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J Nutr Biochem 2018 Dec 12;66:52-62. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Nutritional Genomics Laboratory, LabGeN, School of Applied Sciences, UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil; Nutrigenomics and Lipids Research Center, CELN, School of Applied Sciences, UNICAMP, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

GPR120 and GPR40 were recently reported as omega-3 (ω3) receptors with anti-inflammatory properties. Physical exercise could increase the expression of these receptors in the liver, improving hepatic metabolism in obesity and type 2 diabetes. Our aim was to investigate GPR120/40 in the liver of lean and obese mice after acute or chronic physical exercise, with or without the supplementation of ω3 rich flaxseed oil (FS), as well as assess the impact of exercise and FS on insulin signaling and inflammation. Read More

Atherosclerosis 2019 Jan 24;283:19-27. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Cardiff School of Sport and Health Sciences, Cardiff Metropolitan University, 200 Western Avenue, Cardiff, CF5 2YB, UK. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Obesity is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, but the mechanisms involved are not completely understood. In obesity, the adipocyte microenvironment is characterised by both hypoxia and inflammation. Therefore, we sought to determine whether extracellular vesicles (EVs) derived from adipocytes in this setting might be involved in mediating cardiovascular disease, specifically by promoting leukocyte attachment to vascular endothelial cells. Read More

Prev Med 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

PHE Behavioural Insights Team (PHE BI), Research, Translation & Innovation Division, 6th Floor, Wellington House, 133-155 Waterloo Road, London SE1 8UG, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

This single-blind, pragmatic, cluster randomised controlled trial aims to investigate uptake of children's weight management services in response to enhanced National Child Measurement Programme (NCMP) letters providing weight status feedback to parents in three English counties in 2015. Parents of 2642 overweight or very overweight (obese) children aged 10-11 years received an intervention or control letter informing them of their child's weight status. Intervention letters included (i) a visual tool to help weight status recognition, (ii) a social norms statement, and for very overweight children, (iii) a prepopulated booking form for weight management services. Read More

Diabetes Ther 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Public Health, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary.

Introduction: Due to the increasing trends of recent decades, diabetes prevalence has reached a frequency of 1/11 adults worldwide. However, this disadvantageous trend has not been accompanied by worsened outcome indicators; better short-term (e.g. Read More

Int J Obes (Lond) 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

UKCRC Centre for Diet and Activity Research (CEDAR), MRC Epidemiology Unit, University of Cambridge School of Clinical Medicine, Institute of Metabolic Science, Cambridge Biomedical Campus, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.

In the original version of this Article the following funding details were omitted from the Acknowledgements section. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Feb 15;19(1):200. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Center for Health Research, Kaiser Permanente Northwest, Oregon, Portland, USA.

Background: The health impacts of community design have been studied extensively over the past two decades. In particular, public transportation use is associated with more walking between transit stops and shops, work, home and other destinations. Change in transit access has been linked with physical activity and obesity but seldom to health outcomes and associated costs, especially within a causal framework. Read More

J Cell Mol Med 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Pharmacy, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Air Force Medical University, Xi'an, PR China.

Lipid metabolism disorders lead to vascular endothelial injury. Matrine is an alkaloid that has been used to improve obesity and diabetes and for the treatment of hepatitis B. However, its effect on lipid metabolism disorders and vascular injury is unclear. Read More

Immunity 2019 Feb 11. Epub 2019 Feb 11.

Jill Roberts Institute for Research in Inflammatory Bowel Disease, Joan and Stanford I. Weill Department of Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, NY, 10021, USA. Electronic address:

Innate lymphoid cells (ILC) play critical roles in regulating immunity, inflammation, and tissue homeostasis in mice. However, limited access to non-diseased human tissues has hindered efforts to profile anatomically-distinct ILCs in humans. Through flow cytometric and transcriptional analyses of lymphoid, mucosal, and metabolic tissues from previously healthy human organ donors, here we have provided a map of human ILC heterogeneity across multiple anatomical sites. Read More

Respir Investig 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Department of Occupational Health, Tohoku University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan; Tohoku University Tohoku Medical Megabank Organization, Japan; Center for Environmental Conservation and Research Safety, Tohoku University, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Forced oscillation technique (FOT) is a noninvasive method used to measure respiratory system resistance (Rrs) and reactance (Xrs) during quiet breathing, which has been extensively studied in clinical settings. The distribution of measured FOT values was previously assessed in a community-based cohort study. In this study, we aimed to confirm the distribution of measured FOT values in a different cohort in order to investigate the relationship between these values and patient clinical and biological data. Read More

