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Curr Opin Anaesthesiol 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Eitan Mangoubi and Michal Y. Livne contributed equally to the writing of this article.

Purpose Of Review: With new medical technologies and changing life styles, maternal demographics has changes and consequently older and sicker women are becoming pregnant.In this review, we present these different high-risk parturient populations, which were once considered rare for the practicing obstetric anesthesiologist.

Recent Findings: With lifestyle and medical advances, older and sicker women are getting pregnant. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Avcılar Anadolu Hospital, Medical Park Avcılar Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Laryngoscope 2019 Mar 20. Epub 2019 Mar 20.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Konkuk University, Seoul, South Korea.

Auton Neurosci 2019 May 22;218:31-42. Epub 2019 Feb 22.

Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Italy. Electronic address:

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) represents the first cause of death globally. The nighttime is generally a period of relative protection from CVD events such as myocardial infarction, sudden cardiac death, and stroke, at least compared to the early morning period. The nighttime also generally entails lower values of arterial blood pressure (ABP) and heart rate (HR) and higher cardiac parasympathetic modulation. Read More

Auton Neurosci 2019 May 15;218:10-15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Neurology, Dysautonomia Center, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, United States of America. Electronic address:

Familial dysautonomia (Riley-Day syndrome, hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy type III) is a rare autosomal recessive disease characterized by impaired development of primary sensory and autonomic neurons resulting in a severe neurological phenotype, which includes arterial baroreflex and chemoreflex failure with high frequency of sleep-disordered breathing and sudden death during sleep. Although a rare disease, familial dysautonomia represents a unique template to study the interactions between sleep-disordered breathing and abnormal chemo- and baroreflex function. In patients with familial dysautonomia, ventilatory responses to hypercapnia are reduced, and to hypoxia are almost absent. Read More

Intensive Care Med 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Anesthesia and Critical Care Department (DAR-B), Saint Eloi, University of Montpellier, Research Unit: PhyMedExp, INSERM U-1046, CNRS, 34295, Montpellier Cedex 5, France.

The World Health Organization defines overweight and obesity as the condition where excess or abnormal fat accumulation increases risks to health. The prevalence of obesity is increasing worldwide and is around 20% in ICU patients. Adipose tissue is highly metabolically active, and especially visceral adipose tissue has a deleterious adipocyte secretory profile resulting in insulin resistance and a chronic low-grade inflammatory and procoagulant state. Read More

Korean J Radiol 2019 Apr;20(4):631-640

Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, St. Mary's Medical Center, Busan, Korea.

Objective: To evaluate the value of airway computed tomography (CT) in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) as a predictor of cerebrocardiovascular disease (CCVD) clinically, by quantitatively analyzing carotid arterial calcification (CarAC).

Materials And Methods: This study included 287 patients aged 40-80 years, who had undergone both polysomnography (PSG) and airway CT between March 2011 and October 2015. The carotid arterial calcium score (CarACS) was quantified using the modified Agatston method on each upper airway CT. Read More

Ann Nucl Med 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Sleep Apnea Center, Kyushu University Hospital, Fukuoka, Japan.

Objective: Disturbed sleep due to obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSAS) might accelerate amyloidβ (Aβ) deposition, which can be a crucial factor in Alzheimer's disease. We studied Aβ deposition in untreated OSAS patients with normal cognition.

Method: We performed polysomnography (PSG) and Aβ imaging with [C]-Pittsburgh compound B PET computed tomography (C-PiB PET CT) in 14 untreated OSAS patients (apnea-hypopnea index: 43. Read More

Sleep Breath 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Vanderbilt Medical Center, Nashville, TN, 37232, USA.

Purpose: P wave characteristics change during simulated apneic events in individuals with atrial fibrillation (AF). This study sought to assess whether similar changes occur during nocturnal respiratory events in patients with AF and obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Methods: Thirty-five individuals with severe OSA who underwent formal polysomnography and subsequent AF ablation were compared to a matched group without AF. Read More

J Med Syst 2019 Mar 18;43(5):107. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Technical University of Madrid, 28012, Madrid, Spain.

