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Int J Appl Basic Med Res 2021 Apr-Jun;11(2):80-84. Epub 2021 Apr 8.

Department of Ophthalmology, Government Medical College, Jammu, Jammu and Kashmir, India.

Background: Glaucoma is a serious vision-threatening condition appropriately called as the silent killer of sight. The effect of postoperative fibrosis on success of filtration surgeries requires modulation of the wound healing process.

Aim: The aim of the study was to compare trabeculectomy augmented with collagen matrix implant with mitomycin C in primary glaucoma. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2021 Jan;47(1):130

A 59-year-old man with mild to moderate pigmentary glaucoma was referred for management of hypotony-related maculopathy 3 years after combined phacoemulsification and trabeculectomy in his right eye. His ocular history is significant for retinal detachment in the right eye that was surgically treated with a pars plana vitrectomy and scleral buckle 5 years prior to the current presentation and 1 year prior to his combined phacoemulsification-trabeculectomy procedure. After trabeculectomy, he reportedly had a wound leak with hypotony and choroidal effusion. Read More

Laryngoscope 2021 Apr 21. Epub 2021 Apr 21.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

A 29-year-old male presented to the emergency department with an orbital fracture. He denied ocular symptoms and CT showed bilateral fracture of nasal bones, left medial orbital wall, and left orbital floor, with herniation of orbital fat and minimal retrobulbar hematoma. Pre-operative ophthalmic exam was unremarkable. Read More

Pediatr Emerg Care 2021 Mar 23. Epub 2021 Mar 23.

From the Division of Pediatric Emergency Medicine, Department of Emergency Medicine, Columbia University Irving Medical Center | NewYork-Presbyterian Morgan Stanley Children's Hospital, New York, NY.

Objectives: Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) associated with coronavirus disease 2019 is a novel pediatric condition with significant morbidity and mortality. The primary objective of this investigation was to describe the point-of-care ultrasound (POCUS) findings in patients evaluated in the emergency department (ED) who were diagnosed with MIS-C.

Methods: A retrospective cross-sectional study was conducted including patients <21-years-old who had POCUS performed for clinical care in a pediatric ED and were diagnosed with MIS-C. Read More

J Cataract Refract Surg 2021 Mar 9. Epub 2021 Mar 9.

Advanced Vision Care, Los Angeles.

Cyclodialysis clefts are often associated with ocular hypotony and attendant maculopathy. However, these clefts create an alternative aqueous outflow pathway that can be useful to maintain IOP at physiologic levels under some conditions. At normal levels of IOP they may prevent glaucoma damage and avoid maculopathy of hypotony. Read More

PLoS One 2021 25;16(3):e0249139. Epub 2021 Mar 25.

Department of Ophthalmology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan.

Objective: To compare surgical outcomes between 27 and 25-gauge vitrectomy in proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR) with tractional retinal detachment (TRD).

Methods: This retrospective study was conducted to compare the intraoperative status, operation time, use of instruments, endotamponade substance, wound suture number, and iatrogenic break, between 27 and 25-gauge vitrectomy in 43 eyes afflicted by PDR with TRD. The post-surgical results, best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure, recurrent vitreous haemorrhage, and re-operation rate were regularly followed up for 6 months. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2021 Mar 1. Epub 2021 Mar 1.

Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Badalona, Barcelona, España.

A cyclodialysis cleft is a rare disease that is produced as a result of a separation of the longitudinal fibers of the ciliary body muscle from the scleral spur. A stepwise approach is the best course of action to treat cyclodialysis, starting with medical therapy and continuing with more invasive surgical options. We report a case of ocular hypotony due a traumatic cyclodialysis successfully resolved with transscleral cryotherapy. Read More

Turk J Ophthalmol 2021 Feb;51(1):58-61

Dalma & Asociados, SC. Cuidad de México, México.

