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Pediatr Res 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Neonatology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, Sichuan, China.

Background: Serum bilirubin levels are inversely associated with obesity in adults. We are interested in whether neonatal jaundice is associated with childhood obesity in preterm infants.

Methods: Data were obtained from the US Collaborative Perinatal Project. Read More

Neuroendocrinology 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Background: Obesity is associated with reduced physiological responses to leptin and insulin, leading to the concept of obesity-associated hormonal resistance.

Objectives: Here, we demonstrate that contrary to expectations, leptin signalling not only remains functional but is constantly activated in the arcuate nucleus of the hypothalamus (ARH) neurons of obese mice. This state of persistent response to endogenous leptin underpins the lack of response to exogenous leptin. Read More

Am J Nephrol 2019 Apr 17;49(6):435-437. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Distinguished Scientist-in-Residence, Department of Health Studies, College of Arts and Sciences, American University, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.

Immunity 2019 Apr;50(4):975-991

Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA; Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, USA.

Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease associated with type 2 cytokines interleukin-4 (IL-4), IL-5, and IL-13, which promote airway eosinophilia, mucus overproduction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR), and immunogloubulin E (IgE) synthesis. However, only half of asthma patients exhibit signs of an exacerbated Type 2 response. "Type 2-low" asthma has different immune features: airway neutrophilia, obesity-related systemic inflammation, or in some cases, few signs of immune activation. Read More

Child Care Health Dev 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Sociology and Anthropology, Marshall University, Huntington, WV, USA.

Background: The increasing number of convenience and small food stores may be contributing to the rising childhood obesity rate in the United States, however, the literature assessing food environments surrounding elementary schools in this country is relatively limited. This study determines: (1) whether the food environments around public elementary schools is of significantly lower quality than those of other areas in the U.S. Read More

PLoS One 2019 17;14(4):e0215392. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Population Health Research Institute, St. George's, University of London, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Although most countries face increasing population levels of obesity and diabetes their effect on coronary heart disease (CHD) mortality has not been often studied in small island developing states (SIDs) where obesity rates are among the highest in the world. We estimated the relative contributions of treatments and cardiovascular risk factors to the decline in CHD mortality from 1990 to 2012 in the Caribbean island, Barbados.

Methods: We used the IMPACT CHD mortality model to estimate the effect of increased coverage of effective medical/surgical treatments and changes in major CHD risk factors on mortality trends in 2012 compared with 1990. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):211-220

9 Centre for Research & Implementation of Clinical Practice, London, United Kingdom.

This study was undertaken as part of the UK LIMPRINT international study to determine the number of people with chronic edema (CO) and its impact on health services. Overall 7436 with CO were recruited in the main UK study from a range of health settings. Factors relating to subjective control of arm and leg CO were defined in the UK. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):141-146

4 Montpellier Medecine Vasculaire, EA2992, Universite Montpellier I, CHU Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France.

There is no standardized international model for specialist lymphedema services, which covers the types of lymphedema treated and the treatments provided. The aim of this study was to provide a profile of patients attending specialist lymphedema services in different countries to explore similarities and differences. The LIMPRINT core tool was used in specialist lymphedema services in the United Kingdom, France, Italy, and Turkey. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):135-140

1 Department of Vascular Medicine, EA2992, University of Montpellier, CHU Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

To estimate the prevalence of lymphedema/chronic edema (CO) and wounds in acute hospital inpatients in five different countries. A point-prevalence study was carried out during working day periods in six general hospitals in four countries (Denmark, France, United Kingdom, and Australia) and one hospital oncology inpatient unit in one other country (Ireland). The study used validated clinical tools for the assessment and collection of data. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):163-167

1 CHU de Montpellier, Montpellier, France.

Chronic edema is a condition posing a high burden on patients. The primary aim of the study was to assess the health-related quality of life (QoL) of adult patients living with chronic edema. As part of an international, multicenter, prospective study, we prospectively assessed the health-related QoL of adult patients living with a chronic edema using a disease-specific tool and a generic one. Read More