Obstructive Sleep apnea is a public health problem. This disease is associated with daytime sleepiness, increased motor vehicle accidents, heart failure and stroke. Treatment options include weight loss, positive airway pressure, pharyngeal and orthognatic surgery. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Busan Saint Mary's Hospital, 538-41 Yongho-dong, Nam-gu, Busan, South Korea.

Purpose: An ideal, drug-induced sleep endoscopy (DISE) classification system should cover all the upper airways, be simple and practical, and quantify the severity of any obstruction. Excellent validity and reliability are essential. We explored the inter-rater reliability of Koo's DISE classification system in the hands of experienced and inexperienced otolaryngologists. Read More

Clin Res Cardiol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Cardiology, CHU Martinique, University Hospital of Martinique, Antilles University, 97200, Fort de France, France.

Background: Sympathetic nervous system activation plays a pivotal role in obese patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), contributing to increased cardiovascular risk. Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) activates cardiac autonomic nervous system. Our main study objective was to investigate effects of these autonomic dysfunction factors on post-exercise heart rate recovery (HRR). Read More

Zhonghua Yi Xue Za Zhi 2019 Mar;99(10):739-743

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing100029, China.

To investigate the effect of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) on the severity of acute pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE). Clinical data of patients with acute PTE and OSA who were admitted to Anzhen Hospital from January 2015 to December 2017 were retrospectively analyzed in this study.According to the apnea hypopnea index (AHI), patients were divided into AHI≤15/h group and AHI>15/h group. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(11):e14859

Graduate Institute of Medical Science, College of Health Science, Chang Jung Christian University, Tainan.

This retrospective, nationwide, matched cohort study investigated the risk of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSCR) following end-stage renal disease (ESRD). The study cohort included 84722 ESRD patients who were registered between January 2000 and December 2009 at the Taiwan National Health Insurance Research Database. An age- and sex-matched control group comprised 84722 patients selected from the Taiwan Longitudinal Health Insurance Database 2000. Read More

Drug Des Devel Ther 2019 28;13:809-816. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Respirology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan,

Purpose: Although patients with suspected obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) might suffer difficulty in falling asleep during overnight polysomnography (PSG), standard hypnotics to obtain sleep during PSG have not been established. The aim of this study was to investigate the safety and efficacy of a new hypnotic agent, suvorexant, a dual orexin receptor antagonist, for insomnia in suspected OSA patients during in-laboratory PSG.

Patients And Methods: An observational study was conducted during PSG for 149 patients with suspected OSA who had no insomnia at home. Read More

Sleep 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Departments of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.

Study Objectives: Oxidative stress and inflammation are proposed to mediate kidney diseases that occur in patients with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). We examined the hypothesis that alpha-lipoic acid (LA) prevents renal injury in a mouse model of sleep apnea.

Methods: Twenty male mice received either intermittent hypoxia (IH) or intermittent air (IA) with or without a LA-enriched diet for 60 days. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Service d'ORL et chirurgie cervico-faciale, UAM d'ORL pédiatrique, hôpital Gui-de-Chauliac, université de Montpellier, CHU de Montpellier, 80, avenue Augustin-Fliche, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Electronic address:

Objectives: Using respiratory polygraphy (RP) in children for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) can be challenging in terms of device acceptance and sensor displacement. Automatic analysis of respiratory events has never been evaluated in a pediatric population. The primary objective of this study was to determine the feasibility of pediatric RP in routine ENT department practice. Read More

Sleep Med 2019 Jan 26. Epub 2019 Jan 26.

Department of Pneumology of São João Hospital Center, Oporto, Portugal; Respiratory Sleep Disorders Unit, Department of Pneumology of São João Hospital Center, Oporto, Portugal.

Background And Aim: Several studies reported a high prevalence of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea (OSA) in patients with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis (IPF) or restrictive end-stage lung disease (ESLD). Besides the known risk factors for OSA like high Body Mass Index (BMI), reduced static and dynamic volumes for IPF patients and reduced DLCO and low minimal O saturation during sleep for ESLD patients were associated with higher Apnoea-Hypopnoea Index (AHI). The aim of our study was to determine potential predictive factors of OSA in patients with Fibrotic Lung Diseases (FLD). Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Mar 16. Epub 2019 Mar 16.

