin D3 (VitD) supplementation on areal bone mineral density (aBMD) and volumetric bone mineral density (vBMD) in African American and Hispanic postmenopausal women with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.

Methods: We performed a 12-month prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study with primary outcomes of change in aBMD by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and secondary outcomes of change in vBMD by quantitative computed tomography and bone turnover markers. Read More

Clin Exp Rheumatol 2018 Nov-Dec;36(6):948-958. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Rheumatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.

Osteoporosis is a generalised bone disease characterised by decreased bone mass and deterioration of bone microarchitecture predisposing to fragility fractures. Bone fractures are a remarkable social and economic health problem, and several studies have been carried out in order to reduce their occurrence. Inhibiting bone resorption and increasing bone formation are the mainstay of treatment, anti-catabolic and anabolic, respectively. Read More