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Exp Eye Res 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Institute of Developmental Genetics, D-85764, Neuherberg, Germany. Electronic address:

During an ENU (N-ethyl-N-nitrosourea) mutagenesis screen, we observed a dominant small-eye mutant mouse with viable homozygotes. A corresponding mutant line was established and referred to as Aey69 (abnormality of the eye #69). Comprehensive phenotyping of the homozygous Aey69 mutants in the German Mouse Clinic revealed only a subset of statistically significant alterations between wild types and homozygous mutants. Read More

Xenotransplantation 2019 Apr 14:e12515. Epub 2019 Apr 14.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

We investigated the predictive biomarkers for graft rejection in pig-to-non-human primate (NHP) full-thickness corneal xenotransplantation (n = 34). The graft score (0-12) was calculated based on opacity, edema, and vascularization. Scores ≥ 6 were defined as rejection. Read More

J Leukoc Biol 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Department of Internal Medicine 3-Rheumatology and Immunology, Friedrich-Alexander-Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg (FAU) and Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.

Eye rheum is a physiological discharge, which accumulates at the medial angle of the healthy eye soon after opening in the morning. Microscopic evaluation of eye rheum revealed the presence of viable neutrophils, bacteria, epithelial cells, and particles, aggregated by neutrophil extracellular traps. We observed that in the evening, during eye closure, high C5a recruited neutrophils to the tear film and activated them. Read More

Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2019 Apr 11. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Centre for Eye Research Australia, Victoria, Australia.

Importance: few prior studies have described the epidemiology of uveitis in the Australian population.

Background: to report the incidence and period prevalence of active uveitis in Melbourne and detail their subtypes and etiologies.

Design: cross-sectional study using retrospective medical record review in a tertiary hospital. Read More

Ophthalmic Res 2019 Apr 10:1-12. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of General Ophthalmology, Medical University of Lublin, Lublin, Poland.

Kynurenine (KYN) is a metabolite of tryptophan, proposed for the treatment of corneal diseases. Our goal was to evaluate the effects of KYN on normal human corneal and conjunctival epithelial cells in vitro and the re-epithelization of corneal erosion in rabbits. In our study, we used corneal (10. Read More

Genet Med 2019 Apr 10. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, John A Moran Eye Center, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Purpose: To identify the molecular cause in five unrelated families with a distinct autosomal dominant ocular systemic disorder we called ROSAH syndrome due to clinical features of retinal dystrophy, optic nerve edema, splenomegaly, anhidrosis, and migraine headache.

Methods: Independent discovery exome and genome sequencing in families 1, 2, and 3, and confirmation in families 4 and 5. Expression of wild-type messenger RNA and protein in human and mouse tissues and cell lines. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2019 Apr 6. Epub 2019 Apr 6.

Division of Allergy, Immunology, and Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Taipei Medical University Shuang Ho Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan

Objective: Patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are susceptible to herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection, which occasionally leads to severe complications including meningoencephalitis and keratitis. However, few attempts to analyse the associated incidence and risk factors have been made.

Methods: We enrolled patients with SLE recorded between 1997 and 2012 and compared the incidence rate (IR) of severe HSV infection, including meningoencephalitis, septicaemia, ocular and visceral involvement, and other specific complications demanding hospitalisation, with that of a non-SLE cohort. Read More

J Allergy Clin Immunol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

MACVIA-France, Fondation partenariale FMC VIA-LR, Montpellier, France; Epidemiology of Allergic and Respiratory Diseases, Department Institute Pierre Louis of Epidemiology and Public Health, INSERM and UPMC Sorbonne Université, Medical School Saint Antoine, Paris, France; INSERM U 1168, VIMA : Ageing and chronic diseases Epidemiological and public health approaches, Villejuif, Université Versailles St-Quentin-en-Yvelines, UMR-S 1168, Montigny le Bretonneux, France and Euforea, Brussels, Belgium. Electronic address:

Background: Mobile health may be used to generate innovative insights into optimizing treatment to improve allergic rhinitis control.

Objectives: A cross-sectional real world observational study was undertaken in 22 countries to complement a pilot study and bring novel information on medication use, disease control and work productivity in everyday life of patients with allergic rhinitis.

Methods: A mobile phone app (Allergy Diary, freely available Google Play and Apple stores) was used to collect data of daily visual analogue scales (VAS) for (i) overall allergic symptoms, (ii) nasal, ocular and asthma symptoms, (iii) work, as well as (iv) medication use using a treatment scroll list including all allergy medications (prescribed and over-the-counter (OTC)) customized for 22 countries. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Ophthalmology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD; Department of Epidemiology, The Johns Hopkins University Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD.