Lymphat Res Biol 2019 Apr;17(2):147-154

2 Montpellier Medecine Vasculaire, EA2992, Universite Montpellier I, CHU Saint Eloi, Montpellier, France.

Chronic edema (CO) is believed to be a major clinical problem within community nursing services in the United Kingdom. This study was undertaken as part of the LIMPRINT international study to determine the number of people with CO and its impact on health services. Three urban-based community nursing services participated in the United Kingdom with prospective evaluation for 4 weeks of all patients receiving nursing care using a questionnaire-based interview and clinical assessment using the LIMPRINT tools. Read More

Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Departments of Orthopaedics and Physiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, United States.

Mechanical forces regulate muscle development, hypertrophy, and homeostasis. Force-transmitting structures allow mechanotransduction at the sarcolemma, cytoskeleton, and nuclear envelope. There is growing evidence that YAP (Yes-associated protein) serves as a nuclear relay of mechanical signals and can induce a range of downstream signaling cascades. Read More

Am J Physiol Regul Integr Comp Physiol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Louisiana State University (LSU) School of Veterinary Medicine, United States.

Background: The hypertensive pregnancy disorder preeclampsia (PE) is a leading cause of fetal/ maternal morbidity/mortality. Obesity increases the risk to develop PE, presumably via the release of inflammatory mediators from the adipose tissue, but the exact etiology remains largely unknown.

Methods: Using obese PE-like BPH/5 and lean gestational age-matched C57Bl6 mice, we aimed to obtain insight into differential reproductive white adipose tissue (rWAT) gene expression, circulating lipids and inflammation at the maternal-fetal interface during early pregnancy. Read More

J Agric Food Chem 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Neuroinflammation is intensively demonstrated to be related with various neurodegenerative diseases including Parkinson disease (PD), amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and Alzheimer disease (AD). As a natural polymethoxylated flavone, Nobiletin (NOB) is reported to alleviate oxidative stress, insulin resistance, and obesity. In this study, we evaluated the protection effects of NOB on neuroinflammation and memory deficit. Read More

J Cell Biochem 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Endocrine, Cardiovascular & Metabolic Research, Unit for Multidisciplinary Research in Biomedicine (UMIB), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.

Glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) influences energy balance by exerting effects on food intake and glucose metabolism, through mechanisms that are partially dependent on the vagal pathway. The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of chronic GLP-1 stimulation on energy homeostasis and glucose metabolism in the absence of vagal innervation Truncal vagotomized (VGX) and sham operated rats (SHAM) received an intraperitoneal GLP-1 infusion (3.5 pmol/kg/min) trough mini-osmotic pumps. Read More

Int J Eat Disord 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California.

Background: The relationship between genetic risk for body mass index (BMI) and weight control behaviors remains unknown. The objectives of this study were to determine the association between genetic risk for BMI and weight control behaviors in young adults, and to examine actual measured BMI as a potential mediator variable.

Method: We analyzed data from three data collection waves of the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health. Read More

Rev Assoc Med Bras (1992) 2019 Mar 11;65(3):375-383. Epub 2019 Apr 11.

Department of Psychobiology, Federal University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the sleep of subjects with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), with and without hyperandrogenism, in comparison with a healthy control group and examine the effects of hyperandrogenism and obesity on sleep parameters.

Methods: A total of 44 volunteers were recruited to participate in the study. Clinical, biochemical and polysomnographic parameters were used to diagnose PCOS and hyperandrogenism. Read More

J Bone Joint Surg Am 2019 Apr;101(8):682-687

McGovern Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center, Houston, Texas.

Background: Corticosteroid injections are a common treatment for rotator cuff tears. Because of concerns of infection, a surgical procedure is often delayed following injections. The purpose of this investigation was to determine if there is a temporal relationship between corticosteroid injections and the risk of surgical site infection after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair. Read More

J Med Internet Res 2019 Apr 17;21(4):e12772. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Clinical Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine Solna, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.

