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Planta Med 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore.

Leaves of the plant are traditionally consumed for bone health and other indications. The aim of this study was to establish the safety and pharmacokinetics of the metabolites of prenylflavonoids (icariin, icariside I, icariside II, icaritin, and desmethylicaritin) following single doses of a defined prenylflavonoid extract in humans. A single oral dose of 370, 740, or 1110 mg of a standardized prenylflavonoid extract was administered to 30 healthy male subjects in a randomized, placebo-controlled trial. Read More

Pharmacology 2018 Dec 6;103(1-2):101-109. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

It has been reported that taxifolin inhibit osteoclastogenesis in RAW264.7 cells. In our research, the inhibition effects of taxifolin on the osteoclastogenesis of human bone marrow-derived macrophages (BMMs) induced by receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL) as well as the protection effects in lipopolysaccharide-induced bone lysis mouse model have been demonstrated. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):182-187

Hospital Centro Médico de Occidente. Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social (IMSS). Guadalajara, Jalisco. México.

The term «vertebral destruction syndrome» comprises pathologies causing structural changes in the spine, mainly in the vertebral body, producing mechanical deformity and neurological involvement. The pathologies found in this definition may be infectious, metabolic or tumoral. Vertebral osteomyelitis is a disease that occurs mainly in adults > 50 years; we speak of spondylodiscitis when the condition affects the disc and vertebral body. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):163-166

Servicio de Cirugía Ortopédica y Traumatología, Hospital de Sabadell. Institut Universitari Parc Taulí Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, España.

We present the case of an 81-year-old woman who was followed up by the Rheumatology Service for osteoporosis and treated with bisphosphonates for more than five years. She reported a fracture of the distal third of the contralateral femur by a low energy mechanism, treated with retrograde intramedullary nailing the previous year. She presented a clinic of cruralgia and left gonalgia, without previous trauma. Read More

Acta Ortop Mex 2018 May-Jun;32(3):131-133

Clínica de Detección y Diagnóstico Automatizado, Instituto de Seguridad y Servicios Sociales de los Trabajadores del Estado (ISSSTE), Ciudad de México.

Background: Osteoporosis is a public health problem worldwide, affecting more than 200 million people. It is estimated that 30 to 50% of postmenopausal women suffer from it. According to the International Osteoporosis Foundation (IOF), osteoporosis is a disease characterized by a decrease in the density and quality of bones. Read More

PLoS One 2018 6;13(12):e0208251. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

School of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON, Canada.

Background: Numerous clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) are published to guide management of osteoporosis. Little is known about their quality or how recommendations have changed over time.

Objective: To systematically assess the quality and content of the guidelines on screening for osteoporosis, using the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) tool, and the Institute of Medicine (IOM) standards for trustworthy guidelines. Read More

Dent Med Probl 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Medical University of Warsaw, Poland.

Bisphosphonates are a group of medicines used in the treatment of oncological osteoporosis, Paget disease and osteogenesis imperfecta. They significantly interfere with the regeneration processes of bone tissue and have a tendency to accumulate in the areas of increased bone remodeling, i.e. Read More

Eur Radiol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Institute of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, University Hospital Zurich, Ramistrasse 100, 8091, Zurich, Switzerland.

Purpose: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of bone texture analysis (TA) combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms in standard CT scans to identify patients with vertebrae at risk for insufficiency fractures.

Materials And Methods: Standard CT scans of 58 patients with insufficiency fractures of the spine, performed between 2006 and 2013, were analyzed retrospectively. Every included patient had at least two CT scans. Read More

Osteoporos Int 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Rheumatology Department, INSERM 1153, CHU Paris Cochin, Paris Descartes University, 27 rue du Faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.

