297,259 results match your criteria Obesity
Liver Int 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.
Institute of Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Background: Projections on liver diseases mortality can provide a basis for evaluating the World Health Organization's "25 by 25" goal and can help health care systems design appropriate control strategies. This study evaluated whether the 25 by 25 goal can be achieved in Taiwan and discussed possible future control strategies.
Methods: Age-period-cohort models are used to estimate the mortality trends of liver diseases from 1981 to 2016 and project these trends to 2035. Read More
Liver Int 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.
Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People's Hospital; Shanghai Clinical Center for Diabetes; Shanghai Key Clinical Center for Metabolic Disease, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Diabetes Mellitus, Shanghai, 200233, China.
Background & Aims: Serum adipocyte fatty acid-binding protein (A-FABP) is closely correlated to metabolic disorders such as obesity and insulin resistance (IR). Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is a typical feature of IR in the liver. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between serum A-FABP levels and NAFLD. Read More
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2018 Dec 16. Epub 2018 Dec 16.
Department of Food and Nutrition, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, State University of São Paulo (UNESP), Araraquara, SP, Brazil.
The rising worldwide prevalence of obesity has become a major concern having many implications for the public health and the economy. It is well known that many factors such as lifestyle, increased intake of foods high in fat and sugar and a host's genetic profile can lead to obesity. Besides these factors, recent studies have pointed to the gut microbiota composition as being responsible for the development of obesity. Read More
Eur J Appl Physiol 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
Department of Physical Education, Pusan National University, Busan, South Korea.
Introduction: Childhood obesity is strongly associated with cardiovascular disease (CVD) development. It is necessary to combat unfavorable outcomes of obesity at a young age by utilizing effective interventions, such as exercise.
Purpose: We sought to examine the effects of a jump rope exercise program on CVD risk factors, including body composition, vasoactive substances, inflammation, and vascular function in prehypertensive adolescent girls. Read More
Inflammation 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, No. 1 Weigang, Nanjing, 210095, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
Oxidative stress and inflammation play an important role in the chronic kidney disease associated with obesity. Resveratrol (RSV) has been reported to exhibit a wide range of biological activities including antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties. The objective of the present study was to investigate the effects of RSV on renal inflammation and oxidative stress in obese mice induced by high-fat diet. Read More
Eat Weight Disord 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
Dietetics and Clinical Nutrition Laboratory, Department of Public Health, Experimental and Forensic Medicine, University of Pavia, Pavia, Italy.
Purpose: Oxidized LDL cholesterol (oxLDL) has been considered as a sensor of oxidative stress (OS) in childhood obesity. We integrated and related our oxLDL existing results previously assessed in overweight/obese children to lifestyle variables to investigate OS-related lifestyle variables.
Methods: 178 Caucasian children/adolescents have been evaluated and according to BMI percentiles have been classified as normal weight (BMI < 75th); overweight (BMI 75-97th) and obese (BMI > 97th). Read More
Sleep Breath 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
Children's Hospital Los Angeles, 4650 Sunset Blvd., #83, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Purpose: Overweight and obese children have demonstrated reduced rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, affecting energy balance regulation and predisposition to weight gain. Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a known cause of decreased REM sleep. The purpose of this study is to examine the association between the percentage of REM sleep, BMI z-score, and OSA severity in overweight and obese adolescents. Read More
Obes Facts 2018 Dec 14;11(6):514-523. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Integrated Research and Treatment Center (IFB) AdiposityDiseases, University Hospital Leipzig, Leipzig, Germany.
Objectives: Identifying the underlying pathways between obesity and depression and which individuals with obesity are at risk for developing depressive symptoms is important for improving prevention and treatment efforts. The current study investigated appearance evaluation as a potential mediator of the relationship between obesity and depression.
Methods: A total of 1,000 participants with a self-reported BMI greater than 30 kg/m2 were interviewed about their experiences with an elevated body weight and completed measures on appearance evaluation and depression. Read More
Br J Sports Med 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
IMDEA Food Institute, CEI UAM+CSIC, Madrid, Spain.
Objectives: We examined the dose-response relationship between physical activity (PA) and incidence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors in adults in Taiwan.