Background: Patients with chronic diseases are in need of regular health controls. Diabetes mellitus type 2 is currently the most prevalent chronic metabolic disease. A majority of diabetic patients have at least one comorbid chronic disease, where hypertension is the most common. Read More

Environ Health Perspect 2019 Apr;127(4):47005

1 University Paris Descartes , ComUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Paris, France.

Background: Available toxicity data can be optimally interpreted if they are integrated using computational approaches such as systems biology modeling. Such approaches are particularly warranted in cases where regulatory decisions have to be made rapidly.

Objectives: The study aims at developing and applying a new integrative computational strategy to identify associations between bisphenol S (BPS), a substitute for bisphenol A (BPA), and components of adverse outcome pathways (AOPs). Read More

J Child Adolesc Psychopharmacol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

1 Healthy Mind Lab, Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri.

The purpose of this pilot study was to evaluate changes in adiposity, carotid intima media thickness (CIMT), and hepatic fat content measured via magnetic resonance imaging-estimated hepatic proton density fat fraction (PDFF) in antipsychotic (AP)-treated youth versus nonpsychiatric (NP) participants during participation in a 16-week behavioral weight loss (BWL) intervention. Overweight/obese AP-treated youth ( = 26) were randomized 2:1 to weekly treatment versus recommended care (RC) over 16 weeks. NP controls ( = 21) were assigned to weekly treatment. Read More

Anim Genet 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Key Laboratory of Animal (Poultry) Genetics Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100193, China.

Plasma cholinesterase (PCHE) activity is an important auxiliary test in human clinical medicine. It can distinguish liver diseases from non-liver diseases and help detect organophosphorus poisoning. Animal experiments have confirmed that PCHE activity is associated with obesity and hypertension and changes with physiological changes in an animal's body. Read More

Diabetes Metab J 2019 Apr;43(2):144-155

Epidemiologic Research and Information Center, Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA.

Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) and diabetes has been known to be closely related to each other and both diseases impact highly on the public health. There are many evidence of reports that OSA is associated with diabetes with a bidirectional correlation. A possible causal mechanism of OSA to diabetes is intermittent hypoxemia and diabetes to OSA is microvascular complication. Read More

Clin Obes 2019 Apr 16:e12310. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Patient-Centered Outcomes Assessment, RTI Health Solutions, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina.

The Impact of Weight on Quality of Life-Lite (IWQOL-Lite) is widely used in evaluations of weight-loss interventions, including pharmaceutical trials. Because this measure was developed using input from individuals undergoing intensive residential treatment, the IWQOL-Lite may include concepts not relevant to clinical trial populations and may be missing concepts that are relevant to these populations. An alternative version, the IWQOL-Lite Clinical Trials Version (IWQOL-Lite-CT), was developed and validated according to the US Food and Drug Administration's (FDA's) guidance on patient-reported outcomes. Read More

J Intern Med 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, IRCCS Neuromed, Pozzilli, IS, Italy.

Background: There is poor knowledge on the association between combined lifestyles with mortality risk among individuals at high risk, and little is known on the biological mechanisms that could be on the pathway.

Methods: Longitudinal analysis on 22 839 individuals from the Moli-sani Study (Italy, 2005-2010). Among them, we identified 5200 elderly individuals (≥65 year), 2127 subjects with diabetes and 1180 with cardiovascular disease (CVD) at baseline. Read More

Int J Behav Med 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Center for Health and Community, University of California, San Francisco, 3333 California St, San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.

Background: Stress can lead to excessive weight gain. Mindfulness-based stress reduction that incorporates mindful eating shows promise for reducing stress, overeating, and improving glucose control. No interventions have tested mindfulness training with a focus on healthy eating and weight gain during pregnancy, a period of common excessive weight gain. Read More

World J Pediatr 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Shanghai Key Laboratory of Female Reproductive Endocrine Related Disease, Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital of Fudan University, 128 Shen Yang Road, Shanghai, 200092, China.