Diab Vasc Dis Res 2019 Feb 15:1479164119827611. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

3 CRCHUM and Montreal Diabetes Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada.

While few dispute the existence of the metabolic syndrome as a clustering of factors indicative of poor metabolic health, its utility above that of its individual components in the clinical care of individual patients is questioned. This is likely a consequence of the failure of clinicians and scientists to agree on a unifying mechanism to explain the metabolic syndrome. Insulin resistance has most commonly been proposed for this role and is generally considered to be a root causative factor for not only metabolic syndrome but also for its associated conditions of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), obesity-related type 2 diabetes (T2D) and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (ASCVD). Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2019 Feb 14;16(4). Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Nethersole School of Nursing, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

: A prospective cohort study was conducted to follow-up on 104 participants on their changes of social, psychological and physical health as exposed to the hikikomori lifestyle. : Participants were interviewed at baseline, 6 months and 12 months by administering a set of questionnaires and anthropometric measurements. : All three health domains of hikikomori were significantly improved over the follow-up period as evidenced by: (1) increased social network scores from 2. Read More

Womens Midlife Health 2017 17;3. Epub 2017 Aug 17.

5Department of Comparative Biosciences, University of Illinois, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, Illinois 61802 USA.

Background: The Midlife Women's Health Study (MWHS) was developed to address some of the gaps in knowledge regarding risk factors for hot flashes among generally healthy midlife women during their menopausal transition. This manuscript describes the methods from the study and the main findings that were published to date, with a focus on predictors of hot flashes. This study was initially funded to test the hypothesis that obesity is associated with an increased risk of hot flashes through mechanisms that involve ovarian failure, altered sex steroid hormone levels, and selected genetic polymorphisms. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010 Mar;5(2):229-251

b Senior Scientist, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, and Professor in Obstetrics and Gynecology, and Biochemistry/Microbiology/Immunology, University of Ottawa, 725 Parkdale Avenue, Ottawa, ON K1Y 4E9, Canada.

Male infertility, characterized by hypogonadism, decreased semen quality or ejaculatory dysfunction, accounts for approximately 20% of infertility cases. Obesity and metabolic dysfunction have been identified, among other causal factors, to contribute to male infertility. In the context of the Western world's 'obesity epidemic', this article discusses three main biological mechanisms linking obesity to impaired male reproductive function: hypogonadism, testicular heat stress/hypoxia-induced apoptosis and endocrine disruption by 'obesogens'. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2010 Mar;5(2):177-180

a Senior Clinical Lecturer in Endocrinology, The Institute of Biomedical Research, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.

Evaluation of: Zinman B, Haffner SM, Herman WH et al. Effect of rosiglitazone, metformin, and glyburide on bone biomarkers in patients with Type 2 diabetes. J. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2012 Mar;7(2):209-221

b Section of Investigative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, 6th Floor, Commonwealth Building, Hammersmith Hospital, Du Cane Road, London W12 0NN, UK.

Obesity remains a major worldwide health problem, with current medical treatments being poorly effective. Nutrient sensing allows organs such as the GI tract and the brain to recognize and respond to fuel substrates such as carbohydrates, protein and fats. Specialized neural and hormonal pathways exist to facilitate and regulate these chemosensory mechanisms. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2014 Jul 28;9(4):293-295. Epub 2014 Apr 28.

a Institute for Diabetes and Obesity, Helmholtz Center Munich, German Research Center for Environmental Health, Technical University Munich, Munich, Germany.

Analogs of glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) are currently one of the best-in class pharmacotherapies to treat obesity and diabetes. Recently advanced biochemical engineering has led to the generation of series of unimolecular co-agonists at receptors for GLP-1 and glucagon or the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide. In studies from mouse models of obesity and insulin resistance to non-human primates to humans, these tailored molecules have shown to effectively improve several hallmarks of the metabolic syndrome, such as obesity, glucose intolerance and imbalances in cholesterol and lipid metabolism. Read More

Thromb Haemost 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Institute for Cardiovascular Prevention (IPEK), Ludwig-Maximilians-University (LMU) Munich, Munich, Germany.

