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Arq Bras Oftalmol 2018 Jun;81(3):171-176

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate the effects of oral propranolol for circumscribed choroidal hemangioma.

Methods: In this prospective, longitudinal interventional study, we administered oral propranolol at a dosage of 1.5 mg/kg/day to five patients with circumscribed choroidal hemangioma. Read More

Urology 2018 Jun 14. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Department of Urology, Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, Japan.

Infantile hemangiomas (IH) are the most common in the head and neck region. They can occur anywhere in the skin, however, urethral hemangiomas are very rare. We describe a case report of a three years old boy with extensive lesions of IH in the anterior urethra. Read More

Iran J Med Sci 2018 May;43(3):336-339

Department of Pathology, Ilam University of Medical Sciences, Ilam, Iran.

Intravascular papillary endothelial hyperplasia (IPEH) is an uncommon benign vascular disease characterized by endothelial cell proliferation and papillary formation within the lumen of blood vessels arising from an organizing thrombus. The occurrence of this uncommon lesion is about 2% of all vascular tumors. IPEH mostly occurs in the 5th decade of life, and there is no gender or age predilection. Read More

Int J Dent 2018 17;2018:4030134. Epub 2018 May 17.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Beirut, Lebanon.

Background: Prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions in a sample of Lebanese population attending the School of Dentistry of Lebanese University is necessary to evaluate their oral health situation.

Objectives: The aim of the present study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of oral mucosal lesions of patients attending the School of Dentistry.

Methods: A descriptive study was carried out by retrospectively examining a total of 231 medical and clinical examination record files of patients, attending the School of Dentistry Lebanese University for multidisciplinary dental treatments. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Jun 5. Epub 2018 Jun 5.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nair Hospital Dental College, 400008 Mumbai Central, Mumbai. Electronic address:

The intramuscular haemangioma (IMH) is a rare variant of unknown aetiology and comprises 0.8% of soft tissue haemangiomas. Less than 20% of IMHs occur in the craniofacial region of which the masseter is the most common site. Read More

Pediatrics 2018 Jun;141(6)

University of Rennes, Rennes, France.

Objectives: The safety of oral propranolol for infantile hemangioma has not yet been studied at population level since the pediatric use marketing authorization was obtained in Europe.

Methods: A survey of a nationwide, claim-based observational cohort of children <3 years old, with at least 1 delivery of oral propranolol between July 2014 and June 2016, was performed by using the database of the French National Health Insurance system. Standardized morbidity ratios (SMRs) were calculated by using, from the same database, a representative random sample of nonexposed subjects. Read More

World J Pediatr 2018 06 23;14(3):254-258. Epub 2018 May 23.

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of General, Visceral and Transplantation Surgery, University Hospital of Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 110, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Background: The indication and extent of cardiac screening before oral propranolol therapy (OPT) in patients with infantile hemangioma (IH) has been challenged. In this study, we evaluated pre-OPT cardiac diagnostics in a pediatric IH cohort in our department.

Methods: Retrospective chart review of infants ≤ 12 months old with IH undergoing OPT. Read More

Case Rep Dent 2018 26;2018:1370701. Epub 2018 Mar 26.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Nara Medical University, Kashihara, Nara, Japan.

Spindle cell hemangioma (SCH) is a unique benign vascular lesion. We present a case of SCH in the upper lip of a 41-year-old woman. A submucosal nodular mass 30 × 20 mm in size was observed in the left upper lip. Read More

Br J Dermatol 2018 May 17. Epub 2018 May 17.

Unit of Population-Based Dermatology Research and Department of Paediatric Dermatology, St John's Institute of Dermatology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust and King's College London.

Background: Infantile haemangiomas (IH) are the most common vascular tumours of infancy. Despite their frequency and potential complications, there are currently no unified UK guidelines for the treatment of IH with propranolol. There are still uncertainties and diverse opinions regarding indications, pre-treatment investigations, its use in PHACES syndrome, and cessation of treatment. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 May;31(10):806-807

A 33 year old male patient has found in the oral cavity tumor with nausea and vomiting after 20 days ago. The patients feel pharyngeal foreign body sensation, occasional sense of suffocation, the oropharyngeal tumor disappeared and foreign body sensation disappeared after swallowing. The patients without angina, no hemoptysis, no hoarseness, no acid reflux symptoms and weight loss phenomenon. Read More

Mol Med Rep 2018 May 14. Epub 2018 May 14.

Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Province for Craniofacial Precision Medicine Research, College of Stomatology, Xi'an Jiaotong University Xi'an, Shaanxi 710004, P.R. China.

The use of propranolol for the treatment of infantile hemangioma (IH) has been widely investigated in recent years. However, the underlying therapeutic mechanism of propranolol for the treatment of IH remains poorly understood. The aim of the present study was to investigate the expression of proteins regulated by cellular tumor antigen p53 (p53) in associated apoptosis pathways in IH endothelial cells (HemECs) treated with propranolol. Read More

J Clin Pediatr Dent 2018 May 15. Epub 2018 May 15.

Pyogenic granuloma, also called lobular capillary hemangioma, is a benign vascular lesion of the skin and mucous membranes. While the majority of pyogenic granulomas in the oral cavity involve the gingiva, they also infrequently present at other sites including lips, oral mucosa, palate, and tongue. We report a case of a pyogenic granuloma of the tongue in a five-year old female patient. Read More

G Ital Dermatol Venereol 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.

Department of Dermatology and Venereology, "Sapienza" University of Rome, Policlinico Umberto I, Rome, Italy.

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 May 7. Epub 2018 May 7.

Milan, Italy.

J Clin Pharmacol 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.

Department of Clinical Pharmacokinetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.

This study aimed to characterize the population pharmacokinetics and exposure-response relationship of propranolol (Hemangiol Syrup for Pediatric) in infants with infantile hemangioma. Using nonlinear mixed-effects modeling with 63 pooled sets of plasma concentration-time data from 32 Japanese patients aged 35-150 days, we described the disposition of propranolol adequately by a 1-compartment model with first-order absorption. The estimated population mean apparent clearance and apparent central volume of distribution were 9. Read More

Skeletal Radiol 2018 May 10. Epub 2018 May 10.

Center of Excellence for Medical Genetics, Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.

Metaphyseal chondromatosis with D-2-hydroxyglutaric aciduria (MC-HGA) (OMIM 614875) is a severe chondrodysplasia combined with a urinary excretion of D-2-hydroxyglutaric acid. Here, we reported the tenth case of this disease. A 15-year-old boy had symmetric radiolulencies in the metaphyses of the long bones suggesting enchondromatosis and platyspondyly. Read More

Int J Surg Pathol 2018 May 1:1066896918773476. Epub 2018 May 1.

1 Department of Pathology and Laboratories, Fundación Santa Fe de Bogotá, Bogotá DC, Colombia.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a capillary hemangioma mainly found in the skin and oral mucosa, but rarely described in the esophagus. We report the case of a 66-year-old man who consulted for retrosternal pain. Endoscopic studies showed a 28-mm polypoid mass located at the distal esophageal mucosa. Read More

Pharmacol Res Perspect 2018 Jun 30;6(3):e00399. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

SERVIER Laboratories Center of Excellence Pharmacokinetics Suresnes France.

Propranolol has become the first choice therapy for complicated Infantile Hemangiomas (IH). The pharmacokinetics of propranolol were evaluated after repeated oral administration of a new pediatric solution of propranolol at 3 mg kg day given twice daily (BID) in infants (77-243 days) with IH. A population model was built to describe the pharmacokinetics of propranolol in infants and to simulate different dosing regimens. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2018 Apr 23;31(2):194-196. Epub 2018 Feb 23.

Division of Otolaryngology, Department of Surgery, Baylor Scott and White McLane Children's Hospital, Temple, Texas.

Subglottic hemangioma is a potentially life-threatening manifestation of the PHACES syndrome. The disease process has been treated with corticosteroids, oral chemotherapeutic agents, endoscopic airway interventions, tracheostomy, and even laryngotracheal reconstruction. Oral propranolol has emerged as an effective therapy and in many cases has led to complete regression of hemangioma during the proliferative phase. Read More

Clin Imaging 2018 Jul - Aug;50:246-249. Epub 2018 Apr 13.

Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-047, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.

Lobular capillary hemangiomas are acquired benign vascular neoplasms which typically affect the skin and mucous membranes. While these lesions commonly involve the head and neck, particularly the oral cavity, there are no reports in the literature of lobular capillary hemangioma arising from the mandible. The diagnosis of such a rare entity can therefore be challenging, especially as it may mimic more aggressive lesions, including malignancy. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 May;141(5):709e-717e

Boston, Mass. From the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School.

Background: Vascular anomalies currently are classified according to their clinical and histological characteristics. Recent advances in molecular genetics have enabled the identification of somatic mutations in most types of vascular anomalies. The purpose of this study was to collate information regarding the genetic basis of vascular anomalies. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 25;2018:5821369. Epub 2018 Feb 25.

