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J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021 Jun 21. Epub 2021 Jun 21.

Center for Maternal-Fetal, Neonatal and Reproductive Medicine, National Center for Child Health and Development, Tokyo, Japan.

Aim: To examine the outcomes of prenatally diagnosed lower urinary tract obstruction (LUTO) with current management using vesicoamniotic shunting (VAS).

Methods: A retrospective study of prenatally diagnosed LUTO before 26 weeks of gestation at two tertiary centers in Japan between March 2002 and September 2017. LUTO was diagnosed by ultrasound demonstration of an enlarged fetal bladder associated with hydronephrosis and/or hydroureters. Read More

Am J Med Genet A 2021 Jun 19. Epub 2021 Jun 19.

Children's Hospital of Eastern Ontario (CHEO) Research Institute, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Canada.

WNT9B plays a key role in the development of the mammalian urogenital system. It is essential for the induction of mesonephric and metanephric tubules, the regulation of renal tubule morphogenesis, and the regulation of renal progenitor cell expansion and differentiation. To our knowledge, WNT9B has not been associated with renal defects in humans; however, WNT9B mice have renal agenesis/hypoplasia and reproductive tract abnormalities. Read More

Obstet Gynecol Int 2021 26;2021:5520117. Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of Medical Laboratory Sciences, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Bahir Dar University, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia.

. Fetal bowel could pass meconium, a green viscous fluid, before or during labour and most intrauterine passage of meconium is associated with several fetomaternal factors that lead to increased risk of perinatal morbidity and mortality. Given that there is a paucity of data, this study was conducted to assess the proportion and associated factors of meconium-stained amniotic fluid (MSAF) in women who came for labour and delivery service in a tertiary hospital. Read More

Rev Bras Enferm 2021 9;74(3):e20200236. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Universidade Estadual de Ciências da Saúde de Alagoas. Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil.

Objective: To analyze outcomes in fetuses and newborns exposed to infections during pregnancy.

Methods: Cross-sectional, quantitative study, carried out in a public maternity hospital in Maceió, Alagoas, Brazil. The sample consisted of 145 medical records of pregnant women admitted between 2015 and 2018 with possible vertically transmitted infections. Read More

Front Genet 2021 27;12:658786. Epub 2021 May 27.

Department of Hepatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

SLC35A2-CDG is a rare type of X-linked CDG with more than 60 reported cases. We retrospectively analyzed clinical phenotypes and genotypes of four cases of SLC35A2-CDG from four unrelated families of Han ethnicity in China. All patients had infantile onset epilepsies that were completely or partly resistant to multiple anti-epileptic medications or ketogenic diet. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Bursa Yüksek İhtisas Training and Research Hospital Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Bursa, Turkey.

Objectives: We aimed to compare perinatal outcomes of oligohydramnios or fetal growth restriction with normal amniotic fluid index and fetal growth in preeclampsia and to compare the outcomes of only oligohydramnios, only fetal growth restriction and oligohydramnios with fetal growth restriction preeclamptic groups.

Material And Methods: A total of 743 preeclamptic patients were evaluated between June 2016 and 2020. Patients were divided into two groups: preeclampsia with oligohydramnios or fetal growth restriction (n = 237) and preeclampsia with normal amniotic fluid index and fetal growth (n = 506). Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2021 Jun 8. Epub 2021 Jun 8.

Department of Pediatrics, Women and Infants Hospital/Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island, USA.

Severe oligohydramnios (OH) due to prolonged loss of amniotic fluid can cause pulmonary hypoplasia. Animal model of pulmonary hypoplasia induced by amniotic fluid drainage is partly attributed to changes in mechanical compression of the lung. Although numerous studies on OH-model have demonstrated changes in several individual proteins, however, the underlying mechanisms for interrupting normal lung development in response to a decrease of amniotic fluid volume are not fully understood. Read More

Case Rep Obstet Gynecol 2021 13;2021:9950578. Epub 2021 May 13.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.

