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Rom J Ophthalmol 2018 Oct-Dec;62(4):312-316

Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

To describe an infrequent instance of sphenoid sinus mucocele presenting as retrobulbar optic neuritis and highlight the value of imaging in the diagnosis and treatment plans. A woman aged 26 noted a sub-acute decrease in vision in the right eye, which mimicked optic neuritis. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) indicated a large mass in the sphenoid sinus, which was in favor of mucocele. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Mar 6;19(1):36. Epub 2019 Mar 6.

Department of Neurology, Gansu Provincial Hospital, No. 204 of Donggang West Road, Lanzhou City, Gansu province, 730000, People's Republic of China.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is a severe inflammatory autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system and often results in paralysis or blindness. Rituximab (RTX) is a mouse-human chimeric monoclonal antibody specific for the CD20 antigen on B lymphocytes and used to treat many autoimmune diseases. Disability and relapses were measured using the Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and annualized relapse rate (ARR) ratio to evaluate the effectiveness of RTX. Read More

Zhonghua Yan Ke Za Zhi 2019 Mar;55(3):174-179

Department of Ophthalmology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, China.

To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein(MOG) antibody-positive optic neuritis (MOG-ON). Retrospective case series study. A total of 65 patients diagnosed with MOG-ON at the Department of Ophthalmology of the Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital during January 2016 and October 2017 were selected. Read More

Curr Opin Neurol 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Service de Neurologie, Sclérose en Plaques, Pathologies de la Myéline et Neuro-Inflammation, Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon.

Purpose Of Review: The clinical interest for auto-antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) has recently reemerged, with the use of more specific detection methods. Large national cohorts have allowed characterizing a more precise clinical spectrum delineated by the presence of human MOG-antibodies.

Recent Findings: In adults with MOG-antibodies, optic neuritis is the most frequent clinical presentation, with features different from multiple sclerosis (MS), including bilateral involvement and predilection for the anterior part of the optic nerve. Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb;33(1):82-90

Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: To describe the clinical characteristics and course of optic neuritis (ON) and its association with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS) in Korea.

Methods: In this retrospective case series, 125 eyes of 91 Korean patients with ON were included. The medical documents of adult patients with ON were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 May 4;30:85-93. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

Department of Neurology, National Institute of Mental Health & Neurosciences (NIMHANS), Bangalore, India.. Electronic address:

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an autoimmune astrocytopathic disorder due to AQP4 antibodies.

Objectives: To analyse clinical, neuroimaging features in NMO patients and assess the efficacy of various therapeutics.

Methods: AQP4+ve NMO patients were diagnosed based on consensus diagnostic criteria. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Feb;98(6):e14229

Department of Neurology, Peking University First Hospital.

Rationale: Detection of aquaporin-4 (AQP4) antibody in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) was not suggested for the diagnosis of neuromyelitis opica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). However, some patients with NMOSD have only AQP4 antibody positive in CSF but not in serum with unknown cause. Besides, it is rarely reported that NMOSD complicated with renal clear cell carcinoma. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Mar 25;61:22-27. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Neurology, Renji Hospital, School of Medicine, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Objective: The impact of vitamin D have been studied in neuroinflammation disorders, and as the newly discovered Th2-related cytokines, IL-25, IL-31 and IL-33 may also play important roles in the lesions of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). This study sought to investigate the clinical profiles of vitamin D and Th2 axis-related cytokines and their relationships in patients with NMOSD.

Methods: Eighty-four NMOSD patients and 84 healthy controls (HC) were evaluated for serum levels of the total vitamin D [25(OH)D], 25-hydroxyvitamin D2 [25(OH)D2] and 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 [25(OH)D3] by means of high performance liquid chromatographytandem mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS/MS). Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Feb 3;28:230-234. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Neuroimmunology Program, Institut d' Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer (IDIBAPS), Barcelona, Spain; Unitat de Neuroimmunologia-Esclerosi múltiple, Servei de Neurología, Hospital Clinic, and Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Objective: To determine the frequency and relevance of IgM, and IgA antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) in MOG-IgG-associated disease.

