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Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 Jun 25;44:102337. Epub 2020 Jun 25.

Faculty of Medicine of the University of Porto, Portugal; Department of Neurology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Porto, Portugal. Electronic address:

Background: Optic neuropathies (ON) have several aetiologies and sometimes the diagnosis established ab initio is redefined after further investigations and/or new neurological events. We aim with this study to report clinical, paraclinical findings, treatment choices and disease course in patients admitted with a suspicion of acute or subacute optic neuropathy and to explore the diagnosis redefinition during follow-up and evaluate possible predictive factors that may influence that change.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 156 patients with ON admitted to the ward of our Neurology Department, between January 2004 and August 2019. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2020 Jun 24;196:106047. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Division of Neurology, Department of Medicine, Amiri Hospital, Sharq, Kuwait. Electronic address:

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system that predominantly targets optic nerves and spinal cord. Studies of NMOSD are scarce in the Middle East.

Objective: To evaluate the MRI characteristics of NMOSD patients in Kuwait. Read More

Eur Neurol 2020 Jun 22:121-128. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Centre for Child Development - Neuropediatrics Unit, Hospital Pediátrico, Centro Hospitalar e Universitário de Coimbra, Coimbra, Portugal.

Introduction: Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammation of the optic nerve that can be associated with a multitude of different systemic conditions and primary CNS disorders. In children, only around 25% of unilateral ON cases are considered idiopathic. Despite being considered a clinical diagnosis per se, neuroimaging plays a crucial role in the diagnostic pathway for these patients. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2020 May 26;27:102293. Epub 2020 May 26.

Athinoula A. Martinos Center for Biomedical Imaging, Department of Radiology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Harvard-MIT Division of Health Sciences and Technology, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: White matter damage in the visual pathway is common in multiple sclerosis (MS) and is associated with retinal thinning, although the underlying mechanism of association remains unclear. The goal of this work was to evaluate the presence and extent of white matter tract integrity (WMTI) alterations in the optic radiation (OR) in people with MS and to investigate the association between WMTI metrics and retinal thinning in the eyes of MS patients without a history of optic neuritis (ON) as measured by optical coherence tomography (OCT). We hypothesized that WMTI metrics would reflect axonal damage that occurs in the OR in MS, and that axonal alterations revealed by WMTI would be associated with retinal thinning. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2020 Jun 20;17(1):196. Epub 2020 Jun 20.

Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology, Biomedical Center and University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Marchioninistraße 15, 81377, Munich, Germany.

Background: Neurological manifestations and the co-occurrence of multiple sclerosis (MS) have been reported in patients with autoinflammatory diseases (AID) and variants of the NLRP3-, MEFV-, or TNFRSF1A gene. However, type and frequency of neurological involvement are widely undetermined.

Methods: We assessed clinical characteristics of 151 (108 with MS) patients carrying NLRP3-, MEFV- and TNFRSF1A low-penetrance variants  from the Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 May 28;44:102208. Epub 2020 May 28.

Department of Neurology. Hospital Carlos Andrade Marín. Address: Avenida 18 de Septiembre y Ayacucho. Quito, Ecuador. Electronic address:

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a complex disease characterized by a severe inflammation of the central nervous system (CNS). This disease typically manifests with recurrent optic neuritis (ON) and acute transverse myelitis (ATM). The clinical and radiological spectrum of NMOSD is little known in Latin America (LATAM) and few reports have been published in the literature so far. Read More

Mult Scler 2020 Jun 16:1352458519895444. Epub 2020 Jun 16.

Department of Internal Medicine, Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France.

An 87-year-old man presented with a 2-day history of painful bilateral visual loss. On examination, exophthalmos, lid edema, chemosis, and optic disc edema, on the left side only, were found. Visual acuity was 4/10 OD and no light perception OS. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 May 21;43:102187. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Radiology, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China. Electronic address:

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune, demyelinating disorder, accompanied by abnormal spontaneous activity of the brain and impairment of the retina and optic nerve. Functional connectivity density (FCD) map, a graph theory method, was applied to explore the functional connectivity alterations of brian in NMOSD patients and investigate the alterations of FCD to the structural and microvascular changes around the optic nerve head (ONH).

