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Front Pediatr 2022 2;10:849496. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Dermatology, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Background And Purpose: This study was conducted to explore the plasma drug concentration of propranolol in Chinese Han patients with infantile haemangioma (IH) and the influencing factors, as well as the relationship among plasma drug concentrations of propranolol, β1-AR mutation and CYP2D6 188C>T, efficacy, and safety.

Experimental Approach: From January 2018 to April 2019, 140 patients with IH who were admitted to the hospital for oral propranolol and agreed to have their plasma concentration of propranolol tested, including 112 patients with β1-AR and CYP2D6 gene tested.

Key Results And Conclusions And Implications: The mean peak blood levels of propranolol, 4-hydroxypropranolol (4-OH-P), and N-deisopropylpropranolol (NDP) were 60. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Pediatrics, Hamamatsu University School of Medicine, Hamamatsu, Japan.

Oral propranolol is recommended as the first-line agent for infantile hemangioma requiring systemic treatment. Life-threatening complications such as obstructive infantile hemangioma of the airway or infantile hepatic hemangioma associated with high-output congestive heart failure are major indications for the consideration of early treatment. We present the case of an infant with life-threatening diffuse neonatal hemangiomatosis, including airway obstruction due to subglottic hemangioma, heart failure due to multiple hepatic hemangiomas with portohepatic venous shunts, and severe anemia due to continuous gastrointestinal bleeding, in which treatment with intravenous propranolol proved successful. Read More

Front Surg 2022 27;9:868187. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

Gillies McIndoe Research Institute, Wellington, New Zealand.

Cells exhibiting embryonic stem cell (ESC) characteristics have been demonstrated in vascular anomalies (VAs), cancer, and fibroproliferative conditions, which are commonly managed by plastic surgeons and remain largely unsolved. The efficacy of the mTOR inhibitor sirolimus, and targeted therapies that block the Ras/BRAF/MEK/ERK1/2 and PI3KCA/AKT/mTOR pathways in many types of cancer and VAs, further supports the critical role of ESC-like cells in the pathogenesis of these conditions. ESC-like cells in VAs, cancer, and fibroproliferative conditions express components of the renin-angiotensin system (RAS) - a homeostatic endocrine signaling cascade that regulates cells with ESC characteristics. Read More

J Pharmacol Sci 2022 Jun 26;149(2):60-65. Epub 2022 Mar 26.

Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan.

Infantile hemangioma (IH) is a common tumor in infants that gradually resolves and is often untreated. However, for cosmetic reasons, parents often opt for treatment. Oral propranolol, the first-line therapy for IH, is sometimes associated with several side effects, including hypotension, bradycardia, and hypoglycemia. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2022 May 3. Epub 2022 May 3.

Research Unit, Fundación Piel Sana AEDV, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Guidelines and expert recommendations on infantile hemangiomas (IH) are aimed at increasing homogeneity in clinical decisions based on the risk of sequelae.

Objective: The objective was to analyze the inter- and intra-observer agreement among pediatric dermatologists in the choice of treatment for IH.

Methods: We performed a cross-sectional inter-rater and intra-rater agreement study within the Spanish infantile hemangioma registry. Read More

Ann Plast Surg 2022 Apr 20. Epub 2022 Apr 20.

From the Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, P.R. China.

Background: Oral propranolol can effectively activate and accelerate infantile hemangioma (IH) involution; however, could the final outcome of oral propranolol treatment for IHs commensurate that of spontaneous involution?

Objective: This study aimed to investigate the long-term therapeutic effect of oral propranolol for IHs.

Methods: We present an individual matching comparative study with (1) oral propranolol therapy for mixed and deep IHs on the lips, nose, and parotid and (2) lesion type- and lesion location-matched untreated IHs as controls. Patients' follow-up photographs were assessed by 3 surgeons blinded of their treatment. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2022 05 1;22(1):239. Epub 2022 May 1.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, No. 17 Yongwai zheng street, 330006, Nanchang, Jiangxi, People's Republic of China.