Purpose: To assess how often non-infectious anterior scleritis remits and identify predictive factors.

Methods: Our retrospective cohort study at four ocular inflammation subspecialty centers collected data for each affected eye/patient at every visit from center inception (1978, 1978, 1984, 2005) until 2010. Remission was defined as inactivity of disease off all suppressive medications at all visits spanning at least three consecutive months or at all visits up to the last visit (to avoid censoring patients stopping follow-up after remission). Read More

J Ophthalmol 2019 4;2019:2163809. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To investigate visual performances after a unilateral or bilateral implantation of enlarged depth-of-focus intraocular lens in patients with cataract.

Methods: In this prospective study, uneventful phacoemulsification and TECNIS® Symfony intraocular lens implantation were performed in 20 eyes of 17 patients. At postoperative 1, 4, and 12 weeks, the logarithm of the minimal angle of resolution visual acuity at far, intermediate, and near distances and the spherical equivalent in manifest refraction and automated refraction were measured. Read More

Genet Test Mol Biomarkers 2019 Mar 30. Epub 2019 Mar 30.

5 Center for Genetics and Inherited Diseases, Taibah University, Almadinah Almunawwarah, Saudi Arabia.

Objective: Heterozygous pathogenic variants in the COL2A1 gene result in several clinical features including impaired skeletal growth, ocular and otolaryngological abnormalities. Missense mutations, specifically, a c.1357G>A (p. Read More

J Mater Chem B 2019 Feb 25;7(8):1276-1283. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, 15261, USA.

Low patient compliance and poor bioavailability of ophthalmic medications are the main limitations of topical eye drops. A potential solution to these disadvantages could be provided by thermoresponsive hydrogels, which could be used as the basis for a gelling eye drop for long-term release of therapeutics. We previously reported such a system capable of being retained in the lower fornix of rabbits, continuously releasing an anti-glaucoma drug for one month. Read More

Med Hypothesis Discov Innov Ophthalmol 2019 ;8(1):28-33

Eye Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.

Glaucoma is the second cause of irreversible blindness, and the Primary Open Angle Glaucoma (POAG) subtype is the most common type of glaucoma. It has been shown that genetic mutations increase the risk of POAG used for early detection. The aim of the current study was to determine the association between genetic variations of Myocilin (MYOC) gene and susceptibility to POAG in the Iranian population. Read More

Clin Exp Immunol 2019 Mar 28. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Henan Province Eye Hospital, Henan International Joint Research Laboratory for Ocular Immunology and Retinal Injury Repair, Zhengzhou, China.

The aim of this study was to determine the association between 13 single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the cytotoxic T lymphocyte-associated antigen-4 (CTLA4) and protein tyrosine phosphatase non-receptor type 22 (PTPN22) genes with scleritis in a Chinese Han population. We recruited 432 scleritis patients and 710 healthy controls. Four tag SNPs of CTLA4 and nine tag SNPs of PTPN22 were selected using Haploview. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2019 18;12(3):375-380. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University; Ocular immunology and Inflammation Institute; Shaanxi Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ophthalmology, Xi'an 710038, Shaanxi Province, China.

Aim: To analyze the expression of uncoupling protein 2 (UCP2) in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells at the different human age, further explore the possible new target of RPE cells protection.

Methods: Adult retinal pigment epithelial-19 (ARPE-19) cells and the primary RPE cells at the different age (9-20y, 50-55y, 60-70y, >70y) were cultured and harvested. The expression of UCP2 in these cells was detected by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), Western blot and confocal microscopy. Read More

Int J Ophthalmol 2019 18;12(3):363-368. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita 010-8543, Japan.

Aim: To investigate the alterations in both structure and contractile responsiveness of ocular ciliary artery (OCA) in spontaneously hypertensive rat (SHR).

Methods: In this experiment, 20-week-old male SHR and Wistar Kyoto rat (WKY) were studied. The heart rate (HR), the blood pressure (BP; the systolic BP and the diastolic BP) of rats with an electronic sphygmomanometer were measured. Read More

mSphere 2019 03 27;4(2). Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Sex differences related to immune response and inflammation play a role in the susceptibility and pathogenesis of a variety of viral infections and disease (S. L. Klein, Bioessays 34:1050-1059, 2012, https://doi. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Stem Cell Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz, Iran.

