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Mult Scler Relat Disord 2020 Jul 5;44:102379. Epub 2020 Jul 5.

Department of Pediatrics, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Graduate Institute of Brain and Mind Sciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.

Background: The long-term outcome of optic neuritis (ON) is heterogeneous, and it appears to vary among different populations. Identification of determinants of natural history of ON would be helpful in therapeutic planning and prognostication, while relevant investigations in Asian patients were less reported. This study aims to clarify whether comorbidities and treatment in ON patients are associated with differential risks of subsequent development of multiple sclerosis (MS) or neuromyelitis optica (NMO) in Taiwan. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020 22;53:e20190516. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Laboratório de Hantaviroses e Rickettsioses, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

The differential diagnosis of optic neuritis is broad and varied. We report the case of a 24-year-old Brazilian man who presented with five-week history of fever, malaise, myalgia, severe fatigue, tender right preauricular lymphadenopathy, and acute vision blurring associated with right optic disc swelling and exudates in a macular star pattern. His illness developed soon after an infestation of fleas broke out among his cats. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2020 Jun;70(6):841-848

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Hôpital Necker Enfants Malades, Service de Gastroenterologie Pédiatrique, Paris.

Objectives: Neurological adverse effects (NAEs) induced by biotherapies have been reported in the literature mainly in adult patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), rheumatic diseases, or psoriasis. There are scant data in children. Aims of this study are to report and describe noninfective NAE associated with anti-TNFα antibodies in pediatric IBD, and to evaluate their incidence. Read More

Medicina (B Aires) 2020 ;80(3):275-279

Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Italiano de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

Optic neuromyelitis spectrum diseases are inflammatory disorders of the central nervous system characterized by severe demyelination and immunomediated axonal damage that mainly affects the optic nerves and spinal cord. They usually appear at an early age, although there are some reports in the literature of patients with late presentations. We present the case of a 78-year-old woman who consulted for severe paraparesis, sensory disorders, and urinary retention. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 Jul 7;344:577260. Epub 2020 May 7.

Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona and Neurology Unit B, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata Verona, Verona, Italy.

Background: Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG)-IgG associated disorders are increasingly recognized as a distinct disease entity. However, diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of serum MOG-IgG as well as recommendations for testing are still debated.

Materials And Methods: Between October 2015 and July 2017 we tested serum MOG-IgG in 91 adult patients (49 females) with a demyelinating event (DE) not fulfilling 2010 McDonald criteria for MS at sampling, negative for neuromyelitis optica (NMO)-IgG and followed-up for at least 12 months. Read More

Acta Neurol Taiwan 2020 Mar;29(1):1-4

Multiple Sclerosis Research Center, Neuroscience institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: Neuromyelitis optica is an autoimmune disease characterized mainly by the involvement of the spinal cord and optic nerve. Clinical studies have identified the disease progression as the most important red flag. Previous researches showed that only 2% of patients with neuromyelitis optica experience a progressive course. Read More

Ann Palliat Med 2020 Mar;9(2):324-330

Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China.

Background: Blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption and ensuing immune activation are central to the pathogenesis of central nervous system (CNS) inflammatory diseases. However, the influence of BBB permeability on the clinical signs and prognosis of newly diagnosed neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) has not been examined. We investigate the relationships between BBB permeability as showed by the albumin quotient (qalb) and clinical features of NMOSD. Read More

PLoS One 2020 6;15(4):e0224419. Epub 2020 Apr 6.

Department of Neurology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chuo-ku, Chiba, Japan.

Objective: To investigate the difference of fatigue and pain in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: Data from the Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) and Pain Effects Scale (PES) were compared between 51 NMOSD and 85 MS patients. Each score was compared in each disease group with or without clinical abnormalities. Read More

Front Microbiol 2020 11;11:388. Epub 2020 Mar 11.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.