We performed a study to identify potential causes and risk factors of vertebral fracture cascade. Vertebral fracture cascade is a severe clinical event in patients with bone fragility. Only half of patients have an identified cause of secondary osteoporosis. Read More

Case Rep Nephrol 2018 4;2018:7384763. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Central and Northern Adelaide Renal and Transplantation Service, Royal Adelaide Hospital, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Background: Hypocalcaemia is increasingly recognized as a complication of denosumab use in Chronic Kidney Disease (CKD) patients with osteoporosis. Despite Therapeutic Goods Administration (TGA) notifications in 2013, we have subsequently encountered several cases of denosumab-induced hypocalcaemia, raising concern about lack of widespread awareness among prescribing practitioners.

Aims: We reviewed the morbidity and healthcare intervention needs of CKD patients with hypocalcaemia attributed to denosumab. Read More

J Osteoporos 2018 5;2018:1585749. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Traumatology and Orthopedics, Kursk State Medical University, No-3 Karl Marx Street, Kursk 305000, Russia.

The experiment was carried out on 120 female white Wistar rats, to study the endothelio- and osteoprotective action of the combination of rosuvastatin with L-norvaline in the model of experimental osteoporosis. It was found that, after ovariectomy in rats, endothelial dysfunction of the vessels of the microcirculatory bed of bone tissue develops, leading to the appearance of osteoporosis, but the combination of the studied drugs prevents the decrease in the level of microcirculation in the bone tissue, thereby preventing the thinning of bone trabeculae and preventing the occurrence of microfractures in them. Read More

Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2018 21;9:666. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Experimental Trauma Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Justus-Liebig University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany.

Bone histomorphometry allows quantitative evaluation of bone micro-architecture, bone formation, and bone remodeling by providing an insight to cellular changes. Histomorphometry plays an important role in monitoring changes in bone properties because of systemic skeletal diseases like osteoporosis and osteomalacia. Besides, quantitative evaluation plays an important role in fracture healing studies to explore the effect of biomaterial or drug treatment. Read More

Clin Cosmet Investig Dent 2018 9;10:251-262. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Department of Immunology and Allergology, Institute for Medical Diagnostics in MVZ GbR, Berlin 12247, Germany.

Background: The immune and bone systems are closely linked via cytokine cross-talk. This interdisciplinary field of research is referred to as osteoimmunology and pertains to inflammatory and osteoarticular diseases that feature the primary expression of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and IL-6.

Objective: Are there bone resorptive processes wherein chronic inflammatory conditions are not linked to TNF-α and IL-6 expression, but rather to the expression of other cytokines?

Materials And Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed in PubMed Central. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Dec 4;8(12):e024263. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York, USA.

Purpose: The Buffalo Osteoporosis and Periodontal Disease (OsteoPerio) study is a prospective cohort study focused on the relationship between the microbiome and oral and systemic health outcomes in postmenopausal women. The cohort was established to examine how the oral microbiome is affected by (and how it affects) periodontal disease presence, severity and progression and to characterise the relationship between the microbiome, lifestyle habits and systemic disease outcomes.

Participants: Participants (n=1342) were postmenopausal women who were participating in the Women's Health Initiative observational study at the Buffalo, New York clinical centre. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Dec 4;8(12):e023218. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Health Promotion and Human Behavior, School of Public Health in the Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Introduction: Cumulative network meta-analysis (NMA) is a method to provide a global comparison of multiple treatments with real-time update to evidence users. Several studies investigated the ranking of cumulative NMA and the recommendations of practice guidelines. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has evaluated the cumulative NMA ranking and prescription patterns. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 4;19(12). Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation Clinic, Medical University Lublin, Chodźki 4a, Lublin 20-093, Poland.

Abiotic stress, including metal excess, can modify plant metabolism. Here we investigated the influence of long-term strontium exposure (12 weeks, 0.5⁻4. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Dec 3;24:8758-8766. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Laser Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China (mainland).

Osteoporosis is a common skeletal disease characterized by bone loss and subsequent increased risk of fragility fractures. Recent advances in our mechanistic understanding of molecular communications among osteoblasts, osteoclasts, and osteocytes give insight into the important roles of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway in the process of bone remodeling. Due to the translation of the canonical Wnt/β-catenin pathway and the RANK/RANKL/OPG pathway in the regulation of osteoblasts and osteoclasts, new targets have been studied in recent years, such as sclerostin and receptor activator of NF-κB ligand (RANKL). Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Amgen Inc., Thousand Oaks, CA, USA.

Romosozumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that binds and inhibits sclerostin, has the dual effect of increasing bone formation and decreasing bone resorption. As previously reported in the pivotal FRActure study in postmenopausal woMen with ostEoporosis (FRAME), women with a T-score of ≤ -2.5 at the total hip or femoral neck received subcutaneous placebo or romosozumab once monthly for 12 months, followed by open-label subcutaneous denosumab every 6 months for an additional 12 months. Read More

PLoS One 2018 3;13(12):e0208102. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Woman, Child and General and Special Surgery, University of Campania "Luigi Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Chronic blood transfusions are responsible to cause iron overload, which leads to several complications to end organs and osteoporosis. Iron chelation is needed to remove iron excess and to contain bone-mass loss. Deferasirox is the most recent oral iron chelator that prevents transfusion related iron overload complications. Read More

Curr Opin Endocrinol Diabetes Obes 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Division of Endocrinology and Diabetes, Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester Medical Centre, Rochester, New York, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Glucocorticoid therapy is currently the most widely used treatment for Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD), having consistently shown to prolong ambulation by 2 years, reduce the frequency of scoliosis, and improve cardiorespiratory function. Among the most frequent side effects of glucocorticoids are fractures due to osteoporosis, linear growth retardation or arrest, and pubertal delay, the subjects of this review.

Recent Findings: The diagnosis of osteoporosis has shifted in recent years away from a bone mineral density-centric to a fracture-focused approach, with particular emphasis on early vertebral fracture identification (one of the key triggers for osteoporosis intervention). Read More

Curr Opin Pulm Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Centre for Heart Lung Innovation, St. Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Purpose Of Review: Inhaled corticosteroid (ICS) is commonly used in the management of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) for symptom relief and exacerbation prevention; however, there is a growing concern that ICS increases risk of osteoporosis and fractures in patients with COPD.

Recent Findings: Osteoporosis is a major comorbidity of COPD. There is evidence from large observational studies that use of ICS for prolonged period of time (e. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

The present study aimed to determine the roles of miRNA-543 in osteoporosis in rats induced by ovariectomy. The osteoporosis rat model was established by ovariectomy induction. MiRNA-543 expression in osteoblasts was measured by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Department of Orthopedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Osteoporosis (OS) is one of the most common healthy problems characterized by low bone mass. Osteoclast, the primary bone-resorbing cell, is responsible for destructive bone diseases including osteoporosis (OS). Cryptotanshinone (CTS), an active component extracted from the root of Salvia miltiorrhiza bunge, has been shown to prevent the destruction of cartilage and the thickening of subchondral bone in mice osteoarthritis models. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Background: Cleidocranial dysplasia (CCD) in humans is an autosomal-dominant skeletal dysplasia caused by heterozygous mutations of the runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) and significantly increases the risk of osteoporosis. Increasing evidence demonstrates that the dysfunction of bone marrow stromal cells from CCD patients (BMSCs-CCD) contributes to the bone deficiency, but the characteristics of BMSCs-CCD and the mechanisms that underlie their properties remain undefined.

Methods: The clinical manifestations of three CCD patients were collected and the mutations of RUNX2 were analyzed. Read More

Endocrine 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Internal Medicine and Endocrinology, Medical University of Warsaw, Banacha 1a, 02-097, Warsaw, Poland.

Purpose: To evaluate the influence of intravenous methylprednisolone (IVMP) pulse administration on bone mineral density (BMD) of the lumbar spine and the femoral neck in patients with moderate-to-severe Graves' orbitopathy (GO).

Methods: Thirty-five patients with GO in euthyreosis were treated with 12 IVMP pulses (6 × 0.5 g, 6 × 0. Read More

Clin Rheumatol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Laboratory of Immunology, Research Unit UR 807, Faculty of Medicine of Sousse, Ibn Al Jazzar street, 4000, Sousse, Tunisia.