Methods: This study included 1 98 919 participants, aged 18-97 years, free of CVD, cancer and diabetes at baseline (1997-2013), who were followed until 2016. At baseline, participants were classified into five PA levels: inactive' (0 metabolic equivalent of task (MET)-h/week), 'lower insufficiently active' (0. Read More
Neuroimage 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, USA. Electronic address:
Cerebral small vessel disease has been linked to cognitive, psychiatric and physical disabilities, especially in the elderly. However, the underlying pathophysiology remains incompletely understood, largely due to the limited accessibility of these small vessels in the live brain. Here, we report an intravital imaging and analysis platform for high-resolution, quantitative and comprehensive characterization of pathological alterations in the mouse cerebral microvasculature. Read More
Appetite 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Food Science & Human Nutrition, Colorado State University, United States. Electronic address:
Background: Home food environments (HFE) of children impact dietary intake, though relatively few studies have focused on young children from backgrounds with socioeconomic and racial-ethnic diversity. The objective of the present study was to examine the relationship between the HFE and child dietary intake of preschool-aged children from rural and low-income, culturally diverse families.
Methods: Children (aged 2-5 years) and their primary caregivers (n = 164 parent-child dyads) participated in this study using a cross-sectional design. Read More
Appetite 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Kelvin Grove Campus, School of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences, Faculty of Health, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Victoria Park Rd, Kelvin Grove, QLD, 4059, Australia. Electronic address:
A dual-process model of temperament, incorporating the Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS), Behavioural Activation System (BAS) and effortful control (EC), may help to predict hedonic responses to palatable food and trait disinhibition.
Purpose: This study aimed to determine if the BIS, BAS and EC predicted liking and wanting for high-fat, sweet foods in adults with overweight and obesity, and if collectively, these variables predicted the eating behaviour trait of Disinhibition.
Methods: 168 adults (104 females, mean BMI = 33. Read More
Prog Cardiovasc Dis 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Internal Medicine-Obesity Medicine, Palo Alto Veterans Affairs Health Care System, Palo Alto, CA, USA; Internal Medicine-Primary Care, San Mateo County Health System, San Mateo, CA, USA.
The primary focus of public health recommendations related to the prevention of food-related chronic disease has been on the adoption of healthy dietary patterns; however, implementation has been challenging. There has been increasing recognition that an individual's diet and environment may impact disease susceptibility by affecting the expression of genes involved in critical metabolic pathways. Precision nutrition (PN) has emerged to translate discoveries about diversity in nutrient metabolism between subgroups and the inter-individual variability in the responses to dietary interventions. Read More
Mol Metab 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK; Institute of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Imperial College London, Du Cane Road, London, W12 0NN, UK. Electronic address:
Objective: Sympathetic nervous system and immune cell interactions play key roles in the regulation of metabolism. For example, recent convergent studies have shown that macrophages regulate obesity through brown adipose tissue (BAT) activation and beiging of white adipose tissue (WAT) via effects upon local catecholamine availability. However, these studies have raised issues about the underlying mechanisms involved including questions regarding the production of catecholamines by macrophages, the role of macrophage polarization state and the underlying intracellular signaling pathways in macrophages that might mediate these effects. Read More
Neuroimage Clin 2018 Dec 10:101640. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, Touro College and University System, New York, NY, USA; Department of Psychology, Touro College and University System, New York, NY, USA.
