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Euro Surveill 2021 Jun;26(23)

Center for Infectious Disease Research, Diagnostics and Laboratory Surveillance National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM), Bilthoven, the Netherlands.

We describe four secondary fungal infections caused by Mucorales species in COVID-19 patients. Three COVID-19 associated mucormycosis (CAM) occurred in ICU, one outside ICU. All were men aged > 50 years, three died. Read More

Eur J Cancer 2021 Jun 4;152:129-138. Epub 2021 Jun 4.

Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, Australia; The Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia; Department of Haematology, Royal Melbourne Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Background: This Phase 2 multicentre trial in localised non-gastric marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) evaluated the effectiveness and safety of radiotherapy and documented markers of autoimmunity and Helicobacter pylori infection.

Patients And Methods: Eligible patients had Stages I and II or paired-organ, non-gastric MZL. Bone marrow evaluation, autoantibody panel, and H. Read More

Ned Tijdschr Tandheelkd 2021 Jun;128(6):311-316

A 50-year-old woman presented at the outpatient clinic of the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery with a severe swelling around the left eye 1 week after removal of the second molar in the upper jaw. Despite administration of antibiotics 2 days after the removal of the molar because of periorbital swelling, the inflammation spread to the intraorbital space with eventual loss of the left eye. Timely recognition of the symptoms of (the onset of) an orbital infection after dental treatment and immediate referral to an oral and maxillofacial surgeon and/or ophthalmologist for adequate treatment can be vision-saving. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2021 Jun 4;27(9). Epub 2021 Jun 4.

During September-December 2020, we conducted a multicenter retrospective study across India to compare epidemiology and outcomes among cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis (CAM). Among 287 mucormycosis patients, 187 (65.2%) had CAM; CAM prevalence was 0. Read More

NASN Sch Nurse 2021 Jun 1:1942602X211019109. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine and Pediatrics, Penn State College of Medicine, Attending Pediatric Emergency Medicine physician, Penn State Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA.

School nurses may deal with various common infectious eye, ear, nose, and throat-related chief complaints in regular practice. Recognizing the signs and symptoms of severe infection is paramount to preventing life-threatening complications that can have both acute and long-term implications. Distinguishing urgent and emergent eye, ear, nose, and throat conditions to send to the emergency department is integral to reducing the morbidity associated with these conditions. Read More

Indian J Med Microbiol 2021 May 26. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Medicine, SP Medical College, Bikaner, Rajasthan, India.

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), may present with a myriad of clinical manifestations and complications. Patients with COVID-19 are at increased risk of pulmonary thromboembolism, acute cardiac injury, arrhythmias, acute stroke, and secondary infections. Mucormycosis is a catastrophic fungal infection characterized by vascular invasion, thrombosis, and necrosis of tissues. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 26;14(5). Epub 2021 May 26.

ENT & Head and neck surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Sinogenic intracranial and orbital complications are infrequent complications of chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyposis (CRSwNP), leading to potentially fatal intracranial and orbital sequelae. The mortality and morbidity associated with these complications remain high despite the widespread use of antibiotics. We report a patient with CRSwNP presenting with acute onset extradural empyema and sixth nerve palsy in whom the diagnosis was delayed, necessitating early surgical intervention. Read More

Hosp Pediatr 2021 Jun;11(6):613-621

Pediatric Outcomes Research Team, Divisions of Pediatric Medicine and

Objectives: Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are common but serious infections in children. Management of these infections varies because of an absence of clinical guidelines, but it is unclear if management within institutions has changed over time. We compared the management and outcomes of children hospitalized with periorbital and orbital cellulitis in 2 eras. Read More

Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021 3;9:638494. Epub 2021 May 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Different types of biomaterials have been used to repair the defect of bony orbit. However, exposure and infections are still critical risks in clinical application. Biomaterials with characteristics of osteogenesis and antibiosis are needed for bone regeneration. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2021 Jun;69(6):1627-1630

Department of Neuroimaging and Interventional Radiology, Apollo Speciality Hospitals, Jayanagar, Bangalore, Karnataka, India.

Orbital infarction syndrome is an uncommon pathology with devastating consequences. It is frequently secondary to atherothrombotic phenomena in the internal carotid artery. We report a case of a 66-year-old male with uncontrolled diabetes and use of systemic steroids for COVID-19, who presented with a sudden loss of vision in the left eye, with total ophthalmoplegia and diffuse opacification of the retina. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2021 Jun;69(6):1563-1568

Department of Oculoplastics and Ocular Oncology, M and J Western Regional Institute of Ophthalmology, B. J. Medical College, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, India.