Human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) was the first retrovirus described as a causative agent for human disease. In the field of ophthalmology, a close relationship between HTLV-1 infection and uveitis was identified through a series of clinical and laboratory studies in the late 1980s-1990s. Since then, HTLV-1-related ocular manifestations such as keratoconjunctivitis sicca, interstitial keratitis, optic neuritis and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL)-related ocular manifestations have continuously been reported. Read More

PLoS One 2020 26;15(3):e0230691. Epub 2020 Mar 26.

Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran.

Background: Neuromyelitis Optica (NMO) is an inflammatory demyelinating disease that mainly affects optic nerves and spinal cord. Besides, loss of motor and cognitive function has been reported as important symptoms of disease.

Objective: Here we investigated the mitochondrial dysfunction and metabolic alterations in NMO patients and evaluate their correlation with disease progress, disability and cognitive impairment. Read More

Lancet Neurol 2020 04 18;19(4):298-306. Epub 2020 Mar 18.

Clinical Research Centre and Department of Neurology, National Hospital Organization Utano National Hospital, Kyoto, Japan.

Background: Pharmacological prevention against relapses in patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is developing rapidly. We aimed to investigate the safety and efficacy of rituximab, an anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, against relapses in patients with NMOSD.

Methods: We did a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled clinical trial at eight hospitals in Japan. Read More

Semin Arthritis Rheum 2020 Feb 3. Epub 2020 Feb 3.

Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Key Laboratory of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Ministry of Education, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Objective: Systemic autoinflammatory diseases (SAIDs) are a group of disorders characterized by a dysregulation of innate immune system leading to multi-systemic inflammation. We aim to assess the neurological manifestations of Chinese adult patients with SAIDs.

Methods: Eighty adult patients (≥16 years) were diagnosed as SAIDs from April 2015 to June 2019, at the center of adult autoinflammatory diseases, Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital. Read More

Nat Rev Neurol 2020 Mar 20;16(3):154-170. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) are a type of neurological autoimmune disease characterized by attacks of CNS inflammation that are often severe and predominantly affect the spinal cord and optic nerve. The majority of individuals with NMOSD are women, many of whom are of childbearing age. Although NMOSD are rare, several small retrospective studies and case reports have indicated that pregnancy can worsen disease activity and might contribute to disease onset. Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2020 Feb;100(5):334-338

Department of Neurology, Huashan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200040, China.

To evaluate the clinical characteristics of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody (MOG-IgG) associated myelitis in a cohort of Chinese Han adults. From January 2016 to December 2017, 70 patients with MOG-IgG associated disorders (MOGAD) and 120 patients with aquaporin 4 antibody (AQP4-IgG) positive neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) visited the NMO/MS clinic or the neurology ward of Huashan Hospital, and the neurophthalmology clinic of Eye and ENT hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University were enrolled. The clinical and paraclinical data of the patients were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2020 27;53:e20190160. Epub 2020 Jan 27.

Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Faculdade de Medicina, Departamento de Oftalmologia, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) is a demyelinating autoimmune neuropathic condition characterized by extensive bilateral and confluent lesions in the cerebral white matter and cerebellum. The basal ganglia and gray matter may also be involved. In most cases, the symptoms are preceded by viral infection or vaccination. Read More

Acta Clin Croat 2019 Sep;58(3):550-555

1Department of Neurology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia; 2Department of Ophthalmology, Sestre milosrdnice University Hospital Centre, Zagreb, Croatia.

Acute optic neuritis has the age and sex adjusted incidence of 1-5/100,000 in general population. It is mostly a disorder affecting young Caucasian women (31-32 years). Patients present to a wide range of clinicians including general practitioner, emergency physician, ophthalmologist, neurologist, etc. Read More

J Comput Assist Tomogr 2020 Jan/Feb;44(1):47-52

Department of Ophthalmology, Eye and ENT Hospital of Fudan University.

Purpose: The discrimination between neuromyelitis optica (NMO)- and multiple sclerosis (MS)-related acute optic neuritis (ON) after the first presentation is difficult in clinical practice. Through a comparison with diffusion-weighted imaging using readout-segmented echo-planar imaging (RESOLVE-DWI), our aim was to determine the feasibility of diffusional kurtosis imaging (DKI) for differential diagnosis.

