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J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab 2021 Jun 14. Epub 2021 Jun 14.

Department of Pediatrics, Kansai Medical University, Hirakata, Osaka, Japan.

Objectives: Bone can act as an endocrine organ through the secretion of bone-specific hormones, i.e., osteokines. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2021 Jun 9;61:199-206. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Educational Psychology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2G5, Canada. Electronic address:

Problem: Africa is the largest source continent of refugee children. However, we found no published synthesis of the literature on the health of African refugee children outside Africa. Conducting a review of the literature on this particular population will help illuminate the particular contextual health issues faced by African child refugees who live outside Africa. Read More

Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med 2021 Jun 9:100900. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Anaesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.

Mol Metab 2021 Jun 9:101270. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Integrative Biology & Physiology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA; Center for Immunology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:

Objective: Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) covers a wide spectrum of liver pathology ranging from simple fatty liver to non-alcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). Notably, immune cell-driven inflammation is a key mechanism in the transition from fatty liver to the more serious NASH. Although exercise training is effective at ameliorating obesity-related diseases, the underlying mechanisms of the beneficial effects of exercise remain unclear. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials 2021 Jun 9:106476. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Center for Children's Healthy Lifestyles & Nutrition, 610 E 22(nd) Street, Kansas City, MO 64109, United States.

A significant percentage of clinical trials fail due to poor recruitment. Despite this, few studies exist to evaluate clinical trial recruitment strategies using a randomized approach in any population, and none exist to test recruitment strategies for trials involving children or rural populations. For clinical trials focused on weight control, evaluating retention and dose are extremely important, as poor retention can lead to biased samples and existing research shows that dose (i. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Food, Nutrition and Health, Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China. Electronic address:

Tea is one of the three most widely consumed beverages in the world, not only because of its unique flavor but also due to its various health benefits. The bioactive components in tea, such as polyphenols, polysaccharides, polypeptides, pigments, and alkaloids, are the main contributors to its health functions. Based on epidemiological surveys, the consumption of tea and its compounds in daily life has positive effects on cardiovascular diseases, cancers, hepatopathy, obesity, and diabetes mellitus. Read More

Peptides 2021 Jun 9:170597. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Stem Cells and Regenerative Medicine, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of China, And Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, 110122, China. Electronic address:

Metabolic associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) is the leading common chronic liver disease affecting more than one-quarter of the population worldwide, but no pharmacological therapy was approved specifically. A synthetic peptide AWRK6 developed in our group based on the antimicrobial peptide Dybowskin-2CDYa was found to attenuated diabetes as a novel GLP-1 receptor agonist candidate. The effects of AWRK6 on MAFLD and its underlying mechanisms were investigated in this paper. Read More

J Am Acad Dermatol 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Dermatology, Donald and Barbara Zucker School of Medicine at Hofstra / Northwell, New Hyde Park, NY, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Psoriasis has been linked to obesity, although there is limited data on the incidence of psoriasis according to body mass index.

Objective: To compare incidence of psoriasis among patients stratified by BMI category (normal or underweight, overweight, obese-class 1, obese-class 2/3).

Methods: Retrospective cohort analysis of a demographically heterogeneous sample of over 1. Read More

Pediatr Int 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Sydney School of Public Health, The University of Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

Background: To describe the patterns of consumption of multiple sugary sweetened beverages (including modern and traditional) among adolescents in Ho Chi Minh City and to identify a possible relationship between this consumption and overweight and obesity and with other main factors.

Method: A secondary analysis from a cross-sectional study of 11 to 15-year-old students from 31 junior high schools across Ho Chi Minh City. We measured the students' anthropometric status and assessed beverage consumption using a validated FFQ. Read More

J Am Geriatr Soc 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.

Background/objectives: To assess whether vitamin D supplementation prevents specific fall subtypes and sequelae (e.g., fracture). Read More

Updates Surg 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Fluminense Federal University, Niterói, RJ, Brazil.

Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease has increased in parallel with the obesity. This situation represents a new reality for patients with an indication for liver transplant (LT) and bariatric surgery (BS). We undertook a systematic review of BS and LT using the terms 'liver transplant', 'obesity' and 'bariatric surgery'. Read More

Esophagus 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Preemptive Medicine and Lifestyle Disease Research Center, Kyoto University Hospital, 53 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8397, Japan.

Background: Visceral fat obesity can be defined quantitatively by abdominal computed tomography, however, the usefulness of measuring visceral fat area to assess the etiology of gastrointestinal reflux disease has not been fully elucidated.