Background: Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common benign tumor in children and is characterized by endothelial cells proliferation and angiogenesis. Some hub genes may play a critical role in angiogenesis. This study aimed to identify the hub genes and analyze their biological functions in IH. Read More

Heart Surg Forum 2022 Apr 22;25(2):E284-E287. Epub 2022 Apr 22.

Department of Pathology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, China.

Composite hemangioendothelioma (CHE) is an extremely rare vascular neoplasm that is characterized by an admixture of benign, low-grade malignant, and malignant vascular components. It is usually located superficially in the dermis and subcutis of the extremities, and other sites involved include the head and neck region, oral mucosa, and viscera of the kidney and spleen. CHE has a low-grade malignant potential because it is locally aggressive. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Pathol 2022 Feb 28;26(Suppl 1):S119-S123. Epub 2022 Feb 28.

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Science, College Dentistry, King Saud Bin Abdulaziz University for Health Science, King Abdullah International Medical Research Center, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Pyogenic granuloma (PG) is a benign nonneoplastic mucocutaneous lesion. It occurs as a result of chronic irritation or due to hormonal changes. The most favorable site for this fairly common lesion is gingiva, but rarely, it can occur outside the oral cavity, later often difficult to diagnose, as a diverse group of the pathologic process can produce such lesions outside the oral cavity. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2022 May 16;23(5):334. Epub 2022 Mar 16.

Medical Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunărea de Jos' University, 800008 Galați, Romania.

There are a number of benign tumors of the nose and pharynx that are seldomly reported in literature but that can sometimes prove difficult to treat and extremely important for differential diagnosis. The present study presents cases of rare benign tumors localized in the pharynx, nasal and sinus cavities, as well as reviews of literature and historical references for each type of tumor. Unilateral nasal hemangioma in a 72-year-old male which, although not a rare pathology, raised problems due to auto-resection of the tumor. Read More

Case Rep Pathol 2022 29;2022:5641608. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Pathology, Gospel Hospital, Kosin University, 262 Gamcheon-ro, Seo-gu, Busan, Republic of Korea 49267.

Background: Lobular capillary hemangiomas typically present as skin or oral mucosa lesions and have rarely been described in unusual sites, including the gastrointestinal tract. Most colonic lobular capillary hemangiomas, either asymptomatic or associated with GI bleeding, have been amenable to endoscopic treatment in literatures. . Read More

Chem Pharm Bull (Tokyo) 2022 ;70(4):277-282

Department of Pharmacy Practice & Science, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Shizuoka.

Propranolol is used as the first-line treatment for infantile hemangiomas (IHs). As oral formulations can cause systemic adverse drug reactions (ADRs), we prepared topical propranolol formulations and evaluated their pharmaceutical profiles. We also present three cases of pediatric patients with IHs who were treated with the propranolol formulations. Read More

J Oral Pathol Med 2022 Mar 28. Epub 2022 Mar 28.

Department of Otolaryngology and Head Neck Surgery, Lausanne University Hospital (CHUV), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Vascular anomalies are rare lesions of diverse nature that may affect the head and neck region. Any mass in or around the upper airway has the potential to obstruct or compromise it. The absolute priority, before etiologic treatment, is the evaluation of the risk for the airway and its management. Read More

Pediatr Med Chir 2022 Mar 21;44(1). Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Department of Pediatric Surgery and Pediatric Minimally Invasive Surgery and New Technologies, San Bortolo Hospital, Vicenza.

Infantile Hemangiomas (IH) are the most common benign tumor of infancy, occurring in over 10% of newborns. The head and neck is the most frequently affected area (60%), and the scalp is a typical site for such large lesions. Scalp-IHs are usually focal lesions that can be both disfiguring and may lead to complications such as ulceration and bleeding. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2022 Mar 21;16(1):40-53. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Institute of Biomedicine, Pathology, University of Turku, and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.

