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Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Apr 6;31:124-130. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Department of Neurosciences, College of Medicine and Philippine General Hospital, University of the Philippines Manila, Manila, Philippines.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a rare disease that commonly presents with optic nerve and spinal cord inflammation, and it is associated with the presence of aquaporin-4 immunoglobulin G antibody (AQP4-IgG). Information on the clinical profile and occurrence of NMOSD among Filipino patients, however, is not sufficiently documented. In this series, we presented eighteen (18) patients with NMOSD consecutively seen in the Philippine General Hospital, a major tertiary referral center. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2019 Apr 24;54(2):242-246. Epub 2018 Aug 24.

Departments of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.; Departments of Neurology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Mich.

Objective: To determine the sensitivity of orbital magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in acute demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) in routine clinical practice, and the added value of a dedicated neuroradiology interpretation.

Design: Retrospective chart review.

Participants: Patients with clinically proven ON evaluated between 2004 and 2014 in the University of Michigan neuro-ophthalmology clinics. Read More

Neurology 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

From the Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic, Departments of Medicine, Clinical Research, and Biomedical Engineering (A. Papadopoulou, L.G., A. Pfister, C.T., M.H., L.K., T.S., S.M.), and Translational Imaging in Neurology (ThINK) Basel, Department of Medicine and Biomedical Engineering (A. Papadopoulou, L.G., A.A., C.T., S.M.), University Hospital Basel and University of Basel, Switzerland; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (NCRC) (A. Papadopoulou, A.U.B.), and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (A. Papadopoulou, A.U.B.), Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Medical Image Analysis Center (MIAC) (L.G., A.A., C.T., S.M.), Basel, Switzerland; Imeka Solutions (F.M.), Sherbrooke, Canada; Department of Neurology (A.U.B.), University of California Irvine; Cerebral Imaging Centre (M.M.C.), Douglas Mental Health University Institute; Departments of Psychiatry and Biomedical Engineering (M.M.C.), McGill University, Montreal; University of Sherbrooke (M.D.), Canada; and Department of Neurology (T.S.), DKD Helios Klinik Wiesbaden, Germany. The present address for L.G. is F. Hoffmann-La Roche, Basel, Switzerland.

Objective: To study if the thalamic lateral geniculate nucleus (LGN) is affected in multiple sclerosis (MS) due to anterograde degeneration from optic neuritis (ON) or retrograde degeneration from optic radiation (OR) pathology, and if this is relevant for visual function.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, LGN volume of 34 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 33 matched healthy controls (HC) was assessed on MRI using atlas-based automated segmentation (MAGeT). ON history, thickness of the ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL), OR lesion volume, and fractional anisotropy (FA) of normal-appearing OR (NAOR-FA) were assessed as measures of afferent visual pathway damage. Read More

Chin Med Sci J 2019 Mar;34(1):18-23

Department of Radiology, Hainan Hospital of Chinese PLA General Hospital, Sanya, Hainan 572013, China.

Objective To evaluate the optic nerve impairment using MRI histogram texture analysis in the patients with optic neuritis.Methods The study included 60 patients with optic neuritis and 20 normal controls. The coronal T2 weighted imaging (T2WI) with fat saturation and enhanced T1 weighted imaging (T1WI) were performed to evaluate the optic nerve. Read More

Rom J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):312-316

Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

To describe an infrequent instance of sphenoid sinus mucocele presenting as retrobulbar optic neuritis and highlight the value of imaging in the diagnosis and treatment plans. A woman aged 26 noted a sub-acute decrease in vision in the right eye, which mimicked optic neuritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated a large mass in the sphenoid sinus, which was in favor of mucocele. Read More

Case Rep Neurol Med 2019 12;2019:2576826. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Division of Neurology, Respirology, Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Miyazaki, Miyazaki, Japan.