Methods: Evaluation of IgM, and IgA MOG antibodies in serum of 120 patients with MOG-IgG (53 pediatric and 67 adults), and 114 patients with seronegative-MOG-IgG (35 children with first demyelinating syndrome, 20 adults with clinically isolated syndrome, and 59 adults with other diseases). Antibodies were examined by cell-based assays. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 5;257(3):651-655. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Department of Neurology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To describe the incidence and timing of recurrence in patients with optic neuritis (ON).

Methods: Medical documents of adult patients with ON were retrospectively reviewed. The incidence and timing of recurrence of an ON episode were analyzed. Read More

J Neurol 2019 Apr 3;266(4):806-815. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Service de neurologie, sclérose en plaques, pathologies de la myéline et neuro-inflammation and Centre de référence pour les maladies inflammatoires rares du cerveau et de la moelle (MIRCEM), Hôpital Neurologique Pierre Wertheimer Hospices Civils de Lyon, 59 boulevard Pinel, BRON cedex, 69677, Lyon, France.

Objective: To analyze whether myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) titres at onset of the disease were different according to the clinical phenotype at presentation, and to investigate whether the titres were associated with risk of further relapses or predicted clinical outcome in adult patients. Finally, we assessed an alternative method to the classical measurement of MOG-Ab levels by serial dilutions.

Methods: This is a retrospective study including 79 MOG-Ab-positive adult patients, whose samples were obtained at first episode. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 22;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 22.

Department of Medicine, Divisions of Pulmonary, Critical Care Medicine and Infectious Diseases, Columbia, Missouri, USA.

A 49-year-old Caucasian woman presented with subacute headache and right eye pain associated with scotoma, blurred vision and photophobia. MRI was suggestive of optic neuritis of the right optic nerve and she was treated with steroids. Due to persistent symptoms, a lumbar puncture was performed and cerebrospinal fluid analysis was positive for venereal disease research laboratory and rapid plasma reagin titres. Read More

BMC Neurol 2018 Dec 21;18(1):216. Epub 2018 Dec 21.

Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101, Daehak-Ro Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 03080, Republic of Korea.

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein immunoglobulin G1 (MOG-IgG1)-associated disease is suggested as a separate disease entity distinct from multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. Nonetheless, the optimal treatment regimen for preventing relapses in MOG-IgG1-associated disease remains unclear.

Case Presentation: We describe the case of a 45-year-old man with MOG-IgG1-positive highly relapsing optic neuritis who had experienced 5 attacks over 21 months and had monocular blindness despite prednisolone and azathioprine therapy. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2019 Jan;67(1):163-164

Department of Ophthalmology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital; Department of Ophthalmology, The Royal Adelaide Hospital; The South Australian Institute of Ophthalmology, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.

Ophthalmic manifestations of multiple sclerosis are frequent including acute optic neuritis, ocular motor disturbances and intermediate uveitis. We report an unusual case of multiple sclerosis presenting as acute hypertensive uveitis. A 56-year-old man was referred by his family doctor with a 2-week history of right eye pain and decreased vision. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):6045-6056

Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to elucidate the role of folic acid (B9) deficiency in the development of nutritional optic neuritis and to characterize the neurophysiological consequences of optic nerve degeneration in the cortical visual system.

Methods: A combined behavioral and electrophysiological approach was applied to study luminance contrast sensitivity in two macaque monkeys affected by nutritional optic neuritis and in two healthy monkeys for comparison. For one monkey, a follow-up approach was applied to compare visual performance before onset of optic neuropathy, during the disease, and after treatment. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Dec 7;11(1). Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Ophthalmology, UC Davis, Sacramento, California, USA.

A 28-year-old Caucasian man developed sudden painless vision loss in the right eye. He was diagnosed with optic neuritis. MRI showed white matter lesions consistent with multiple sclerosis (MS), but no optic nerve enhancement. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, Doncaster and Bassetlaw Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Doncaster, UK.