Department of General Surgery, AZ Sint Jan Brugge-Oostende, B-8000, Brugge, Belgium.

Background: Deep neuromuscular block (NMB) and opioid-free anaesthesia (OFA) improve surgical workspace and reduce post-operative opioid consumption, but its impact on perioperative outcomes is unknown. This observational study compared complications and healthcare resource utilization after bariatric surgery, with or without continuous deep NMB or OFA.

Methods: We included all 9246 patients who underwent laparoscopic bariatric surgery at our institution from January 2009 to February 2017. Read More

J Natl Med Assoc 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Shenzhen Key Laboratory for Anti-aging and Regenerative Medicine, Health Science Center, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, 518060, China. Electronic address:

Stroke causes disability and high mortality, while it can be prevented by increasing public awareness of risk factors. The common known risk factors are hypertension, atrial fibrillation, heart failure, smoking, alcohol consumption, low physical activity, overweight and hypercholesterolemia. However, the deep understanding of risk factors is limited. Read More

Hell J Nucl Med 2019 Jan-Apr;22 Suppl:187-193

Cognitive and Movement Disorders Unit and Unit of Neurochemistry and Biological Markers, 1st Department of Neurology, Eginition Hospital, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Subcortical small-vessel disease (SSVD) is a disorder that has been fully described in clinical, neuropathological and imaging aspects. It is considered as the most prevalent ischemic CNS disorder and has been associated to arterial hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia and obstructive sleep apnea. The hallmark of SSVD is the ischemic white matter lesions which can be presented as lacunar infracts and global brain hypoperfusion in a common and homogeneous subtype of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) which is often unrecognized. Read More

Sleep Breath 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Neurology, Keimyung University School of Medicine, 56 Dalseong-ro, Jung-gu, Daegu, 41931, South Korea.

Purpose: The STOPBANG questionnaire has been widely used for screening obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) due to its time friendly, economic advantages over overnight polysomnography (PSG). The aim of this study was to analyze the usefulness of the items constituting the utility of STOPBANG in a sleep clinic and to establish the best assembly for OSA-screening methods in the Korean population.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed all patients who completed PSG as well as STOPBANG at a sleep center in a tertiary hospital from January 2016 to December 2017. Read More

J Clin Med 2019 Mar 14;8(3). Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Servicio de Neumología, Unidad del Sueño, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, 08036 Barcelona, Spain.

Physical activity is associated with a decreased prevalence of obstructive sleep apnea and improved sleep efficiency. Studies on the effects of a comprehensive exercise program in a community setting remain limited. Our objective was to investigate the effects of a combined physical and oropharyngeal exercise program on the apnea-hypopnea index in patients with moderate to severe obstructive sleep apnea. Read More

Am J Respir Crit Care Med 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is associated with adverse physiologic and biochemical sequelae including systemic inflammation, oxidative stress, increased chemoreceptor reflex activity, sympathetic nervous system activation, and endothelial dysfunction. In addition, compelling data strongly implicate OSA in the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD) including myocardial infarction and stroke. Yet in clinical trials, CPAP therapy alone did not reduce cardiovascular events in intention to treat analyses. Read More

Curr Obes Rep 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Department of Medicine, Diabetes Unit, Endocrine Division, and Center for Genomic Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, 185 Cambridge Street, CPZN6224, Boston, MA, 02114, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Metformin has multiple benefits for health beyond its anti-hyperglycemic properties. The purpose of this manuscript is to review the mechanisms that underlie metformin's effects on obesity.

Recent Findings: Metformin is a first-line therapy for type 2 diabetes. Read More

HNO 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenheilkunde, Klinikum rechts der Isar, der Technischen Universität München, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675, München, Deutschland.

Upper airway stimulation plays an increasingly important role in the treatment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). The target of stimulation is the hypoglossal nerve (N. XII), which-as a pure motor nerve-innervates the intrinsic and extrinsic tongue muscles. Read More

J Oral Rehabil 2019 Mar 15. Epub 2019 Mar 15.