We describe our encounter with a 39-year-old man who exhibited acute painless visual loss and progressive gait disturbance. He had tendinous xanthoma and several neuroophthalmological findings indicative of optic neuropathy in the right eye, including afferent pupillary defect, cecocentral scotoma, and optic disc swelling. Neurological examination showed cerebellar ataxia and pyramidal weakness. Read More

Brain 2019 Apr;142(4):903-915

University of Lille (UMR1171), Department of Neuroradiology, Roger Salengro Hospital, Lille, France.

In this study, we aimed to evaluate the association of asymptomatic optic nerve demyelinating lesion in patients presenting a clinically isolated syndrome with the asymptomatic retinal neuro-axonal loss previously reported at clinically isolated syndrome. We prospectively recruited 66 patients presenting a clinically isolated syndrome and 66 healthy control subjects matched according to age and gender. All patients underwent brain magnetic resonance imaging including 3D-double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence, optical coherence tomography examination and visual function evaluation, at 2. Read More

Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2019 Feb 19;6(2):222-232. Epub 2019 Jan 19.

Department of Neurology Johns Hopkins University Baltimore Maryland.

Objective: Optical coherence tomography (OCT)-derived measures of the retina correlate with disability and cortical gray matter atrophy in multiple sclerosis (MS); however, whether such measures predict long-term disability is unknown. We evaluated whether a single OCT and visual function assessment predict the disability status 10 years later.

Methods: Between 2006 and 2008, 172 people with MS underwent Stratus time domain-OCT imaging [160 with measurement of total macular volume (TMV)] and high and low-contrast letter acuity (LCLA) testing ( = 150; 87%). Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2019 Mar;55(3):174-179

Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG) antibody-positive optic neuritis (MOG-ON). Retrospective case series study. A total of 65 patients diagnosed with MOG-ON at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital during January 2016 and October 2017 were selected. Read More

Mult Scler J Exp Transl Clin 2019 Jan-Mar;5(1):2055217319828400. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

Ann Romney Center for Neurologic Disease, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Background: Optical coherence tomography (OCT) provides quantitative measures of retinal layer thickness. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for multiple sclerosis (MS) onset and disease severity: its effects on OCT metrics have not been assessed.

Objective: The objective of this study was to assess the effect of smoking history on retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) and ganglion cell-inner plexiform (GCIP) of MS patients by OCT. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 May 8;30:119-122. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, Guangxi, China.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). A typical finding on spinal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of NMOSD is longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (LETM). However, patients with NMOSD presenting with short-segment transverse myelitis (STM) during myelitis attacks associated with breast cancer are uncommon. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Clinical Research Department, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France.

Background: Acute optic neuritis (AON) is a common optic nerve disease leading to retrograde degeneration of optic nerve axons, reflected by thinning of the inner retinal layers on optical coherence tomography. On the contrary, acute macular neuroretinopathy (AMN) type 2 is a rare outer retinal disorder that leads to thinning of the outer nuclear layers and is diagnosed by multimodal imaging. The aim of this study was to report a new association between these two diseases. Read More

J Emerg Med 2019 Apr 10;56(4):417-420. Epub 2019 Feb 10.

Children's Emergency, KK Women's and Children's Hospital, Singapore.

Background: Headache and monocular visual disturbance are worrisome pediatric presenting complaints in the emergency department. Appropriate and timely initial evaluation is critical. Most would opt for urgent computer tomography in such cases. Read More

Med Clin North Am 2019 Mar 3;103(2):325-336. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Electronic address:

Autoimmune disorders of the central nervous system are common and often affect people in the most productive years of their lives. Among primary autoimmune diseases of the central nervous system, multiple sclerosis is most prevalent in the United States. Many other autoantibody-mediated neurologic syndromes have been identified within the past 2 to 3 decades, including neuromyelitis optica and anti-N-methyl-D aspartate receptor encephalitis. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2019 Jan 29:1-8. Epub 2019 Jan 29.

a Department of Ophthalmology , College of Medicine , Abant Izzet Baysal University , Bolu , Turkey.

