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Nutr Hosp 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Surgery. Faculty of Medical Sciences. Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP).

Case Report: we present the case of a 44-year-old male who presented with uncontrollable diarrhea, severe protein-calorie malnutrition and multiple vitamin deficiencies, along with peripheral neuropathy ten years after classic biliopancreatic diversion (BPD). He underwent nutritional support and had the surgery converted to a Roux-en-Y gastric bypass, with an uneventful outcome. The histopathology of the resected bowel revealed lipofuscinosis of the muscular layer compatible with brown bowel syndrome. Read More

Complement Ther Med 2019 Apr 28;43:253-260. Epub 2019 Feb 28.

Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Electronic address:

Background: Diabetic Sensorimotor Polyneuropathy (DSPN) is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. Curcumin is the most important ingredient found in turmeric which has a very high potential for eliminating free radicals and inhibiting oxidative stress as an antioxidant agent. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of Nano-curcumin supplementation on the severity of sensorimotor polyneuropathy in patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Read More

Behav Brain Res 2019 Jul 27;367:201-209. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Neuroscience, Pharmacology and Environment Unit (ENPE), faculty of Sciences Semlalia, Cadi Ayyad University, Marrakech, Morocco. Electronic address:

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE) is a complex neuropsychiatric syndrome resulting from acute or chronic hepatic impairments. The clinical features of HE include attention as well as a mild cognitive deficits associated with impaired attentional and executive networks in patients as well as in animal models of HE. The underlining pathomechanism of memory impairment in HE patients is still not fully understood; however, it may involve a possible gliopathy as well as neuropathy. Read More

Eur J Pharmacol 2019 Jun 12;852:159-166. Epub 2019 Mar 12.

Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmacology, Discipline of Pharmaceutical, School of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville Campus, Private Bag X5400, Durban 3629, South Africa. Electronic address:

Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs) form the backbone in combination antiretroviral therapy (cARVs). They halt chain elongation of the viral cDNA by acting as false substrates in counterfeit incorporation mechanism to viral RNA-dependent DNA polymerase. In the process genomic DNA polymerase as well as mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase-γ (which has a much higher affinity for these drugs at therapeutic doses) are also impaired. Read More

Anticancer Res 2019 Mar;39(3):1347-1353

Department of Surgery, Kyoto Chubu Medical Center, Kyoto, Japan.

Background/aim: Chemotherapy dose adjustments in colorectal cancer are usually based on body surface area (BSA). The goal of this study was to investigate patients with nutritional disorder who developed early peripheral neuropathy due to inappropriate dose adjustment of oxaliplatin.

Patients And Methods: The study subjects were 88 patients with advanced or recurrent colorectal cancer who underwent chemotherapy with oxaliplatin. Read More

Crit Rev Biotechnol 2019 Jun 27;39(4):524-540. Epub 2019 Feb 27.

a Department of Food Science and Nutrition, National Engineering Laboratory of Intelligent Food Technology and Equipment, Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou , PR China.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) increases the risk of cardiovascular diseases and other secondary complications, such as nephropathy, neuropathy, retinopathy, etc. The important risk factors for the pathogenesis of DM are aging, family history, sedentary lifestyle, unhealthy dietary habits, and obesity. Evidence from epidemiological studies also indicates that DM is characterized by specific alterations in the human gut microbiota (GM). Read More

Curr Treat Options Neurol 2019 Feb 7;21(1). Epub 2019 Feb 7.

Department of Neurology, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK.

Purpose Of Review: Nutritional optic neuropathy is a potential cause of severe visual loss; however, appropriate and timely management can result in excellent visual outcomes. The purpose of this review is to outline our current understanding of the treatment and outcomes for nutritional optic neuropathy.

Recent Findings: Current understanding of nutritional optic neuropathy has been greatly aided by some well-reported and investigated epidemics of the condition, most notably the Cuban epidemic optic neuropathy of the early 1990s. Read More

J Nutr Metab 2018 27;2018:4183407. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

St. Joseph Hospital, Department of Surgery, 875 N. Dearborn St. #400, Chicago, IL 60610, USA.

Oxidative damage is the causal link to a multitude of pathologies, such as diabetes, arthritis, neuropathy, heart disease, and asthma. These conditions affect hundreds of millions of people nationwide, and billions worldwide. Even in otherwise healthy individuals, oxidative stress is a natural byproduct of metabolism that is augmented in "healthy" activities such as athletics. Read More

Front Nutr 2018 8;5:139. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Division of Clinical Oncology, Shizuoka Cancer Center Hospital, Shizuoka, Japan.