Department of Prosthodontics and Periodontology. Piracicaba Dental School, UNICAMP, Av Limeira 901, Piracicaba, SP, Brazil, 13414-903.

Background: Excessive daytime sleepiness is frequently reported as a symptom for OSA, leading to problems with concentration, mood and memory. MAD are considered as an effective therapy to control OSA, reducing EDS and improving sleep quality.

Objectives: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of mandibular advance device (MAD) therapy on excessive daytime sleepiness (EDS) of patients diagnosed with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Read More

Front Physiol 2019 25;10:144. Epub 2019 Feb 25.

National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Sudden Cardiac Death (SCD) is the leading cause of cardiovascular death in dialysis patients. This review discusses potential underlying arrhythmic mechanisms of SCD in the dialysis population. It examines recent evidence from studies using implantable loop recorders and from electrophysiological studies in experimental animal models of chronic kidney disease. Read More

Eur Respir Rev 2019 Mar 14;28(151). Epub 2019 Mar 14.

CIBER de enfermedades respiratorias (CIBERES), Madrid, Spain.

Obesity hypoventilation syndrome (OHS) is defined as a combination of obesity (body mass index ≥30 kg·m), daytime hypercapnia (arterial carbon dioxide tension ≥45 mmHg) and sleep disordered breathing, after ruling out other disorders that may cause alveolar hypoventilation. OHS prevalence has been estimated to be ∼0.4% of the adult population. Read More

Eur Respir Rev 2019 Mar 14;28(151). Epub 2019 Mar 14.

Dept of Pneumology, CHU Saint Pierre, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Brussels, Belgium

Telemedicine (TM) is a current tool in the landscape of medicine. It helps to address public health challenges such as increases in chronic disease in an ageing society and the associated burden in healthcare costs. Sleep TM refers to patient data exchange with the purpose of enhancing disease management. Read More

Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Sorbonne Université, INSERM, UMRS1158 Neurophysiologie Respiratoire Expérimentale et Clinique, F-75005 Paris, France; AP-HP, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles Foix, Service de Pneumologie, Médecine Intensive et Réanimation (Département "R3S"), F-75013, Paris, France. Electronic address:

Obstructive sleep apnoea syndrome (OSAS) patients do not report breathing discomfort in spite of abnormal upper airway mechanics. We studied respiratory sensations in OSAS patients without and with mandibular advancement device (MAD). Fifty-seven moderate to severe non obese OSAS patients were asked about breathing discomfort using visual analogue scales (VAS) in the sitting position (VAS-1), after lying down (VAS-2), then with MAD (VAS-3). Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

From the Department of Anesthesiology, Washington University in St. Louis, School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri (M.C.M., L.J., A.S., E.D.K.) the Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, North Carolina (E.D.K.).

What We Already Know About This Topic: Children with obstructive sleep apnea are at greater risk for postoperative hypoxia and other respiratory events as compared with children without this disorderThere is some reason to believe that children with obstructive sleep apnea may be at greater risk for opioid-induced respiratory depression due to increased sensitivity to the drugs WHAT THIS ARTICLE TELLS US THAT IS NEW: The authors hypothesized that children with obstructive sleep apnea would be more sensitive to the effects of an opioid (remifentanil) on pupil size-a very good indicator of opioid effectsWhile remifentanil did reduce pupil size in the expected dose-related fashion, there were no differences between children with obstructive sleep apnea and those withoutWhile the authors did not observe any differences in the effect of remifentanil on respiration, the study was not designed to examine this factor in detail BACKGROUND:: Opioids are a mainstay of perioperative analgesia. Opioid use in children with obstructive sleep apnea is challenging because of assumptions for increased opioid sensitivity and assumed risk for opioid-induced respiratory depression compared to children without obstructive sleep apnea. These assumptions have not been rigorously tested. Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

From the Department of Anesthesiology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan (Y.K., S.I.) the Department of Anesthesiology, Showa University Koto Toyosu Hospital, Tokyo, Japan (Y.K., T.S.) the Department of Perioperative Medicine, Division of Anesthesiology, Showa University School of Dentistry, Tokyo, Japan (Y.K., S.O., A.K., T.I.) the Department of Dental Anesthesiology and Orofacial Pain, Graduate School of Dentistry, Kyusyu Dental University, Fukuoka, Japan (K.K.) the Department of Oral Health Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (F.R.A.) the Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan (Y.S.).

