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J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020 Jul 10. Epub 2020 Jul 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kanazawa University, Kanazawa (TF, MN), Japan.

Leucine-rich α-2 glycoprotein 1 (LRG1) is a diagnostic marker candidate for glioblastoma. Although LRG1 has been associated with angiogenesis, it has been suggested that its biomarker role differs depending on the type of tumor. In this study, a clinicopathological examination of LRG1's role as a biomarker for glioblastoma was performed. Read More

Neurooncol Adv 2020 Jan-Dec;2(1):vdaa055. Epub 2020 Apr 30.

Preparing Section for New Faculty of Medical Science, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan.

Background: High-grade glioma is the most pervasive and lethal of all brain malignancies. Despite advances in imaging technologies, discriminating between gliomas and other brain diseases such as multiple sclerosis (MS) often requires brain biopsy. Several reports show that protein tyrosine phosphatase receptor Z (PTPRZ) is highly expressed in glioblastoma, and we found that a soluble cleaved form of PTPRZ (sPTPRZ) was present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Read More

Neurooncol Adv 2020 Jan-Dec;2(1):vdaa044. Epub 2020 Apr 4.

Department of Neurology and Neurosurgery, Brain Center Rudolf Magnus, University Medical Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.

Background: Isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) mutation and 1p/19q-codeletion are oncogenetic alterations with a positive prognostic value for diffuse gliomas, especially grade II and III. Some studies have suggested differences in biological behavior as reflected by radiological characteristics. In this paper, the literature regarding radiological characteristics in grade II and III glioma subtypes was systematically evaluated and a meta-analysis was performed. Read More

Neurooncol Adv 2020 Jan-Dec;2(1):vdaa042. Epub 2020 Mar 27.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Michigan Medical School, MSRB II, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.

Background: Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors. High-Grade Gliomas have a median survival (MS) of 18 months, while Low-Grade Gliomas (LGGs) have an MS of approximately 7.3 years. Read More

Neurooncol Adv 2020 Jan-Dec;2(1):vdaa035. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Neurosurgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus, TU Dresden, Dresden, Germany.

Background: Label-free multiphoton microscopy has been suggested for intraoperative recognition and delineation of brain tumors. For any future clinical application, appropriate approaches for image acquisition and analysis have to be developed. Moreover, an evaluation of the reliability of the approach, taking into account inter- and intrapatient variability, is needed. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Jul 6;12(7). Epub 2020 Jul 6.

Department of Pathology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, NY 13210, USA.

Diffuse gliomas are among the most common adult central nervous system tumors with an annual incidence of more than 16,000 cases in the United States. Until very recently, the diagnosis of these tumors was based solely on morphologic features, however, with the publication of the WHO Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System, revised 4th edition in 2016, certain molecular features are now included in the official diagnostic and grading system. One of the most significant of these changes has been the division of adult astrocytomas into IDH-wildtype and IDH-mutant categories in addition to histologic grade as part of the main-line diagnosis, although a great deal of heterogeneity in the clinical outcome still remains to be explained within these categories. Read More

Cancers (Basel) 2020 Jun 29;12(7). Epub 2020 Jun 29.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, FI-33520 Tampere, Finland.

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs) are zinc-containing metalloenzymes that participate in the regulation of pH homeostasis in addition to many other important physiological functions. Importantly, CAs have been associated with neoplastic processes and cancer. Brain tumors represent a heterogeneous group of diseases with a frequently dismal prognosis, and new treatment options are urgently needed. Read More

Cytogenet Genome Res 2020 Jun 24. Epub 2020 Jun 24.

Based on a literature review and our database, we report on the smallest 14q deletion identified in a brain tumor characterized by 1p/19q codeletion low-grade oligodendroglioma. In 2013, array-comparative genomic hybridization of the brain tumor revealed 1p/19q codeletion as a sole abnormality. In 2019, the patient relapsed showing additional abnormalities including a 14q deletion of 16. Read More

Sci Rep 2020 Jun 22;10(1):10113. Epub 2020 Jun 22.

Division of Neurosurgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Shizuoka, Japan.