Objective: To evaluate the thickness of choroid and retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients with and without optic neuritis using enhanced depth imaging optical coherence tomography (EDI-OCT).

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, both eyes of 52 MS patients [n = 104 eyes; 62 eyes of MS patients without optic neuritis (MS-NON) and 42 eyes of MS patients with optic neuritis (MS-ON)] and only one eye of 36 healthy control subjects (n = 36 eyes) were evaluated. Complete ophthalmologic examination and EDI-OCT scanning were completed for all participants. Read More

Zhonghua Er Ke Za Zhi 2019 Feb;57(2):118-124

Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing 100034, China.

To explore clinical features and the effect of treatment of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) in childhood. Children who were hospitalized in Department of Pediatrics, Peking University First Hospital from January 2013 to June 2018 and meeting diagnostic criteria of NMOSD proposed by the International Panel for NMOSD Diagnosis in 2015 were summarized and followed up. The basic information, symptoms of each attack, locations and patterns of new lesions, features of cerebrospinal fluid, serologic markers, treatments and outcomes in these patients were analyzed. Read More

Noro Psikiyatr Ars 2018 ;55(Suppl 1):S37-S40

Dokuz Eylul University Faculty of Medicine, Eye Diseases, İzmir, Turkey.

Visual dysfunction is one of the most common clinical manifestations of multiple sclerosis (MS). For example, optic neuritis is the onset symptom in 20% of patients with MS. Visual pathway impairment presents in most patients with MS, including patients who have not experienced optic neuritis. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2018 Aug 15;24(8). Epub 2018 Aug 15.

Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, Neural Sciences, University Hospital of Modena.

itor Title: Varicella zoster virus reactivation antedating ipsilateral brainstem stroke Authors: Giuliana Galassi1, Maurilio Genovese2, Marisa Meacci3, Marcella Malagoli2 Affiliations: 1Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, Neural Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, Italy, 2Neuroradiology Service, University Hospital of Modena, Italy, 3Department of Laboratory Medicine and Patholgy, Microbiology and Virology Unit, University Hospital of Modena, Italy Corresponding Author: Giuliana Galassi, MD, Department of Biomedical, Metabolic, Neural Sciences, University Hospital of Modena, Via P. Giardini 1455, Modena, Italy, Tel: 39-3497325802, Email: giulianagalassi46@gmail.com Abstract: Varicella zoster virus (VZV) infection and reactivation are associated with a number of neurologic conditions. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2019 May 11;97(3):e426-e434. Epub 2019 Jan 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.

Purpose: To analyse the clinical characteristics of simultaneous bilateral ON patients in China.

Methods: This retrospective study was done on 51 primary bilateral ON patients between April 2008 and July 2016 at the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital. Fifty eight primary unilateral ON patients formed the control group. Read More

Curr Eye Res 2019 Jan 9:1-6. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

a Wilmer Eye Institute , Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine , Baltimore , MD , USA.

Purpose: To evaluate artifacts in optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) images of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients and healthy controls.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective cross-sectional study conducted at the Department of Neurology and the Wilmer Eye Institute at Johns Hopkins Hospital. Subjects included patients with an established diagnosis of MS and healthy volunteers. Read More

Front Hum Neurosci 2018 20;12:473. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Department of Radiology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

Previous studies have revealed brain adaptations to injury that occurs in optic neuritis (ON); however, the mechanisms underlying the functional connectivity (FC) and gray matter volume (GMV) changes in ON have not been clarified. Here, 51 single attack ON patients and 45 recurrent attacks ON patients were examined using structural MRI and resting-state functional MRI (RS-fMRI), and compared to 49 age- and gender-matched healthy controls (HC). FC analysis with a seed in primary visual cortex (V1 area) was used to assess the differences among three groups. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 5;257(3):651-655. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To describe the incidence and timing of recurrence in patients with optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: Medical documents of adult patients with ON were retrospectively reviewed. The incidence and timing of recurrence of an ON episode were analyzed. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Feb 14;28:101-103. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