Division of Oncology, Department of Pediatric Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.

Background: The aim of this study was to examine whether oral propranolol has any effect on neurodevelopment outcomes in young children with problematic infantile hemangiomas (IHs).

Methods: Thirty-six children with a diagnosis of problematic IH who were treated with oral propranolol were compared with 34 healthy children with no history of propranolol therapy. Patients received propranolol therapy for at least 3 months. Read More

J Cutan Med Surg 2018 Apr 1:1203475418770570. Epub 2018 Apr 1.

5 Division of Dermatology, Women's College Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.

Ulcerated infantile hemangiomas may present a therapeutic challenge, especially if there is concurrent hemorrhage or infection. The aim of this study was to systematically review the published evidence on the treatment of ulcerated hemangiomas, focusing on wound healing as the outcome of interest. We searched MEDLINE, Embase, SCOPUS, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science from inception to July 2016. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2018 04 18;4:CD006545. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Paediatric Dermatology Department, Hospital San Jose-Fundacion Universitaria de Ciencias de la Salud, Carrera 19, No. 8A-32, Bogota, Colombia.

Background: Infantile haemangiomas (previously known as strawberry birthmarks) are soft, raised swellings of the skin that occur in 3% to 10% of infants. These benign vascular tumours are usually uncomplicated and tend to regress spontaneously. However, when haemangiomas occur in high-risk areas, such as near the eyes, throat, or nose, impairing their function, or when complications develop, intervention may be necessary. Read More

Pol J Radiol 2017 20;82:571-577. Epub 2017 Oct 20.

Department of Radiology, The Nippon Dental University Niigata Hospital, Niigata, Japan.

Background: The aim of this study was to investigate diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI) in the oral and maxillofacial region, with a special focus on the usefulness of apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) maps and maximum intensity projection (MIP) for characterization of normal structures and lesions.

Material/methods: Thirty-five patients who underwent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for diagnosis of oral and maxillofacial lesions were included in this prospective study. DWI was performed on a 1. Read More

World J Plast Surg 2018 Jan;7(1):16-24

Sir Syed Nagar, JNMCH, AMU, Aligarh, India.

Background: Hemangiomas are the most common benign tumors of infancy. This study evaluated the efficacy of oral propranolol comparing to oral steroids in management of pediatric hemangiomas.

Methods: In North India from January 2012 to January 2015, sixty children <6 years old with superficial hemangiomas were divided into 2 groups; oral propranolol vs. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2018 Mar 30. Epub 2018 Mar 30.

Department of Plastic Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery.

Hemangiomas are the most common tumors of childhood with an average incidence of 10%. It is unusual for hemangiomas, which are already rarely seen isolated on the palate, to coexist with cleft palate as in the authors' patient. Four months old baby was admitted with isolated Veau 2 cleft palate and a red-purple colored raised lesion involving almost the whole right side of the hard palate. Read More

J Dermatol 2018 Jun 31;45(6):719-722. Epub 2018 Mar 31.

Department of Pediatrics, Showa General Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.

Infantile hemangiomas undergo rapid growth during early infancy followed by gradual involution. Infantile hemangiomas sometimes impair vital functions or cause disfigurement. Thirty-two Japanese patients between the ages of 1 and 4 months with proliferating infantile hemangiomas received oral propranolol on an outpatient basis. Read More

Postepy Dermatol Alergol 2018 Feb 20;35(1):18-25. Epub 2018 Feb 20.

Department of Oral Surgery, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Lip enlargement may be an important symptom of either systemic or local diseases. On the basis of selected age-matched clinical cases we present the possible causes of lip swelling. We describe the most representative symptoms and recommend treatment of these pathologies. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2018 Apr;80(4 Suppl 4):S211-S213

From the Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Vascular Anomalies Center, Boston Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA.

Introduction: The life cycle of infantile hemangioma (IH) and secretion of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) are identical. We previously have shown that IH contains the FSH receptor (FSHR). The purpose of this study was to identify which cell type(s) in IH expresses FSHR. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Mar 23. Epub 2018 Mar 23.

ENT Department, University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, UK.

Infantile haemangiomas are the most common tumour of infancy. Whilst the majority are left untreated to involute spontaneously, residual skin changes commonly occur, particularly in superficial haemangiomas. The current first-line treatment for problematic lesions is oral propranolol; however due to the risk of systemic adverse effects, the use of off-label topical preparations has recently been investigated. Read More

J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2018 Feb 28. Epub 2018 Feb 28.