We present a case of a 29-year-old male night watchman complaining of sudden decreased vision, redness, and tearing of the left eye. On anamnesis, trauma was denied and personal past history was relevant for right eye enucleation due to an "eye injury" 8 years prior. At presentation, his visual acuity was 20/200 and intraocular pressure (IOP) was 10 mmHg. Read More

Ophthalmic Genet 2021 Feb 23:1-4. Epub 2021 Feb 23.

Retina Service, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.

: Multiple congenital anomalies-hypotony-seizures syndrome 3 (MCAHS3) is a rare autosomal recessive disorder caused by mutations in the gene. encodes phosphatidylinositol-glycan biosynthesis class T, which plays a crucial role in protein anchoring to cell membranes. The clinical presentation of MCAHS3 is variable in expression and severity, but can be characterized by developmental delay, seizures, hypotonia, facial dysmorphism, and other abnormalities. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2021 Feb 16. Epub 2021 Feb 16.

Unidad de glaucoma, Innova ocular ICO Barcelona, Calle Vía Augusta, 61, 08006 Barcelona, Spain.

Exp Ther Med 2021 Mar 26;21(3):283. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Faculty of Medicine, 'Carol Davila' University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.

Glaucoma, one of the significant causes of blindness worldwide, is a chronic optic neuropathy, characterized by progressive loss of retinal ganglion cells and specific perimetric defects. This study aimed to assess the association between the risk of glaucoma progression and different systemic vascular abnormalities. A 4-year prospective study was carried out on 204 patients diagnosed with open-angle glaucoma. Read More

Eur J Ophthalmol 2021 Feb 7:1120672121992953. Epub 2021 Feb 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Purpose: To report the clinical profile and effectiveness of oral doxycycline as a non-invasive treatment for glaucoma filtering surgery complications.

Method: Prospective case series.

Results: Doxycycline is widely used in treating corneal melts, ocular surface diseases, meibomian gland disease, recurrent epithelial cell erosion, rosacea, and keratitis sicca. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2021 Feb 4. Epub 2021 Feb 4.

Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum Halle, Deutschland.

Background: Intraocular epithelial downgrowth is a rare but potentially devastating posttraumatic complication. If left untreated, this may result in corneal decompensation, secondary angle-closure glaucoma, retinal detachment and blindness.

Patient And Method: A 10-year-old patient with penetrating globe injury and delayed wound management elsewhere presented with corneal melting and decompensation, retinal detachment and ocular hypotony. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2021 Jan 26;21(1):59. Epub 2021 Jan 26.

Department of Ophthalmology, Gavin Herbert Eye Institute, University of California, Irvine, CA, 92697, USA.

Background: Capnocytophaga canimorsus is a facultative anaerobic, slow-growing, capnophilic, Gram-negative bacillus, that is commonly found in the microflora of canine and feline oral cavities. Capnocytophaga infections are an emerging zoonotic disease that can cause fatal systemic infections in immunocompromised individuals. Localized ocular Capnocytophaga infections, including keratitis, blepharitis, and endophthalmitis, can lead to severe eye threatening situations. Read More

Cesk Slov Oftalmol 2020 ;76(5):236-242

Cyclodestructive procedures are an alternative of surgical treatment of medically refractory glaucoma.

Aim: To assess efficiency and safety of diode cyclophotocoagulation (CPC).

Methods: Retrospective study included 81 eyes with advanced glaucoma operated with CPC for elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) from January 2017 to January 2019. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2021 Mar 21;44(3):350-357. Epub 2021 Jan 21.

Service d'Ophtalmologie, CHU Bicêtre, Hôpital Bicêtre, Université Paris-Saclay, Réseau Ophtara: maladies rares en ophtalmologie, 78, rue du Général Leclerc, 94275 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France. Electronic address:

Micropulse Transscleral Cyclophotocoagulation (MP-TSCP) is a recently developed cyclodestructive procedure less aggressive than conventional TSCP. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the safety and efficacy of MP-TSCP in a real-life setting.

Material And Methods: We retrospectively included all MP-TSCP cases performed in the Bicêtre Hospital Ophthalmology department between January 2017 and September 2019. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2021 Jan 18;14(1). Epub 2021 Jan 18.

Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospitals UZ Leuven, Leuven, Flanders, Belgium

An 86-year-old woman presented with symptomatic hypotony on the left eye since a few weeks, blurry vision and a very sensitive eye. She had a history of bilateral intracapsular cataract extraction (ICCE) in 1982 and secondary intraocular lens implantation in 1988. The patient mentioned a fall on the left side of the head 6 months earlier. Read More

Brain Inj 2021 Jan 17;35(2):226-232. Epub 2021 Jan 17.

UBMD Department of Orthopaedics and Sports Medicine, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.

: Concussion is associated with dysautonomia, altered blood pressure (BP) control, and may cause Orthostatic Hypotension (OH). We measured prevalence of OH using the 1-minute supine-to-standing OH Test in adolescents with concussion and controls.: Adolescents within 10 days of injury (Concussion Group, n = 297, 15. Read More

J Glaucoma 2021 Jan 13. Epub 2021 Jan 13.

Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan Department of Ophthalmology, Jikei University, Katsushika Medical Center, Tokyo, Japan Kunitachi-ekimae Eye Clinic, Tokyo, Japan.

Prcis: Ahmed glaucoma valve implantation using the upside-down technique resulted in an aqueous humor outflow pathway, occurring primarily on the scleral side and secondarily on the conjunctival side, and was effective in treating refractory glaucoma.

Purpose: To describe the Ahmed glaucoma valve (AGV) surgical technique, which results in changes in the primary aqueous humor outflow pathway to the scleral side (upside-down technique), and to evaluate the clinical effects and distribution of bleb fluid after surgery in patients with refractory glaucoma.

Patients And Methods: In this retrospective study, the upside-down technique was used for pars plana AGV implantation in 10 eyes of 10 patients with refractory glaucoma. Read More

Case Rep Ophthalmol 2020 Sep-Dec;11(3):606-611. Epub 2020 Nov 10.

Department of Ophthalmology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, Texas, USA.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are increasingly being used for the treatment of several malignancies. In rare cases, patients develop disabling ophthalmic side effects such as dry eyes, episcleritis, keratitis, uveitis, inflammatory orbitopathy, myasthenia gravis, macular edema, and serous retinal detachment. We present a case of acute bilateral anterior uveitis, prolonged hypotony, and cataracts following the use of dual therapy ipilimumab and nivolumab. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2021 Jan 7;21(1):20. Epub 2021 Jan 7.

Department of Ophthalmology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, China.

Background: Implantation of the posterior chamber phakic intraocular lens has been widely performed to correct high and extreme myopia. Chronic intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation may occur in its late postoperative period. For medically uncontrolled cases, surgical treatment is necessary, and benefits should be weighed against risks when determining whether to remove the lens. Read More

Ophthalmologe 2021 Jan;118(1):81-94

Klinik für Augenheilkunde, Universitätsklinikum des Saarlandes UKS, Kirrberger Str., Geb. 22, 66424, Homburg/Saar, Deutschland.

The posttraumatic ocular hypotony (3% after ocular contusion, 50-74% after open globe injury) can lead to severe secondary damage of the eyeball. In addition to corneal folds, ciliary body and choroidal detachment, papilledema e vacuo and macular folds, the shrinking of the eye can lead to substantial visual impairment. Subsequently, the contralateral eye may react with ocular hypertension. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2021 Mar 19;21:101003. Epub 2020 Dec 19.

Université de Paris, Centre d'Ophtalmologie de l'Assistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, Hôpital Cochin, 27 rue du faubourg Saint-Jacques, 75014, Paris, France.

Purpose: We report the case of a 19-year-old patient who presented with an ocular hypotony due to a transscleral filtration through an isolated congenital chorioretinal coloboma in his right eye.

Observations: The initial examination showed a decimal best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) decreased to 0.7 and a marked hypotony. Read More

Surg Oncol 2021 Mar 11;36:113-114. Epub 2020 Dec 11.

