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Head Neck Pathol 2020 Mar 16. Epub 2020 Mar 16.

Department of Oral Medicine, Infection and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, 188 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02215, USA.

Benign alveolar ridge keratosis (BARK), the intraoral counterpart of cutaneous lichen simplex chronicus, is a reactive hyperkeratosis caused by trauma or friction that presents as a poorly demarcated white papule or plaque on the keratinized mucosa of the retromolar pad or alveolar ridge mucosa (often edentulous). This is a clinical and histopathologic analysis of BARK including evaluation of p53 expression in selected cases. One hundred and sixty-seven cases of BARK were identified from 2016 to 2017 and 112 (67. Read More

J Oral Biol Craniofac Res 2019 Jul-Sep;9(3):226-231. Epub 2019 May 20.

Department of Oral Pathology and Microbiology, Ragas Dental College and Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Objective: The coarse fibres of areca nut and the continuous friction from occluding teeth are major causes of mechanical stress to the oral mucosa in conditions like oral submucous fibrosis and frictional keratosis. The continuous micro trauma provided in areca nut chewers, creates an environment where the keratinocytes exhibit alteration. Loricrin, is expressed abundantly in keratinizing epithelium in response to mechanical stress. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2019 Sep 18;13(3):423-439. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Boston, MA, USA.

Leukoplakia and erythroplakia are two entities under the moniker of "oral potentially malignant disorders" that are highly associated with the presence of oral epithelial dysplasia (OED) at first biopsy, while lesions of submucous fibrosis develop OED after being present for years. Importantly, traumatic/frictional keratoses are often mistaken clinically for leukoplakia and it is important for the pathologist to recognize and report them as such. The features of OED have been well-described and other architectural features will be discussed here, in particular verrucous and papillary architecture, bulky epithelial proliferation and epithelial atrophy. Read More

Clin Exp Dermatol 2018 Jul 13;43(5):546-552. Epub 2018 Feb 13.

Department of Dermatology, Davis Medical Center, University of California-Davis, Sacramento, CA, USA.

Background: Lichen planus (LP) is a T-cell mediated autoimmune disorder of unknown aetiology that affects the skin, nails, oral and genital mucous membranes. Conventionally, oral LP (OLP) is diagnosed through clinical assessment and histopathological confirmation by oral biopsy.

Aim: To explore the use of time-resolved fluorescence spectroscopy (TRFS) to detect fluorescence lifetime changes between lesional OLP and perilesional normal mucosa. Read More

J Clin Diagn Res 2016 Feb 1;10(2):ZC38-41. Epub 2016 Feb 1.

Director, Dentomax Dental & Maxillofacial Solutions , Hyderabad, Telangana, India .

Introduction: White, non scrapable lesions are commonly seen in the oral cavity. Based on their history and clinical appearance, most of these lesions can be easily diagnosed, but sometimes diagnosis may go wrong. In order to arrive to a confirmative diagnosis, histopathological assessment is needed in many cases, if not all. Read More

Semin Cutan Med Surg 2015 Dec;34(4):161-70

Departments of Orofacial Sciences, Radiation Oncology, and Pathology, and the Helen Diller Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.

White lesions in the oral cavity are common and have multiple etiologies, some of which are also associated with dermatological disease. While most intraoral white lesions are benign, some are premalignant and/or malignant at the time of clinical presentation, making it extremely important to accurately identify and appropriately manage these lesions. Due to their similar clinical appearances, it may be difficult sometimes to differentiate benign white lesions from their premalignant/malignant counterparts. Read More

J N J Dent Assoc 2014 ;85(1):16, 20

Skinmed 2012 Mar-Apr;10(2):114-5

Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Biology, Jefferson Medical College of Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.

A 55-year-old man presented with desquamating lesions on his bilateral buccal mucosa intermittently for approximately 3 years. The alteration in texture within his mouth created an uncomfortable sensation and, at times, the lesions spontaneously peeled away requiring him to spit repeatedly. The patient denied any history of trauma, cheek biting, or use of tobacco products. Read More

J N J Dent Assoc 2012 ;83(1):13, 16

Ann Saudi Med 2009 Sep-Oct;29(5):365-8

Department of Maxillofacial Surgery and Diagnostic Sciences, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.

Background And Objectives: Few studies have been conducted in the Saudi population on oral mucosal lesions. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the type and extent of oral lesions in a study among dental patients at a college of dentistry in Saudi Arabia.

Patients And Methods: Over a 3-year period, 2552 dental outpatients were interviewed and investigated clinically for the presence of oral mucosal conditions. Read More

J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2009 Jan;67(1):140-6

Department of Oral Medicine, Infection, and Immunity, Harvard School of Dental Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA.

Purpose: Morsicatio mucosae oris (MMO) presents as white papules and plaques that may resemble leukoplakia, and are often biopsied. The objective of this study is to document the clinical features and histopathology of MMO and to reevaluate the prevalence of dysplasia and/or cancer when this frictional keratosis is removed from the category of leukoplakia.

Materials And Methods: Cases that were submitted to a single laboratory with a provisional diagnosis of "leukoplakia," "hyperkeratosis," or "white lesion" were evaluated. Read More