Pulmonary hypoplasia is a rare entity in a fetus with imperforate anus. The fetus was diagnosed with high-type imperforate anus with rectourethral fistula based on the dilated fetal bowel and the presence of bowel calcification at 19 weeks of gestation. As gestation advanced, fetal ultrasonography demonstrated development of pulmonary hypoplasia, progressive bowel dilation, and persistent oligohydramnios from 28 weeks of gestation despite a fluid-filled bladder without hydroureter or hydronephrosis. Read More

Urology 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, Medical College of Georgia-Augusta University, Augusta, GA. Electronic address:

Aphallia is an exceedingly rare condition often associated with an array of genitourinary anomalies. Classically, aphallia was thought to have to co-exist with a urethral fistula for adequate urine outflow to avoid the sequelae of oligohydramnios, while the absence of a fistula has historically been incompatible with life. We report the first case of a prenatally unrecognized aphallia with complete urethral atresia in a full-term baby, without an associated fistula or ectopic urethra. Read More

J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 May 28. Epub 2021 May 28.

W Zhang, Department of Obstetrics, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, China

Bilateral renal agenesis (BRA) is a lethal congenital anomaly caused by the failure of normal development of both kidneys early in embryonic development. Oligohydramnios upon fetal ultrasonography reveals BRA. Although exact causes are not clear, BRA is associated with mutations in many renal development genes. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 May 23:1-4. Epub 2021 May 23.

Weill Cornell Medicine-Qatar, Doha, Qatar.

Objective: The objective of this article was to evaluate the outcome of transabdominal amnioinfusion in pregnant patients with oligohydramnios.

Method: This is a prospective observational study involving 80 cases of oligohydramnios treated with transabdominal amnioinfusion guided by ultrasound, in the period between 2011 and 2016. The patients were treated in two centers; however, all the procedures were performed by the same operator. Read More

Ceska Gynekol 2021 ;86(2):133-139

Objective: The aim of this review article is to provide a practical and concise overview of diagnosis and management of pregnancy with fetal lower urinary tract obstruction.

Methods: Review of literature and current studies.

Conclusion: Proper diagnosis and management of isolated fetal lower urinary tract obstruction with oligohydramnios allows appropriate implementation of intrauterine treatment in indicated cases. Read More

PLoS One 2021 21;16(5):e0250659. Epub 2021 May 21.

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the hourly fetal urine production rate (HFUPR) via three-dimensional ultrasonography in women with isolated oligohydramnios and compare with normal pregnant women at term.

Materials And Methods: This was a prospective observational cohort study of 112 women from 34 to 40 6/7 weeks' gestation. They were classified into three groups according to the amniotic fluid index (AFI) and ultrasonographic estimated fetal weight (EFW) as isolated oligohydramnios (defined as AFI below 5% and appropriate EFW corresponding to gestational age) (n = 34) and IUGR (defined as EFW below 5% corresponding to gestational age irrespective amniotic fluid) (n = 17), and normal pregnancy (n = 61). Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 May 20:1-7. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.

Aim: The pathogenic mechanism of chronic abruption-oligohydramnios sequence (CAOS) remains unknown, and there are no objective standards for diagnosis on imaging or using pathological evidence. We aimed to reconsider and clarify the true pathology of CAOS by integrating clinical, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological findings of the placenta.

Material And Methods: This is a case series of patients with CAOS managed at our hospital between 2010 and 2020. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 19;14(5). Epub 2021 May 19.

Maternal Fetal Medicine, Coombe Women and Infants University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland.

In utero exposure to angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) has fetotoxic effects including renal failure, oligohydramnios and lung hypoplasia. We present the case of a 24-year-old woman who presented to the maternity services in the 34th week of her first pregnancy. She was taking valsartan for hypertension. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 May 19;14(5). Epub 2021 May 19.

Pediatrics, Monmouth Medical Center, Long Branch, New Jersey, USA.