Methods: Nineteen NMOSD patients and 22 healthy controls (HCs) were included in our study. Read More

Pol J Radiol 2020 7;85:e67-e81. Epub 2020 Feb 7.

Department of Radiology, Kobe University School of Medicine, Kobe, Japan.

The optic nerve is morphologically classified as a peripheral nerve, but histologically it shares characteristics with the central nerves. Diseases that affect vision and the optic nerve are many and varied: optic neuritis, demyelination (multiple sclerosis, acute disseminated encephalomyelitis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, and myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related disorders), drugs, collagen disease, vasculitis, infection, trauma, vascular abnormalities, tumours, and non-tumoural masses. In this review, we summarise the magnetic resonance imaging findings for various pathological conditions that cause deterioration in visual acuity. Read More

Semin Ultrasound CT MR 2020 Jun 10;41(3):319-331. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Division of Neuroradiology, Department of Radiology, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC; Biomedical Research Imaging Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC. Electronic address:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a rare and chronic disabling autoimmune astrocytopathy of the central nervous system. Current advances regarding aquaporin-4 antibody function facilitate the understanding of clinical manifestations and imaging findings beyond optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The current definition of NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD) includes both aquaporin-4-IgG seropositive and seronegative patients who present with characteristic findings. Read More

Medicina (B Aires) 2020 ;80(3):275-279

Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases are inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by severe demyelination and immunomediated axonal damage that mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. They usually appear at an early age, although there are some reports in the literature of patients with late presentations. We present the case of a 78-year-old woman who consulted for severe paraparesis, sensory disorders, and urinary retention. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China

Aims: To compare macular structure and vasculature between neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) using optical coherence tomography angiography.

Methods: NMOSD patients (n=124) with/without a history of optic neuritis (ON) (NMO+ON: 113 eyes; NMO-ON: 95 eyes), glaucomatous patients (n=102) with early/advanced glaucoma (G-E: 74 eyes; G-A: 50 eyes) and healthy controls (n=62; 90 eyes) were imaged. The main outcome measures were macular ganglion cell-inner plexiform layer (GC-IPL) thickness, vessel density (VD) and perfusion density (PD) in the superficial capillary plexus, and diagnostic capabilities of the parameters as calculated by area under the curve (AUC). Read More

Ann Neurol 2020 May 19. Epub 2020 May 19.

Optometry and Visual Sciences, City, University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Objective: Peripapillary hyper-reflective ovoid masslike structures (PHOMS) are a new spectral domain optical coherence tomography (OCT) finding.

Methods: This prospective, longitudinal study included patients (n = 212) with multiple sclerosis (MS; n = 418 eyes), 59 healthy controls (HCs; n = 117 eyes), and 267 non-MS disease controls (534 eyes). OCT and diffusion tensor imaging were used. Read More

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2020 Jul 18;7(4). Epub 2020 May 18.

From the Buffalo Neuroimaging Analysis Center (E.T., D.J., J.H., O.O., N.B., M.G.D., R.Z.), Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; IRCCS (N.B.), Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi, Milan, Italy; Neurologic Clinic and Policlinic (J.K., C.B., Z.M., N.L.), Departments of Medicine, Biomedicine and Clinical Research, University Hospital Basel, University of Basel, Switzerland; Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences (M.R.), Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, State University of New York; Novartis Pharma AG (D.T., H.K., D.L.), Basel, Switzerland; Jacobs MS Center (R.H.B.B., B.W.-G.), Department of Neurology, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, and Center for Biomedical Imaging at Clinical Translational Science Institute (R.Z.), University at Buffalo, State University of New York.

Objective: To study the association between serum neurofilament light chain (sNfL) and multiple optical coherence tomography (OCT) measures in patients with MS and healthy controls (HCs).

Methods: In this prospective study, 110 patients with MS were recruited, together with 52 age- and sex-matched HCs. Clinical evaluation and spectral domain OCT and sNfL were obtained at baseline and after 5. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2020 May 18;20(1):195. Epub 2020 May 18.

Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.