Mersin University, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Pediatric Neurology, Mersin, Turkey. Electronic address:

Background: Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibodies (MOG) may be used as a biomarker for diagnosis of many demyelinating diseases. Especially, patients of acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), multiple sclerosis (MS), aquaporin-4 (AQP4) seronegative neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD), monophasic or recurrent optic neuritis (ON), transverse myelitis and N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) receptor encephalitis (NMDARe) can overlap with Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein antibodies. We present a child with autoimmune encephalitis in whom antibodies against Myelin Oligodendrocyte Glycoprotein (MOG) and N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) were simultaneously detected. Read More

Expert Rev Neurother 2018 Dec 27:1-13. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

a NeuroCure Clinical Research Center , Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health , Berlin , Germany.

Introduction: Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is the most common chronic autoimmune neuroinflammatory condition in young adults. It is often accompanied by optic neuritis (ON) and retinal neuro-axonal damage causing visual disturbances. Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a sensitive non-invasive method for quantifying intraretinal layer volumes. Read More

JAMA Neurol 2018 Dec 21. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota.

Importance: Recognizing the characteristics of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein autoantibody (MOG-IgG) myelitis is essential for early accurate diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: To evaluate the clinical, radiologic, and prognostic features of MOG-IgG myelitis and compare with myelitis with aquaporin-4-IgG (AQP4-IgG) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design, Setting, And Participants: We retrospectively identified 199 MOG-IgG-positive Mayo Clinic patients from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2017, through our neuroimmunology laboratory. Read More

J Neurol 2019 May 19;266(5):1280-1286. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

Division of Psychological Medicine and Clinical Neurosciences, Cardiff University School of Medicine, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff, CF14 4XN, UK.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease (MOG-AD) is now recognised as a nosological entity with specific clinical and paraclinical features to aid early diagnosis. Although no age group is exempt, median age of onset is within the fourth decade of life, with optic neuritis being the most frequent presenting phenotype. Disease course can be either monophasic or relapsing, with subsequent relapses most commonly involving the optic nerve. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 7;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Ophthalmology, UC Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.

A 28-year-old Caucasian man developed sudden painless vision loss in the right eye. He was diagnosed with optic neuritis. MRI showed white matter lesions consistent with multiple sclerosis (MS), but no optic nerve enhancement. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK.

Papilloedema and raised intracranial pressure have been frequently reported with hypoparathyroidism, but very rarely optic neuritis. We report a case of a 54-year-old male patient who presented with classical optic neuritis which is believed to be secondary to primary hypoparathyroidism. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Neurology Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.

We report the case of a previously well 80-year-old man who presented with subacute bilateral painful optic neuropathy with initial response to corticosteroids but ultimately progressed to a fatal skull base syndrome. Initial presentation of steroid-responsive painful bilateral posterior optic neuropathy, preliminary normal enhanced MRI, normal cerebrospinal fluid and inflammatory markers indicated atypical optic neuritis. However, this progressed to a bilateral orbital apex syndrome with ophthalmoplegia and evidence of abnormal skull base enhancement on subsequent MRI. Read More

JAMA Neurol 2018 Dec 17. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia.

Importance: Diagnostic errors can lead to the initial misdiagnosis of optic nerve sheath meningiomas (ONSM), which can lead to vision loss.

Objective: To identify factors contributing to the initial misdiagnosis of ONSM.

Design, Setting, And Participants: We retrospectively reviewed 35 of 39 patients with unilateral ONSM (89. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Departments of Ophthalmology (MD, JW, CO), Neurology (MD, AEM), and Pathology (EL), Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, New York.

Background: To describe a case of optic neuropathy associated with intravascular lymphoma (IVL).

Methods: Case report and review of the literature.

Results: A case of asymmetric binocular vision loss is described, preceded by transient vision loss. Read More

Mult Scler 2018 Dec 3:1352458518815797. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Neurology, Roger Salengro Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France/Department of Neuroradiology, Roger Salengro Hospital, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France/UMR 1171, CHU Lille, University of Lille, Lille, France.