Hemoderivative materials are used to treat different diseases. These derivatives include platelet-rich plasma, serum, platelet gel, and platelet lysate (PL). Among them, PL contains more growth factors than the others and its production is inexpensive and easy. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Mar 22;20(6). Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Center for AIDS Health Disparities Research, Department of Microbiology, Immunology, and Physiology, School of Medicine, Meharry Medical College, 1005 Dr. D.B. Todd Jr. Blvd., Hubbard Hospital, 5th Floor, Rm. 5025, Nashville, TN 37208, USA.

Pericytes are multipotent cells of the vascular system with cytoplasmic extensions proximal to endothelial cells that occur along the abluminal surface of the endothelium. The interactions between endothelial cells and pericytes are essential for proper microvascular formation, development, stabilization, and maintenance. Pericytes are essential for the regulation of paracellular flow between cells, transendothelial fluid transport, angiogenesis, and vascular immunosurveillance. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2019 17;2019:9356728. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Department of Ophthalmology, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Germany.

Purpose: To compare the intraocular cytokine and chemokine profiles in patients with acute primary acquired ocular toxoplasmosis (pOT) or recurrent ocular toxoplasmosis (rOT) and to correlate them with their clinical characteristics.

Methods: Aqueous humor samples were collected from 62 consecutive patients (21 pOT, 30 rOT, and 11 noninfected controls) and analyzed by multiplex assay. Correlations were assessed between cytokine/chemokine levels, type of inflammatory response (T1, T2, and T17), and clinical characteristics. Read More

Ocul Surf 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Visual and Anatomical Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA; Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Immunology, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Zika virus (ZIKV) has emerged as an important human pathogen causing ocular complications. There have been reports of the shedding of ZIKV in human as well as animal tears. In this study, we investigated the infectivity of ZIKV in corneal epithelial cells and their antiviral immune response. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 23;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Rheumatology, Allergy and Immunology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore, Singapore.

We report a case of a woman who was admitted with a suspicion of metastatic malignancy of unknown primary origin. A few months prior to her admission, she presented to a rheumatologist with acute anterior uveitis, psoriasiform rashes and polyarthritis. A diagnosis of psoriatic arthropathy was made and she was treated accordingly. Read More

Equine Vet J 2019 Mar 23. Epub 2019 Mar 23.

Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, University of California-Davis, Davis, California, USA.

Background: Belgian horses are commonly affected with ocular squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), the most common cancer of the equine eye. A missense mutation in damage-specific DNA binding protein 2 (DDB2 c.1013C>T, p. Read More

Nanomedicine (Lond) 2019 Apr 22;14(8):1049-1072. Epub 2019 Mar 22.

Nanomedicine-Laboratory of Immunology & Molecular Biomedical Research (NLIMBR), School of Medicine (SOM), Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Waurn Ponds, Geelong 3216, Australia.

Corneal scarring refers to the loss of normal corneal tissue, replaced by fibrotic tissue (during wound repair) thereby affecting corneal transparency and vision quality. The corneal wound healing process involves a complex series of physiological events resulting in the transformation of transparent keratocytes into opaque myofibroblasts; the prominent cause of irregular extracellular matrix synthesis leading to the development of corneal opacity/hazy vision. Globally, corneal scarring/haze is one of the most prevalent causes of blindness. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 03 20;10(1):1284. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

deCODE genetics/Amgen, Reykjavik, Iceland.

The corneal endothelium is vital for transparency and proper hydration of the cornea. Here, we conduct a genome-wide association study of corneal endothelial cell density (cells/mm), coefficient of cell size variation (CV), percentage of hexagonal cells (HEX) and central corneal thickness (CCT) in 6,125 Icelanders and find associations at 10 loci, including 7 novel. We assess the effects of these variants on various ocular biomechanics such as corneal hysteresis (CH), as well as eye diseases such as glaucoma and corneal dystrophies. Read More

EMBO Rep 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

School of Biochemistry and Immunology, Trinity Biomedical Sciences Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin 2, Ireland

Regulatory T (Treg) cells help to maintain tolerance and prevent the development of autoimmune diseases. Retinoic acid (RA) can promote peripheral conversion of naïve T cells into Foxp3 Treg cells. Here, we show that RA can act as an adjuvant to induce antigen-specific type 1 Treg (Tr1) cells, which is augmented by co-administration of IL-2. Read More

Front Immunol 2019 5;10:384. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Division of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.