Methods: A total of 433 healthy subjects aged 40-69 years (234 men, 199 women) were included in the study. The relationship between obesity-related factors (total fat area, visceral fat area, subcutaneous fat area, waist circumference, and body mass index) and the incidence of reflux erosive esophagitis was investigated. Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Faculty of Pharmacy, Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada.

Obesity is a disease of the nervous system. While some will view this statement as provocative, others will take it as obvious. Whatever our side is, the pharmacology tells us that targeting the nervous system works for promoting weight loss. Read More

J Crohns Colitis 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic, Southwest Rochester, MN, USA.

Background And Aims: There remains a historical misconception that inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) patients are underweight. However, recent data suggests rates of obesity in IBD parallel those of the general population. The impact obesity has on the natural history of IBD is unclear. Read More

Andrologia 2021 Jun 12:e14131. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Urology, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt.

We assessed the effect of smoking and/or obesity on semen parameters and testosterone/oestradiol (T/E) ratio among sub-fertile men treated with sub-inguinal varicocelectomy. In this prospective, controlled, clinical study, 80 sub-fertile men with clinical varicocele who were subjected to sub-inguinal varicocelectomy were assigned into four equal groups (n = 20/each), group A: obese and smokers, group B: obese and nonsmokers, group C: smokers and nonobese and group D: nonsmokers and nonobese. Semen parameters, serum testosterone, oestradiol, follicle-stimulating hormone, luteinising hormone, prolactin and calculation of T/E ratio were assessed at baseline and 6 months post-varicocelectomy. Read More

Drug Dev Res 2021 Jun 12. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Chemistry, UGC Sponsored Centre for Advanced Studies, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.

Anthranilic acid and its analogues present a privileged profile as pharmacophores for the rational development of pharmaceuticals deliberated for managing the pathophysiology and pathogenesis of various diseases. The substitution on anthranilic acid scaffold provides large compound libraries, which enable a comprehensive assessment of the structure activity relationship (SAR) analysis for the identification of hits and leads in a typical drug development paradigm. Besides, their widespread applications as anti-inflammatory fenamates, the amide and anilide derivatives of anthranilic acid analogues play a central role in the management of several metabolic disorders. Read More

Int J Clin Pract 2021 Jun 12:e14502. Epub 2021 Jun 12.

Department of Family Medicine, Düzce University Medical Faculty, Duzce, Turkey.

Background: The chronotype of patients who cannot reach their ideal weight despite diet and exercise may play a role in this resistance. In this study, the relationship between BMI and chronobiological preferences was examined and a weight loss program was applied to refractory obese patients with evening type (ET).

Method: The study included 50 obese (BMI≥30 kg/m ), 50 overweight (BMI=25-29 kg/m ), and 50 normal normal-weight (BMI<25 kg/m ). Read More

Breast J 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Medical Oncology, Thomas Jefferson University, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center at Jefferson Health, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.

Obesity is a modifiable risk factor in breast cancer patients and is predictive of disease outcomes in early-onset breast cancer survivors. The purpose of this review is to summarize the current evidence in the association between early-onset breast cancer and obesity, specifically in African-American women. Reviewing the molecular mechanisms and social determinants of disease in this population can provide a foundation for future interventions in prevention, detection, and treatment aiming at improving outcomes for young breast cancer patients. Read More

Indian J Pediatr 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Pediatrics, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, 342005, India.

Objective: To explore the association of symptoms of sleep-related breathing disorders (SRBD) with asthma control in Indian children.

Methods: This study was carried out in the pediatric chest clinic of a tertiary care center in western India. Children from 6 to 18 y of age with a physician-diagnosed case of asthma were included in the study. Read More

Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

First Department of Pediatrics, Medical School, Aghia Sophia Children's Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, 1 Thivon Str, Goudi, 11527, Athens, Greece.

Purpose: The aim of this study was to investigate the oral health status of overweight and obese children compared to normal weight children and to explore the effect of risk indicators, including stress, on the oral health of the children.

Methods: For this cross-sectional study, 7-15-year-old children were enrolled: divided into a group of overweight and obese and a group of normal weight children. Parent-reported questionnaires were used to for data collection demographic data, children's medical and developmental history, brushing frequency and dietary habits. Read More

Diabetes Ther 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Sanofi Medical Department, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia.

Introduction: The alarming increase in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in Saudi Arabia is aggravated by increasing obesity, sedentary lifestyle, and population aging. The RIMODIS study aimed at describing the practices in the therapeutic management of patients with T2DM treated with different insulin regimens.

Methods: This national, multicenter, non-interventional, cross-sectional disease registry on the real-life therapeutic management of insulin-treated patients with T2DM in Saudi Arabia enrolled 3010 patients. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Biostatistics, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.