Endocannabinoids are a group of arachidonic acid-derived lipid mediators binding to cannabinoid receptors CB1 and CB2. An overactivity of the endocannabinoid system plays a pathophysiological role in the development of visceral obesity and insulin resistance. Moreover, elevated circulating endocannabinoid levels are also prevalent in atherosclerosis. Read More

Sci Total Environ 2019 Feb 8;664:1020-1029. Epub 2019 Feb 8.

International Institute for Applied System Analysis (IIASA), Laxenburg, Austria.

The promotion of responsible consumption is a key strategy to achieve environmental benefits, sustainable food security, and enhance public health. Countries like Spain are making efforts to reverse growing obesity and promote healthy diets, such as the recommended and traditional Mediterranean, recognized as a key strategy to improve the population's health with locally grown, traditional, and seasonal products like fruits, vegetables, olive oil, and fish. With a view to connecting water, agriculture, food security, nutrition and health, this research aims to investigate and compare the nutritional and water implications of the current food consumption of Spanish households with the recommended Mediterranean diet. Read More

Neuroscience 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Mount Sinai St. Luke's Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, N.Y., United States of America; Touro College and University System, 33 W 23(rd) Street, New York, N.Y 10010, United States of America. Electronic address:

Of current obesity treatments, bariatric surgery induces the most weight loss. Given the marked increase in the number of bariatric surgeries performed, elucidating the mechanisms of action is a key research goal. We compared whole brain activation in response to high-energy dense (HED) vs. Read More

Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

University of Kentucky Superfund Research Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA; Department of Animal and Food Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA. Electronic address:

Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that contribute to inflammatory diseases such as atherosclerosis, and macrophages play a key role in the overall inflammatory response. Depending on specific environmental stimuli, macrophages can be polarized either to pro-inflammatory (e.g. Read More

Math Biosci 2019 Feb 12. Epub 2019 Feb 12.

Bioinformatics and Mathematical Biosciences Lab, Department of Mathematics and Statistics, South Dakota State University, Brookings, SD, 57006, USA. Electronic address:

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is prevalent across the world, and kidney function is well defined by an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR). The progression of kidney disease can be predicted if the future eGFR can be accurately estimated using predictive analytics. In this study, we developed and validated a prediction model of eGFR by data extracted from a regional health system. Read More

Klin Lab Diagn 2018 ;63(10):596-604

«Northern (Arctic) Federal University. M.V. Lomonosov», Arkhangelsk.

According to the phylogenetic theory of general pathology, seven biological functions have been formed over billions of years. 1. biological function of trophology, nutrition; 2. Read More

Diabetes Obes Metab 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Imperial College London Diabetes Centre, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates.

In this study we prospectively collected data on the use of liraglutide 3 mg in obese Arab patients. 2,092 patients were dispensed liraglutide 3 mg as part of routine care, their median age was 38 years and 77% were women. Median baseline weight was 95 kg, BMI 36. Read More

Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Department of Nutrition and Health Sciences, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, Nebraska, USA.

Objective: Urolithin A (UroA) is a major metabolite of ellagic acid produced following microbial catabolism in the gut. Emerging evidence has suggested that UroA modulates energy metabolism in various cells. However, UroA's physiological functions related to obesity and insulin resistance remain unclear. Read More

Obes Rev 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Medicine, University of Ioannina, Ioannina, Greece.

Semaglutide is a glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonist (GLP-1 RA) with a long elimination half-life, allowing subcutaneous (sc) administration once per week. Both the European Medicines Agency (EMA) and the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) recently approved once-weekly sc semaglutide for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The weight loss efficacy of once-weekly sc semaglutide appears to be superior compared with the other once-weekly GLP-1 RAs in patients with T2DM. Read More

Obes Rev 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

College of Education, Psychology and Social Work, Flinders University, Bedford Park, South Australia.

Childhood obesity has reached alarming proportions in many countries. There is consensus that both biological (especially genetic) and environmental (including psychosocial) factors contribute to weight gain and obesity in childhood. Research has identified extensive risk or predictive factors for childhood obesity from both of these domains. Read More

Fam Community Health 2019 Apr/Jun;42(2):140-149

MRC/Wits Developmental Pathways for Health Research Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa (Drs Cohen, Micklesfield, and Norris); and Centre for Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, Wits Education Campus, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, Johannesburg, South Africa (Dr Gradidge).