What We Already Know About This Topic: Dental procedures under sedation can cause hypoxic events and even death. However, the mechanism of such hypoxic events is not well understood.

What This Article Tells Us That Is New: Apnea and hypopnea occur frequently during dental procedures under sedation. Read More

Curr Med Sci 2019 Feb 13;39(1):127-133. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Anaesthesiology, Institute of Anaesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430022, China.

The main purpose of this study was to assess the reliability and validity of the simplified Chinese STOP-BANG Questionnaire (SBQ) as a diagnosing and screening tool for obstructive sleep apnea hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS). Two hundred and ten patients with suspected OSAHS were recruited in this study. The simplified Chinese SBQ was completed twice before and after polysomnography (PSG) monitoring. Read More

Curr Med Sci 2019 Feb 13;39(1):52-58. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan, 250021, China.

This work is aimed at exploring the clinical efficacy of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) in treatment of patients with arrhythmias combined with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Through evaluating serum native thiol, malonaldehyde (MDA) and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate oxidase (NADPH oxidase) in these patients and describing the effects on oxidative parameters of CPAP therapy for 3 months, we confirmed the impact of oxidative stress on arrhythmias. A total of 64 patients with OSA combined with arrhythmias were collected from April 2014 to April 2017 with full clinical information. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2019 Mar 25;17(3):2349-2358. Epub 2019 Jan 25.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, Guizhou 550002, P.R. China.

Obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is a very common sleep and breathing disorder that occurs in worldwide. It is important to develop a more effective treatment for OSA to overcome lung cell apoptosis during intermittent hypoxia (IH). A mitochondrial separation protein inhibitor (Mdivi-1) has been demonstrated to be a powerful tool for inhibiting apoptosis. Read More

BMC Oral Health 2019 Mar 12;19(1):43. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, King Saud University, P.O. Box 5967, Riyadh, 11432, Saudi Arabia.

Background: This study aimed to determine the prevalence of sleep-disordered breathing among primary school children in Riyadh, Saudi Arabia, and to evaluate associations between sleep-disordered breathing and respiratory conditions/orofacial symptoms.

Methods: In this cross-sectional study, 1600 questionnaires were distributed to Saudi boys and girls aged 6-12 years from 16 primary schools in Riyadh. The questionnaire covered relevant demographic and personal characteristics, presence of respiratory conditions and orofacial symptoms, and the Pediatric Sleep Questionnaire. Read More

Scand J Caring Sci 2019 Mar 13. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Faculty of Health and Social Sciences, Western Norway University of Applied Sciences, Bergen, Norway.

Background: Sleep-disordered breathing, including obstructive sleep apnoea and central sleep apnoea, is a common disorder among patients with chronic heart failure. Obstructive sleep apnoea is often treated with continuous positive airway pressure, but central sleep apnoea lacks a clear treatment option. Knowledge of how sleep-disordered breathing is experienced (e. Read More

PLoS One 2019 13;14(3):e0213622. Epub 2019 Mar 13.

Group of Translational Research in Respiratory Medicine, Hospital Universitari Arnau de Vilanova y Santa Maria, IRB Lleida, Lleida, Spain.

microRNAs (miRNAs) are non-coding RNAs highly relevant as biomarkers for disease. A seminal study that explored the role of miRNAs in obstructive sleep apnea syndrome (OSA) demonstrated their usefulness in clinical management. Nevertheless, the miRNAs that may act as endogenous controls (ECs) have not yet been established. Read More

Circulation 2019 Mar;139(10):1285-1288

Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN.

Arch Endocrinol Metab 2019 Feb;63(1):40-46

Departamento de Educação Física, Universidade Federal da Paraíba (UFPB), João Pessoa, PB, Brasil.