Papilloedema and raised intracranial pressure have been frequently reported with hypoparathyroidism, but very rarely optic neuritis. We report a case of a 54-year-old male patient who presented with classical optic neuritis which is believed to be secondary to primary hypoparathyroidism. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Nov 28;11(1). Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Neurology Department, North Bristol NHS Trust, Bristol, UK.

We report the case of a previously well 80-year-old man who presented with subacute bilateral painful optic neuropathy with initial response to corticosteroids but ultimately progressed to a fatal skull base syndrome. Initial presentation of steroid-responsive painful bilateral posterior optic neuropathy, preliminary normal enhanced MRI, normal cerebrospinal fluid and inflammatory markers indicated atypical optic neuritis. However, this progressed to a bilateral orbital apex syndrome with ophthalmoplegia and evidence of abnormal skull base enhancement on subsequent MRI. Read More

Front Neurol 2018 30;9:1031. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Neurology Unit, Department of Pathophysiology and Transplantation (DEPT), Dino Ferrari Centre, Neuroscience Section, Foundation IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.

Common Variable Immunodeficiency (CVID) is a group of heterogeneous primary immunodeficiencies sharing defective B lymphocytes maturation and dysregulated immune response and resulting in impaired immunoglobulin production. Clinical picture encompasses increased susceptibility to infections, hematologic malignancies, inflammatory, and autoimmune diseases. Neurological manifestations are uncommon and optic neuritis has been previously reported only in one case with bilateral involvement. Read More

J Neurol Sci 2019 01 28;396:225-231. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, Military General Hospital of Beijing PLA, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Background And Objective: Adult demyelinating optic neuritis (ON) with positive myelin-oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-Ab) has distinct clinical features. This study aimed to investigate the point prevalence, relationship with steroid dependency and prognosis value of MOG-Ab in adult ON.

Methods: Clinical data analysis was undertaken in adults with ON admitted between December 2014 and January 2016. Read More

Neurol Sci 2019 Feb 1;40(2):385-391. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To examine the thiol-disulphide homeostasis during an optic neuritis episode in patients with multiple sclerosis and the relationship between this homeostasis and P100 wave latency.

Materials And Method: Visual evoked potential reviews of multiple sclerosis patients who presented with an optic neuritis episode were conducted and P100 latencies were measured. Peripheral blood samples were collected from all patients. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Dec 3;12(1):357. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 301B Cyberport 4, 100 Cyberport Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR.

Background: Limbic encephalitis is characterized by rapid onset of working memory deficit, mood changes, and often seizures. The condition has a strong paraneoplastic association, but not all cases are invariably due to tumors.

Case Presentation: We present a case of limbic encephalitis in a Chinese patient who initially presented to our hospital with optic neuritis and no other neurological symptoms. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(48):e13100

Department of Neurology, People's Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.

Introduction: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD), a rare, serious, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), is associated with immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies targeting aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG). This study retrospectively analyzed the clinical features of 67 patients. 49 and 18 of 67 cases (male/female: 11/56) were AQP4-IgG (+) and AQP4-IgG (-), respectively. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 28;27:392-396. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Neurology, New York University, New York, NY, USA.

Background: The 2015 criteria for diagnosing neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) have encouraged several groups across the world to report on their patients using these criteria. The disease typically manifests with severe relapses of optic neuritis, longitudinally extensive myelitis and/or brainstem syndromes, often leading to severe disability. Some patients are seropositive for antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4), others are positive for anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG), while a few are negative for both biomarkers. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Nov 30;12(1):356. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Austin Retina Associates, 801 W. 38th St, Suite 200, Austin, TX, 78705, USA.