Obesity is associated with reduced cortical thickness and brain volume, which may be related to poor nutrition. Given that brain atrophy in anorexia nervosa recovers with nutritional improvements and weight gain, it is worth examining how brain structure changes at the other end of the weight spectrum with weight loss. Thus, this study aimed to examine change in cortical thickness and brain volume in 47 patients with severe obesity who participated in no treatment, behavioral weight loss, or bariatric surgery. Read More
EBioMedicine 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Department of Internal Medicine- Molecular Medicine, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has become a global epidemic. Although several drugs are available to manage T2D, problems associated with person-to-person variability in drug efficacy and potential side-effects remain unresolved. Owing to the emerging role of the gut microbiome in obesity and T2D, the interaction between gut microbes and anti-diabetic drugs and its influence on drugs' functions remains of immediate research interest. Read More
J Visc Surg 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Department of Minimally Invasive Digestive Surgery, Antoine Béclère Hospital, 157, rue de la Porte-de-Trivaux, 92141 Clamart, France. Electronic address:
Hypokalemia is a common complication of repeated vomiting or prolonged gastric suction. In the case we observed, a patient presented with chronic hypokalemia due to gastric dilatation and the development of a superior mesenteric artery syndrome several years after gastric banding. This paper presents pre-operative and post-operative illustrations of a rare but potentially serious entity. Read More
Environ Int 2018 Dec 12;123:292-300. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Environmental Science and Engineering, Gillings School of Global Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA; Curriculum in Toxicology, School of Medicine, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, USA. Electronic address:
Background: Exposure to inorganic arsenic (iAs) via drinking water is a serious global health threat. Various factors influence susceptibility to iAs-associated health outcomes, including differences in iAs metabolism. Previous studies have shown that obesity is associated with iAs metabolism. Read More
Addict Behav 2018 Dec 7;90:421-427. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Research Institute on Addictions, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, Buffalo, NY, United States. Electronic address:
Associations between anxiety, depression and adolescent Internet addiction have been well documented in the literature; however, few published studies have examined these relationships considering the developmental trajectory courses of adolescent Internet addiction as well as the individual differences over time. Using a sample of 1545 Chinese adolescents and 3 waves of data over six months, we examined the longitudinal associations between anxiety and depression and Internet addiction, considering sex and obesity. We used latent growth curve modeling (LGCM) to examine the overall conditions of Internet addiction, and latent class growth modeling (LCGM) to determine adolescent developmental membership for Internet addiction. Read More
J Nutr Biochem 2018 Nov 10;64:206-217. Epub 2018 Nov 10.
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Shaanxi, 712100, China. Electronic address:
Normally, the gut microbiota has a mutually beneficial association with host health and maintains its commensal status in mammals. Conversely, it can also negatively influence host physiology under some certain circumstances, including obesity and other disease states. Although numerous gut microbial functions directly affect the gastrointestinal tract, in this paper, we focus on the influences of the gut microbiota on host adipose tissue and energy metabolism, particularly lipometabolism. Read More
Physiol Behav 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt. Electronic address:
Ethanolic extract of leaves of Morus alba L. (M. alba), known as white mulberry, was orally administered (100 mg/kg b. Read More
Immunology 2018 Dec 15. Epub 2018 Dec 15.
William Harvey Research Institute, Barts and the London, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK.
Healthy white adipose tissue (WAT) participates in regulating systemic metabolism, whilst dysfunctional WAT plays a prominent role in the development of obesity-associated comorbidities. Tissue resident immune cells are important for maintaining WAT homeostasis, including conventional dendritic cells (cDCs) which are critical in the initiation and regulation of adaptive immune responses. Due to phenotypic overlap with other myeloid cells, the distinct contribution of WAT cDCs has been poorly understood. Read More
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Internal Medicine, International St. Mary's Hospital, Catholic Kwandong University, Republic of Korea.
Background: It is unclear whether obesity increases the incidence of acute pancreatitis (AP) in the general population. Further, no study has prospectively examined the associations of the risk of AP by etiology with measured body mass index (BMI) values.
Methods: 512,928 Korean participants in routine health examinations during 2002-2003 were followed up until 2013 via linkage to national hospital discharge records to assess AP incidence. Read More
Matern Child Health J 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, 622 West 168th Street, PH5-505, New York, NY, 10032, USA.
Objectives This study examined the prevalence and temporal trends in (a) pulmonary hypertension (PH) during pregnancy and (b) mortality and morbidity during pregnancy with and without PH. Methods This was a retrospective observational study of the 2003-2014 New York State Inpatient Database. PH was categorized as primary or secondary and pregnancy as loss or termination of pregnancy, preterm birth, or term birth. Read More
Obes Surg 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Sunderland Royal Hospital, Sunderland, UK.
We aim to investigate any advantages of primary banded sleeve gastrectomy (BSG) over laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (LSG). A literature search was performed according to the PRISMA guidelines. There were 236 patients with the mean age of 45. Read More
J Physiol Pharmacol 2018 Aug 9;69(4). Epub 2018 Dec 9.