This case report describes a premature male infant born after a pregnancy complicated by oligohydramnios of unknown aetiology but otherwise unremarkable prenatal scans. He had sudden onset of projectile emesis and severe hypertension in the third week of life, and further investigations revealed both pyloric stenosis and polycystic kidneys, at just 36 weeks' postmenstrual age (PMA). His course thereafter was complicated by severe refractory hypertension requiring multiple antihypertensive agents in order to gain control, although his renal function remained normal. Read More

Case Rep Urol 2021 26;2021:6647692. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Paediatric Surgery, Leicester Royal Infirmary, Infirmary Square, leicester, LE1 5WW, UK.

Posterior urethral valves are a common cause of congenital bladder outlet obstruction. Known associations include cardiac malformations and gastrointestinal abnormalities. In this case series, we report on two cases of PUV associated with anorectal malformations along with a case of PUV in monochorionic diamniotic twins. Read More

J Int Med Res 2021 May;49(5):3000605211010730

Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China.

Compression sutures are primarily used to treat atonic postpartum hemorrhage. We herein describe three cases of selective arterial ligation combined with B-Lynch or modified B-Lynch suture for the treatment of intractable postpartum hemorrhage unresponsive to available conservative interventions. Three pregnant women underwent a cesarean section for a macrosomic fetus, fetal distress, and oligohydramnios, respectively. Read More

BMC Cancer 2021 Apr 26;21(1):463. Epub 2021 Apr 26.

Department of Clinical Therapeutics, Alexandra Hospital, Medical School, Athens, 11528, Greece.

Background: Over than one third (28-58%) of pregnancy-associated breast cancer (PABC) cases are characterized by positive epidermal growth factor receptor 2-positive (HER2) expression. Trastuzumab anti-HER2 monoclonal antibody is still the benchmark treatment of HER2-positive breast tumors. However, FDA has categorized Trastuzumab as a category D drug for pregnant patients with breast cancer. Read More

J Ultrasound Med 2021 Apr 22. Epub 2021 Apr 22.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, TX, USA.

Objective: To compare the rate and severity of abnormal amniotic fluid volumes (oligohydramnios or polyhydramnios), as well as the distribution of amniotic fluid levels, in pregnancies with and without diabetes.

Methods: We performed a retrospective cohort study of singleton nonanomalous pregnancies receiving an ultrasound examination (USE) in the third trimester. Pregnancies were categorized into those with and without diabetes and subcategorized by diabetes type. Read More

Tohoku J Exp Med 2021 04;253(4):269-273

Department of Pediatrics, Ohta Nishinouchi Hospital.

Streptococcus agalactiae or group B streptococcus (GBS) is a pathogen that causes severe neonatal infections, resulting in sepsis, pneumonia, and meningitis. Neonatal GBS meningitis has a poor neurological prognosis and a high mortality rate. GBS disease is classified as early- and late-onset if the onset age is 0-6 and 7-89 days after birth, respectively. Read More

Zhonghua Fu Chan Ke Za Zhi 2021 Mar;56(3):161-170

Department of Obstetrics, Nanjing Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Nanjing 210000, China.

To explore the effects of interpregnancy interval (IPI) on pregnancy outcomes of subsequent pregnancy. A multicenter retrospective study was conducted in 21 hospitals in China. Information of age, height, pre-pregnancy weight, IPI, history of diseases, complications of pregnancy, gestational age of delivery, delivery mode, and pregnancy outcomes of the participants were collected by consulting medical records of pregnant women who had two consecutive deliveries in the same hospital during 2011 to 2018. Read More

Lupus 2021 Jun 15;30(7):1163-1174. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Taiyuan, China.

Objectives: This meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of HCQ in improving the maternal and fetal outcomes in pregnancies with SLE.

Methods: A literature search was conducted using PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and the Cochrane database for relevant English language articles, and Wanfang, CNKI and VIP for Chinese articles, from the databases' inception to April 30, 2020. These studies compared the maternal and/or fetal outcomes between pregnant patients with SLE who were administered HCQ during pregnancy (HCQ+ group) and those who were not administered HCQ (HCQ- group). Read More

Minerva Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr;73(2):247-252

Department of Maternal and Child Health and Urological Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.