Purpose: Rhino-orbital mucormycosis in times of ongoing COVID-19 pandemic.

Aims: The aim of the study was to document cases of rhino-orbital mucormycosis seen at our Regional Institute of Ophthalmology during COVID-19 (coronavirus disease 2019) times.

Methods: The study is a retrospective, institutional cohort, interventional study. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2021 06;69(6):1361-1365

Editor, Indian Journal of Ophthalmology, Centre for Sight, Road No 2, Banjara Hills, Hyderabad - 500 034, Telangana, India.

Int J Surg Case Rep 2021 May 4;82:105957. Epub 2021 May 4.

Department Of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, D. Y. Patil University, Sector 7 Nerul, Navi Mumbai 400706, India.

Introduction: We report a case of post COVID-19 Sino-orbital Mucormycosis infection caused by Rhizopus oryzae and its management.

Presentation Of Case: The patient was diagnosed with COVID-19 and treated according to the persisting protocols. Following recovery, on the 18th day, the patient developed chemosis and pain in the left eye. Read More

J Fungi (Basel) 2021 Apr 15;7(4). Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Infection Control and Employee Health, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA.

Mucormycosis (MCR) has been increasingly described in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but the epidemiological factors, presentation, diagnostic certainty, and outcome of such patients are not well described. We review the published COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAMCR) cases (total 41) to identify risk factors, clinical features, and outcomes. CAMCR was typically seen in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) (94%) especially the ones with poorly controlled DM (67%) and severe or critical COVID-19 (95%). Read More

Parasitol Int 2021 Aug 27;83:102366. Epub 2021 Apr 27.

Department of Computer Science, School of Computing, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-J3-23, Nagatsuta-cho, Midori-ku, Yokohama, 226-8501, Japan. Electronic address:

Neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) are parasitic and bacterial infections that are widespread, especially in the tropics, and cause health problems for about one billion people over 149 countries worldwide. However, in terms of therapeutic agents, for example, nifurtimox and benznidazole were developed in the 1960s to treat Chagas disease, but new drugs are desirable because of their side effects. Drug discovery takes 12 to 14 years and costs $2. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2021 04 28;4:CD013535. Epub 2021 Apr 28.

Pediatric Outcomes Research Team, Division of Pediatric Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada.

Background: Periorbital and orbital cellulitis are infections of the tissue anterior and posterior to the orbital septum, respectively, and can be difficult to differentiate clinically. Periorbital cellulitis can also progress to become orbital cellulitis. Orbital cellulitis has a relatively high incidence in children and adults, and potentially serious consequences including vision loss, meningitis, and death. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Apr 27;14(4). Epub 2021 Apr 27.

General Medicine, Nitte University K S Hegde Medical Academy, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

A middle-aged woman with diabetes presented with left-sided facial pain, complete ptosis and fever of short duration. On presentation, she had hyperglycaemia without ketosis. There was total ophthalmoplegia of the left eye with a visual acuity of 6/36. Read More

PLoS Negl Trop Dis 2021 04 26;15(4):e0008879. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

COVID-19 testing center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de la Réunion, Saint Pierre, Reunion, France.

Background: As coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) is spreading globally, several countries are handling dengue epidemics. As both infections are deemed to share similarities at presentation, it would be useful to distinguish COVID-19 from dengue in the context of co-epidemics. Hence, we performed a retrospective cohort study to identify predictors of both infections. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2021 Apr;24(4):546-550

Department of Ophthalmology, Ahmadu Bello University Teaching Hospital, Zaria, Nigeria.

Background: Orbital cellulitis, also called postseptal cellulitis, is an infection of contents of the orbit (periorbital fat, neurovascular bundle, and the extraocular muscles). It should be differentiated from preseptal (periorbital) cellulitis which is a lesion of the anterior portion of the eyelid. However, both preseptal and postseptal cellulitis could present in a similar way with eye pain, edema, and erythema. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Mar 31:11206721211006576. Epub 2021 Mar 31.

Department of Ophthalmology, Scientific Institute San Raffaele, University Vita-Salute San Raffaele, Milan, Italy.

Introduction: Alemtuzumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody used as a treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS) and chronic lymphocytic leukemia. It decreases T cell count leading to significant immunosuppression, with increased risk of systemic and ocular infections. Herein, we report a unique case of bilateral acute retinal necrosis (ARN) caused by varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in a patient affected by MS under treatment with alemtuzumab. Read More

Diving Hyperb Med 2021 Mar;51(1):86-93

Neurosurgery Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário São João, Oporto, Portugal.