Department of Physiology, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland.
Chronic inflammation is a critical feature of obesity in the development of myocardial dysfunction. The observations that interleukin-6 (IL-6) is implicated in lipid and glucose homeostasis as well as its connection with the pathogenesis of insulin resistance might suggest the involvement of this cytokine in metabolic disorders of the failing heart. In the present study we aimed to assess the effects of IL-6 ablation in mice fed with normal and high fat diet on the myocardial expression of glucose and fatty acid transporting proteins, and to evaluate the paralleled alterations in lipid content. Read More
J Lipid Res 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Nanjing Agricultural University, China
In obesity and diabetes, intramuscular fat (IMF) content correlates markedly with insulin sensitivity, which makes IMF manipulation an area of therapeutic interest. Melatonin, an important circadian rhythm-regulating hormone, reportedly regulates fat deposition, but its effects on different types of adipose vary. Little is known about the role of melatonin in IMF deposition. Read More
BMJ Open 2018 Dec 14;8(12):e022195. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Nutrition, Dietetics and Food, Monash University, Notting Hill, Victoria, Australia.
Introduction: Hyperlipidaemia, hyperglycaemia and chronic inflammation are risk factors for chronic diseases cardiovascular disease and type 2 diabetes. Polyphenols are bioactive compounds found in marine algae with potential antihyperlipidaemic, antihyperglycaemic and anti-inflammatory effects. The modulation of these risk factors using bioactive polyphenols may represent a useful strategy for disease prevention and management; research in humans, however, remains limited. Read More
BMJ Open 2018 Dec 14;8(12):e021051. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
School of Sport, Exercise and Rehabilitation Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Introduction: Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is the most common chronic illness among older adults. Up to the submission date of this protocol, there are no published UK studies reporting the efficacy of a combined intervention programme of physical activity and dietary restriction on the musculoskeletal function of obese older adults with knee OA in spite of the clinical recommendation for exercise and diet for people with knee OA. The aim of this study is to assess the feasibility and acceptability of a combined dietary restriction and physical activity intervention programme and collect preliminary data. Read More
J Immunol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Anesthesiology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO 80045;
Aging of established antiviral T cell memory can foster a series of progressive adaptations that paradoxically improve rather than compromise protective CD8 T cell immunity. We now provide evidence that this gradual evolution, the pace of which is contingent on the precise context of the primary response, also impinges on the molecular mechanisms that regulate CD8 memory T cell (T) homeostasis. Over time, CD8 T generated in the wake of an acute infection with the natural murine pathogen lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus become more resistant to apoptosis and acquire enhanced cytokine responsiveness without adjusting their homeostatic proliferation rates; concurrent metabolic adaptations promote increased CD8 T quiescence and fitness but also impart the reacquisition of a partial effector-like metabolic profile; and a gradual redistribution of aging CD8 T from blood and nonlymphoid tissues to lymphatic organs results in CD8 T accumulations in bone marrow, splenic white pulp, and, particularly, lymph nodes. Read More
Diabetes Care 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Aragón (IIS Aragón), Universidad de Zaragoza, Zaragoza, Spain.
Objective: Diabetes prevalence and incidence increase among individuals with hypothyroidism but also among those with hyperthyroxinemia, which seems contradictory. Both high free thyroxine (fT4) and high thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) are present in the resistance to thyroid hormone syndrome. A mild acquired resistance to thyroid hormone might occur in the general population and be associated with diabetes. Read More
Diabetes Care 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Department of Radiology, Karolinska University Hospital, and Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
Objective: To assess the prevalence of cerebral small-vessel disease (SVD) in subjects with type 1 diabetes compared with healthy control subjects and to characterize the diabetes-related factors associated with SVD.