Uveitis is the most common extra-articular manifestation of ankylosing spondylitis (AS), for which no diagnostic biomarkers have been identified. This study was conducted to identify biomarker for uveitis in AS. To identify autoantibodies associated with uveitis in AS, we performed human protein microarray analysis using sera derived from various autoimmune diseases and ELISA analysis of sera derived from AS and rheumatoid arthritis patients. Read More

Allergy 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

CHU Estaing, Unité d'Allergologie de l'Enfant CHU Estaing 63003 Clermont-Ferrand Cedex1, France.

The treatment and management of ocular allergy (OA) remains a major concern for different specialties, including allergists, ophthalmologists, primary care physicians, rhinologists, pediatricians, dermatologists, clinical immunologists and pharmacists. We performed a systematic review of all relevant publications in Medline, SCOPUS and WebScience including systematic reviews and meta-analysis. Publications were considered relevant if they addressed treatments, or management strategies of OA. Read More

J Gen Intern Med 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Stanford Center for Undiagnosed Diseases, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA.

We discuss a challenging case of a 58-year-old Vietnamese-American woman who presented to her new primary care provider with an 8-year history of slowly progressive dysphagia, hoarseness, muscle weakness with associated frequent falls, and weight loss. She eventually reported dry eyes and dry mouth, and she was diagnosed with Sjogren's syndrome. Subsequently, she was additionally diagnosed with inclusion body myositis and gastric light-chain (AL) amyloidosis. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Director, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, 31 Center Drive MSC 2510, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.

Purpose: To describe the motivations, expectations, and other factors men with X-linked retinoschisis (XLRS) consider when making decisions to participate in an early-phase ocular gene therapy clinical trial.

Design: Qualitative interview study METHODS: Men with XLRS who were considering participation in a Phase I/IIa ocular gene therapy clinical trial at the National Eye Institute were eligible for this study. Trial participants (n=9) were interviewed prior to receiving the gene transfer and then 3 and 12 months later. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2019 Mar;60(4):954-964

Vanderbilt-Ingram Cancer Center, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, United States.

Purpose: To use our intra-arterial chemotherapy (IAC) rabbit model to assess the impact of IAC procedure, drug, dose, and choice of technique on ocular structure and function, to study the nature and etiology of IAC toxicity, and to compare to observations in patients.

Methods: Rabbits received IAC melphalan (0.4-0. Read More

Clin Exp Rheumatol 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Immunology and Department of Internal Medicine, Section of Clinical Immunology, Erasmus University Medical Center Rotterdam, the Netherlands.

Objectives: The TNF-blocker adalimumab can be effective in Behçet's disease (BD), a multisystem auto-inflammatory disorder. Unfortunately, the therapeutic efficacy of TNF-blockers can be hampered by the formation of anti-drug antibodies. We present an observational study of adalimumab in refractory BD with measurement of anti-drug antibodies. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 11;19(1):72. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, 101 Daehak-ro, Jongno-gu, Seoul, 110-744, South Korea.

Background: To investigate the efficacy and safety of the retention ring-assisted continuous application of 0.1% riboflavin in pulsed-light accelerated corneal collagen cross-linking on the progression of keratoconus.

Methods: The medical records of 20 eyes of 18 patients with progressive keratoconus who received collagen cross-linking at Seoul National University Hospital were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

National Institute of Health Research, Biomedical Research Centre in Ophthalmology, Moorfields Eye Hospital NHS Foundation Trust and UCL Institute of Ophthalmology, London, UK.

Background/aim: To report the efficacy and tolerability of antitumour necrosis factor-alpha therapy (TNF inhibitors [TNFi]) in the management of non-infectious ocular inflammation, including uveitis and scleritis, in adult patients over an 8-year period.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective cohort study of infliximab and adalimumab in the treatment of non-infectious ocular inflammatory disease. 43 of 85 adult patients on TNFi (34 infliximab, 9 adalimumab) for ≥1 year with non-infectious uveitis or scleritis were followed from 2006 to 2014. Read More

Swiss Med Wkly 2019 02 10;149:w20025. Epub 2019 Mar 10.

Jules-Gonin Eye Hospital, Fondation Asile des Aveugles, Ophthalmology Department, University of Lausanne, Switzerland.