Background: Women who had delivered a macrosomic newborn will have a higher risk to deliver another macrosomia. We aimed to examine the recurrence risk of macrosomia in the subsequent pregnancy and the implications in long-term child health.

Methods: Data from the Collaborative Perinatal Project, a longitudinal birth cohort with 54,371 singleton births, were used. Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Center, DIPRECA Hospital, Vital Apoquindo 1200, Las Condes, Santiago, Chile.

Background: Obesity is a global health problem that also affects older adults. In Chile, as in most of the developing countries, more than half of older adults are overweight or obese, and bariatric surgery may be riskier for this group. The aim of this study is to compare our experience in patients over 60 years of age with a control group to determine associated surgical morbidity and mortality. Read More

Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

School of Applied Sciences, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Rua Pedro Zaccaria, 1300, Limeira, São Paulo, 13484-350, Brazil.

Obesity is an important public health concern and is directly related with chronic noncommunicable diseases that affect the health of millions of people around the world. This study was held to verify the short-term effects related to the consumption of freeze-dried red beet leaves on biochemical and anthropometrical parameters of volunteers with overweight/obesity and dyslipidemia. Participants (n = 36) were divided at random into two groups. Read More

Plant Foods Hum Nutr 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Division of Molecular Medicine Ruđer Bošković Institute, Zagreb, Croatia.

Metabolic syndrome, characterized by obesity, low-grade inflammation, insulin resistance, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia and hypertension, is a major risk factor for cardiovascular mortality. Preclinical studies on recently discovered classes of lipids - fatty acid esters of hydroxy fatty acids (FAHFA) have revealed their anti-inflammatory and insulin-sensitizing potential. The FAHFA levels are significantly decreased in insulin-resistant individuals, their application exhibited anti-inflammatory effects and restoring the glucose-insulin homeostasis. Read More

Acta Diabetol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino Genoa - Italian Cardiovascular Network, 10 Largo Benzi, 16132, Genoa, Italy.

Aims: Metabolic surgery is considered as a therapeutic option for obese patients with type 2 diabetes (T2D). In order to identify novel laboratory variables that could improve the selection of patients who might greatly benefit from a surgical approach, we focused on the neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio (NLR) as a predictor of long-term T2D remission following metabolic surgery.

Methods: Thirty-one obese patients with T2D included in this pilot study underwent Roux-en-Y gastric bypass or biliopancreatic diversion (BPD) at the Surgical Department of Genoa University, IRCCS Ospedale Policlinico San Martino in Genoa (Italy). Read More

Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Main building, Beishan Industrial Zone, Yantian District, Shenzhen, 518083, China.

Coix seed (CS) is widely used as food material and herbal medicine in Asian countries with hypolipidemic and anti-inflammatory properties. But whether CS takes effect by modulating the composition of the gut microbiota remains unknown. Here, three groups of mice were fed different diets for 5 weeks: standard chow, high fat (HF), and CS added to HF. Read More

Food Nutr Res 2019 4;63. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Cariology, Institute of Odontology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.

Background: Obesity is a multifactorial disease that is increasing worldwide and is caused by different environmental and genetic factors, with an increase in the consumption of high-energy-containing food and a decrease in physical activity constituting two of the main reasons. Sweet taste perception may have an effect on the subject's dietary choices and affect his or her predisposition to obesity.

Objectives: The aim was to study the sweet taste perception and dental caries in relation to body mass index (BMI) in 13-15-year-old schoolchildren from three different countries and to compare the BMI among the countries. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr Obes 2019 28;12:423-430. Epub 2019 Mar 28.

Centre for Experimental Medicine, Institute for Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Prague, Czech Republic,

Context: Neudesin has recently been identified as a novel regulator of energy expenditure in experimental animals; however, its role in humans remains unexplored.