T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is known as a highly specific imaging marker of IDH-mutant astrocytomas. This study was intended to clarify what the T2-FLAIR mismatch sign represents by pathological analysis of lower-grade gliomas rediagnosed in accordance with the WHO 2016 classification. We retrospectively analyzed the records of 64 patients diagnosed with WHO grade II and III diffuse gliomas between June 2009 and November 2018. Read More

Neuroimage Clin 2020 May 26;27:102287. Epub 2020 May 26.

Institute of Neuroscience and Medicine (INM-1, -3, -4), Research Center Juelich, Wilhelm-Johnen-Str., 52428 Juelich, Germany; Department of Nuclear Medicine, University Hospital Aachen, RWTH Aachen University, Pauwelsstr. 30, 52074 Aachen, Germany.

Background: Progressive cognitive decline following multimodal neurooncological treatment is a common observation in patients suffering from malignant glioma. Alterations of the default-mode network (DMN) represent a possible source of impaired neurocognitive functioning and were analyzed in these patients.

Methods: Eighty patients (median age, 51 years) with glioma (WHO grade IV glioblastoma, n = 57; WHO grade III anaplastic astrocytoma, n = 13; WHO grade III anaplastic oligodendroglioma, n = 10) and ECOG performance score 0-1 underwent resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) and neuropsychological testing at a median interval of 13 months (range, 1-114 months) after initiation of therapy. Read More

J Neurooncol 2020 Jun 13. Epub 2020 Jun 13.

Division of Clinical Neurooncology, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University Duisburg-Essen, Essen, Germany.

Introduction: Tumor Treating Fields (TTFields; antimitotic treatment) delivers low-intensity, intermediate-frequency, alternating electric fields through skin-applied transducer arrays. TTFields (200 kHz) was FDA-approved in glioblastoma (GBM), based on the phase 3 EF-11 (recurrent GBM, rGBM) and EF-14 (newly diagnosed GBM, ndGBM) trials. The most common TTFields-related adverse event (AE) in both trials was array-associated skin irritation. Read More

Neurosurg Rev 2020 Jun 11. Epub 2020 Jun 11.

The Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan, China.

The optimal adjuvant treatment of high-risk low-grade glioma (LGG) is controversial. We performed this retrospective cohort study to compare three treatments including observation, radiotherapy (RT) alone, and radiotherapy combined with concomitant and adjuvant temozolomide (TMZ) chemotherapy (STUPP regimen) in patients with high-risk LGG. Patients with high-risk (age > 40 or undergoing subtotal resection or biopsy) LGG treated with observation or radiotherapy alone or STUPP regimen after operation were retrospectively analyzed. Read More

Front Neurosci 2020 19;14:390. Epub 2020 May 19.

Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Samuel Oschin Comprehensive Cancer Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States.

Recently, the ketogenic diet has been proposed as an adjunct treatment for a range of medical conditions including weight loss, diabetes, cancer, and neurodegenerative diseases. Because malignant CNS tumors are highly dependent on glucose, the use of a ketogenic diet as an adjunct therapy is currently being explored. This case series summarizes our experience implementing a ketogenic diet for patients with CNS malignancies. Read More

Brain Tumor Pathol 2020 Jul 5;37(3):95-99. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Department of Pathology, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine, 50-1 Yonsei-ro, Seodaemun-gu, Seoul, 03722, Korea.

We report a rare case of oligodendroglioma with gangliocytic differentiation. A 31-year-old male without a past medical history was admitted with a sudden seizure. On magnetic resonance imaging, an approximately 7-cm mass with necrosis was noted in the right frontal lobe. Read More

J Neurosurg 2020 Jun 5:1-5. Epub 2020 Jun 5.

Departments of1Neurosurgery.

Supplementary motor area (SMA) syndrome is well known; however, the mechanism underlying recovery from language SMA syndrome is unclear. Herein the authors report the case of a right-handed woman with speech aphasia following resection of an oligodendroglioma located in the anterior aspect of the left superior frontal gyrus. The patient exhibited language SMA syndrome, and functional MRI (fMRI) findings 12 days postoperatively demonstrated a complete shift of blood oxygen level-dependent (BOLD) activation to the contralateral right language SMA/pre-SMA as well as coequal activation and an increased volume of activation in the left Broca's area and the right Broca's homolog. Read More

J Neuropathol Exp Neurol 2020 Jul;79(7):763-766

Department of Pathology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois.