Background:: Optic nerve involvement is not considered in dissemination in space (DIS) or time (DIT) of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions.

Objectives:: To evaluate frequency of optic nerve involvement using three-dimensional (3D)-double inversion recovery (DIR) sequence in clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) and to measure its relationship with DIS and DIT (2010 and 2017 McDonald criteria).

Methods:: From November 2013 to August 2016, 57 CIS patients underwent 3T-magnetic resonance imaging (3T-MRI) including 3D-DIR sequence and optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 3 months after CIS. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;12(1):357. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 301B Cyberport 4, 100 Cyberport Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.

Background: Limbic encephalitis is characterized by rapid onset of working memory deficit, mood changes, and often seizures. The condition has a strong paraneoplastic association, but not all cases are invariably due to tumors.

Case Presentation: We present a case of limbic encephalitis in a Chinese patient who initially presented to our hospital with optic neuritis and no other neurological symptoms. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(48):e13100

Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), a rare, serious, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is associated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies targeting aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG). This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of 67 patients. 49 and 18 of 67 cases (male/female: 11/56) were AQP4-IgG (+) and AQP4-IgG (-), respectively. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Nov 30;12(1):356. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Austin Retina Associates, 801 W. 38th St, Suite 200, Austin, TX, 78705, USA.

Background: Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and inactivated poliovirus combined vaccine is widely used in young children as part of a series of immunizations before they start attending school. Case studies of demyelinating conditions following administration of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio vaccine have been reported, but none so far resulting in optic neuritis. This report further contributes to the database of central nervous system demyelinating conditions affiliated with receipt of vaccines. Read More

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2018 Dec 29;58(12):761-763. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Neurology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital.

We report a case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) that was diagnosed at the age of 90. After initially developing visual loss in the right eye, a patient was diagnosed with optic neuritis. Although treatment with methylprednisolone therapy provided relief, 3 months later she developed optic neuritis on the other side. Read More

J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):508-510

ICARE Eye Hospital and Postgraduate Institute, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India.

Purpose: To describe an unusual presentation of ocular cysticercosis and highlight the role of imaging in diagnosis.

Case Report: A 33-year-old female presented with loss of vision in her right eye and features suggesting optic neuritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits revealed a cystic lesion with peripheral rim enhancement in the optic nerve substance at the orbital apex. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 13;27:312-314. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Unit, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related spectrum disorders (MOG-SD) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, usually responsive to conventional immunosuppressive therapies. However, knowledge about treatment of non-responder patients is scarce.

Methods: We report on a 20-year-old MOG-SD patient who experienced clinical deterioration despite rituximab-induced B-cell depletion. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2018 Nov 20;235(11):1242-1258. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany.

Retinal changes and visual symptoms are present in several inflammatory, degenerative and tumorous disorders of the central nervous system (CNS). Optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a method that can be used in clinical practice to detect and quantify the structural correlates of these visual symptoms in neurological disorders. OCT is a non-invasive imaging technique, based on interferometry, which can create high-resolution images of the retina and measure the thickness and volume of the different retinal layers. Read More

Ophthalmic Surg Lasers Imaging Retina 2018 11;49(11):897-900

The authors present the first case of macular hole (MH) after a single inhalation of poppers. A 13-year-old girl presented with vision loss in the left eye (OS). Pediatric and neurology exams were normal. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Mar 16;61:48-53. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Department, Muratpasa, 07050 Antalya, Turkey.

Acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis is frequently the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to discuss the value of color vision testing to detect possible optic nerve involvement in patients with MS who had no history of optic neuritis. We evaluated color vision with Farnsworth-Munsell 100 (FM-100) hue test. Read More

Immunology 2019 Mar 27;156(3):259-269. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

MS Clinic, Department of Neurology, Rigshospitalet Glostrup, University of Copenhagen, Glostrup, Denmark.