Objective: The aim of this study was to assess the effects of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) along with selected weight reducing interventions on serum neudesin levels and adipose tissue mRNA expression.

Patients And Methods: Fifteen obese subjects with T2DM undergoing endoscopic duodenal-jejunal bypass liner (DJBL) implantation, 17 obese subjects (11 with T2DM, 6 without T2DM) scheduled for gastric plication (GP), 15 subjects with functional hypoglycemia subjected to 72-hour acute fasting (AF), and 12 healthy controls were included in the study. Read More

Nat Rev Endocrinol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Nature Reviews Endocrinology, .

Int J Obes (Lond) 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada.

Objecive: Women with twins have an a priori increased risk for many of the complications associated with maternal obesity. Thus, the impact of maternal obesity in twins may differ from that reported in singletons. In addition, given the increased metabolic demands in twin pregnancies, the impact of maternal underweight may be greater in twin compared with singleton gestations. Read More

Biosci Rep 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Ariel University, Ariel University, Ariel, Illinois, 40700, Israel

Dietary fat overload (typical to obesity) increases the risk of pancreatic pathologies through mechanisms yet to be defined. We previously showed that saturated dietary fat induces pancreatic acinar lipotoxicity and cellular stress. The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) of exocrine pancreas cells is highly developed and thus predisposed to stress. Read More

Pediatr Dent 2019 Mar;41(2):132-135

Dr. Vieira is a professor, Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pa., USA;, Email:

The purpose of this study was to determine if dental ages are more advanced in overweight children and influenced by genetic variation. Panoramic radiographs from 577 children were obtained. For performing genetic studies, an additional 236 subjects had panoramic radiographs and whole saliva samples collected. Read More

Behav Cogn Psychother 2019 Apr 17:1-11. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Psychiatry,University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine,Philadelphia, PA,USA.

Background: Acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT) is a psychological treatment that has been found to increase weight loss in adults when combined with lifestyle modification, compared with the latter treatment alone. However, an ACT-based treatment for weight loss has never been tested in adolescents.

Methods: The present pilot study assessed the feasibility and acceptability of a 16-week, group ACT-based lifestyle modification treatment for adolescents and their parents/guardians. Read More

Reprod Biol Endocrinol 2019 Apr 16;17(1):39. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Biological Sciences, Simon Fraser University, 8888 University Drive, Burnaby, BC, V5A 1S6, Canada.

Background: Maternal nutrition during pregnancy has life-long consequences for offspring. However, the effects of maternal overnutrition and/ or obesity on fetal growth remain poorly understood, e.g. Read More

BMC Public Health 2019 Apr 16;19(1):414. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Institute for Health and Sport, Victoria University, PO Box 14428, Melbourne, VIC, 8001, Australia.

Background: Given the importance of knowing the potential impediments and enablers for physical activity (PA) and sedentary behaviour (SB) in a specific population, the aim of this study was to systematically review and summarise evidence on individual, social, environmental, and policy correlates of PA and SB in the Thai population.

Methods: A systematic review of articles written in Thai and English was conducted. Studies that reported at least one correlate for PA and/or SB in a healthy Thai population were selected independently by two authors. Read More

Toxicol Ind Health 2019 Apr 16:748233719839847. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

1 School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, Jiangsu, China.

Cytochrome P450 2E1 (CYP2E1) can be induced by diabetes mellitus, nonalcoholic liver disease, and obesity. This study assessed the protective effects of three sulfur compounds, namely phenethyl isothiocyanate (PEITC), dimethyl trisulfide (DMTS), and sodium thiosulfate (STS), on acrylonitrile (ACN)-induced acute toxicity in rats enriched with CYP2E1. PEITC and DMTS were administered intragastrically (i. Read More

Health Psychol Rev 2019 Apr 16:1-45. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

j School of Public Health , University College Cork, Western Gateway Building , Western Road, Cork , Ireland , [ ], 00353214205469.