The power and widespread use of next-generation sequencing (NGS) in surgical neuropathology has raised questions as to whether NGS might someday fully supplant histologic-based examination. We therefore sought to determine the feasibility of relying on NGS alone for diagnosing infiltrating gliomas. A total of 171 brain lesions in adults, all of which had been analyzed by GlioSeq NGS, comprised the study cohort. Read More

J Clin Med 2020 May 21;9(5). Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Drug Science, Biochemistry Section, University of Catania, Viale A. Doria 6, 95125 Catania, Italy.

Central nervous system tumors are the most common pediatric solid tumors and account for 20%-25% of all childhood malignancies. Several lines of evidence suggest that brain tumors show altered redox homeostasis that triggers the activation of various survival pathways, leading to disease progression and chemoresistance. Among these pathways, heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) plays an important role. Read More

Int Rev Neurobiol 2020 13;151:171-183. Epub 2020 May 13.

Epilepsy Center, Guangdong Sanjiu Brain Hospital, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To explore the strategy of surgical treatment of low-grade brain tumors associated with epilepsy.

Methods: Clinical data of 158 patients with low-grade brain tumors were collected from January 2011 to December 2017 in Guangdong Sanjiu brain hospital. All patients received Preoperative evaluation. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2020 05 21;5:CD011475. Epub 2020 May 21.

Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada.

Background: This is an updated version of the original Cochrane Review published in Issue 8, 2016. High grade glioma (HGG) is a rapidly growing brain tumour in the supporting cells of the nervous system, with several subtypes such as glioblastoma (grade IV astrocytoma), anaplastic (grade III) astrocytoma and anaplastic (grade III) oligodendroglioma. Studies have investigated the best strategy to give radiation to people with HGG. Read More

BMC Cancer 2020 May 20;20(1):450. Epub 2020 May 20.

Department of Neurosurgery, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: The T2-FLAIR mismatch sign is an imaging finding highly suggestive of isocitrate dehydrogenase mutated (IDH-mut) 1p19q non-codeleted (non-codel) gliomas (astrocytomas). In previous studies, it has shown excellent specificity but limited sensitivity for IDH-mut astrocytomas. Whether the mismatch sign is a marker of a clinically relevant subtype of IDH-mut astrocytomas is unknown. Read More

Contrast Media Mol Imaging 2020 27;2020:2525037. Epub 2020 Apr 27.

Departamento de Materiales Radiactivos, Instituto Nacional de Investigaciones Nucleares (ININ), Ocoyoacac 52750, Estado de México, Mexico.

Overexpression of the chemokine-4 receptor (CXCR4) in brain tumors is associated with high cancer cell invasiveness. Recently, we reported the preclinical evaluation of Tc-CXCR4-L (cyclo-D-Tyr-D-[NMe]Orn[EDDA-Tc-6-hydrazinylnicotinyl]-Arg-NaI-Gly) as a SPECT radioligand capable of specifically detecting the CXCR4 protein. This research aimed to estimate the biokinetic behavior and radiation dosimetry of Tc-CXCR4-L in healthy subjects, as well as to correlate the radiotracer uptake by brain tumors in patients, with the histological grade of differentiation and CXCR4 expression evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Read More

World Neurosurg 2020 May 7. Epub 2020 May 7.

Department of Neurosurgery, West China Hospital, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, P. R. China. Electronic address:

Objective: To assess the early mortality in pediatric glioma and identify predictors of early mortality, which may provide insight into the therapeutic strategies for children with a high risk of early mortality.

Methods: We used SEER∗Stat 8.3. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2020 May 9. Epub 2020 May 9.

Dermatology Clinic, Department of Medical Sciences and Public Health, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.

J Neurosurg 2020 May 8:1-11. Epub 2020 May 8.

2Department of Radiation Oncology, Vagelos College of Physicians and Surgeons, NewYork-Presbyterian Hospital/Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, New York.

Objective: Genomic analysis in neurooncology has underscored the importance of understanding the patterns of survival in different molecular subtypes within gliomas and their responses to treatment. In particular, diffuse gliomas are now principally characterized by their mutation status (IDH1 and 1p/19q codeletion), yet there remains a paucity of information regarding the prognostic value of molecular markers and extent of resection (EOR) on survival. Furthermore, given the modern emphasis on molecular rather than histological diagnosis, it is important to examine the effect of maximal resection on survival in all gliomas with 1p/q19 codeletions, as these will now be classified as oligodendrogliomas under the new WHO guidelines. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.