Background: Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON) is a maternally inherited mitochondrial disease, characterized by acute or subacute, painless, bilateral visual loss. LHON is often misdiagnosed as optic neuritis at an early stage because of the similarity of their clinical presentation. To date, there has been no reported case of actual optic neuritis and LHON in one patient. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 May 12. Epub 2020 May 12.

Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Hospital, Palacký University Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.

Purpose: Optic neuritis (ON) is an inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the optic nerve, which can be the first manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). The main goal was to assess changes in the retinal nerve fibre layer (RNFL) and in retinal oxygen saturation [arterial (AS), venous (VS) and arterio-venous (A-V) difference] in the affected and unaffected eye.

Methods: Fifty patients with ON due to MS within 3 months of onset of symptoms were enrolled (17 males, mean age 35. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2020 May 6. Epub 2020 May 6.

Department of Ophthalmology, Kitasato University, 1-15-1, Kitasato, Minami-ku, Sagamihara, Kanagawa, 252-0374, Japan.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to determine the importance and efficacy of the standard coronal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) analysis method for the correct clinical diagnosis of the sagging eye syndrome.

Methods: This retrospective study evaluated the standard coronal MRI efficacy by comparing the positions of the orbital pulleys and extraocular muscles in patients with sagging eye syndrome as well as controls. The participants included 50 patients with sagging eye syndrome (aged 73. Read More

Sisli Etfal Hastan Tip Bul 2019 20;53(4):437-440. Epub 2019 Nov 20.

Department of Ophthalmology, Selcuk University Faculty of Medicine, Konya, Turkey.

Chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION) is a form of recurrent, isolated, subacute optic neuropathy. A 33-year-old female presented at an outpatient clinic with a pain-ful reduction of vision in the left eye that had developed 10 days earlier. The patient provided a background history of 5 similar attacks over the past 5 years. Read More

Neurol Sci 2020 Apr 30. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Neurodegenerative Diseases Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via F. Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.

Background: Neurodegenerative processes are present since the early stages of multiple sclerosis (MS), constituting the primary substrate of disability. As part of the CNS, retinal damage could be considered a reliable prognostic biomarker of neurodegeneration in MS.

Objectives: To characterize longitudinal changes in the retinal layers' thickness and to investigate correlations between retinal atrophy and other prognostic biomarkers, i. Read More

Eur Radiol 2020 Apr 26. Epub 2020 Apr 26.

NeuroCure Clinical Research Center, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Charitéplatz 1, 10117, Berlin, Germany.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate optic chiasm (OC) measures as potential imaging marker for anterior optic pathway damage assessment in the context of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).

Materials And Method: This cross-sectional study included 39 patients exclusively with aquaporin 4-IgG seropositive NMOSD of which 25 patients had a history of optic neuritis (NMOSD-ON) and 37 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC). OC heights, width, and area were measured using standard 3D T1-weighted MRI. Read More

Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2020 Apr 15. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Children's Hospital Datteln, University Witten/Herdecke, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Bilateral optic neuritis (bilON) is a rare clinical presentation often thought to be associated with relapsing disorders such as neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) or multiple sclerosis (MS).

Objective: To characterize the clinical, radiological phenotype and antibody status of children presenting with bilON.

Material And Methods: Retrospective multicenter study on children with bilON age <18 years with a first episode aquired demyelinating syndrome (ADS), cMRI, AQP4- and serum MOG-antibody status and follow-up data were collected. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2020 Jun 8;18:100696. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

Department of Ophthalmology & Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Purpose: To report the findings determined by multimodal imaging in an eye with secondary vitreoretinal lymphoma (VRL) with optic neuritis and retinal vasculitis.

Observation: The case was a 71-year-old woman with a secondary VRL exhibiting optic neuritis and retinal vasculitis in her right eye. Color fundus photographs and fluorescein angiograms showed optic neuritis and vasculitis in the posterior pole of the right eye. Read More

Zhongguo Dang Dai Er Ke Za Zhi 2020 Apr;22(4):368-373

Department of Neurology, Children's Hospital, Capital Institute of Pediatrics, Beijing 100020, China.