Infantile hepatic hemangiomas (IHH), particularly of the diffuse subtype, can in severe cases be associated with hepatic and cardiac failure, compartment syndrome, and consumptive hypothyroidism. Early recognition and treatment of these pathologies is paramount in order to minimise the risk of longterm sequelae. We report an interesting case of a female infant who presented with systemic compromise, in the absence of large or obvious cutaneous infantile hemangiomas (IH). Read More

Cureus 2017 Dec 20;9(12):e1975. Epub 2017 Dec 20.

Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Arizona.

We present the case of a young female on oral contraceptives (OCs) who was diagnosed with focal nodular hyperplasia (FNH) and remained on oral contraceptives. Months later, the patient presented with acute abdominal pain and intratumoral hemorrhage in the liver. The patient was taken to the operating room (OR) and was diagnosed with a ruptured hepatic adenoma (HA). Read More

J Toxicol Sci 2018 ;43(2):113-127

The carcinogenicity of quinoline was examined by administrating quinoline in the drinking water to groups of 50 F344/DuCrj rats and 50 Crj: BDF1 mice of each sex. In rats, the doses of quinoline were 0, 200, 400, and 800 ppm for males and 0, 150, 300, and 600 ppm for females. In male rats, administration of quinoline was terminated at week 96 due to high mortality caused by tumors. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2018 Apr 13;176(4):1015-1022. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Center for Craniofacial Research, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston School of Dentistry, Houston, Texas.

Tooth development is regulated by multiple genetic pathways, which ultimately drive the complex interactions between the oral epithelium and mesenchyme. Disruptions at any time point during this process may lead to failure of tooth development, also known as tooth agenesis (TA). TA is a common craniofacial abnormality in humans and represents the failure to develop one or more permanent teeth. Read More

J AAPOS 2018 Apr 20;22(2):156-158. Epub 2018 Mar 20.

University of Missouri-Kansas City School of Medicine, Kansas City, Missouri; Pediatric Ophthalmology, Children's Mercy Hospital, Kansas City, Missouri. Electronic address:

Extraocular infantile hemangiomas have been shown to respond to oral and topical beta blockers, while there is little literature regarding the management of intraocular infantile hemangiomas with beta blockers. This case report discusses the management of an iris hemangioma with topical timolol, a treatment previously unreported in the literature. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2018 Feb 6. Epub 2018 Feb 6.

Reference Centre for Rare Skin Diseases, Dermatology Department, CHU Larrey, Paul Sabatier University, Toulouse, France.

Background: Oral propranolol is the gold standard to treat infantile hemangiomas. There is better efficacy and a lower risk of sequelae if therapy is started before the end of the growth phase, but most children are referred too late. Herein, we report the first study to investigate the delay and its associated factors when referring infants with infantile hemangiomas that need propranolol therapy. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2018 Mar 5;17(1):1-12. Epub 2018 Jan 5.

Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Bangalore Institute of Dental Sciences, Bangalore, India.

Vascular anomalies of the head and neck region are a complex group of lesions that challenge the head and neck physicians. From the very understanding of the difference between its two distinct forms, hemangiomas and vascular malformations to its management remain confusing. The review of this anomaly attempts at comprehensively understanding the disease. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2018 Feb;66(2):246-251

Shri Bhagwan Mahavir Vitreoretinal Services, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Purpose: The aim of the study was to describe the clinical features and treatment outcomes of vasoproliferative tumors (VPT) in Indian participants.

Methods: This study design was a retrospective case series in a tertiary eye care center. Case records of patients diagnosed with VPT from 2011 to 2015 were reviewed, and their demographic details, clinical presentation, and treatment outcomes were documented. Read More

Int Dent J 2018 Jan 28. Epub 2018 Jan 28.

Department of Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Pathumwan, Bangkok, Thailand.

Objectives: To determine whether the spectrum of oral pathology in children seen at a medical institution differs from studies derived from dental facilities.

Methods: Oral biopsy records from paediatric patients (<16 years of age) were retrieved from the pathology archives at Chulalongkorn University Hospital over a period of 15 years. Lesions were categorised as inflammatory/reactive, tumour/tumour-like or cystic. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2018 Jan 29. Epub 2018 Jan 29.