Twin-to-twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a serious complication that affects approximately 10-15% of monochorionic twin pregnancies. The most important role for the development of this condition is the presence of an unbalanced flow through the inter-twin vascular anastomoses. Depending on the number, type and direction of the connecting vessels, blood can be transfused disproportionately from one twin (the donor) to the other twin (the recipient). Read More

J Korean Med Sci 2021 Apr 12;36(14):e93. Epub 2021 Apr 12.

Department of Pediatrics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Background: In accordance with the guidelines for the expectant management of women exposed to previable preterm premature rupture of membrane, we compared neonatal outcomes according to the latent period from membrane rupture to delivery among extremely preterm infants exposed to maternal preterm premature rupture of membrane using the Korean Neonatal Network database.

Methods: Of the 3,305 extremely preterm infants born at 23-27 weeks' gestation between 2014 and 2017 who were registered in the Korean Neonatal Network, 1,464 infants were born to pregnant women who were exposed to preterm premature rupture of membrane. The short latency group was defined as infants born with a latent period between membrane rupture and delivery < 7 days (n = 450), whereas the prolonged latency group was defined as infants born with a latent period of ≥ 7 days (n = 434). Read More

J Reprod Immunol 2021 06 29;145:103315. Epub 2021 Mar 29.

Obstetrics and Gynecology Department, Peking University People's Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) increases the risk of obstetric complications, but risk factors for pregnancy morbidity in women with APS remain incompletely characterized. This retrospective study included pregnant women with APS and a control group without APS admitted to Peking University People's Hospital between January 2013 and September 2019. Clinical data were extracted from medical records. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2021 Mar 1;57(3). Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand.

This study aims to emphasize that asymptomatic patients with undiagnosed and asymptomatic May-Thurner syndrome (MTS) may firstly develop severe compression during pregnancy. A 40-year-old woman, G1P0, at 22 weeks of twin gestation presented with left lower extremity edema and pain. One twin was structurally normal while the other had bilateral renal agenesis with oligohydramnios. Read More

Ultrasound Obstet Gynecol 2021 Apr 1. Epub 2021 Apr 1.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, McGovern Medical School, University of Texas, Health Science Center at Houston (UTHealth), Houston, Texas, USA.

Aim: There is limited information on ultrasound data from pregnant women SARS-CoV-2 (severe acute respiratory syndrome Coronavirus-2) positive. Our aim was to describe and compare ultrasound and Doppler findings from pregnant women either SARS-CoV-2 positive or negative evaluated during the pandemic period.

Methods: One hundred and six (106) pregnant women who tested positive for SARS-CoV-2 at the time or within one week of the ultrasound (US) scan were evaluated. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2021 Mar 26:1-8. Epub 2021 Mar 26.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, INOVA Health System, Falls Church, VA, USA.

Objective: Pregnant women with moderate symptoms of COVID-19 are at risk for progressing to severe or critical illness. While there are limited data on the management of severe COVID-19 during pregnancy, information on pharmacological treatments of moderate COVID-19 is lacking. We report clinical outcomes of pregnant women hospitalized due to moderate COVID-19 illness treated with a 5-day course of remdesivir, antibiotics, and/or glucocorticoids. Read More

J Gynecol Obstet Hum Reprod 2021 Mar 20;50(7):102114. Epub 2021 Mar 20.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Teine Keijinkai Hospital, Japan. Electronic address:

Introduction: Although various perinatal complications have been reported to be increased in the pregnant patients with adenomyosis, it is not clear what type of patients with adenomyosis is more likely to cause obstetric complications. In this study, we focused on the positional relationship between the placenta and adenomyosis lesion in evaluating perinatal prognosis of pregnant patients with adenomyosis.

Material And Methods: This retrospective cohort study was carried out between 1 January 2005 and 31 December 2019 in a single institution. Read More