Objectives: This study was aimed to investigate the association of the single nucleotide polymorphism of tumor necrosis factor receptor associated factor 6 (TRAF6), rs540386, with low bone mineral density (BMD) among patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA).

Methods: TRAF6 rs540386 genotyping was performed by mutagenically separated PCR in a cohort of 188 (23 men, 165 women, median age, 56.2 years) adult RA patients and 224 age and gender-matched controls. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Internal Medicine, Division of Endocrinology & Diabetology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerpl. 15, 8036, Graz, Austria.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical applicability of a software tool developed to extract bone textural information from conventional lumbar spine radiographs, and to test it in a subset of postmenopausal women treated for osteoporosis with the fully human monoclonal antibody denosumab.

Methods: The software was developed based on the principles of a fractal model using pixel grey-level variations together with a specific machine-learning algorithm. The obtained dimensionless parameter, termed bone structure value (BSV), was then tested and compared to bone mineral density (BMD) in a sub-cohort of postmenopausal women with osteoporosis who were treated with the monoclonal antibody denosumab, within the framework of a large randomized controlled trial and its open-label extension phase. Read More

Breast Cancer Res Treat 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Interdisciplinary Health Studies, College of Allied Health Sciences, Augusta University, Augusta, GA, USA.

Purpose: Almost half of breast cancer survivors are aged ≥ 65 years and the proportion is likely to increase due to the aging of the population. The objectives of this article were to review studies of health outcomes among older breast cancer survivors ≥ 65 years to identify gaps in the published literature and offer suggestions for future research.

Methods: The present review is based upon bibliographic searches in PubMed and CINAHL and relevant search terms. Read More

J Biomed (Syd) 2018 ;3:40-49

Research and Development Service (151), VA Caribbean Healthcare System, San Juan PR, USA.

Aging is the result of different functional changes leading to a substantial reduction of all human capabilities. A variety of anatomical and physiological changes occur with advancing age. These changes are more evident in the elderly population. Read More

Hematology Am Soc Hematol Educ Program 2018 Nov;2018(1):432-438

Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Insubria, Varese, Italy.

The majority of patients with venous thromboembolism (VTE) have a considerable long-term risk of recurrence and may require extended duration of anticoagulant treatment after the initial 3 to 6 months. The decision to extend treatment is based not only on the individual risk of recurrence, but should also consider the potential complications associated with anticoagulation, taking into account that anticoagulant drugs are among the drugs most frequently associated with hospital admission due to adverse drug reactions. The most feared complication of oral anticoagulants is bleeding, which in some cases may be fatal or may affect critical organs. Read More

Bone 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Spinal Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China; Lingnan Medical Research Center, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou 510405, China. Electronic address:

High-throughput sequencing (HTS) was recently applied to detect microRNA (miRNA) regulation in age-related osteoporosis. However, miRNA regulation has not been reported in glucocorticoid-induced osteoporosis (GIOP) patients and the mechanism of GIOP remains elusive. To comprehensively analyze the role of miRNA regulation in GIOP based on human vertebrae and to explore the molecular mechanism, a high-throughput sequencing strategy was employed to identify miRNAs involved in GIOP. Read More

Braz J Phys Ther 2018 Nov 22. Epub 2018 Nov 22.

Department of Nutrition, Exercise and Sports, Section of Integrative Physiology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.

Background: Osteoporosis and related fragility fractures are a global public health problem in which pharmaceutical agents targeting bone mineral density (BMD) are the first line of treatment. However, pharmaceuticals have no effect on improving other key fracture risk factors, including low muscle strength, power and functional capacity, all of which are associated with an increased risk for falls and fracture, independent of BMD. Targeted exercise training is the only strategy that can simultaneously improve multiple skeletal and fall-related risk factors, but it must be appropriately prescribed and tailored to the desired outcome(s) and the specified target group. Read More

Lancet Diabetes Endocrinol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Center for Advanced Orthopedic Studies, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Although areal bone mineral density (aBMD) assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DXA) is the clinical standard for determining fracture risk, most older adults who sustain a fracture have T scores greater than -2·5 and thus do not meet the clinical criteria for osteoporosis. Importantly, bone fragility is due to low BMD and deterioration in bone structure. We assessed whether indices of high-resolution peripheral quantitative CT (HR-pQCT) were associated with fracture risk independently of femoral neck aBMD and the Fracture Risk Assessment Tool (FRAX) score. Read More

J Clin Densitom 2018 Nov 13. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Cetir Grup Mèdic, Barcelona, Spain.