Objective: To study the clinical features and treatment outcome of children with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated disorders (MOGAD).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was performed for the clinical data of 28 children with MOGAD (with 38 demyelinating episodes).

Results: Among the disease spectrums of 28 children with MOGAD, optic neuritis was the most common (12 cases, 43%), followed by acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (9 cases, 32%). Read More

Brain 2020 Apr;143(4):1127-1142

Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany.

Chronic disability in multiple sclerosis is linked to neuroaxonal degeneration. 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) is used and licensed as a symptomatic treatment to ameliorate ambulatory disability in multiple sclerosis. The presumed mode of action is via blockade of axonal voltage gated potassium channels, thereby enhancing conduction in demyelinated axons. Read More

Acta Neurol Taiwan 2020 Mar;29(1):1-4

Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disease characterized mainly by the involvement of the spinal cord and optic nerve. Clinical studies have identified the disease progression as the most important red flag. Previous researches showed that only 2% of patients with neuromyelitis optica experience a progressive course. Read More

PLoS One 2020 6;15(4):e0224419. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.

Objective: To investigate the difference of fatigue and pain in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Data from the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and Pain Effects Scale (PES) were compared between 51 NMOSD and 85 MS patients. Each score was compared in each disease group with or without clinical abnormalities. Read More

J Neuroophthalmol 2020 Mar 31. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Ruiz Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science (AM, IFB, AGM, AG, O-OOA), McGovern Medical School at the University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas; Robert Cizik Eye Clinic (AM, AG, O-OOA), Houston, Texas; Departments of Ophthalmology (JJC) and Neurology (JJC), Mayo Medical School, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Imaging (JC), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, Texas; Department of Neurology (O-OOA), McGovern Medical School at UTHealth, Houston, Texas.

Mult Scler 2020 Mar 31:1352458520907909. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Department of Neurology, Northwick Park Hospital, London North West University Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK/Queen Square MS Centre, Department of Neuroinflammation, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, UK.

The cardinal features of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) are optic neuritis, longitudinal extensive transverse myelitis and area postrema syndrome. Olfactory dysfunction is not listed as a feature in the NMOSD diagnostic criteria. Here, we present an aquaporin-4 antibody positive patient who, in addition to classical features of NMOSD, developed acute anosmia with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) evidence of olfactory bulb abnormalities. Read More

Ophthalmol Ther 2020 Jun 21;9(2):215-220. Epub 2020 Mar 21.

Ophthalmology Department, University Hospitals Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.

This article, co-authored by a patient affected by bilateral, recurrent, atypical optic neuritis, and clinicians, discusses the mental burden of living with uncertainty and the possibility of further sight loss, along with the side effects of treatment. The patient shares some of the challenges, coping strategies, and the value they found in creating and participating in a patient support group. The physicians consider whether current clinical measures adequately capture the outcomes that matter to patients and discuss the role for patient-reported outcome measures (PROMs). Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Mar;100(9):685-689

Department of Neurology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou 510120, China.

To investigate the clinical characteristics, treatment and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated optic neuritis (MOG-ON) in pediatric patients. Clinical data, laboratory examination, the initial best corrected visual acuity (BCVA), fundus, neuroelectrophysiological results, MRI imaging, treatment and prognosis of children diagnosed with MOG-ON from 2016 to 2019 were retrospectively analyzed. A total of 29 eyes from 16 children were involved, with a male/female ratio of 1∶1, onset age of (7. Read More

Front Neurol 2020 26;11:89. Epub 2020 Feb 26.

Department of Clinical Neurological Sciences, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada.

Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-immunoglobulin G (MOG-IgG)-related disease was initially described as a subtype of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with antibodies against MOG. However, it has recently been described as a separate disease entity with clinical and radiological features that overlap those of multiple sclerosis (MS) and NMOSD; the clinical features of this disease phenotype remain undetermined. We herein report the clinical presentation of nine MOG-IgG-positive patients, not all of whom fulfill the NMOSD criteria, in order to highlight the features and challenges of this condition. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 Jan 5;37:101432. Epub 2019 Oct 5.