The discovery of IDH1/2 (isocitrate dehydrogenase) mutation in large scale, genomewide mutational analyses of gliomas has led to profound developments in understanding tumourigenesis, and restructuring of the classification of both high and low grade gliomas. Owing to this progress made in the recognition of molecular markers which predict tumour behavior and treatment response, the increasing importance of adjuvant treatments such as chemo- and radiotherapy, and the tremendous advances in surgical technique and intraoperative monitoring which have facilitated superior extents of resection whilst preserving neurological functioning and quality of life, contemporary management of low grade glioma (LGG) has switched from a passive, observant approach to a more active, interventional one. Furthermore, this has implications for the manner in which patients with incidentally discovered and/or asymptomatic LGG are managed, and this review of the biological behaviour of LGG, as well as its clinical investigation and management, should act as a timely reminder to all clinicians of the importance of referring LGG patients early to a surgical neuro-oncologist who is not only familiar and acquainted with the vagaries of this disease process, but who, in addition, is devoted to delivering care to these patients with the support of a multi-disciplinary clinical decision-making unit, comprising medical neuro-oncologists, radiation oncologists and allied health professionals. Read More

J Mol Neurosci 2020 May 4. Epub 2020 May 4.

Department of Neurosurgery (Divisions of Neuro-oncology) and MUSC Brain & Spine Tumor Program CSB 310, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC, 29425, USA.

Allelic losses of the q13.3 region of chromosome 19 have been documented in all major types of diffuse gliomas, strongly suggesting the presence of a 19q13.3 tumor suppressor gene responsible for these malignancies. Read More

Acad Radiol 2020 Apr 28. Epub 2020 Apr 28.

Department of Neurosurgery, First Medical Center, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Rationale And Objectives: The classification of patients based on pathology and molecular features is important for improving WHO grade II glioma patient prognosis, especially for the initially diagnosed patients. Less invasive and more convenient methods for the prediction of the pathological type and gene status are desired.

Materials And Methods: This study investigates the ability to use conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and computed tomography (CT) features for determining the Isocitrate Dehydrogenase (IDH)-mutant and 1p/19q-codeletion status, through a retrospective review of information obtained from 189 WHO grade II glioma patients. Read More

Cancer Res Treat 2020 Apr 23. Epub 2020 Apr 23.

Department of Neurosurgery, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.

Purpose: The aim of this study is to evaluate the survival rate and prognostic factors of anaplastic gliomas according to the 2016 World Health Organization classification, including extent of resection (EOR) as measured by contrast-enhanced T1-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and the T2-weighted MRI.

Materials And Methods: The records of 113 patients with anaplastic glioma who were newly diagnosed at our institute between 2000 and 2013 were retrospectively reviewed. There were 62 cases (54. Read More

Int J Neurosci 2020 May 3:1-6. Epub 2020 May 3.

Department of Oncology, Oncology 1, Veneto Institute of Oncology IOV-IRCCS, Padua, Italy.

Brain tumor-related epilepsy (BTRE) is frequent in patients affected with glioma. Most patients have refractory seizures and require polytherapy. Promising treatment options derive from the development of novel anti-epileptic drugs (AEDs), like Eslicarbazepine (ESL), whose role in BTRE has not yet been explored. Read More

Ann Diagn Pathol 2020 Apr 8;46:151519. Epub 2020 Apr 8.

University School and Cleveland Clinic Department of Anatomic Pathology, USA. Electronic address:

The presence of chromosome 1p/19q co-deletion is one of the hallmark required criteria for the diagnosis of oligodendroglioma, using the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of the Central Nervous System. Descriptions in the literature of astrocytomas, primarily glioblastomas, demonstrating partial losses on one or the other chromosome have been described. The significance of these small deletions is uncertain. Read More

Childs Nerv Syst 2020 Apr 15. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Neuropathology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.