In South African families, a phenomenon of mothers' acceptance of stoutness coexists with their daughters' appreciation for thinness. A sample of N = 615 mother-and-daughter pairs was recruited to conjointly identify the relationships toward body image and body mass index between both groups by assessing body weight satisfaction, body esteem, and eating disorders risk. We observed higher prevalence of obesity in mothers and higher eating disorders risk in daughters, while mother-daughter relationships were identified for body mass index and psychometric dimensions. Read More

Fam Community Health 2019 Apr/Jun;42(2):117-122

School of Nursing, Hampton University, Hampton, Virginia (Dr Gipson-Jones); Department of Family, Youth and Community Sciences, University of Florida, Institute of Food and Agricultural Sciences, Gainesville (Dr O'Neal); Tulane University School of Public Health & Tropical Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana (Dr Sheats); Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland (Dr Thorpe); John D. Bower School of Population Health, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson (Drs Thorpe, Beech, and Bruce); and Center for Research on Men's Health (Dr Bruce) and Center for Medicine, Health and Society (Dr Bruce), Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee.

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships between food security, parental health behaviors, and overweight/obesity among 2- to 5-year-old children in West Tennessee (N = 264). Results from logistic regression models indicate that the association between parental characteristics and child weight status varies by child sex and household food security. These findings highlight the need for more nuanced analysis that can produce results that inform and shape the development of precise health promotion and intervention strategies designed for diverse low-resource populations. Read More

Int J Adolesc Med Health 2019 Feb 15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Public Health Nutrition Research Group, Division of Applied Health Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland.

Background Excessive sugar consumption remains implicated as one of the key dietary factors that has been linked to overweight and obesity in children. Schools have been identified as an important setting for health promotion interventions in children and can be successful in bringing about dietary behavioral change when well designed. Objective The main aim of the study was to conduct a pilot intervention study and assess the possible effects of educational and environmental methodological components on sugar intake and water consumption in Maltese school children. Read More

JMIR Res Protoc 2019 Feb 15;8(2):e12162. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom.

Background: Guidelines for the management of type 2 diabetes universally recommend that adults with type 2 diabetes and obesity be offered individualized interventions to encourage weight loss. Yet despite the existing recommendations, provision of weight management services is currently patchy around the United Kingdom and where services are available, high attrition rates are often reported. In addition, individuals often fail to take up services, that is, after discussion with a general practitioner or practice nurse, individuals are referred to the service but do not attend for an appointment. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-15. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

1Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences,UiT The Arctic University of Norway,Postboks 6050 Langnes 9037,Tromsø,Norway.

Objective: To investigate serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (S-25(OH)D) concentration in a multi-ethnic population of northern Norway and determine predictors of S-25(OH)D, including Sami ethnicity.

Design: Cross-sectional data from the second survey of the Population-based Study on Health and Living Conditions in Regions with Sami and Norwegian Populations (the SAMINOR 2 Clinical Survey, 2012-2014). S-25(OH)D was measured by the IDS-iSYS 25-Hydroxy Vitamin Dˢ assay. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2019 Feb 15:1-10. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

2College for Public Health & Social Justice,Saint Louis University,St. Louis,MO,USA.

Objective: To determine whether children exposed to a greater variety of acts of parent-to-child physical and psychological maltreatment will be at greater risk of consuming obesogenic foods at a higher frequency.

Design: Survey research using a longitudinal panel design.

Setting: In-home interviews with primary caregivers in twenty large US cities. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Feb 15;19(1):197. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Shanghai Research Center for Physical Fitness and Health of Children and Adolescents, Shanghai University of Sport, 399 Chang Hai Road, Shanghai, 200438, China.

Background: With increases in inactive lifestyles and mounting pressure for academic excellence in Chinese younger populations, lack of physical activity and increased prevalence of obesity have become a major public health concern in China. The purpose of this study is to provide updated estimates on the prevalence of meeting moderate-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and screen viewing time guidelines, and overweight and obesity among Chinese school-aged children and adolescents, with a secondary aim examining variations in prevalence by sex, grade groupings, and residential location.

Methods: The study sample came from the 2017 Physical Activity and Fitness in China-The Youth Study, a cross-sectional and national survey of 131,859 students (aged 7 to 19 years) from 986 public schools in China. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Feb 15;19(1):198. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

School of Public Health, Western Gateway Building, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland.

