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Pathol Res Pract 2022 Jun 17;236:153981. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Pathology, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Coimbatore, India. Electronic address:

Introduction: Due to Corona Virus disease -19, India saw a surge of mucormycosis cases, associated with high death rate. India, during the month of May to July 2021 saw a surge of mucormycosis from all states, with close to 50,000 cases just in a span of 3 months.

Objective: To examine the histopathological appearances of rhino-orbital/rhino-maxillary/sino-nasal mucormycosis in the backdrop of the ongoing COVID 19 pandemic. Read More

J Mol Struct 2022 Oct 8;1266:133483. Epub 2022 Jun 8.

Laboratory of Biocrystallography and Computational Molecular Biology, Department of Physics, Periyar University, Salem, India.

A novel drug to treat SARS-CoV-2 infections and hydroxyl chloroquine analogue, E)-2,6-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-3-methyl-4-(2-(2,4,6-trichlorophenyl)hydrazono)piperidine compound has been synthesized in one pot reaction. The novel compound has been characterized by FT-IR, H-NMR, C-NMR and single-crystal X-ray diffraction patterns. Crystal packing is stabilized by C8-H8A•••Cl10, C41-H41•••Cl1 and N1-H1A•••Cl6 intermolecular hydrogen bonds. Read More

Case Reports Hepatol 2022 28;2022:5413315. Epub 2022 May 28.

Department of Gastroenterology, Asian Institute of Gastroenterology, Hyderabad, India.

The COVID-19 pandemic has impacted transplantation worldwide in a major way with infections and post-COVID-19 complications contributing to increased mortality and morbidity. We present a case of a 42-year-old lady who developed rhino-orbital mucormycosis in a postliver transplantation period. The initial presentation of the patient was very subtle. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2022 Dec;17(12):2582-2588

Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine; Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Shanghai, China.

Astrocyte polarization is a new concept which is similar to microglia polarization and in which astrocytes are classified as A1 (neurotoxic) and A2 (neuroprotective). Several studies on astrocyte polarization have focused mainly on neurodegenerative diseases, trauma, and infections. However, the role of astrocyte polarization in glaucoma, a neurodegenerative disease, has not been fully explored. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 Jun;70(6):2163-2168

Department of Ophthalmology, Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Purpose: An unprecedented surge has been noted in rhino-orbital-Cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) in times of current COVID-19 pandemic. The present prospective study aims to evaluate clinico-epidemiological profile, risk factors, management, and outcome of the cases of ROCM that presented to our tertiary care center during the study period from April to June 2021.

Methods: All patients were subjected to complete history taking, ophthalmological examination, and imaging studies. Read More

Microbes Infect 2022 May 24:105015. Epub 2022 May 24.

Microbiology Department, Hospital Nuestra Señora de Valme, Sevilla, Spain, Ctra. De Caduz Km 548,9. 41014, Seville.

Aim: To report two atypical inclusion conjunctivitis cases due to Chlamydia trachomatis in young adults.

Method: Transcription mediated amplification for C. trachomatis was performed using Aptima Combo 2 Assay (Hologic, Spain). Read More

Int Med Case Rep J 2022 19;15:251-257. Epub 2022 May 19.

Ophthalmologist, Department of Ophthalmology, MOH Eka Kotebe General Hospital, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.

Background: There has been a rise in secondary invasive fungal infections reported in COVID-19 patients globally. We report the first published case of COVID-19 associated rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis in Africa in a newly diagnosed diabetic female who presented with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and discuss the prevalence and risk factors of fungal co-infection with the clinical presentation, diagnosis, and management of mucormycosis in COVID-19.

Case Presentation: A 39 years old female patient was admitted to ICU with a diagnosis of severe COVID-19 and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus (DM) with DKA based on HgbA1c of 13. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2022 Apr;72(4):790-792

National Institute of Child Health, Karachi Pakistan.

Mucormycosis is a cause of fulminant necrotising fungal infection in children with underlying immunocompromising conditions. Rhino-orbito-cerebral infection is its most common form in the paediatric group with uncontrolled diabetes mellitus or diabetic ketoacidosis. The initial presentation can mimic a bacterial infection; thus a high index of suspicion is needed for timely intervention to reduce morbidity and mortality. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2022 Jun 2:1-4. Epub 2022 Jun 2.

Division of Neurosurgery, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino, Genoa, Italy.

Background And Importance: COVID-19 is a viral infection that mainly affects the respiratory tract, but can also cause multiple inflammatory reactions, including neurological and cerebrovascular manifestations. We report the case of a COVID-19 patient who developed 'de novo' multiple cerebral aneurysms with no risk factors for aneurysm formation.