The salivary gland section in the 5th edition of the World Health Organization Classification of Head and Neck Tumours features a description and inclusion of several new entities, including sclerosing polycystic adenoma, keratocystoma, intercalated duct adenoma, and striated duct adenoma among the benign neoplasms; and microsecretory adenocarcinoma and sclerosing microcystic adenocarcinoma as the new malignant entities. The new entry also includes mucinous adenocarcinoma subdivided into papillary, colloid, signet ring, and mixed subtypes with recurrent AKT1 E17K mutations across patterns suggesting that mucin-producing salivary adenocarcinomas represent a histologically diverse single entity that may be related to salivary intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm (IPMN). Importantly, the number of entities in the salivary chapter has been reduced by omitting tumors or lesions if they do not occur exclusively or predominantly in salivary glands, including hemangioma, lipoma, nodular fasciitis and hematolymphoid tumors. Read More

J Cutan Aesthet Surg 2021 Oct-Dec;14(4):409-415

Department of Pediatric Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Context: As propranolol has emerged as first-line therapy for problematic infantile hemangioma, the number of non-responders and partial responders to propranolol therapy is also increasing.

Aims: The study was conducted to evaluate the response of intralesional bleomycin, triamcinolone, and a combination of both as second line of treatment for the residual hemangioma following propranolol therapy.

Settings And Design: A prospective comparative study was conducted in patients who were either non-responders or partial responders to previous propranolol treatment. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2022 Feb 22. Epub 2022 Feb 22.

Department of Pediatric surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi 221005, India.

Rationale: Propranolol has evolved as a first line management of infantile haemangiomas. Nevertheless, the resistance to propranolol has warranted alternative treatment modalities. We hypothesize that combination of medical and surgical therapy (sandwich therapy) to be beneficial in the management. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2022 Feb;10(5):1617-1622

Department of Basic Dental Science, Princess Nourah Bint Abdulrahman University, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia.

Background: Hemangioma is a vascular benign tumour of endothelial origin. It appears commonly in the first decade of life with increases incidence in females. Hemangioma is not common to happen in the oral cavity and it is extremely rare to appear in the labial vestibule. Read More

Children (Basel) 2022 Jan 26;9(2). Epub 2022 Jan 26.

Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Oral Diagnosis Department, College of Dentistry, University of Sulaimani, Sulaimani 46001, Iraq.

Oral and maxillofacial lesions (OMFLs) in pediatrics differ markedly from their adult counterparts in terms of clinical conduct, pathological behavior, and management. This study aims to determine the frequency of OMFLs among pediatric and adolescent patients and to correlate the demographics information to the site, and histopathological findings. Pathological records of pediatric and adolescent patients were retrieved from three major pathological centers in Sulaimani city of Iraq. Read More

Pediatr Dermatol 2022 Mar 17;39(2):255-259. Epub 2022 Feb 17.

Department of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Dermatology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

For infantile hemangiomas (IH) requiring treatment, including those in high-risk locations or in the setting of ulceration, oral propranolol is first-line therapy. Here, we present three cases of infantile hemangioma with worsening ulceration following initiation or escalation of oral propranolol at standard doses. Read More

Front Oncol 2021 31;11:792554. Epub 2022 Jan 31.

Department of Radiology, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai JiaoTong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China.

Objectives: To assess computed tomography (CT) and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) findings of intramuscular hemangiomas (IMHs) in oral and maxillofacial region and correlate them with the histopathological classifications for selecting optimum management.

Methods: The clinical data and pretreatment findings of 32 patients with pathologically proven IMHs on CT (n = 10), MRI (n = 27), or both (n = 5) were analyzed retrospectively. Correspondence of clinical and imaging characters with 3 different pathological classifications (cavernous, capillary, and mixed) of IMHs was studied. Read More

Clin Cosmet Investig Dermatol 2022 9;15:189-192. Epub 2022 Feb 9.

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Antananarivo, Antananarivo, 101, Madagascar.