The occurrence of peroneal neuropathy was reported to be higher in cancer patients than in non-cancer patients. Cancer patients should have their nutritional intake carefully managed in order to minimize weight loss and avoid the occurrence of peroneal neuropathy. However, the effect of nutrition support on the prevention of peroneal neuropathy is not understood. Read More

Diabetes Metab Syndr 2019 Jan - Feb;13(1):890-893. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Diabetes Research Center, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran. Electronic address:

Objective: Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of diabetes mellitus. This study was set to assess the effect of vitamin D supplementation on peripheral neuropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes (T2DM).

Materials And Methods: This study was a quasi-experimental trial in Yazd diabetic research center. Read More

J Clin Neurol 2019 Jan;15(1):108-115

Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Background And Purpose: Tafamidis functions to delay the loss of function in transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP), which is a rare inherited amyloidosis with progressive sensorimotor and autonomic polyneuropathy. This systematic literature review and meta-analysis evaluated the efficacy and safety of tafamidis in TTR-FAP patients, with the aim of improving the evidence-based medical evidence of this treatment option for TTP-FAP.

Methods: A systematic search of the English-language literature in five databases was performed through to May 31, 2018 by two reviewers who independently extracted data and assessed the risk of bias. Read More

Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci 2018 Dec;59(15):6045-6056

Department of Neuroscience, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, University of Verona, Verona, Italy.

Purpose: The purpose of the research was to elucidate the role of folic acid (B9) deficiency in the development of nutritional optic neuritis and to characterize the neurophysiological consequences of optic nerve degeneration in the cortical visual system.

Methods: A combined behavioral and electrophysiological approach was applied to study luminance contrast sensitivity in two macaque monkeys affected by nutritional optic neuritis and in two healthy monkeys for comparison. For one monkey, a follow-up approach was applied to compare visual performance before onset of optic neuropathy, during the disease, and after treatment. Read More

J Peripher Nerv Syst 2019 Mar 8;24(1):5-18. Epub 2019 Jan 8.

Hematology and Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Padova, Italy.

The peripheral nervous system may be involved at any stage in the course of lymphoproliferative diseases. The different underlying mechanisms include neurotoxicity secondary to chemotherapy, direct nerve infiltration (neurolymphomatosis), infections, immune-mediated, paraneoplastic or metabolic processes and nutritional deficiencies. Accordingly, the clinical features are heterogeneous and depend on the localization of the damage (ganglia, roots, plexi, and peripheral nerves) and on the involved structures (myelin, axon, and cell body). Read More

Mol Metab 2019 Feb 28;20:149-165. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Division of Neurodegenerative Disorders, St Boniface Hospital Albrechtsen Research Centre, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective: Diabetic sensorimotor polyneuropathy (DSPN) affects approximately half of diabetic patients leading to significant morbidity. There is impaired neurotrophic growth factor signaling, AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) activity and mitochondrial function in dorsal root ganglia (DRG) of animal models of type 1 and type 2 diabetes. We hypothesized that sub-optimal insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF-1) signaling in diabetes drives loss of AMPK activity and mitochondrial function, both contributing to development of DSPN. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2019 Mar;14(3):391-394

Visual Neurophysiology and Neurophthalmology Research Unit, IRCCS G.B. Bietti Foundation, Roma, Italy.

The pathogenesis of glaucoma is still not fully clarified but a growing body of evidence suggests that neuroinflammation and immune response are part of the sequence of pathological events leading to the optic neuropathy. Indeed, inflammation - involving the activation and proliferation of resident glial cells (astrocytes, Muller cells and microglia) and the release of a plethora of anti- and pro-inflammatory cytokines, chemokines and reactive oxygen species - has been reported as common features in clinical and experimental glaucoma. In the insulted retina, as for other neuronal tissues, pathogenic and reparative aspects coexist in the inflammatory process, with extent and persistency affecting the final outcome. Read More

Bioessays 2019 01 11;41(1):e1800075. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Hunter James Kelly Research Institute, Jacobs School of Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, 14203, USA.

The Liver kinase B1 with its downstream target AMP activated protein kinase (LKB1-AMPK), and the key nutrient sensor mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1) form two signaling systems that coordinate metabolic and cellular activity with changes in the environment in order to preserve homeostasis. For example, nutritional fluctuations rapidly feed back on these signaling systems and thereby affect cell-specific functions. Recent studies have started to reveal important roles of these strategic metabolic regulators in Schwann cells for the trophic support and myelination of axons. Read More

Obes Surg 2019 Mar;29(3):953-957

Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências da Saúde: Ginecologia e Obstetrícia, UFRGS, Porto Alegre, Brazil.