Objective: To evaluate the influence of obesity on pulmonary function and exercise tolerance in women with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA).

Subjects And Methods: A descriptive analytic cross- sectional study was carried out. Thirty-nine (39) sedentary climacteric women, aged 45 to 60 years, were evaluated and submitted to polysomnography. Read More

J Cell Physiol 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Institute of Respiratory Disease, The First Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Hypoglossal motoneurons innervate genioglossus muscle, the contraction of which is critical in the maintenance of upper airway patency in patients with obstructive sleep apnea. As a potassium channel distributed in hypoglossal motoneurons, TWIK-related acid-sensitive K+ channel-1 (TASK-1) could be inhibited by 5-HT. This study aimed to investigate if TASK-1 expression in hypoglossal nucleus could be influenced by chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) and 5-HT receptors antagonist. Read More

Sleep Breath 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Academy for Advanced Interdisciplinary Studies, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China.

Purpose: Portable sleep monitoring devices with less-attached sensors and high-accuracy sleep staging methods can expedite sleep disorder diagnosis. The aim of this study was to propose a single-channel EEG sleep staging model, SleepStageNet, which extracts sleep EEG features by multi-scale convolutional neural networks (CNN) and then infers the type of sleep stages by capturing the contextual information between adjacent epochs using recurrent neural networks (RNN) and conditional random field (CRF).

Methods: To verify the feasibility of our model, two datasets, one composed by two different single-channel EEGs (Fpz-Cz and Pz-Oz) on 20 healthy people and one composed by a single-channel EEG (F4-M1) on 104 obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) patients with different severities, were examined. Read More

Diabetes Care 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Institute of Applied Health Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, U.K.

Objective: This study compared the incidence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in patients with and without type 2 diabetes and investigated risk factors for OSA in patients with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was performed to compare OSA incidence between adult patients with and without type 2 diabetes matched for age, sex, and BMI. Patients with a prevalent OSA diagnosis were excluded. Read More

Laryngoscope 2019 Mar 12. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention, and Technology, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.

Objectives/hypothesis: We have previously shown that modified uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UPPP) is effective to treat obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and that the effect is stable after 24 months. This continuous report includes questionnaires and phone interviews.

Study Design: Prospective intervention study. Read More

Sleep Breath 2019 Mar 11. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Dermatology, Faculty of Medicine, Bozok University, 66200, Yozgat, Turkey.

Background: Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory skin disease which can cause sleep disturbances due to the disease itself or due to its complications. In this study, we aimed to analyze the array of sleep disturbances caused by psoriasis and to evaluate the interaction between the quality of sleep and the duration and severity of psoriasis.

Methods: Study subjects included 60 patients with plaque psoriasis and 60 sex- and age-matched controls. Read More

Caspian J Intern Med 2019 ;10(1):1-6

Social Determinants of Health Research Center, Health Research Institute, Babol University of Medical Sciences, Babal, Iran.

Efficiency of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation in the treatment of respiratory failure has been shown in many published studies. In this review article, we introduced new modalities of non-invasive ventilation (NIV), clinical settings in which NIV can be used and a practical summary of the latest official guidelines published by the European Respiratory Clinical Practice. Clinical trials and review articles in four databases up to 25 February 2018 about new modalities of non-invasive positive pressure ventilation were reviewed. Read More

Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Mar 12:194599819835186. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

1 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Objective: To examine whether patients with isolated retropalatal collapse perform as well as others following implantation with an upper airway stimulation (UAS) device.

Study Design: Retrospective review.

Setting: Single-institution tertiary academic care medical center. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Mar 9;16(5). Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Neurology, University Hospital Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Hufelandstraße 55, 45147 Essen, Germany.

Sleep-disordered breathing (SDB) is an emerging dementia risk factor. Data on the prevalence of SDB in dementia patients and its association with cognitive impairment is so far only based on patients with severe dementia. In 101 geriatric patients mostly with mild dementia recruited on German geriatric wards, SDB was assessed during overnight polygraphy in the patient room with a portable sleep apnea examination device and associations of SDB severity with severity of impairment in cognitive and emotional function as well as mobility were investigated. Read More