The treatment of parotid hemangiomas has posed a challenge. A male infant presented with large hemangioma of the right parotid gland diagnosed at the age of 3 months. Starting at the age of 4 months, he was treated with oral propranolol for 10 months, which led to a marked reduction in tumor size and strawberry hemangioma. Read More

Cureus 2022 Jan 29;14(1):e21705. Epub 2022 Jan 29.

Hard Tissue Pathology Unit, Graduate School of Oral Medicine, Matsumoto Dental University, Shiojiri, JPN.

Glomeruloid hemangioma is a rare variant of hemangioma that is accompanied by polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin abnormalities (POEMS) syndrome and, rarely, by thrombocytopenia, anasarca, fever, reticulin fibrosis, and organomegaly (TAFRO) syndrome. This report presents the case of a 78-year-old male who presented with a hemorrhagic nodule on the tongue without any other systemic diseases. Microscopically, the lesion was a lobular proliferation extending from the lamina propria to muscular tissue. Read More

Minerva Dent Oral Sci 2022 Feb 4. Epub 2022 Feb 4.

Department of Biomedical and Dental Sciences, Morphological and Functional Images, Policlinico G. Martino, University of Messina, Messina, Italy -

Introduction: Mulliken and Glowacki introduced a simple classification in 1982 that was based on the clinical, hystochemical and cellular criteria to distinguish between the various vascular anomalies. They described two distinct entities - hemangiomas and vascular malformations. Numerous methods of treatment have been used such as cryotherapy, embolization, sclerotisation, cold scalpel and laser. Read More

Eur J Dermatol 2021 Dec;31(6):785-790

Dermatology Department, Hospital de la Santa Creu y Sant Pau, Barcelona, Spain.

Background: Oral propranolol accelerates the involution of infantile haemangiomas (IHs). However, it is not clear whether IHs treated with oral propranolol are associated with fewer sequelae than when left untreated.

Objectives: To quantify and describe sequelae associated with IHs treated with oral propranolol, and to explore whether treated IHs are associated with fewer sequelae than untreated IHs. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jan;101(4):e28329

Department of Spine Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, PR China.

Abstract: Propranolol (PROP) is a nonselective β-adrenergic receptor antagonist used to treat hypertension and cardiac arrhythmias. Oral administration of PROP has recently emerged as a new treatment modality for hemangiomas. However, the side effects of PROP at the cellular level have not been adequately described. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2022 Jan 18;10(1):e05300. Epub 2022 Jan 18.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences Sapienza University of Rome Rome Italy.

Hemangiomas are developmental vascular abnormalities that are common in the head and neck (60%), rare in the oral cavity, and uncommon in the tongue. A patient performed a multi-parametric MRI, which characterized the lesion of his tongue, providing relevant information for diagnostic, therapeutic orientation, and realization of slight aggressive surgery with consequent excellent recovery. Read More

Dermatol Surg 2022 May 19;48(5):586-588. Epub 2022 Jan 19.

Departments of Dermatology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.

Free Radic Res 2021 Oct 11;55(9-10):996-1004. Epub 2022 Jan 11.

Department of Biochemistry, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.

NADPH oxidase (Nox) 4 produces HO by forming a heterodimer with p22 and is involved in hemangioendothelioma development through monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) upregulation. Here, we show that Nox4 protein levels were maintained by p22 in hemangioendothelioma cells and Nox4 protein stability was dependent on p22 coexpression. Conversely, the degradation of Nox4 monomer was enhanced by p22 knockdown. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2022 Apr 12;36(4):610-614. Epub 2022 Jan 12.

Department of Pediatric Dermatology, Hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, Bordeaux, France.

Background: The long-term evolution of children with segmental facial infantile haemangioma (SFIH) treated with propranolol remains unstudied.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to evaluate the neurodevelopmental features of children with SFIH treated with propranolol at 6 years of age.

Methods: This retrospective case series study was conducted from January 2008 to June 2020 using data from medical files, patient examinations and appointments spanning 6 years. Read More