Department of Computer Science, Chengdu University of Information Technology, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a disease characterised by severe relapses of optic neuritis and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis and it has a strong female predilection. Pain is one of the most typical symptom in NMO. However, few studies have been conducted to examine the neuropathic pain mechanism of NMO patients or gender-specific effects using magnetic resonance imaging technique. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 01 2;37:101875. Epub 2019 Dec 2.

Mult Scler 2020 Mar 12:1352458520910496. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Objective: To assess comprehension and application of the McDonald criteria.

Background: Studies suggest that knowledge gaps for specific core elements of the McDonald criteria may contribute to multiple sclerosis (MS) misdiagnosis.

Methods: Neurology residents (NR) and multiple sclerosis specialists (MSS) in North America completed a web-based survey. Read More

Doc Ophthalmol 2020 Mar 10. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

University Eye Clinic, Grablovičeva 46, 1000, Ljubljana, Slovenia.

Purpose: Chromatic visual evoked potentials (cVEP) primarily reflect the parvocellular visual pathway function, which has been shown to be predominantly affected in demyelinating disease (DD). The purpose of this study was to evaluate cVEP responses and to compare them with other structural and functional findings in young patients with DD.

Methods: Thirty patients (8-28 years of age) with DD with or without a history of optic neuritis (ON) were investigated. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2020 Apr 5;95(4):192-195. Epub 2020 Mar 5.

Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Instituto de Investigación Marqués de Valdecilla (IDIVAL), Santander, España.

A 21-year-old woman seen in this clinic with non-reactive mydriasis in the right eye that contracted with 1% pilocarpine. Cranial angio-CT and 1.5 T magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) did not detect any disease. Read More

Neurol Neuroimmunol Neuroinflamm 2020 May 2;7(3). Epub 2020 Mar 2.

From the fMRI Unit (Y.B., I.B.-S., N.L.), Neurology Department, Hadassah-Hebrew University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel; Experimental and Clinical Research Center (J.K., N.S., A.B., F.P.), Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine and Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center (J.K., N.S., M.S., A.B., F.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health; Department of Neurology (J.K., K.R., F.P.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany; Department of Neuroradiology (M.S.), Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Germany; and Department of Neurology (A.B.), University of California, Irvine.

Objective: To differentiate between visual cortical network topology changes following optic neuritis (ON) stemming from different inflammatory disease types, we used mathematical graph theory-based tools to analyze functional imaging data.

Methods: Sixty-two patients were recruited into this cross-sectional study, 23 of whom had neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) with ON, 18 with clinically isolated syndrome (CIS)-ON, and 21 with other CIS episodes. Twenty-six healthy controls (HCs) were also recruited. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2020 Apr 24;237(4):458-463. Epub 2020 Feb 24.

Department of Ophthalmology, Cantonal Hospital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Switzerland.

Background: Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG-IgG) have been consistently found in a range of demyelinating disorders. In this context, MOG-IgG-associated optic neuritis (ON) has been suggested as a new subset of optic neuropathy. However, clinical manifestations and distinctive characteristics have only rarely been described. Read More

Neuroophthalmology 2020 Feb 20;44(1):60-62. Epub 2019 Dec 20.

Department of Neuro-ophthalmology, University Hospitals Birmingham NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.

A key theme of the United Kingdom Neuro-ophthalmology Superheroes Day was to address emerging topics in Neuro-Ophthalmology and the meeting included speakers from around the world. Rapid cases introduced topics which included non-arteritic anterior ischaemic optic neuropathy, imaging in optic nerve disorders, paediatric optic neuritis, mitochondrial disorders and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Feb;100(5):328-333

Department of Neurology, the Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yet-sen University, Guangzhou 510630, China.

To investigate the magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) characteristics in the brain and spinal cord of Chinese patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies associated diseases (MOGAD). Forty nine MOGAD patients with seropositive MOG-IgG and 58 AQP4-IgG positive patients were enrolled in this study. The characteristics of brain and spinal cord MRI were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 May 1;40:101979. Epub 2020 Feb 1.

Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, No. 37 Guoxue Road, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People's Republic of China. Electronic address:

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is a relapsing, demyelinating, inflammatory disease associated with aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody in the central nervous system. Ankylosing spondylitis (AS), which is closely associated with leukocyte antigen B27 (HLA-B27), is a chronic inflammatory disease that primarily affects the axial skeleton. We describe the case of a 46-year-old Chinese female, with one-year history of optic neuritis, was admitted to our hospital with a complaint of bilateral lower limbs and perineum numbness for one month. Read More

Retin Cases Brief Rep 2020 Feb 3. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Department of Ophthalmology and Vision Sciences, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Purpose: To report a case of a 38-year-old woman with venous stasis retinopathy secondary to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG optic neuritis.

Methods: Observational case report.

Results: We report a unique case of venous stasis retinopathy secondary to myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein-IgG optic neuritis with significant optic disc edema, tortuous and dilated retinal venules, and retinal hemorrhages, which resolved promptly with high-dose corticosteroids. Read More

Front Neurosci 2019 14;13:1362. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

China-USA Neuroimaging Research Institute, Department of Radiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital & Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Purpose: To investigate the mechanisms underlying the gray matter volume (GMV) and functional connectivity (FC) changes in aquaporin-4 antibody-positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients.

Methods: This cross-sectional study consisted of 21 patients with aquaporin-4 antibody-positive NMOSD and 22 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. All participants underwent cerebral magnetic resonance imaging and testing each individual's visual acuity was done. Read More

Open Access Maced J Med Sci 2019 Oct 14;7(20):3433-3436. Epub 2019 Oct 14.

Department of Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Jalan Bunga Lau No. 17, Medan Tuntungan, Kota Medan, Sumatera Utara-20136, Indonesia.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease that causes severe demyelination, especially in the optic nerve and spinal cord with typical clinical manifestations of acute optic neuritis and transverse myelitis. The symptoms can occur simultaneously or separated by a variable period. NMOSD is associated with serum aquaporin antibodies 4 immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG). Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020 27;53:e20190160. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating autoimmune neuropathic condition characterized by extensive bilateral and confluent lesions in the cerebral white matter and cerebellum. The basal ganglia and gray matter may also be involved. In most cases, the symptoms are preceded by viral infection or vaccination. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2019 Sep;58(3):550-555

1Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia.

Acute optic neuritis has the age and sex adjusted incidence of 1-5/100,000 in general population. It is mostly a disorder affecting young Caucasian women (31-32 years). Patients present to a wide range of clinicians including general practitioner, emergency physician, ophthalmologist, neurologist, etc. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020 Jan/Feb;44(1):47-52

Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University.

Purpose: The discrimination between neuromyelitis optica (NMO)- and multiple sclerosis (MS)-related acute optic neuritis (ON) after the first presentation is difficult in clinical practice. Through a comparison with diffusion-weighted imaging using readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (RESOLVE-DWI), our aim was to determine the feasibility of diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) for differential diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Orbital DKI and RESOLVE-DWI in a 3. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2020 Jan 14:1120672119899900. Epub 2020 Jan 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To demonstrate macular and optic disk vessel changes by optical coherence tomography angiography during and after a migraine attack with aura.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 34-year-old healthy female patient was evaluated by optical coherence tomography angiography imaging during visual aura with phosphenes in the left visual field. Read More

J Neurol 2020 Apr 13;267(4):1197-1205. Epub 2020 Jan 13.

Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, 2 Yinghua Dongjie, Hepingli, Beijing, 100029, China.

Objective: To clarify the existence of monophasic neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) and to identify predictive factors of long-term relapse-free form.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed 289 Chinese patients with NMOSD. Selected subjects were divided into three groups based on the time interval between disease onset and the first relapse, if any. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2020 May 11;40(5):1319-1329. Epub 2020 Jan 11.

Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Abu Dhabi, Al Maryah Island, PO Box 112412, Abu Dhabi, UAE.

Purpose: To review the multimodal imaging patterns of posterior syphilitic uveitis.

Methods: A systematic review.

Results: The percentage of syphilis has started to increase again: The World Health Organization has reported 12 million new cases of syphilis each year. Read More