Clinical Presentation: A 55-year-old man with SARS-CoV-2 infection came to our attention for left eye blindness accompanied by ptosis, palpebral chemosis and retro-orbital pain. Read More

Saudi J Ophthalmol 2021 Jul-Sep;35(3):239-243. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Oculoplastic and Reconstructive Surgery Division, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

Purpose: To evaluate the incidence of pediatric related orbital cellulitis after the routine administration of the vaccine in Saudi Arabia and to identify the most common pathogens, predisposing factors, related complications, and the need for surgical intervention.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients with a discharge diagnosis of orbital cellulitis who presented to the King Abdul Aziz University Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. Saudi children born between 2000 and 2016 were included. Read More

Adv Healthc Mater 2022 May 17:e2200283. Epub 2022 May 17.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Orbital Diseases and Ocular Oncology, Department of Ophthalmology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200011, P. R. China.

The eye is susceptible to viral infections, causing severe ocular symptoms or even respiratory diseases. Methods capable of protecting the eye from external viral invasion in a long-term and highly effective way are urgently needed but have been proved to be extremely challenging. Here, a strategy of forming a long-acting protective ocular surface is described by instilling adhesive dual-antiviral nanoparticles. Read More

Eur J Radiol 2022 Jul 6;152:110341. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Maulana Azad Medical College and Guru Nanak Eye Centre, New Delhi 110002, India.

In the wake of the ongoing Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, a new epidemic of COVID associated mucormycosis (CAM) emerged in India. Early diagnosis and prompt treatment of this deadly disease are of paramount importance in improving patient survival. MRI is the cornerstone of diagnosis of early extrasinus disease, particularly intracranial complications which have traditionally been associated with a high mortality rate. Read More

J Pediatr 2022 May 11. Epub 2022 May 11.

The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Department of Pediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Child Health Evaluative Sciences, SickKids Research Institute, Toronto, Ontario, Canada; Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, The University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objectives: To evaluate risk factors associated with surgical intervention and subperiosteal/orbital abscess in hospitalized children with severe orbital infections.

Study Design: We conducted a multicenter cohort study of children 2 months to 18 years hospitalized with periorbital or orbital cellulitis from 2009 to 2018 at 10 hospitals in Canada. Clinical details were extracted, and patients were categorized as undergoing surgical or medical-only management. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 May-Jun 01;38(3):306. Epub 2022 May 11.

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2022 May-Jun 01;38(3):306. Epub 2022 May 11.

J Am Coll Radiol 2022 05;19(5S):S175-S193

Specialty Chair, Atlanta VA Health Care System and Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia.

This article presents guidelines for initial imaging utilization in patients presenting with sinonasal disease, including acute rhinosinusitis without and with suspected orbital and intracranial complications, chronic rhinosinusitis, suspected invasive fungal sinusitis, suspected sinonasal mass, and suspected cerebrospinal fluid leak. CT and MRI are the primary imaging modalities used to evaluate patients with sinonasal disease. Given its detailed depiction of bony anatomy, CT can accurately demonstrate the presence of sinonasal disease, bony erosions, and anatomic variants, and is essential for surgical planning. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2022 May;32(5):639-645

Community Medicine, King Edward Medical University, Lahore, Pakistan.

Fungal infections have increased in number since the onset of this lethal pandemic. This study aimed to assess risk factors and case fatality in COVID-19 cases with aspergillosis or mucormycosis. A systematic review was done according to PRISMA guidelines. Read More

Indian J Pharmacol 2022 Mar-Apr;54(2):90-96

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head-Neck Surgery, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Objectives: Sinonasal mucormycosis is a serious fungal infection. Early diagnosis and prompt antifungal therapy along with surgical intervention is the key to its management. Liposomal amphotericin B (LAmB) given intravenously is the antifungal agent of choice. Read More

Future Med Chem 2022 Jun 11;14(11):795-808. Epub 2022 May 11.

University of Sao Paulo, Laboratory of Medicinal & Computational Chemistry, Center for Research & Innovation in Biodiversity & Drug Discovery, Institute of Physics of São Carlos, Av. João Dagnone, 1100, Santa Angelina, São Carlos, SP, 13563-120, Brazil.

Chagas disease is a neglected tropical disease that affects millions of people worldwide and for which no effective treatment is available. 17 chalcones were synthesized, for which the inhibition of cruzain and trypanocidal activity were investigated. Chalcone showed the highest cruzain inhibitory (IC = 0. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2022 Aug 6;121:203-210. Epub 2022 May 6.

Ear, Nose and Throat Surgical Department, Sohar Hospital, Ministry of Health, Sohar, Oman.

Background: A surge in COVID-19-associated mucormycosis cases has been observed during the second wave of COVID-19 in summer of 2021. Most cases were reported from India. The Delta variant (B. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2022 Jan-Mar;66(1):97-100

Department of Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery, Hospital Universitario y Politécnico La Fe, Valencia, Spain.