Methods using statistical shape and appearance models have been proposed to analyze bone mineral density (BMD) in 3D from dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. This paper presents a retrospective case-control study assessing the association of DXA-derived 3D measurements with osteoporotic hip fracture in postmenopausal women. Patients who experienced a hip fracture between 1 and 6 years from baseline and age-matched controls were included in this study. Read More

Maturitas 2019 Jan 11;119:39-45. Epub 2018 Nov 11.

Department of Public Health, Kindai University Faculty of Medicine, 377-2 Oonohigashi, Osaka-Sayama, Osaka, 589-8511, Japan. Electronic address:

Objective: Only a few longitudinal studies have assessed the relationship between bone mineral density (BMD) and arteriosclerosis. This study aimed to determine whether low BMD at baseline is associated with the development of increased arterial stiffness, as evaluated by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), in Japanese women.

Methods: A baPWV value of ≥1800 cm/s was adopted as the criterion for increased arterial stiffness, i. Read More

Dis Mon 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Department of Conservative Dental Sciences, Division of Endodontics, College of Dentistry, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, P.O. Box:153, AlKharj 11942 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

To evaluate the association between systemic osteoporosis and periodontal diseases in postmenopausal women. A total of 300 women aged (50-70 years) were divided into an osteoporotic (OP) group (n = 150) and non-osteoporotic (NOP) group (n = 150) depending on BMD measured using (DXA) at the femoral neck and lumbar spine. Periodontal examination including PI, GI, PPD, and CAL was measured. Read More

Thyroid 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

School of Medicine, Cardiff University, IMEM , CEDS , C2 Link corridor , UHW , Cardiff, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland , CF14 4XN.

Background: Recent reports suggest that prescriptions for thyroid hormones have increased. We therefore analysed recent trends in and determinants of prevalence of treated hypothyroidism across the United Kingdom (UK).

Methods: UK-wide data held by the National Health Service and the Office of National Statistics were examined. Read More

Molecules 2018 Nov 29;23(12). Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Oral Biochemistry, Dental Science Research Institute, School of Dentistry, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 61186, Korea.

Osteoclasts are large multinucleated cells which are induced by the regulation of the receptor activator of nuclear factor kappa-Β ligand (RANKL), which is important in bone resorption. Excessive osteoclast differentiation can cause pathologic bone loss and destruction. Numerous studies have targeted molecules inhibiting RANKL signaling or bone resorption activity. Read More

Drug Res (Stuttg) 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Pharmacology, Integral University, Lucknow, Inidia.

Genistein is the natural isoflavone and a phytoestrogen with a broad range of pharmacological properties, such as tyrosine and topoisomerase inhibition. It also induces apoptosis and cell proliferation inhibition, differentiates cancer cells. Added health benefits include the reduction of osteoporosis by suppressing osteoclasts and lymphocyte functions, decreased the risk of cardiovascular attacks and relieved postmenopausal problems. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2018 Dec;100(23):2073-2081

Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin School of Medicine and Public Health, Madison, Wisconsin.

Georgian Med News 2018 Oct(283):81-84

Kharkov National Medical University, Ukraine.

Objective the purpose of the study the relationship between the gene polymorphism of vitamin D receptors (VDR) and biochemical markers of bone metabolism in the risk of osteoporosis in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP) and hypertensive disease (HD). 110 patients with CP were examined, in which it proceeded against the background of HD in 70 cases, and in 40 cases it was isolated. The polymorphism of the VDR gene, the content of osteocalcin, total acid phosphatase (TAP), and tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) were studied to determine the possible effect of these parameters on the course of the disease and the formation of complications. Read More

Georgian Med News 2018 Oct(283):43-47

Azerbaijan Medical University, Department of Internal Diseases III, Baku, Azerbaijan.