Background: Diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and inactivated poliovirus combined vaccine is widely used in young children as part of a series of immunizations before they start attending school. Case studies of demyelinating conditions following administration of diphtheria, tetanus, pertussis, and polio vaccine have been reported, but none so far resulting in optic neuritis. This report further contributes to the database of central nervous system demyelinating conditions affiliated with receipt of vaccines. Read More

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2018 Dec 29;58(12):761-763. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Neurology, Hiroshima City Asa Citizens Hospital.

We report a case of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) that was diagnosed at the age of 90. After initially developing visual loss in the right eye, a patient was diagnosed with optic neuritis. Although treatment with methylprednisolone therapy provided relief, 3 months later she developed optic neuritis on the other side. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 13;27:312-314. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Neurosciences, Rehabilitation, Ophthalmology, Genetics, Maternal and Child Health Unit, Center of Excellence for Biomedical Research, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy; Ospedale Policlinico San Martino-IRCCS, Genoa, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-related spectrum disorders (MOG-SD) are a heterogeneous group of inflammatory demyelinating diseases of the central nervous system, usually responsive to conventional immunosuppressive therapies. However, knowledge about treatment of non-responder patients is scarce.

Methods: We report on a 20-year-old MOG-SD patient who experienced clinical deterioration despite rituximab-induced B-cell depletion. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2019 Mar 16;61:48-53. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Neurology Department, Muratpasa, 07050 Antalya, Turkey.

Acute idiopathic demyelinating optic neuritis is frequently the initial manifestation of multiple sclerosis (MS). We aimed to discuss the value of color vision testing to detect possible optic nerve involvement in patients with MS who had no history of optic neuritis. We evaluated color vision with Farnsworth-Munsell 100 (FM-100) hue test. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 13;27:289-293. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

Department of Neurology, St. John's Medical College Hospital, Sarjapura Road, Bengaluru, Karnataka 560034, India.

Introduction: HIV Infection associated NMOSD (HIV-NMOSD) is a recently recognized entity. Management of patients with HIV-NMOSD is a challenge. Here we report our own experience of HIV-NMOSD along with a complete review of all the cases of HIV-NMOSD reported in literature. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 22;2018:5381239. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Neurology, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100050, China.

Astrocytic impairment is a pathologic feature of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD). S100B and glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP) are the two most commonly used astrocytic markers. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether CSF-S100B could serve as a marker of NMOSD. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 5;27:260-268. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Ophthalmology, Medical Centre of Postgraduate Education, Ul. Czerniakowska 231, Warsaw 00-416, Poland.

Background: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) with axonal degeneration as major determinant of neurological disability. Assessment of unmyelinated retinal nerve fibers using optical coherence tomography (OCT) may be useful for diagnosing the onset and rate of progression of neurodegeneration.

Objective: To assess the incidence and severity of damage of the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) in two different MS subtypes: non-progressive [Prog(-)MS] and progressive [Prog(+)MS]. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 30;27:254-259. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Neurology, Beijing Jishuitan Hospital, Xinjiekou No. 31 East Street, Xicheng District, Beijing 100035, China. Electronic address:

Objective: The aims of this study were to report brain characteristic abnormalities and to evaluate the relationship of blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and brain lesions in Chinese patients with NMOSD.

Methods: Brain magnetic resonance imaging characteristics and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) laboratory tests of 121 patients with NMOSD at acute attack were reviewed retrospectively. Qalb (CSF albumin/serum albumin) was used for assessment of disruption of BBB. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 2;27:200-202. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Isfahan University of medical science, Isfahan, Iran.