Materials And Methods: Orbital DKI and RESOLVE-DWI in a 3. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2020 05 8;213:34-45. Epub 2020 Jan 8.

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Purpose: The goal of this study was to determine the volumetric vessel density (VVD) in the intraretinal layers and its relationship with visual function and disability in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS).

Design: Cross-sectional study.

Methods: A total of 80 patients with relapsing-remitting MS and 99 age- and sex-matched healthy controls (HC) were recruited. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2020 Jan 2;13(1). Epub 2020 Jan 2.

Department of Neurology, University of Dundee, Dundee, UK

Tuberculosis is on the rise again. It brings with it potential for neurological involvement both as a direct infection and as a parainfectious process. Accordingly we report the development of neurological problems affecting a 48-year-old patient's vision and sensation while being treated for active tuberculosis. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Dec 30;19(1):351. Epub 2019 Dec 30.

Department of Neuropathology, Brain Research Institute, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.

Background: Occurrence of basal ganglia involvement in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) has rarely been reported and none documented pathologically.

Case Presentation: A 73-year-old female was clinically diagnosed with a NMOSD based on the clinical and radiological features and positive serum autoantibodies to AQP4. One month before her death, she became acutely ill with disturbed consciousness and right hemiparesis, and was diagnosed and treated as having basal ganglia infarction based on the brain CT. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Dec 22;12(12). Epub 2019 Dec 22.

Ophthalmology, Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia

A 39-year-old Caucasian man presented with headaches and retro-orbital pain but normal vision. Bilateral optic nerve swelling was found on funduscopy though optic nerve function and computed perimetry were normal and there was no relative afferent pupillary defect. CT venogram and MRI were unremarkable. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Dec 18;19(1):329. Epub 2019 Dec 18.

Department of Neurology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, Henan, China.

Background: To investigate whether the serum free thyroxine (FT4) level is a prognostic factor for the first-attack neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD).

Methods: This retrospective study enrolled 109 patients with first-attack NMOSD. The Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) and the relapse rate were used to evaluate the outcomes. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 9;339:577126. Epub 2019 Dec 9.

Department of Neurology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China. Electronic address:

Background: Accumulating evidence points to an association of alternations in the gut microbiota with health and disease, including the development of neurological diseases. However, there are relatively scarce studies of the role of the gut microbiota in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD). Therefore, the aim of the present study was to evaluate the differences in the intestinal microbiota composition between patients with NMOSD and healthy control subjects. Read More

Lancet Neurol 2020 01;19(1):31-33

Anne Rowling Clinic, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; Medical Research Council Institute of Genetics and Molecular Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK; UK Dementia Research Institute, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh EH16 4SB, UK. Electronic address:

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 3;339:577122. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Neurologia I U, Department of Neuroscience, AOU Città della Salute e della Scienza di Torino, Torino, Italy.

The K free light chains index (K-FLC index) has been proposed as an alternative test for intrathecal immunoglobulin synthesis in MS diagnosis. Aim of the study was to assess the accuracy of the K-FLC index in differentiating MS from other immune-mediated CNS disorders and NMOSD. Data were available from a cohort of 371 patients. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 6;339:577124. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Division of Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology, Department of Neurology, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA.

Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR) encephalitis is an autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system that commonly manifests as a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome. Antibodies against myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) are associated with a range of clinical presentations including acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM), optic neuritis, and transverse myelitis. The concurrence of NMDAR encephalitis and demyelinating syndromes is rare. Read More

Korean J Ophthalmol 2019 Dec;33(6):514-519

Department of Ophthalmology, Auckland District Health Board, Auckland, New Zealand.

Purpose: This study sought to describe the different clinical features and presentations of primary ocular toxoplasmosis in a setting not demonstrating an outbreak of disease.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of patients presenting to uveitis management services in Auckland and Hamilton, New Zealand between 2003 to 2018 with uveitis and positive toxoplasmosis immunoglobulin M serology.