The total serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] level is lower in obese individuals than in their nonobese peers, despite similar bone turnover markers and bone mineral density. This study aimed to investigate whether the threshold level of 25(OH)D for the diagnosis of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) in obese adolescents was lower than that in controls and to compare 25(OH)D, free [25(OH)D] and bioavailable [25(OH)D] vitamin D with VDBP levels in obese individuals and their controls. A total of 173 adolescents (90 obese individuals and 83 controls) aged 12-18 years were included in the study. Read More

Diabetologia 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Key Laboratory of Human Functional Genomics of Jiangsu Province, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.

Aims/hypothesis: Macrophage levels are elevated in pancreatic islets, and the resulting inflammatory response is a major contributor to beta cell failure during obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Previous studies by us and others have reported that exosomes released by macrophages play important roles in mediating cell-to-cell communication, and represent a class of inflammatory factors involved in the inflammatory process associated with type 2 diabetes mellitus. However, to date, no reports have demonstrated the effect of macrophage-derived exosomes on beta cells, and little is known regarding their underlying mechanisms in beta cell injury. Read More

Br Dent J 2021 Jun;230(11):687-688

By email, Glasgow/Edinburgh, UK.

Hypertens Res 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Cardiovascular, Renal and Metabolic Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.

Xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR), a rate-limiting and catalyzing enzyme of uric acid formation in purine metabolism, is involved in reactive oxygen species generation. Plasma XOR activity has been shown to be a novel metabolic biomarker related to obesity, liver dysfunction, hyperuricemia, dyslipidemia, and insulin resistance. However, the association between plasma XOR activity and hypertension has not been fully elucidated. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Jun 11;11(1):12407. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Centre for Environmental Sciences, Hasselt University, Agoralaan Building D, 3590, Diepenbeek, Belgium.

Studies based on self-reported alcohol consumption and telomere length show inconsistent results. Therefore, we studied the association between gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT), a widely used biomarker of alcohol intake, and telomere length. The possible health relevance in young adulthood was explored by investigating cardiometabolic risk factors. Read More

Sci Rep 2021 Jun 11;11(1):12339. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology and Metabolic Diseases, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Szpitalna Str. 27/33, 60-572, Poznań, Poland.

Studies comparing the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on cardiometabolic markers provided inconsistent results. Therefore, the study aimed to compare the effect of endurance and endurance-strength training on body composition and cardiometabolic parameters in abdominally obese women. In this randomised trial, 101 subjects were included and divided into endurance (n = 52) and endurance-strength (n = 49) training. Read More

Psychosom Med 2021 Jun 11. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

Department of Epidemiology, Brown University School of Public Health Mindfulness Center at Brown University Department of Psychiatry, University of Wisconsin-Madison Center for Healthy Minds, University of Wisconsin-Madison Department of Psychology, Carnegie Mellon University.

Abstract: We are at a difficult time in history with societal increases in stress, loneliness, and psychopathology, along with high rates of obesity, sedentary lifestyles, and chronic pain. Mindfulness interventions offer promise to address these societal issues. However, in order to make best use of the opportunities revealed by our current challenges, we must: (1) tackle these issues head-on with inclusive, innovative, and creative experimental designs and interventions, and (2) collectively adhere to rigorous, high quality methods so as to provide an evidence-based integration of mindfulness interventions into mainstream medicine and public health. Read More

Blood Coagul Fibrinolysis 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Melbourne, Melbourne Women's and Children's Division, Joan Kirner Women's and Children's at Sunshine Hospital, St Albans Department of Obstetrics, The Royal Women's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

Venous thromboembolic disease (VTE) risk increases five-fold antenatally and 14-fold during the puerperium. Obesity significantly increases this risk. The D-dimer assay and more novel Calibrated Automated Thrombogram (CAT) assay laboratory tests display potential for use in VTE risk stratification in pregnancy, although to date, research in the performance characteristics of these tests in obese and nonobese pregnant populations is limited. Read More

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2021 Jun 11;16(6):908-915. Epub 2021 Jun 11.

University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, Colorado.

Background And Objectives: On the basis of earlier observations, we evaluated the association between overweight and obesity and rapid progression of autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease in participants in the Tolvaptan Efficacy and Safety in Management of Autosomal Dominant Polycystic Kidney Disease and Its Outcomes (TEMPO) 3:4 trial. More importantly, we also determined whether efficacy of tolvaptan was attenuated in individuals with baseline overweight or obesity.

Design, Setting, Participants, & Measurements: A total of 1312 study participants with relatively early-stage autosomal dominant polycystic kidney disease (mean eGFR 78±22 ml/min per 1. Read More