Ocular inflammations such as uveitis and scleritis can lead to significant visual impairment if not treated properly. To limit potentially sight-threatening complications, good control of the inflammation in the acute phase is necessary. Corticosteroids have been the mainstay of ocular therapies for many years, but high doses of corticosteroids, which are required to maintain quiescence in severe uveitis, can be associated with many systemic and ocular complications. Read More

Can J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 21;54(1):33-39. Epub 2018 May 21.

Department of corneal and refractive surgery, Narayana Nethralaya, Bangalore.. Electronic address:

Objective: To present clinical manifestations of bilateral acute depigmentation of Iris (BADI) and bilateral acute iris transillumination (BAIT) and discuss its pathogenesis.

Design: Retrospective descriptive case study.

Participants: Twenty-two patients diagnosed with BADI or BAIT. Read More

Surv Ophthalmol 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA; Department of Pathology and Immunology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA. Electronic address:

A 64-year-old Caucasian man had been diagnosed with presumed ocular surface squamous neoplasia in the left eye and started on topical interferon alpha 2b drops. When we saw him, he provided a history of penetrating corneal injury more than forty years prior. Slit lamp examination revealed a large, elevated, opaque lesion involving the left cornea. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2019 May;30(3):179-186

Department of Ophthalmology, IHU FORESIGHT, Pitié-Salpêtrière Hospital, APHP, Sorbonne-University.

Purpose Of Review: The aim of this review is to highlight recent changes in the treatment of juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) - associated uveitis in the era of biologics.

Recent Findings: Early introduction of steroid-sparing therapies is paramount for appropriate management. Biologic therapies have improved the therapeutic management of JIA-uveitis and adalimumab is currently approved for pediatric-onset noninfectious chronic anterior uveitis with an inadequate response to topical steroids and methotrexate. Read More

Immune Netw 2019 Feb 27;19(1):e3. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.

Aging is a complex process associated with dysregulation of the immune system and low levels of inflammation, often associated with the onset of many pathologies. The lacrimal gland (LG) plays a vital role in the maintenance of ocular physiology and changes related to aging directly affect eye diseases. The dysregulation of the immune system in aging leads to quantitative and qualitative changes in antibodies and cytokines. Read More

Iran J Basic Med Sci 2019 Feb;22(2):128-133

Medical Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Gorgan, Iran.

Objectives: It is known that extremely low frequency-pulsed electromagnetic fields (ELF-PEMF) influence multiple cellular and molecular processes. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells have a significant part in the emergence and pathophysiology of several ocular disorders, such as neovascularization. This study assessed the impact of ELF-PEMF on the proangiogenic features of RPE cells. Read More

Ann Rheum Dis 2019 May 2;78(5):641-647. Epub 2019 Mar 2.

Translational Medicine, Novartis Pharma, Basel, Switzerland

Objectives: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of ianalumab (VAY736), a B cell-depleting, B cell activating factor receptor-blocking, monoclonal antibody, in patients with active primary Sjögren's syndrome (pSS) in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase II, single-centre study.

Methods: Patients with pSS, EULAR Sjögren's Syndrome Disease Activity Index (ESSDAI) ≥6, were randomised to ianalumab single infusion at either 3 mg/kg (n=6), 10 mg/kg (n=12) or placebo (n=9). Outcomes were measured blinded at baseline and weeks 6, 12, 24, and unblinded at end of study (EoS) when B cell numbers had recovered. Read More

PLoS One 2019 1;14(3):e0213103. Epub 2019 Mar 1.

Department of Ophthalmology, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Purpose: To investigate the risk factors, microbiological profiles, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and treatment outcome in patients with bacterial keratitis at a Korean tertiary hospital.

Methods: A retrospective chart review was performed of patients who were diagnosed with infectious keratitis and underwent corneal scrapings for cultures at Seoul National University Hospital between 2007 and 2016. Demographics, clinical characteristics, microbiological data, antibiotic resistance and sensitivity, and treatment outcome were collected. Read More

Br J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 28. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, University of California Los Angeles, Stein Eye Institute, Los Angeles, California, USA

Background/aims: Hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) retinopathy may result in severe and irreversible vision loss, emphasising the importance of screening and early detection. The purpose of this study is to report the novel finding of early optical coherence tomography (OCT) abnormalities due to HCQ toxicity that may develop in the setting of normal Humphrey visual field (HVF) testing.

Methods: Data from patients with chronic HCQ exposure was obtained from seven tertiary care retina centres. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2019 Feb 27;20(5). Epub 2019 Feb 27.

Department of Immunology and Research Unit, Institute of Ophthalmology "Conde de Valenciana Foundation", 06800 Mexico City, Mexico.