Results: We identified 16 patients with primary acquired toxoplasmosis infection and ocular involvement. Read More

Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2019 ;112(3):137-146

Clinique neurologique, centre hospitalier national universitaire de Fann, BP 5035, Dakar, Sénégal.

Neuro-Behçet (NB) African studies are mainly North African, but Sub-Saharan Africa is not to be outdone. Our aim was to describe diagnostic and therapeutic features of NB in a Senegalese series collected in Dakar. This was a descriptive and retrospective study conducted at the Neurology department of Fann Teaching Hospital in Dakar, Senegal. Read More

Sensors (Basel) 2019 Dec 3;19(23). Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Ophthalmology, Miguel Servet University Hospital, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain.

The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the feasibility of diagnosing multiple sclerosis (MS) using optical coherence tomography (OCT) data and a support vector machine (SVM) as an automatic classifier. Forty-eight MS patients without symptoms of optic neuritis and forty-eight healthy control subjects were selected. Swept-source optical coherence tomography (SS-OCT) was performed using a DRI (deep-range imaging) Triton OCT device (Topcon Corp. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 Mar 3;135:192-196. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

Department of Neurological Surgery, Thomas Jefferson University Hospital, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Epstein-Barr virus-associated smooth muscle tumors (SMTs) are rare neoplasms that have been found to develop in immunocompromised patients. Three distinct groups of affected patients have been described: (1) human immunodeficiency virus-infected patients, (2) post-transplant patients, and (3) patients with congenital immunodeficiency. The tumors can develop anywhere in the body, with 17 reported cases occurring in the spinal canal, all in patients with human immunodeficiency virus infection. Read More

Neurology 2020 01 3;94(4):e407-e418. Epub 2019 Dec 3.

From the Department of Neurology, Medical Faculty (M.R., J. Harmel, J.G., H.-P.H., O.A., P.A.), and Department of Neurology, Center for Neurology and Neuropsychiatry, LVR-Klinikum (M.R.), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf; NeuroCure Clinical Research Center and Experimental and Clinical Research Center (H.Z., A.U.B., F.P.), Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, corporate member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Berlin Institute of Health, and Max Delbrueck Center for Molecular Medicine, Germany; Department of Neurology (A.U.B.), University of California Irvine; Department of Neurology (A.H., M.B.), University of Würzburg; Department of Neurology (M.B.), Caritas Hospital, Bad Mergentheim; Clinical Neuroimmunology and Neurochemistry (M.W.H.), Department of Neurology (C.T.), Hannover Medical School; Department of Neurology (C.S., I.A., I.K., K.H.), St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Germany; Department of Neurology (I.A.), Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia; Marianne-Strauß-Klinik (I.K.), Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen für Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg; Institute of Clinical Neuroimmunology (J. Halva, T.K., H.P.), University Hospital, Ludwig-Maximilians University, Munich; Molecular Neuroimmunology Group, Department of Neurology (S.J., B.W.), University of Heidelberg, Germany; Department of Neurology (P.R.), Medical University of Vienna, Austria; Institute of Neuropathology (M.S.W.) and Department of Neurology (M.S.W., H.P., P.K.), University Medical Center Göttingen; Department of Neurology (L.R., C.G.), Jena University Hospital; Neuroimmunological Section, Department of Neurology (N.R., U.Z.), University of Rostock; Department of Neurology (M.D., L.K.), University of Münster; Department of Neurology and Institute of Neuroimmunology and MS (K.Y., J.-P.S.), University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf; Department of Neurology (M.K., P.K.), Nordwest-Hospital Sanderbusch, Sande; Department of Neurology (W.M.), Helios Hanseklinikum Stralsund; Department of Neurology (F.L., H.T.), University of Ulm, Germany; and Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences (A.K.), Macquarie University, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.

Objective: To investigate if patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) develop subclinical visual pathway impairment independent of acute attacks.