Research Design And Methods: This substudy was cross-sectional in design and included 191 participants with type 1 diabetes and median age 40.0 years (interquartile range 33. Read More
Diabetes 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Sanofi Research and Development, Industriepark Hoechst, H823, D-64926 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
Antisense oligonucleotide knockdown (ASO-KD) of nicotinamide N-methyltransferase (NNMT) in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed mice has been reported to reduce weight gain, plasma insulin and improve glucose tolerance. Using NNMT-ASO-KD or NNMT knockout mice (NNMT), we tested the hypothesis that deletion protects against diet-induced obesity and its metabolic consequences in males and females on obesity-inducing diets. We also examined samples from a human weight reduction (WR) study for adipose (a) expression and plasma 1-methylnicotinamide (MNAM) levels. Read More
Diabetes 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Institute of Cellular Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Medical Sciences, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, U.K.
J Acad Nutr Diet 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Can J Diabetes 2018 Oct 9. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Chronic Disease Program, Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. Electronic address:
Objectives: Obesity and type 2 diabetes often coexist. The effect of hyperglycemia on adipose tissue is, therefore, of interest. Although studies have shown that high glucose (HG) concentrations do not inhibit adipocyte differentiation, the resulting adipocyte phenotype has not been investigated. Read More
Can J Diabetes 2018 Oct 9. Epub 2018 Oct 9.
Indigenous and Global Health Research Group, Department of Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. Electronic address:
Objectives: The Canadian Diabetes Risk Assessment Questionnaire (CANRISK) is a validated, evidence-based, self-administered tool to assess the risk for type 2 diabetes mellitus in multiethnic Canadian adults. Identifying individuals at high risk for type 2 diabetes allows early intervention that improves modifiable risk factors. This study examined the risk factors for type 2 diabetes in multiethnic urban youth in Edmonton, Alberta. Read More
Clin Nutr 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.
Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran; Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular -Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:
Background: Observational studies that investigated the association between adherence to low carbohydrate diet and odds of glioma are sparse. This is particularly relevant in developing countries where dietary carbohydrate intake is very high.
Objective: This study was, therefore, conducted to investigate the association between adherence to low carbohydrate dietary pattern and odds of glioma among Iranian adults. Read More
Best Pract Res Clin Gastroenterol 2018 Oct - Dec;36-37:3-8. Epub 2018 Nov 22.
Upper Gastrointestinal Surgery, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden; School of Cancer and Pharmaceutical Sciences, King's College London, United Kingdom.
The two main histological subtypes of oesophageal cancer, squamous cell carcinoma and adenocarcinoma, have distinct risk factor profiles. For oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma, tobacco smoking and excess alcohol use are the main risk factors. For adenocarcinoma, gastro-oesophageal reflux disease and obesity are main risk factors, whereas tobacco smoking is a moderately strong risk factor and infection with Helicobacter pylori decreases the risk. Read More
Int J Mol Sci 2018 Dec 13;19(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Department of Chemistry, Chung Yuan Christian University, Chung-Li 32023, Taiwan.
Leptin, a hormone secreted by peripheral adipose tissues, regulates the appetite in animals. Recently, evidence has shown that leptin also plays roles in behavioral response in addition to controlling appetite. In this study, we examined the potential function of leptin on non-appetite behaviors in zebrafish model. Read More
Children (Basel) 2018 Dec 13;5(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Pediatrics Residency Joint Programs, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, Italy.
Obesity-related non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) represents the most common cause of pediatric liver disease due to overweight/obesity large-scale epidemics. In clinical practice, diagnosis is usually based on clinical features, blood tests, and liver imaging. Here, we underline the need to make a correct differential diagnosis for a number of genetic, metabolic, gastrointestinal, nutritional, endocrine, muscular, and systemic disorders, and for iatrogenic/viral/autoimmune hepatitis as well. Read More
Nutrients 2018 Dec 13;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Fondazione Policlinico Universitario "Agostino Gemelli", Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, L.go F. Vito 8, 00168 Rome, Italy.
The present study was undertaken to provide a better insight into the relationship between different levels of body mass index (BMI) and changing risk for hypertension, using an unselected sample of participants assessed during the Longevity Check-up 7+ (Lookup7+) project. Lookup7+ is an ongoing cross-sectional survey started in June 2015 and conducted in unconventional settings (i.e. Read More
Nutrients 2018 Dec 13;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technical University of Munich, Ismaninger Str. 22, 81675 Munich, Germany.