Adolescent and young adult gliomas are recently being studied as a distinct group and molecular alterations of oligodendroglioma in this group are not well defined. Few studies conducted on adolescent oligodendroglioma so far have found low frequencies of IDH mutations and 1p/19q co-deletion, which are the hallmark genetic alterations seen in adult oligodendroglioma. In this case report, we demonstrate presence of rare IDH2 mutation and 1p/19q co-deletion in an adolescent oligodendroglioma. Read More

Neuro Oncol 2020 Jul;22(7):907-908

Brain Tumor Center at Erasmus Medical Center Cancer Institute, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Ann Clin Transl Neurol 2020 04 15;7(4):429-436. Epub 2020 Apr 15.

Department of Neurology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York.

Purpose: Malignant glioma (MG) is the most deadly primary brain cancer. Signaling though the PI3K/AKT/mTOR axis is activated in most MGs and therefore a potential therapeutic target. The mTOR inhibitor temsirolimus and the AKT inhibitor perifosine are each well-tolerated as single agents but with limited activity reclinical data demonstrate synergistic anti-tumor effects from combined treatment. Read More

PLoS One 2020 14;15(4):e0231440. Epub 2020 Apr 14.

Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, Institute of Psychiatry, London, England, United Kingdom.

Background And Purpose: There is limited standardization of acquisition and processing methods in diffusion tractography for pre-surgical planning, leading to a range of approaches. In this study, a number of representative acquisition variants and post processing methods are considered, to assess their importance when implementing a clinical tractography program.

Methods: Diffusion MRI was undertaken in ten healthy volunteers, using protocols typical of clinical and research scanning: a 32-direction diffusion acquisition with and without peripheral gating, and a non-gated 64 diffusion direction acquisition. Read More

Acad Pathol 2020 Jan-Dec;7:2374289520914021. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

NYU Langone Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

http://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10. Read More

Neurol Res 2020 Jun 3;42(6):522-527. Epub 2020 Apr 3.

Department of Neurosurgery, Yuquan Hospital, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China.

: is overexpressed in multiple cancers including malignant glioma and contributes to different cellular processes. However, little attention has been paid to the lower grade glioma (LGG).: Cox coefficients were examined to compare expression among different tumors types using OncoLnc. Read More

Surg Technol Int 2020 May;36:453-456

Institute of Neurosurgery, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli Irccs, Catholic University, Rome, Italy.

Pr5-ALA has been well-established for use in intraoperative fluorescence-guided resection of malignant glioma. It is not as strongly supported for use with low-grade gliomas (LGG) because only a few of these, less than 20%, have visible porphyrin accumulation, which is useful for 5-ALA-guided surgery. We report here our experience with 5-ALA uptake in a case of suspected relapse of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-codeleted. Read More

Brain Tumor Pathol 2020 Apr 29;37(2):33-40. Epub 2020 Mar 29.

Department of Neurosurgery, Fujita Health University, Toyoake, Aichi, 4701192, Japan.

According to the 2016 World Health Organization (WHO) classification of central nervous system tumors, diffuse astrocytic and oligodendroglial tumors are differentiated by the presence of isocitrate dehydrogenase 1 or 2 (IDH1/2) mutation and the combined loss of the short arm of chromosome 1 and the long arm of chromosome 19 (1p/19q co-deletion). IDH-mutant astrocytoma often has p53 and alpha-thalassemia/mental retardation syndrome X-linked (ATRX) mutation, showing the alternative lengthening of telomeres (ALT) phenotype, while IDH-mutant and 1p/19q-co-deleted oligodendroglioma often have wild-type p53 and telomerase reverse transcriptase (TERT) promoter mutation, showing telomerase activation. This study analyzed IDH, ATRX, and TERT promoter mutations, and the correlation between them. Read More

Hell J Nucl Med 2020 Jan-Apr;23(1):92-93. Epub 2020 Mar 31.

Department of Nuclear Medicine, Affiliated Hospital of North Sichuan Medical College, No.1, Maoyuan South Road,637000 Nanchong, Sichuan province, P. R. China.

Zhonghua Bing Li Xue Za Zhi 2020 Mar;49(3):234-238

Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China.