Division of Clinical Dermatology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Understanding the effects of age on the epidemiology of diseases primarily affecting the skin is important to the practice of dermatology, both for proper allocation of resources and for optimal patient-centered care. To fully appreciate the effect that age may have on the population-based calculations of incidence of diseases primarily affecting the skin in Olmsted County, Minnesota, and worldwide, we performed a review of all relevant Rochester Epidemiology Project-published data and compared them to similar reports in the worldwide English literature. Using the Rochester Epidemiology Project, population-based epidemiologic studies have been performed to estimate the incidence of specific skin diseases over the past 50 years. Read More

J Clin Exp Dent 2017 Nov 1;9(11):e1366-e1370. Epub 2017 Nov 1.

BDS MSc, Professor, 1959 NE Pacific St, Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Washington School of Dentistry, Seattle, Washington 98195-7133, USA.

Background: Hemangiomas of the soft tissue are common in the head and neck area, especially in the tongue and in children under ten years of age. Intraosseous hemangiomas of the mandible and maxilla (IHM), on the other hand, are exceedingly rare and are not well characterized. This study presents six IHM cases focusing on the clinical, radiographic, and histologic characteristics. Read More

Pediatr Neonatol 2017 Dec 6. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Dept of Pediatric Ophthalmology & Strabismus, Sankara Nethralaya, Medical Research Foundation, Chennai, India.

Background: To assess the safety and efficacy of oral propranolol in the management of periocular Capillary Hemangiomas of Infancy (CHI).

Methods: Medical records of 21 infants diagnosed with periocular capillary hemangioma during a period of 5 years from 2009 to 2014 were retrospectively reviewed. The data collected included demographic details, clinical features and details of imaging studies and response to the therapy. Read More

BMC Pregnancy Childbirth 2018 01 2;18(1). Epub 2018 Jan 2.

Department of Ultrasound, GZ Women & Children Medical Centre, Jinsui Road 9, Guangzhou, 510623, China.

Background: Although huge fetal hepatic hemangiomas are rare, they can cause fatal complications. The purpose of this study is to describe the imaging features and prognosis of these tumors.

Methods: Imaging data were collected for 6 patients with huge fetal hepatic hemangiomas treated at our hospital. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2018 01;66(1):151-154

Department of Interventional Radiology, Apollo Specialty Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Periorbital arteriovenous malformations (AVMs) are congenital lesions that may cause significant morbidity such as amblyopia, cosmetic disfigurement, or chronic pain. Due to the rarity of these lesions, they are frequently misdiagnosed and treated inappropriately. We managed a 6-year-old girl with preseptal AVM by endovascular embolization followed by complete surgical excision after 2 days. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2018 Jan 20;35(1):e92-e93. Epub 2017 Dec 20.

Department of Plastic and Oral Surgery, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.

Kaposiform hemangioendotheliomas are pediatric vascular tumors that do not metastasize. We present a patient with a thigh kaposiform hemangioendothelioma successfully treated using a systemic corticosteroid during infancy who was diagnosed with lymphedema in the extremity 9 years later. The observation that extremity kaposiform hemangioendothelioma could possibly be associated with lymphedema has implications for the care of patients with kaposiform hemangioendothelioma. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2017 Jul-Dec;7(2):308-311

Department of Plastic Surgery, Rajarajeswari Dental College and Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Acquired capillary hemangioma of the eyelid is very uncommon in adults. To our knowledge, only eight such cases have been reported in the literature till date. We report the case of a 25-year-old female with acquired capillary hemangioma of the left lower eyelid treated by cutting diathermy followed by reconstruction of the cutaneous and cartilaginous defect. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2017 8;11:2177-2181. Epub 2017 Dec 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Sohag Faculty of Medicine, Sohag University, Sohag, Egypt.

Aim: To evaluate the clinical effectiveness of combined oral propranolol with intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide in the treatment of infantile periorbital capillary hemangioma.

Patients And Methods: This prospective interventional study included children diagnosed with periocular infantile hemangiomas in the proliferative phase with vision-threatening lesions. The children presented to the oculoplastic unit in Sohag University Hospital in the period between January 2016 and February 2017 and were treated with a combined intralesional injection of triamcinolone acetonide with oral propranolol, with a follow-up period of 6 months. Read More

Zhonghua Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2017 Dec;52(12):909-914

Special Department of Hemangiomas, Linyi Tumor Hospital, Linyi 276001, Shandong Province, China.

To analyze the clinical data and summarize therapeutic experiences of cervicofacial venous malformations involving isthmus faucium area. Clinical records from 143 patients with venous malformations involving isthmus faucium area treated at our hospital between January 2012 and January 2016 were reviewed. There were 70 males and 73 females. Read More