We present the case of a 35-year-old female patient, pregnant in her third trimester, with no ophthalmologic history of interest and a medical history of IgA deficiency syndrome with bronchiectasis as the only symptomatology, who came to another center with clinical symptoms of ocular discomfort. She was initially diagnosed with anterior uveitis and treated with topical and periocular corticosteroids. Edema and palpebral erythema appeared a few days later and she was diagnosed with idiopathic orbital inflammation and was treated with intravenous (I. Read More

Open Forum Infect Dis 2022 May 18;9(5):ofac143. Epub 2022 Apr 18.

Division of Infectious Disease, Department of Internal Medicine, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina, USA.

Lemierre's syndrome (LS) is a rare and potentially fatal condition that predominantly affects young adults with oropharyngeal infection. is the usual etiology and classically causes internal jugular vein septic thrombophlebitis, frequently complicated by septic emboli to several organs (most classically to the lungs). Lemierre-like syndrome (LLS) describes the same constellation of symptoms and pathophysiology as Lemierre's syndrome; however, spp. Read More

Front Immunol 2022 22;13:799454. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.

Objectives: This study reported a case of overlapping anti-N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) inflammatory demyelinating disease with human herpesviruses 7 (HHV-7) infection.

Methods: The detailed clinical characteristics, neuroimaging features, and outcomes of the patient were collected. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR), cell-based assay (CBA) and the tissue-based indirect immunofluorescence assay (TBA) were used for diagnosis. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2022 May 4. Epub 2022 May 4.

From the Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Carver College of Medicine, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, Iowa City, Iowa. Electronic address:

Objective: To evaluate the accuracy of the initial diagnosis in the case of fungal infections of the orbit and identify factors that may influence patient outcomes.

Methods: An institutional review board-approved retrospective chart review was conducted across 2 large academic centres to identify cases of fungal infections involving the orbit from January 1, 1998, to November 15, 2019. Data collected included patient demographics, past medical history, examination findings, diagnosis, treatment, imaging, and outcomes. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2022 06 3;45(6):684-686. Epub 2022 May 3.

Service d'ophtalmologie, centre hospitalier universitaire Mohammed 6, BP2360 Principal, avenue Ibn Sina, Marrakech, Maroc.

J Family Med Prim Care 2022 Apr 18;11(4):1244-1249. Epub 2022 Mar 18.

Additional Professor & Head, Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, Bihar, India.

Background: There is sharp rise in cases of Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19)-associated mucormycosis worldwide and specially during second wave of COVID-19 pandemic. This systemic review was conducted to characterize pulmonary mucormycosis associated with COVID-19 infection.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the electronic database of PubMed and Google Scholar from 1 January 2020 to June 5, 2021 using keywords. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2022 May;58(5):380-382

Department of Ophthalmology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.

A 65-year-old patient was admitted to the hospital due to proptosis of the left eye accompanied with ophthalmodynia and toothache for two months. Ophthalmic examination revealed a palpable mass around the lateral orbit and temporal fossa, and maxillofacial CT suggested a malignant tumor invading the left orbital floor wall. One week later, the patient was diagnosed with left orbital cellulitis and septic shock due to peri-orbit redness, eyelid edema, chest tightness, nausea, vomiting, hypotension, and a marked increase in peripheral blood neutrophil count. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1822-1824

Department of Radio-Diagnosis, Adesh Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Bathinda, Punjab, India.

The storm of COVID-19-associated mucormycosis (CAM) has not yet settled, and it has proven itself a disfiguring and potentially life-threatening disease, complicating the course of COVID-19 infection. Mucormycosis is a rare but devastating fungal infection caused by filamentous fungi of the family Mucoraceae. We report a rare case of a 37-year-old diabetic male with bilateral rhino-orbital-cerebral mucormycosis (ROCM) where it leads to bilateral central retinal artery occlusion (CRAO) as manifestation of the disease. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2022 05;70(5):1522-1532

Cataract, Pediatric Ophthalmology and Squint Services, Aravind Eye Hospital and Post Graduate Institute of Ophthalmology, Pondicherry, India.

Purpose: To perform a comprehensive analysis of COVID-19 publications published in the Indian Journal of Ophthalmology (IJO) during the two years of the pandemic and to study their impact on ophthalmic literature.

Methods: : A retrospective analysis was performed of all expedited COVID-19 articles published in IJO from April 2020 to March 2022. The data was obtained from the official website of IJO, editor IJO monthly emails, and PubMed database. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2022 Apr;184(17)

Øre-, Næse-, Halskirurgi, Aarhus Universitetshospital.

Subperiosteal orbital abscess is a complication of acute bacterial sinusitis. In this review, we summarise the theoretical background and highlight the importance of a fast diagnostic workup. The treatment of acute sinusitis with involvement of an eye is antibiotic therapy and daily evaluation by both an ophtalmologist and a rhinologist. Read More