Mouse models of multiple sclerosis (MS) have shown the importance of interleukin-10 (IL-10) -producing regulatory B (Breg) cells in dampening disease activity and inhibiting disease initiation and progression. In MS and other autoimmune diseases decreased frequency and functionality of Breg cells correlate with disease activity and the percentage of IL-10-producing Breg cells decreases during relapse and normalizes in remission. Optic neuritis (ON) is a common first clinical manifestation of MS and IL-10-producing Breg cells may be crucial in the transition from ON to MS, we therefore investigate the frequency and function of Breg cells in ON as a clinical model of early demyelinating disease. Read More

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Feb 13;14(2):226-229. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, Stanford University School of Medicine, 300 Pasteur Drive, Room S-047, Stanford, CA 94305-5105, USA.

Malignant optic glioma presents a clinical and diagnostic challenge, as early imaging findings overlap with other more common causes of optic nerve enhancement and enlargement, potentially leading to delay in diagnosis. This rare diagnosis carries an extremely poor prognosis, with death usually occurring within 1 year. We present a case of malignant optic glioma that was initially diagnosed as optic neuritis and central retinal vein occlusion, and we emphasize the importance of serial imaging and definitive biopsy to promote early diagnosis and treatment of this entity. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 13;27:289-293. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Neurology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Sarjapura Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India.

Introduction: HIV Infection associated NMOSD (HIV-NMOSD) is a recently recognized entity. Management of patients with HIV-NMOSD is a challenge. Here we report our own experience of HIV-NMOSD along with a complete review of all the cases of HIV-NMOSD reported in literature. Read More

Brain Dev 2019 Apr 15;41(4):367-372. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan.

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG Abs) are frequently detected in pediatric acquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS), and MOG-Ab-positive ADS differs from multiple sclerosis (MS) and aquaporin-4 (AQP4)-Ab-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) in terms of age distribution, therapeutic response, and prognosis.

Methods: Based on medical records, we retrospectively evaluated patients with MOG-Ab-positive NMOSD treated in the acute phase who were followed up in the chronic phase at our hospital from January 2011 to December 2017.

Results: The patients comprised two boys and two girls aged 3-12 (median, 8) years. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Jan 16;266(1):148-156. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany.

Background And Aim: Optic neuritis (ON) is a frequent manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS), traditionally diagnosed clinically and by visually evoked potentials (VEP). However, ON can also be assessed by MRI. Here we compare the diagnostic performance of 3D-double inversion recovery-MRI (3D-DIR) and VEPs in patients with definite MS or clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 5;27:260-268. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Ul. Czerniakowska 231, Warsaw 00-416, Poland.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with axonal degeneration as major determinant of neurological disability. Assessment of unmyelinated retinal nerve fibers using optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be useful for diagnosing the onset and rate of progression of neurodegeneration.

Objective: To assess the incidence and severity of damage of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in two different MS subtypes: non-progressive [Prog(-)MS] and progressive [Prog(+)MS]. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 30;27:254-259. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Neurology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Xinjiekou No. 31 East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China. Electronic address:

Objective: The aims of this study were to report brain characteristic abnormalities and to evaluate the relationship of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain lesions in Chinese patients with NMOSD.

Methods: Brain magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) laboratory tests of 121 patients with NMOSD at acute attack were reviewed retrospectively. Qalb (CSF albumin/serum albumin) was used for assessment of disruption of BBB. Read More

Pediatr Neurol 2018 Dec 21;89:49-57. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Government Medical College Trivandrum, Kerala, India.

Objective: We studied the long-term outcome of Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM).

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study among children diagnosed with ADEM (fulfilling IPMSSG criteria). Major outcome variables were motor deficit, scholastic underperformance, and behavioral abnormality. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 2;27:200-202. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Isfahan University of medical science, Isfahan, Iran.

Tumors have been frequently reported to be associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Here we review a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with complaint of one-sided visual loss. All Lab tests exhibited negative results which decreased the possibility of Auto-immune or neuro-inflammatory disorders. Read More