Introduction: Resistant bacterial infections following brain and spine surgery and spontaneous mucormycosis with central nervous system (CNS) involvement represent a serious treatment challenge and more efficient therapeutic approaches ought to be considered. Hyperbaric oxygen treatment (HBOT) has shown promise as a complementary therapy. This case series evaluated whether HBOT contributed to infection resolution in seven patients with refractory CNS infectious conditions. Read More

Bratisl Lek Listy 2021 ;122(4):263-269

Background: Seven dioxaborole compounds are investigated in this study. Structural and spectral characterizations are done at the M062X/6-31+G(d,p) level in water. Active sites of these compounds are determined by contour plots of frontier molecular orbital and molecular electrostatic potential (MEP) maps. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2021 04;69(4):1002-1004

Department of Ophthalmology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post Graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry, India.

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2021 Mar 6:1-8. Epub 2021 Mar 6.

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Bhagwan Mahaveer Jain Hospital, Bangalore, India.

Objectives: Collate and analyse data of maxillofacial/rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections reported during the era of the Covid-19 pandemic, with the aim of investigating the common contributing factors leading to such infections and of highlighting the significance of this surge seen in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2.

Method: This retrospective observational multi-centric study analysed patient data collected from clinicians belonging to different specialties in Bangalore, India. The data included the presentation and management of patients presenting with aggressive maxillofacial and rhino-cerebro-orbital fungal infections and explored the relationship between SARS-CoV-2, corticosteroid administration and uncontrolled diabetes mellitus. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2021 May 3;16(5):1138-1143. Epub 2021 Mar 3.

Department of Radiology, Royal Free Hospital, Royal Free London NHS Foundation Trust, Pond St, Hampstead, London, NW3 2QG.

Superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis is a very rare condition, known to have a profound negative impact on vision and eye movement function and is usually associated with orbital infections, inflammation, tumors, or carotid cavernous fistulae. There is an increased risk of arterial and venous thrombosis associated with COVID-19, the presence of which is related to a significantly increased risk of mortality. We report an index case of superior ophthalmic vein thrombosis in a 61-year-old male patient who was diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonitis and a concomitant saddle pulmonary embolus. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Mar 9;14(3). Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences Bhopal, Bhopal, Madhya Pradesh, India

A 58-year-old Indian man presented with pain and redness of the left eye (OS) for one day. Patient had undergone silicone oil removal in OS for emulsified oil following vitrectomy and oil tamponade six months ago when he was diagnosed with retinal detachment in both eyes due to HIV retinopathy. Retinal detachment in the right eye (OD) was inoperable and had turned prephthisical at presentation, while his vision in OS was finger counting. Read More

Curr Protoc 2021 Mar;1(3):e52

Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Medicine, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

Staphylococcus aureus is a Gram-positive bacterium that colonizes almost every organ in humans and mice and is a leading cause of diseases worldwide. S. aureus infections can be challenging to treat due to widespread antibiotic resistance and their ability to cause tissue damage. Read More

Molecules 2021 Feb 26;26(5). Epub 2021 Feb 26.

Department of Virology 3, National Institute of Infectious Diseases (NIID), Musashimurayama 208-0011, Japan.

Infection of hosts by morbilliviruses is facilitated by the interaction between viral hemagglutinin (H-protein) and the signaling lymphocytic activation molecule (SLAM). Recently, the functional importance of the -terminal region of human SLAM as a measles virus receptor was demonstrated. However, the functional roles of this region in the infection process by other morbilliviruses and host range determination remain unknown, partly because this region is highly flexible, which has hampered accurate structure determination of this region by X-ray crystallography. Read More

Cancer Biol Med 2021 02;18(1):298-307

Department of Ophthalmology; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China.

Objective: Patients with underlying diseases are more vulnerable to coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). The purpose of this study was to investigate cancer incidence in patients with COVID-19 and to determine whether cancer was associated with mortality among patients with COVID-19.

Methods: Electronic searches of PubMed, Embase, Cochrane, Web of Science, and medRxiv were conducted to collect studies that provided data regarding the incidence and mortality of cancer patients with COVID-19. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2021 Feb 21;22:e929671. Epub 2021 Feb 21.

Research Assistant, Department of Ophthalmology, Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.

BACKGROUND In this observational case report, we describe a case of orbital cellulitis caused by blunt trauma from an orbital compressed air and diesel explosion injury. CASE REPORT A 44-year-old man presented to our emergency department with a marked clinical worsening of right upper eyelid swelling, accompanied by pain, fever, and redness. Four days prior, the patient's right eye was struck by a pressurized diesel engine explosion. Read More