Background: The aim of the study was to explore the implementation of school based diet and physical activity interventions with respect to the barriers and facilitators to adoption, implementation and sustainability; supportive actions required for implementation and recommendations to overcome identified barriers. Two interventions rolled out nationally in Ireland were chosen; Food Dudes, a programme to encourage primary school children to consume more fruit and vegetables and Green Schools Travel (GST), an active travel to school programme in primary and secondary schools. Trained school coordinators (teachers) cascade the programmes to other teaching staff. Read More

Curr Mol Pharmacol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Zijingang Campus, Hangzhou, Zhejiang. China.

Background: Cannabinoid has long been used for medicinal purposes. Cannabinoid signaling has been considered the therapeutic targets for treating pain, addiction, obesity, inflammation, and other diseases. Recent studies have suggested that in addition to CB1 and CB2, there are non-CB1 and non-CB2 cannabinoid-related orphan GPCRs including GPR18, GPR55, and GPR119. Read More

Curr Med Chem 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

TCM and Ethnomedicine Innovation & Development International Laboratory, Innovative Drug Research Institute, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine，Changsha, 410208. China.

Obesity, associated with a series of complications such as diabetes, hypertension, and heart disease, is a great threat to human health and leads to increased morbidity and mortality. In spite of the presence of anti-obesity agents on the market, the application of these drugs is limited because of their typical side effects. More effective and safe weight-loss drugs are being pursued by many researchers, correspondingly, growing small molecules and natural products with anti-obesity effects have been identified and the molecular mechanisms underlying the action of novel and known compounds have at least partially been revealed. Read More

Soc Work Public Health 2019 Feb 15:1-16. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

c Research and Modeling , Moody's Analytics , San Francisco , California , USA.

This study explored health outcomes of 301 individuals living within three food secure and three food insecure neighborhoods in a midwestern city by using a multi-level model that included household-level and neighborhood-level variables. Logistic regression was used to analyze the relationship between household participation in food assistance programs, perceptions of neighborhood food access, distance to food stores where participants purchased food regularly, reliance upon social support systems for food provisioning, and use of community-based food system markets and/or programs with various diet-related health outcomes. Participants in food insecure areas had higher rates of obesity and type II diabetes, with variability related to food insecurity. Read More

Soc Work Public Health 2019 Feb 15:1-18. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

c Department of Pediatrics , Metropolitan Hospital Oregon , New York , New York , USA.

Objective: This study explores the social work profession's empirical contribution to addressing factors influencing overweight and obesity outcomes among racial-ethnic minority populations in the United States. The high prevalence of obesity in U.S. Read More

Expert Rev Endocrinol Metab 2019 Jan 31:1-13. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

a Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , University of Wisconsin , Madison , WI , USA.

Introduction: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) diagnosis comprises combinations of female hyperandrogenism, menstrual irregularity and polycystic ovaries. While it is a familial and highly prevalent endocrine disorder, progress towards a cure is hindered by absence of a definitive pathogenic mechanism and lack of an animal model of naturally occurring PCOS. Areas covered: These include an overview of PCOS and its potential etiology, and an examination of insights gained into its pathogenic origins. Read More

Obesity (Silver Spring) 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Center for Nutrition Research, Institution for Food Safety and Health, Illinois Institute of Technology, Chicago, Illinois, USA.

Objective: This study investigated the effect of red raspberry intake on meal-induced postprandial metabolic responses in individuals who have overweight or obesity with prediabetes and insulin resistance (PreDM-IR), and in metabolically healthy individuals (Reference).

Methods: Thirty-two adults (PreDM-IR, n = 21; Reference, n = 11) were randomized to a controlled, three-arm, single-blinded, crossover trial. Participants were provided 0 g of frozen red raspberries (Control), 125 g of frozen red raspberries (RR-125) (~1 cup), or 250 g of frozen red raspberries (RR-250) (~2 cups), with a challenge breakfast meal (high carbohydrate/moderate fat) on three separate days. Read More

Br J Pharmacol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Molecular Cardiology Research Institute, Tufts Medical Center, Boston, MA.

Arterial stiffness progressively increases with ageing and is an independent predictor of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk. Evidence supports that there are sex differences in the time course of aging-related arterial stiffness and the associated CVD risk which increases disproportionately in postmenopausal women. The association between arterial stiffness and mortality is almost 2 fold higher in women versus men. Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Pathology, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Introduction: One of the most acceptable procedures in bariatric surgery is laparoscopic gastric bypass. Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) is a common technique used in bariatric surgery. Recently, one anastomosis gastric bypass (OAGB) has been suggested as a simple, fast, and effective technique for obesity treatment. Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Division of General Surgery, National University Health System, 1E, Kent Ridge Road, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.