Methods: A total of 548 longitudinally assessed full-field visual evoked potentials (VEP) of 167 patients with NMOSD from 16 centers were retrospectively evaluated for changes of P100 latencies and P100-N140 amplitudes. Rates of change in latencies (RCL) and amplitudes (RCA) over time were analyzed for each individual eye using linear regression and compared using generalized estimating equation models. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 25;339:577120. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Tissue Typing and Immunogenetics Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Hadassah Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. Electronic address:

Our knowledge about genetic factors that drive the worsening of neuromyelitis optica (NMO) is limited. Herein, we analyzed the macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) -173G/C functional polymorphism in NMO patients and controls. Our data reveal that the frequency of the high-expression MIF genotypes (CC/GC) did not differ between the two groups. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 25;339:577121. Epub 2019 Nov 25.

Department of Neurology, China-Japan Friendship Hospital, Beijing 100029, China. Electronic address:

This study aimed to investigate the underlying pathological muscle damage in neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients without muscular symptoms. We prospectively enrolled 15 patients with aquaporin 4 (AQP4) antibody seropositive NMOSD and 16 patients with non-NMOSD diseases as a control group. Biceps biopsy samples from 18 patients were examined. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Nov 27;19(1):241. Epub 2019 Nov 27.

People's Hospital of Quzhou, 2 Zhongloudi Road, Quzhou, Zhejiang, 324000, People's Republic of China.

Background: Although a safe, excellent administration method for hyaluronic acid derivatives has been documented; improper injections can lead to devastating and irreversible consequences. Here, we present the first known case of optic perineuritis caused by hyaluronic acid.

Case Presentation: A young female experienced sudden orbital pain in the right eye after receiving hyaluronic acid injections to the eyebrows. Read More

N Engl J Med 2019 11;381(22):2114-2124

From the Department of Immunology, National Institute of Neuroscience, and the Multiple Sclerosis Center, National Center of Neurology and Psychiatry (T.Y.), and Chugai Pharmaceutical (H.Y., Y.K.), Tokyo, and the Department of Multiple Sclerosis Therapeutics, Fukushima Medical University, and the Multiple Sclerosis and Neuromyelitis Optica Center, Southern Tohoku Research Institute for Neuroscience, Koriyama (K.F.) - all in Japan; the Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, and Marianne-Strauß-Klinik, Behandlungszentrum Kempfenhausen für Multiple Sklerose Kranke, Berg - both in Germany (I.K.); the Department of Clinical Neurology, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford (J.P.), and Chugai Pharma Europe, London (P.W.) - both in the United Kingdom; the Department of Neurology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas (B.G.); the Department of Neurology, Warsaw Medical University, Warsaw, Poland (B.Z.-P.); the Department G.F. Ingrassia, Neuroscience Section, University of Catania, Catania, Italy (F.P.); the Neurologic Institute, Taipei Veterans General Hospital and National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan (C.-P.T.); the Service of Neurology, Hospital Clinic and Institut d'Investigació Biomèdica August Pi i Sunyer, University of Barcelona, Barcelona (A.S.); and the Department of Neurology, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Clinical Investigation Center, INSERM 1434, and Fédération de Médecine Translationelle, INSERM 1119 - all in Strasbourg, France (J.D.S.).

Background: Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and is associated with autoantibodies to anti-aquaporin-4 (AQP4-IgG) in approximately two thirds of patients. Interleukin-6 is involved in the pathogenesis of the disorder. Satralizumab is a humanized monoclonal antibody targeting the interleukin-6 receptor. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2020 02 14;339:577112. Epub 2019 Nov 14.

Instituto de Ensino e Pesquisa, Santa Casa de Belo Horizonte, Rua Domingos Vieira 590, Santa Efigênia. P.O. Box: 30250-140, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. Electronic address:

We analyzed the association of polymorphisms from the 3' untranslated region of the HLA-G gene in 70 neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) patients and 162 healthy controls. No associations were found between the polymorphisms in NMOSD when compared to healthy controls, serology of the anti-AQP4 NMOSD biomarker and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS). In conclusion, the 3' untranslated region 14 bp Ins/Del and +3142C/G polymorphisms seem not to be associated with NMOSD susceptibility, autoantibody production, nor a neurological deficit in patients. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Nov 19;20(22). Epub 2019 Nov 19.