Tumors have been frequently reported to be associated with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Here we review a case of a 34-year-old woman who presented with complaint of one-sided visual loss. All Lab tests exhibited negative results which decreased the possibility of Auto-immune or neuro-inflammatory disorders. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 3;27:195-199. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Neurosciences Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran. Electronic address:

Background And Purpose: Optic neuritis (ON) is a common clinical manifestation of Multiple Sclerosis (MS), which is associated with reduced visual acuity, blurred vision, blindness and retro-bulbar pain. In several studies, specific relations between optic nerve diameter and hemodynamics of the eye bulb arteries with ON have been reported. However, no consensus has been reached in this regard. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 26;27:179-183. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Neurology Department of Fann Teaching Hospital, BP 5035, Dakar, Senegal.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system. In Sub-Saharan Africa, publications are rare and deal with isolated cases. Our goal was to analyze the characteristics of NMO spectrum disorders in a Senegalese cohort compiled in Dakar. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 01 2;27:147-150. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Isfahan Eye Research Center (IERC), Feiz Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Department of Ophthalmology, Feiz Hospital, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Research Committee of Multiple Sclerosis (IRCOMS), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Isfahan Medical Students Research Center (IMSRC), Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address:

J Neuroinflammation 2018 Oct 31;15(1):302. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Neurology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, 101 Daehak-Ro, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.

Background: Key clinical features of chronic relapsing inflammatory optic neuropathy (CRION) include relapsing inflammatory optic neuritis (ON) and steroid dependency, both of which have been reported among patients with myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs). We investigated the relevance of the presence of serum MOG-IgG with the current diagnostic criteria for CRION among patients with idiopathic inflammatory optic neuritis (iON).

Methods: Retrospective reviews of a database prospectively collated between 2011 and 2017 from the tertiary referral center for multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica were performed. Read More

Neurologist 2018 Nov;23(6):183-184

Department of Neurology, St. Vincent Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Gyeonggi-do, Korea.

Introduction: Aquaporin-4 antibody (AQP4-Ab) is specific for neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and so is helpful to distinguish NMOSD from other autoimmune diseases. Several viral infections may play a role in the onset of NMOSD.

Case Report: We describe a case of a previous healthy 82-year-old woman who presented with acute visual loss occurring 3 weeks after scrub typhus. Read More

Neurol Sci 2019 Feb 27;40(2):261-268. Epub 2018 Oct 27.

Neurology Department, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Pontevedra, Loureiro Crespo, 2, 36002, Pontevedra, Spain.

Objective: Neurological symptoms in patients with cat-scratch disease (CSD) have been rarely reported. The aim of this study is to analyze the frequency of neurological CSD (NCSD) and describe the disease clinical presentation, management and outcome.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively selected patients with a CSD syndrome and Bartonella IgG titers > 1:256. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 19;27:127-130. Epub 2018 Oct 19.

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, University of Manitoba, 744 Bannatyne Avenue, Winnipeg, MB R3E0W2, Canada. Electronic address:

Background: Recent studies have suggested that anti-MOG antibodies and optic neuritis are associated and anti-MOG antibody positive patients have had better recoveries. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical course and treatment outcome of MOG-Ab associated and non-MOG-Ab associated ON.

Methods: Patients diagnosed with optic neuritis were referred for brain and cervical MRI. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 26;18(1):278. Epub 2018 Oct 26.

Ocular Oftalmologia, Vitória, Brazil.

Background: Sudden visual loss and optic disc edema caused by optic neuritis (ON) is usually followed by significant visual recovery. However, little or no recovery occurs when the loss is caused by atypical ON, especially in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). Optic disc drusen (ODD) is a cause of pseudo optic disc edema and may be a predisposing factor for non-arteritic anterior ischemic optic neuropathy (NAION), thereby mimicking atypical ON. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov;66(11):1647-1649

Department of Internal Medicine, Singapore General Hospital; Department of Ophthalmology, Duke-NUS Medical School, Singapore.

A 67-year-old male patient with poorly controlled type-2 diabetes mellitus developed an orbital apex syndrome and anterior cavernous syndrome secondary to herpetic zoster ophthalmicus (HZO), despite being on oral acyclovir. Urgent treatment with intravenous acyclovir led to improvement of the orbital and ocular inflammation but had no effect on the complete ophthalmoplegia and profound visual loss. At the 9-month follow-up visit, the patient had complete unilateral ophthalmoplegia and monocular blindness due to optic atrophy. Read More

BMC Neurol 2018 Oct 24;18(1):177. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Neurology, Tianjin Neurological Institute, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin, 300052, China.