Purpose: Prevalence of obesity in Asia has been on the increasing trend, with corresponding increase in utilisation of bariatric surgery. The objective of this study was to examine differences in weight loss outcomes following bariatric surgery between Asian ethnicities.

Materials And Methods: A retrospective database review was conducted of patients undergoing primary laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy between 2009 and 2013 in 14 centres from Singapore, Malaysia, Taiwan, Hong Kong, Japan, Korea, India, Australia, Switzerland, and the USA. Read More

Hepatol Commun 2019 Feb 17;3(2):227-245. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Institute of Molecular Biosciences University of Graz Graz Austria.

Murine hepatic carboxylesterase 2c () and the presumed human ortholog carboxylesterase 2 () have been implicated in the development of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in mice and obese humans. These studies demonstrated that hydrolyzes triglycerides (TGs) in hepatocytes. Interestingly, / is most abundantly expressed in the intestine, indicating a role of / in intestinal TG metabolism. Read More

Acta Pharm Sin B 2019 Jan 17;9(1):135-143. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Pharmacology and Toxicology Research Center, Institute of Medicinal Plant Development, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100193, China.

Obesity is a worldwide epidemic. Promoting browning of white adipose tissue (WAT) contributes to increased energy expenditure and hence counteracts obesity. Here we show that cordycepin (Cpn), a natural derivative of adenosine, increases energy expenditure, inhibits weight gain, improves metabolic profile and glucose tolerance, decreases WAT mass and adipocyte size, and enhances cold tolerance in normal and high-fat diet-fed mice. Read More

Womens Midlife Health 2018 10;4. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

1MatCH Research Unit [Maternal, Adolescent and Child Health Research Unit], Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Witwatersrand, 40 Dr AB Xuma Street,11th floor, Suite 1108-9,Commercial City, Durban, 4001 South Africa.

Background: In South Africa, hormonal contraception is widely used in women over the age of 40 years. One of these methods and the most commonly used is depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) which has been found to have a negative effect on bone mass. Limited information is available on the effect of norethisterone enanthate (NET-EN) on bone mass, and combined oral contraceptives (COCs) have not been found to be associated with loss of bone mass. Read More

BMC Obes 2019 4;6. Epub 2019 Feb 4.

3Departments of Medicine and Population Health, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY USA.

Background: Despite evidence that biological and genetic factors contribute strongly to obesity, many healthcare providers still attribute obesity more to controllable behavioral issues rather than factors outside a person's control. We evaluated whether medical school students' beliefs about obesity correlate with ability to effectively counsel patients with obesity.

Methods: Clerkship-year medical students at NYU School of Medicine completed an Objective Structured Clinical Experience (OSCE) that tests ability to effectively counsel standardized actor-patients with obesity. Read More

Wideochir Inne Tech Maloinwazyjne 2019 Jan 7;14(1):141-144. Epub 2018 Aug 7.

Minimally Invasive Surgery Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Diaphragm paralysis has been observed following cervical spinal cord and diaphragm injuries. Patients with diaphragm paralysis require plication of the diaphragm if significant pulmonary dysfunction occurs. We aimed to report the unsuccessful stapling technique in the correction of diaphragm paralysis. Read More

Genes Nutr 2019 1;14. Epub 2019 Feb 1.

1Institute of Human Nutrition and Food Science, University of Kiel, 24118 Kiel, Germany.

The fruit fly has been increasingly recognized as an important model organism in nutrition research. In order to conduct nutritional studies in fruit flies, special attention should be given to the composition of the experimental diets. Besides complex diets, which are often based on maize, yeast, sucrose, and agar, can be also fed chemically defined diets. Read More

Afr Health Sci 2018 Dec;18(4):972-978

Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Jawaharlal Institute of Post graduate Medical Education and Research, Puducherry - 605006.

Background: Incidence of endometrial cancer in India is increasing due to lifestyle changes and obesity. As 5 year survival rate of cancer confined to uterus is good, there is need for serum tumor marker for early diagnosis. This study was designed to identify a tumor marker which differentiate endometrial carcinoma and abnormal uterine bleeding (AUB) because common presentation of endometrial carcinoma is AUB. Read More