To analyze the expression of SMARCE1 in clear cell meningioma (CCM), and evaluate the role of SMARCE1 in the differential diagnosis in morphologically similar diseases. Thirteen samples/11 cases of CCMs were collected from the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Xuanwu Hospital of Capital Medical University and Thaihe Hospital of Hubei Province from January 2000 to December 2018, as well as 17 cases of meningiomas with clear-cell-like morphology, 782 cases of other types of meningiomas and other intracranial tumors with clear-like morphology. A tissue microarray was made using these cases, on which immunohistochemical/histochemical staining of SMARCE1, SSTR2, EMA, Ki-67, p53, PAS and D-PAS were performed. Read More

Am Soc Clin Oncol Educ Book 2020 Mar;40:1-8

Departments of Therapeutic Radiology and Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.

Since the first discovery of isocitrate dehydrogenase ( mutations in cancer, considerable progress has been made in our understanding of their contribution to cancer development. For glioma, this has helped to identify two diagnostic groups of tumors (oligodendroglioma and astrocytoma ) with distinct clinical characteristics and that are now diagnosed by the presence of the mutations. The metabolic changes occurring as the consequence of the altered substrate affinity of the mutant IDH protein results in a cascade of intracellular changes, also inducing a relative sensitivity to chemotherapy and radiotherapy compared with tumors. Read More

J Clin Neurosci 2020 Apr 10;74:187-193. Epub 2020 Mar 10.

Department of Neurosurgery, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, United States. Electronic address:

High grade gliomas are associated with poor prognosis and high mortality. Conventional treatments and management of high grade gliomas have shown little improvement in 5-year overall survival. This phase I trial evaluated the safety, immunogenicity, and potential synergy of surgical resection with Gliadel Wafer implantation, followed by autologous tumor lysate-pulsed dendritic cell (DC) vaccine in patients with malignant glioma. Read More

AJNR Am J Neuroradiol 2020 04 12;41(4):712-717. Epub 2020 Mar 12.

Radiology (S.C.).

The olfactory bulbs and tracts are central nervous system white matter tracts maintained by central neuroglia. Although rare, gliomas can originate from and progress to involve the olfactory apparatus. Through a Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act-compliant retrospective review of the institutional teaching files and brain MR imaging reports spanning 10 years, we identified 12 cases of gliomas involving the olfactory bulbs and tracts, including 6 cases of glioblastoma, 2 cases of anaplastic oligodendroglioma, and 1 case each of pilocytic astrocytoma, diffuse (grade II) astrocytoma, anaplastic astrocytoma (grade III), and diffuse midline glioma. Read More

Front Neurosci 2020 21;14:27. Epub 2020 Feb 21.

Cancer Imaging Program, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, United States.

Biomedical imaging Is an important source of information in cancer research. Characterizations of cancer morphology at onset, progression, and in response to treatment provide complementary information to that gleaned from genomics and clinical data. Accurate extraction and classification of both visual and latent image features Is an increasingly complex challenge due to the increased complexity and resolution of biomedical image data. Read More

Acta Neuropathol Commun 2020 03 9;8(1):27. Epub 2020 Mar 9.

Department of Neuropathology, University Hospitals Erlangen, Schwabachanalge 6, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.

Brain tumors represent the second most frequent etiology in patients with focal seizure onset before 18 years of age and submitted to epilepsy surgery. Hence, this category of brain tumors, herein defined as low-grade, developmental, epilepsy-associated brain tumors (LEAT) is different from those frequently encountered in adults as (A): 77% of LEAT occur in the temporal lobe; (B): the vast majority of LEAT are of low malignancy and classified as WHO I°; (C): LEAT are often composed of mixed glial and neuronal cell components and present with variable growth patterns including small cysts or nodules; (D): LEAT do not share common gene driving mutations, such as IDH1 or 1p/19q co-deletions. Characteristic entities comprise the ganglioglioma (GG), the dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumor (DNT), the angiocentric glioma (AG), the isomorphic diffuse glioma (IDG) and the papillary glio-neuronal tumor (PGNT), representing 73. Read More

Clin Neuropathol 2020 Mar 8. Epub 2020 Mar 8.

Front Oncol 2020 4;10:78. Epub 2020 Feb 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China.

The tumor immune microenvironment (TIME) plays a pivotal role in tumor development, progression, and prognosis. However, the characteristics of the TIME in diffuse astrocytoma (DA) are still unclear. Leveraging mass cytometry with a panel of 33 markers, we analyzed the infiltrating immune cells from 10 DA and 4 oligodendroglioma (OG) tissues and provided a single cell-resolution landscape of the intricate immune microenvironment. Read More