Unidad de Gestión Clínica de Neurociencias, Servicio de Neurología del Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío, 41013 Sevilla, Spain.

The detection of IgG aquaporin-4 antibodies in the serum of patients with Neuromyelitis optica (NMO) has dramatically improved the diagnosis of this disease and its distinction from multiple sclerosis. Recently, a group of patients have been described who have an NMO spectrum disorder (NMOsd) and who are seronegative for AQP4 antibodies but positive for IgG aquaporin-1 (AQP1) or myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibodies. The purpose of this study was to determine whether AQP1 and MOG could be considered new biomarkers of this disease; and if point mutations in the gDNA of , and genes could be associated with the etiology of NMOsd. Read More

Kathmandu Univ Med J (KUMJ) 2019 Jan.-Mar;17(65):66-69

Department of Ophthalmology, Nepal Medical College-Teaching Hospital, Jorpati, Kathmandu.

Idiopathic bilateral optic neuritis in adult has been reported very rarely. The objective of this report is to present a case of idiopathic bilateral optic neuritis in adult and treatment responses. A nineteen year old female presented with bilateral optic neuritis. Read More

Brain Behav 2019 12 16;9(12):e01467. Epub 2019 Nov 16.

Department of Neurology, Consorcio Hospital General Universitario de Valencia, Valencia, Spain.

Introduction: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous disease with an unpredictable course. Visual pathway is a target of the disease and may reflect mechanisms that lead to disability. Structural and functional changes in the visual pathway may be studied by noninvasive techniques such as optical coherence tomography (OCT), visual evoked potentials (VEP), or B-mode transorbital sonography (TOS). Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2019 Dec 12;42(10):1100-1110. Epub 2019 Nov 12.

Fondation Ophtalmologique Adolphe de Rothschild, Paris, France.

Introduction: The diagnosis of optic neuritis (ON), or inflammation of the optic nerve, is based on clinical findings: first marked by rapidly progressive visual decline associated with eye pain accentuated by eye movements; abnormalities of color perception and/or contrast sensitivity may also be reported. In this case, inflammatory neuropathies are associated with anti-MOG antibodies. MOGs, oligodendrocytic glycoproteins involved in the production of myelin, were identified nearly three decades ago in association with demyelinating ON. Read More

Ophthalmology 2020 03 27;127(3):417-425. Epub 2019 Sep 27.

Department of Ophthalmology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea. Electronic address:

Purpose: To determine the age- and sex-specific prevalence and incidence of demyelinating optic neuritis and the risk of multiple sclerosis (MS) in pediatric and adult populations in South Korea.

Design: A nationwide, population-based, retrospective study using data from the Korean National Health Claims database from 2010 to 2016.

Participants: The entire South Korean population aged 65 years of age or younger (n = 44 700 564). Read More

J Fam Pract 2019 11;68(9):515-518

Department of Neurology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Worsening nausea, vomiting, and dizziness for 2-months, resulting in a 20-pound weight loss. Pruritus. Ataxia. Read More

PLoS One 2019 8;14(11):e0224500. Epub 2019 Nov 8.

RETICS: Thematic Networks for Co-operative Research in Health for Ocular Diseases, Madrid, Spain.

Purpose: To determine if a novel analysis method will increase the diagnostic value of the multifocal electroretinogram (mfERG) in diagnosing early-stage multiple sclerosis (MS).

Methods: We studied the mfERG signals of OD (Oculus Dexter) eyes of fifteen patients diagnosed with early-stage MS (in all cases < 12 months) and without a history of optic neuritis (ON) (F:M = 11:4), and those of six controls (F:M = 3:3). We obtained values of amplitude and latency of N1 and P1 waves, and a method to assess normalized root-mean-square error (FNRMSE) between model signals and mfERG recordings was used. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Nov;98(44):e17794

Department of Clinical Therapeutics, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, School of Medicine, Alexandra General Hospital.