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) often coexist with connective tissue disorders (CTD). The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the features of NMOSD with and without CTD.

Methods: NMOSD patients with (n = 18) and without CTD (n = 39) were enrolled, and the clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) features of the two groups were assessed. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2018 Oct 22;15(1):294. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Departments of Medicine and Physiology, University of California, 1246 Health Sciences East Tower, 513 Parnassus Ave, San Francisco, CA, 94143-0521, USA.

Background: Aquaporin-4-immunoglobulin G (AQP4-IgG) seropositive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (herein called NMO) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system in which AQP4-IgG binding to AQP4 on astrocytes results in complement-dependent astrocyte injury and secondary inflammation, demyelination, and neuron loss. We previously reported evidence for a complement bystander mechanism for early oligodendrocyte injury in NMO. Herein, we tested the hypothesis that complement bystander injury, which involves diffusion to nearby cells of activated soluble complement components from complement-injured astrocytes, is a general phenomenon that may contribute to neuronal injury in NMO. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2018 Oct 16;12(1):316. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Medicine, Jersey Shore University Medical Center, Hackensack Meridian Health, Neptune, NJ, 07753, USA.

Background: Autoimmune reactions have been associated with acute hepatitis B virus infection. Among these optic neuritis is a rare presentation with only a handful of cases reported in the literature thus far. The pathophysiologic mechanism governing this phenomenon includes high levels of circulating immune complexes, tissue deposit, and complement activation cascade. Read More

BMC Neurol 2018 Oct 9;18(1):168. Epub 2018 Oct 9.

Department of Neurology, The Affiliated Hospital of Wei fang Medical University, No 2428 Yuhe Road, Weifang, 261031, Shandong, China.

Background: Besides CSF-flow obstruction, syringomyelia is associated with inflammatory spinal cord lesions. However, syringomyelia-like syndrome concomitant with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and primary Sjogren's syndrome (pSS) is extremely rare. Here, we would like to report a case of a patient with syringomyelia-like syndrome in NMOSD complicated with Sjogren's Syndrome. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 2;27:34-41. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Department of Neurology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Xinmin Street 71#, Changchun 130021, China. Electronic address:

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a spectrum of neuroinflammatory disorders associated with autoimmune antibodies against aquaporin-4 (AQP4). Accumulating evidence suggests that inflammation is involved in NMOSD pathogenesis. Resolution of inflammation, which is a highly regulated process mediated by specialized pro-resolving lipid mediators (SPMs) is important to prevent over-responsive inflammation. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 3;27:30-33. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

UT Southwestern Medical Center, 5323 Harry Hines Blvd Dallas, Texas, TX 75235, United States.

Objective: To describe 2 atypical cases with Anti-MOG antibody related demyelinating syndrome.

Methodology: Case series.

Results: We present two cases. Read More

Mult Scler Relat Disord 2019 Jan 3;27:20-22. Epub 2018 Oct 3.

Department of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Ihsan Dogramaci Children's Hospital, Ankara, Turkey.

Case Report: The association of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and primary demyelinating disease of central nervous system (CNS) in the same patient is rare. Here we present a 10-year-old girl formerly diagnosed with JIA who presented with acute total vision loss. Magnetic resonance imaging of the brain and spinal cord showed bilateral optic neuritis and T2 hyperintense lesions in the brain, cerebellum and cervical spinal cord, some of them gadolinium-enhancing. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2018 Oct 7;2018. Epub 2018 Oct 7.

Professor, Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi.

Leptospirosis is a zoonotic disease commonly affecting the tropical countries. It may have protean clinical manifestations including hepatorenal dysfunction, myocarditis, pulmonary haemorrhage, meningitis, optic neuritis and rhabdomyolysis. Neurological manifestation of leptospirosis without the classical hepatorenal dysfunction is a rare entity. Read More