The conceptual basis of early childhood feeding interventions for obesity prevention is poorly understood. The aim of this systematic review is to characterise these interventions' use of behaviour change techniques (BCTs) and psychological theory, focusing on interventions delivered by healthcare professionals for children ≤ 2 years. We searched seven electronic databases from inception to January 2019 and identified 12 trials. Read More

Gut Microbes 2019 Apr 16:1-8. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

a Department of Pediatrics, The Saban Research Institute, Children's Hospital Los Angeles , University of Southern California , Los Angeles , CA , USA.

Background: A western high fat, high carbohydrate diet has been shown to be associated with decreased gut bacterial diversity and reductions in beneficial bacteria. This gut bacteria dysbiosis could develop in early life and contribute to chronic disease risk such as obesity, type 2 diabetes and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease.

Objective: To determine how dietary macronutrients are associated with the relative abundance of gut bacteria in healthy adolescents. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Urology, New York, New York, United States ;

Introduction/background: As the prevalence of obesity increases worldwide, an increasing proportion of surgical candidates have an elevated BMI, with associated metabolic syndrome. Yet there exists limited evidence regarding the effect of elevated BMI on surgical outcomes in robotic surgeries. We examined whether obese patients had worse perioperative outcomes and postoperative renal function following robotic partial nephrectomies (RPNs). Read More

Minerva Endocrinol 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Diabetes Center -

Incretin hormones, namely glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) and glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) are gastro-intestinal hormones released from different enteroendocrine cells after nutrient intake. Incretins exert their actions though binding to and activation of specific GIP and GLP-1 receptors which are present in several target tissues. Incretin receptor activation in the pancreas leads to the incretin effect and other significant non-insulinotropic effects. Read More

J Clin Res Pediatr Endocrinol 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

İstanbul University Cerrahpaşa Medical Faculty, Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, and Adolescent Departments, İstanbul, Turkey

Objective: Non syndromic monogenic obesity is a rare cause of early onset severe obesity in the childhood period. This form may not be distinguishable from other forms of severe obesity without genetic analysis, particularly if patients do not exibit any physical abnormalities or developmental delay. The aim of this study is to screen 41 different obesity-related genes in children with non-syndromic early onset severe obesity. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 15;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Nutrition, Food Sciences and Gastronomy, School of Pharmacy and Food Sciences, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.

is a Mediterranean tomato-based sauce that typically also contains olive oil, onion, and garlic. The preparation of modifies the bioactive compounds (carotenoids and polyphenols) in the ingredients to more bioavailable forms, promoting -lycopene formation and polyphenol bioaccessibility. To evaluate the health benefits of this cooking technique, the effect of consuming an acute dose of on the inflammatory status was studied. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 15;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Center of Research Excellence in Nutrition and Metabolism, Institute for Medical Research, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Chokeberry polyphenols have been suggested to reduce cholesterol and blood pressure and thus protect against cardiovascular diseases (CVD), but the evidence in humans is limited and inconsistent. This randomized double-blinded three-parallel groups trial investigated the changes in various anthropometric and clinical biomarkers, and in plasma phospholipids fatty acids (PPFA) in volunteers at cardiovascular risk after a four-week intervention with 100 mL/day of (1) chokeberry juice with a high-dose of polyphenols (1177.11 mg gallic acid equivalents, GAE); (2) chokeberry juice with a low-dose of polyphenols (294. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Apr 15;11(4). Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Kinesiology, University of Massachusetts, Amherst, MA 01003, USA.

The purpose of this review is to summarize the scientific contributions of the International Study of Childhood Obesity, Lifestyle and the Environment (ISCOLE) in extending our understanding about obesity in children from around the world. ISCOLE was a multi-national study of 9 to 11 year-old children from sites in 12 countries from all inhabited continents. The primary purpose was to investigate relationships between lifestyle behaviors and obesity, and the influence of higher-order characteristics such as behavioral settings, and physical, social and policy environments. Read More