Rationale: Bing-Neel syndrome (BNS) is a rare manifestation of Waldenström macroglobulinemia (WM) with <200 cases reported in the literature. Herein, we describe a case of newly diagnosed BNS treated with a novel therapeutic strategy.

Patient Concerns: A 67-year-old woman diagnosed with asymptomatic WM 3 years ago presented with gradual vision deterioration the past 3 months. Read More

Lupus 2019 Dec 3;28(14):1656-1662. Epub 2019 Nov 3.

Department of Neurology, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, USA.

Objective: Non-infectious myelitis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) may be due to SLE myelitis, comorbid multiple sclerosis (MS), or neuromyelitis optica (NMO). We compared characteristics of these three conditions in SLE patients at a large academic institution.

Methods: We searched for neurologic diagnoses of SLE myelitis, NMO myelitis, and MS myelitis among 2297 patients with at least four 1997 American College of Rheumatology revised criteria for SLE between 2000 and 2015. Read More

Ophthalmology 2020 02 20;127(2):221-229. Epub 2019 Sep 20.

Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota; Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota. Electronic address:

Purpose: Collapsin response-mediator protein 5 (CRMP5) immunoglobulin G (IgG) has been associated with paraneoplastic optic neuritis, vitritis, retinitis, or a combination thereof, but few reports of these findings exist in the literature. We reviewed the neuro-ophthalmic findings and visual outcomes in a large series of CRMP5 IgG-positive patients to characterize further its clinical phenotype and response to treatment.

Design: Retrospective case series. Read More

J Neuroimmunol 2019 12 15;337:577078. Epub 2019 Oct 15.

Department of Neurology, Duke University, Durham, NC, United States. Electronic address:

Objectives: To describe the clinical presentation of MOG antibody disease (MOG-AD) in a series of patients at a single academic center.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of patients with MOG antibodies.

Results: We review the clinical presentation of 11 patients with MOG antibodies. Read More

J Ophthalmic Vis Res 2019 Jul-Sep;14(3):299-305. Epub 2019 Jul 18.

Ophthalmology Department, Eye Research Center, Rassoul Akram Hospital, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Purpose: To compare the short-term visual function results and safety of erythropoietin as an add-on to the standard corticosteroid therapy in retrobulbar optic neuritis (RON).

Methods: In this prospective pilot study, adult patients with isolated RON with less than 10 days of onset were enrolled. Patients were consecutively assigned to standard intravenous methylprednisolone treatment either in combination with intravenous erythropoietin (20,000 units/day for three days) (group-1) or intravenous methylprednisolone alone (group-2). Read More

Rinsho Shinkeigaku 2019 Nov 26;59(11):736-739. Epub 2019 Oct 26.

Department of Neurology, Mie University Graduate School of Medicine.

A 20-year-old woman was hospitalized after experiencing headaches, high fever, and nausea for 1 week. She was conscious and had no abnormal neurological findings or neck stiffness. Examination of her cerebrospinal fluid showed a pronounced elevation of mononuclear cells. Read More

Neurology 2019 11 23;93(20):e1867-e1872. Epub 2019 Oct 23.

From the Section of Neurology (S.M., A.G., M.Z., D.A., S.M., S.F.), Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona; Neurology Unit (L.B., R.D., G.S., S.L., M.I.P.), Department of Medical, Surgical, and Experimental Sciences, University of Sassari; Neurology Unit (B.B.), AOUI Verona, Italy; and Clinical Department of Neurology (K.S., M.R.), Medical University of Innsbruck, Austria.

Objective: To determine the diagnostic relevance of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibodies (MOG-Abs) in CSF of seronegative cases by retrospectively analyzing consecutive time-matched CSF of 80 MOG-Ab-seronegative patients with demyelinating disease.

Methods: The cohort included 44 patients with NMOSD and related disorders and 36 patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). Two independent neurologists blinded to diagnosis analyzed MOG-Abs by live cell-based immunofluorescence assay with goat anti-human immunoglobulin (Ig) G (whole molecule) antibody. Read More