Allergic conjunctivitis (AC) is one of the most common ophthalmological disorders seen in clinical practice. Growing evidence from recent years suggests that a subset of IL-10-expressing B cells is involved in inflammatory allergic diseases. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the potential involvement of blood Bregs cells in perennial allergic conjunctivitis (PAC), and interleukins (IL)-1β, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, and IL-12, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, were measured in tear samples and compared with healthy controls (HC) using flow cytometry. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019 Feb 26:1-6. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

a Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science , Escola Paulista de Medicina (EPM), Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP) , São Paulo , Brazil.

Purpose: To describe the approach of Brazilian specialists in the diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis-associated uveitis (TBU).

Methods: Members of the Brazilian Uveitis Society received an electronic invitation to participate in an online questionnaire.

Results: Of the 169 invited specialists, 78 answered the questionnaire. Read More

Ocul Immunol Inflamm 2019 Feb 22:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

d Department of Ophthalmology , California Pacific Medical Center , San Francisco , CA , USA.

Purpose: To review the systemic and ocular manifestations of specific emergent viral infectious diseases relevant to the ophthalmologist with particular emphasis on anterior uveitis Methods: Review of literature.

Results: Arboviral diseases are among the most important emergent and resurgent human infections, occurring mostly in tropical and subtropical zones, but appearing in virtually all regions of the world as a result of climate change, travel, and globalization. Arboviral infections are transmitted to humans by the bite of hematophagous arthropods, mainly mosquitoes. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Ocular Surface Imaging Center, Cornea and Refractive Surgery Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear Infirmary, Department of Ophthalmology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA; Center for Translational Ocular Immunology, and Cornea Service, New England Eye Center, Department of Ophthalmology, Tufts Medical Center, Tufts University School of Medicine, Boston, MA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Diagnosis of graft rejection is based on patient symptoms and on clinical signs by the slit-lamp biomicroscopy. The purpose of this study is to investigate whether laser in vivo confocal microscopy (IVCM) can aid in the diagnosis of corneal graft rejection by detecting cellular corneal changes that take place after transplantation.

Design: Prospective case-control study. Read More

BMC Neurol 2019 Feb 19;19(1):28. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Department of Neurology, Harrison International Peace Hospital, 2 Renmin Zhong Road, Taocheng District, Hengshui, 050000, Hebei, China.

Background: Periodic alternating ping-pong gaze (PPG) is a rare disease with few reports. To our knowledge, there was no report on anti GQ1b antibody syndrome accompanied by PPG. This paper reported a case of anti GQ1b antibody syndrome with Bickerstaff's Encephalitis (BBE) overlapping classic Guillain-Barre Syndrome (GBS) after aortic valve replacement, accompanied by an excessive PPG in the course of diagnosis and treatment, this was indeed rarely. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Assistance Publique Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Bicêtre, Service d'Ophtalmologie, DHU Vision & Handicaps, Centre de référence pour les maladies rares en ophtalmologie (OPHTARA), F-94275, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; Université Paris-Sud, F-94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; INSERM U1184, Immunology of Viral Infections and Autoimmune Diseases, F-94276, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre, France; CEA, DSV/iMETI, IDMIT, F-92265, Fontenay-aux-Roses, France Department of Immunology of viral and auto-immune disease, (IMVA/ IDMIT), UMR1184, CEA, Fontenay-aux-Roses. Electronic address:

Purpose: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI) targeting the programmed cell death protein 1 (PD-1), or its ligand PD-L1, are the mainstay of metastatic cancer treatment. Patients receiving these treatments may develop immune-related adverse events (irAEs). This study aimed to estimate the prevalence and describe the clinical patterns of moderate to severe ocular irAEs-associated with anti-PD-(L)1 treatment. Read More

J Immunol Res 2019 13;2019:7935451. Epub 2019 Jan 13.

Ocular Surface Diseases and Dry Eye Clinic, The Wilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Background: Diagnostic criteria for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) are continually being updated in pursuit of more precise and earlier diagnosis to prevent its complications. Owing to the high rate of false negative traditional serological markers, the need for better serological testing remains.

Objective: To investigate the clinical significance of three recently discovered novel autoantibodies, anti-salivary gland protein 1 (SP1), anti-carbonic anhydrase 6 (CA6), and anti-parotid secretory protein (PSP), in a cohort of dry eye patients with suspected underlying inflammatory/autoimmune disease. Read More