The purpose of this study was to identify complex relationships between the mineral, organic component of bone and the risk of fractures under the influence of metabolic changes associated with type 2 diabetes. A cross-sectional study of patients diagnosed with T2DM (n=96) was conducted; control group, consisted of 82 individuals. All patients were studied calcitropic homons, serum bone remodeling markers and bone mineral density with (DXA). Read More

J Bone Miner Res 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.

We aimed to examine trends in the incidence of treated infections following hip fracture surgery in Denmark from 2005 to 2016. We conducted a nationwide cohort study using individual-level linked data from Danish population-based registries. We calculated cumulative incidence considering death as competing risk and, based on the pseudo-observation method, risk ratios (RRs) with 95% confidence interval (CI) using the period 2005-2006 as a reference. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Lingnan Medical Research Center of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China.

Osteoporosis is a form of osteolytic disease caused by an imbalance in bone homeostasis, with reductions in osteoblast bone formation, and augmented osteoclast formation and resorption resulting in reduced bone mass. Cajaninstilbene acid (CSA) is a natural compound derived from pigeon pea leaves. CSA possesses beneficial properties as an anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antihepatitis, and anticancer agent; however, its potential to modulate bone homeostasis and osteoporosis has not been studied. Read More

Endocrine 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Medicine, Clinica Medica 1, University of Padova and Regional Center for Osteoporosis, Padova, Italy.

Purpose: To evaluate the impact of pharmacological treatment in osteoporosis patients with recent fracture and to assess the incidence of subsequent fracture and all-cause mortality.

Methods: This observational retrospective study was based on data from administrative databases of five Italian Local Health Units. Osteoporosis patients aged ≥ 50 years with hospitalization for vertebral or hip fracture occurring between 01/01/2011 and 31/12/2015 were included. Read More

Arch Osteoporos 2018 Dec 4;13(1):135. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, School of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey.

Peak bone mass is reached in late adolescence. Low peak bone mass is a well recognized risk factor for osteoporosis later in life. Our data do not support a link between vitamin D status, bone mineral density (BMD), and socioeconomic status (SES). Read More

Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku Medical and Pharmaceutical University, 4-4-1 Komatsushima, Aoba-ku, Sendai, 981-8558, Japan.

Etidronate is widely used as a therapeutic agent for osteoporosis. We have recently shown that intrathecal administration of etidronate into mice produces an analgesic effect against the capsaicin-induced nociceptive behavior. However, the effect of etidronate on neuropathic pain at the spinal level remains unknown. Read More

Cell Mol Life Sci 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, 88 Olympic-ro 43-gil, Songpa-gu, Seoul, 05505, South Korea.

Coupling during bone remodeling refers to the spatial and temporal coordination of bone resorption with bone formation. Studies have assessed the subtle interactions between osteoclasts and osteoblasts to preserve bone balance. Traditionally, coupling research related to osteoclast function has focused on bone resorption activity causing the release of growth factors embedded in the bone matrix. Read More

Med Arch 2018 Oct;72(4):262-266

Neurology Clinic, Clinical Center of Sarajevo University, Sarajevo, Bosnia and Herzegovina.

Introduction: Recent research reported that prolonged use of AET is associated with changes in bone metabolism, with consequent reduction in bone mineral density (BMD) and increased risk of fractures.

Objectives: Therefore, the aim of our study was to investigate the effects of carbamazepine on serum levels of 25 -hydroxyvitamin D and on biomarker of bone formation and resorption (serum levels of osteocalcin).

Material And Methods: We measured serum levels of 25-OHD and osteocalcin (OCLN) in normal controls (n=30) and in epilepsy patients taking carbamazepine (CBZ) (n=50) in monotherapy for a period of at least twelve months. Read More