Retina Unit, Department of Ophthalmology, Virgen Macarena University Hospital, Seville, Spain; RETICS OftaRed, Institute of Health Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.

Background: Partial lamellar sclerouvectomy was designed more than 30 years ago by Jerry and Carol Shields, in order to remove melanomas that involved the ciliary body and/or the choroid, while leaving intact the outer portion of the sclera and the overlying sensory retina [1].

Methods: We present two cases of iris-ciliary body melanoma with different size. The performed surgery was a partial lamellar sclerouvectomy plus iridectomy, complemented by intraoperative juxtalimbar ruthenium-106 brachytherapy. Read More

Curr Opin Ophthalmol 2021 Mar;32(2):160-168

Bascom Palmer Eye Institute, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida, USA.

Purpose Of Review: This article reviews the safety profile of trabecular meshwork/Schlemm's canal-based, subconjunctival, and suprachoroidal minimally invasive glaucoma surgery (MIGS).

Recent Findings: Prospective randomized clinical trials and metaanalyses published during the 2019-2020 review period provided important data regarding the safety profile of trabecular meshwork/Schlemm's canal-based MIGS. Transient hyphema and intraocular pressure spikes are among the most common complications associated with this category of MIGS, but more serious adverse events such as cyclodialysis cleft formation may also occur. Read More

Eye Vis (Lond) 2020 Nov 23;7(1):54. Epub 2020 Nov 23.

Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, 83 Fenyang Rd, Shanghai, 200031, China.

Background: To evaluate the efficacy and safety of placing dual capsular tension rings for the combined management of traumatic cyclodialysis cleft and zonular dialysis.

Methods: A modified capsular tension ring was inserted into the ciliary sulcus and a capsular tension ring or modified capsular tension ring was inserted into the capsular bag in 20 eyes in 20 consecutive patients showing signs of ocular hypotony and ectopia lentis. Outcome measures included intraocular pressure, best-corrected visual acuity, and postoperative complications. Read More

Retin Cases Brief Rep 2020 Nov 20. Epub 2020 Nov 20.

Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Neurosciences, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Purpose: To report a case of bilateral uveitis and hypotony associated with topical cidofovir treatment.

Methods: Case report.

Results: A 59-year-old diabetic male with HIV/AIDS presented with photophobia, ocular pain, and decreased vision. Read More

Acta Ophthalmol 2020 Nov 22. Epub 2020 Nov 22.

Department of Ophthalmology III, Quinze-Vingts Hospital, Paris, France.

Purpose: Continuous-wave cyclophotocoagulation (CW-CPC) is often preferred to medical and surgical treatments for managing refractory glaucoma. This review summarizes diode CW-CPC indications, history, histopathology, methods, efficacy and safety. It also provides an overview of the latest data available on micropulse transscleral laser treatment (MP-TLT) that uses repetitive micropulses of diode laser energy in an off-and-on cyclical fashion. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2020 Nov 19;14(1):224. Epub 2020 Nov 19.

Hospital Jerez de la Frontera, Ronda de Circunvalación, Jerez de la Frontera, 11407, Cádiz, Spain.

Introduction: Normal-tension glaucoma is known as a multifactorial optic neuropathy. A number of lines of evidence suggested that vascular factors played a significant role in the development of normal-tension glaucoma. The mechanisms underlying the abnormal ocular blood flow in normal-tension glaucoma are still not clear. Read More

J Glaucoma 2021 Feb;30(2):175-179

Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Johannes Gutenberg- University Mainz, Mainz.

Prcis: Treatment of leakage with ocular hypotony after trabeculectomy with mitomycin C (MMC) can be safely achieved through conjunctival patch alone or combined with donor scleral graft in cases of melted underlying sclera.

Purpose: To report outcomes of 2 surgical approaches for treating ocular hypotony in eyes with blebs with late-onset leakage after standard trabeculectomy with MMC.

Methods: Thirty consecutive cases with bleb leakage and hypotony underwent bleb revision surgery between 2009 and 2014 by the same surgeon (J. Read More