Ageing, sarcopenia, and malnutrition are associated with quantitative and qualitative changes of body composition. There are several imaging modalities, including magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), for the assessment of trunk muscle tissue composition. In this study, we investigated the gender- and age-related changes in trunk muscle composition using chemical shift encoding-based water⁻fat MRI. Read More
Nutrients 2018 Dec 13;10(12). Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Dipartimento di Medicina Clinica e Chirurgia, Unit of Endocrinology, Federico II University Medical School of Naples, Via Sergio Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy.
There is a mechanistic link between the gut-derived metabolite trimethylamine-N-oxide (TMAO) and obesity-related diseases, suggesting that the TMAO pathway may also be linked to the pathogenesis of obesity. The Visceral Adiposity Index (VAI), a gender-specific indicator of adipose dysfunction, and the Fatty Liver Index (FLI), a predictor of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), are early predictors of metabolic syndrome (MetS). In this cross-sectional observational study, we investigated TMAO levels in adults stratified according to Body Mass Index (BMI) and the association of TMAO with VAI and FLI. Read More
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 1;109:2472-2481. Epub 2018 Dec 1.
Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Program, Institute of Biomedical Science, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile.
Background: White adipose tissue (WAT) have a relevant metabolic and inflammatory function, in overweight or obesity conditions. In this regard, the WAT under over feeding nutrition present a significant increment in oxidative stress, pro-inflammatory status and depletion of n-3 long chain polyunsaturated fatty acid. Hydroxytyrosol (HT) is a polyphenol with important cytoprotective effects, and this molecule can modulate the gene expression, transcription factors and enzymatic activity. Read More
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 28;109:2237-2251. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Department of Biochemistry, BMS block-II, Sector 25, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India. Electronic address:
Resveratrol, a phytoalexin with a wide range of pharmacological properties is synthesised by plants in response to stress, injury, infection or UV radiations. As it is a secondary metabolite with many health promoting properties, various methods employing microorganisms and genetic manipulation of different synthetic enzymes, have been comprehensively studied to increase its production. Its rapid metabolism and low bioavailability have been addressed by the use of bio enhancers and nano-formulations. Read More
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 26;109:1860-1866. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Natural Products Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, Ceará, Brazil. Electronic address:
Previous studies have reported the anti-obesity effects of α, β-Amyrin in high fat-fed mice. This study aimed to evaluate whether α, β-Amyrin has an anti-adipogenic effect in 3T3-L1 murine adipocytes and to explore the possible underlying mechanisms. 3T3-L1 pre-adipocytes were differentiated in a medium containing insulin, dexamethasone, and 1-methyl-3-isobutylxanthine. Read More
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 26;109:1785-1792. Epub 2018 Nov 26.
Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, School of Pharmacy, International Medical University (IMU), Bukit Jalil, Kuala Lumpur, 57000, Malaysia.
In the recent years, much attention has been focused on identifying bioactive compounds from medicinal plants that could be employed in therapeutics, which is attributed to their potent pharmacological actions and better toxicological profile. One such example that has come into the light with considerable interest is the pentacyclic triterpenoid, celastrol, which has been found to provide substantial therapeutic properties in a variety of diseases. In an effort to further accelerate its potential to be utilized in clinical practice in the future; along with advancing technologies in the field of drug discovery and development, different researchers have been investigating on the various mechanisms and immunological targets of celastrol that underlie its broad spectrum of pharmacological properties. Read More
Biomed Pharmacother 2019 Jan 14;109:1547-1555. Epub 2018 Nov 14.
Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
High-fat diet (HFD)-induced obesity is a worldwide health problem and can cause lipid accumulation in the liver. We evaluated the hepatoprotective effect of mate tea treatment in mice submitted to an HFD. C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFD for 13 weeks with and without mate tea. Read More
J Gastroenterol Hepatol 2018 Dec 14. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Gastroenterology and Hepatology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Background: The recommendation in regards to screening for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) among type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) patients differs in major guidelines.
Aim: To study the prevalence of NALFD and advanced fibrosis among T2DM patients.
Methods: Cross-sectional study of consecutive adult T2DM patients attending the Diabetes Clinic of a university hospital. Read More