Background: Obesity and its complications are prevalent in women and increase with age. Polyneuropathy (PNP) is a complication of obesity and bariatric surgery (BS). In subjects with severe (grades II and III) obesity and without DM who are candidates for BS, the prevalence of PNP and associated conditions are not well characterized. Read More

Expert Rev Clin Pharmacol 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

a Department of Neurology and Psychiatry , Assiut University Hospital , Assiut , Egypt.

Introduction: Uremic syndrome of chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a term used to describe clinical, metabolic and hormonal abnormalities associated with progressive kidney failure. It is a rapidly growing public health problem worldwide. Nervous system complications occur in every patient with uremic syndrome of CKD. Read More

PLoS Med 2018 11 20;15(11):e1002700. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Public Health Policy Evaluation Unit, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.

Background: Type 2 diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease and have become leading causes of morbidity and mortality among Palestinian refugees in the Middle East, many of whom live in long-term settlements and receive grain-based food aid. The objective of this study was to estimate changes in type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality attributable to a transition from traditional food aid to either (i) a debit card restricted to food purchases, (ii) cash, or (iii) an alternative food parcel with less grain and more fruits and vegetables, each valued at $30/person/month.

Methods And Findings: An individual-level microsimulation was created to estimate relationships between food aid delivery method, food consumption, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease morbidity and mortality using demographic data from the United Nations (UN; 2017) on 5,340,443 registered Palestinian refugees in Syria, Jordan, Lebanon, Gaza, and the West Bank, food consumption data (2011-2017) from households receiving traditional food parcel delivery of food aid (n = 1,507 households) and electronic debit card delivery of food aid (n = 1,047 households), and health data from a random 10% sample of refugees receiving medical care through the UN (2012-2015; n = 516,386). Read More

Clin Liver Dis 2019 02;23(1):141-155

Department of Neurology, Parkinson's Disease Center and Movement Disorders Clinic, Baylor College of Medicine, 7200 Cambridge Street, 9th Floor, MS:BCM609, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Electronic address:

Chronic alcohol use induces silent changes in the structure and function of the central and peripheral nervous systems that eventually result in irreversible, debilitating repercussions. Once identified, nutritional supplementation and cessation measures are critical in preventing further neurologic damage. The proposed mechanisms of neuronal injury in chronic alcohol abuse include direct toxic effects of alcohol and indirect effects, including those resulting from hepatic dysfunction, nutritional deficiencies, and neuroinflammation. Read More

Clin Nutr Res 2018 Oct 23;7(4):229-240. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 01797, Korea.

Blood glucose homeostasis is well maintained by coordinated control of various hormones including insulin and glucagon as well as cytokines under normal conditions. However, chronic exposure to diabetic environment with high fat/high sugar diets and physical/mental stress can cause hyperglycemia, one of main characteristics of insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome, and diabetes. Hyperglycemia impairs organogenesis and induces organ abnormalities such as cardiac defect . Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Oct 29;8(1):15970. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Jordi Gol University Institute for Research Primary Healthcare (IDIAP Jordi Gol), Barcelona, 08007, Catalonia, Spain.

Multimorbidity is an emerging topic in public health policy because of its increasing prevalence and socio-economic impact. However, the age- and gender-dependent trends of disease associations at fine resolution, and the underlying genetic factors, remain incompletely understood. Here, by analyzing disease networks from electronic medical records of primary health care, we identify key conditions and shared genetic factors influencing multimorbidity. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Mar;68(3):422-427

Pulmonary Unit and the National Center for Cystic Fibrosis and Dysautonomia Center.

Objectives: Familial dysautonomia (FD) is a rare hereditary sensory and autonomic neuropathy characterized by chronic lung disease and cyclic vomiting due to hyper-adrenergic crises. Most FD patients are in a depleted nutritional state; however, the phenotype of the disease is quite different between patients, as for the severity of lung disease and the intensity and frequency of these pathognomonic crises. In this study we wanted to investigate whether resting energy expenditure (REE) levels are increased in this population, and if correlations exist between REE levels and phenotype severity. Read More

Integr Cancer Ther 2018 12 8;17(4):1115-1124. Epub 2018 Oct 8.

1 Center for Tumor-Related Epilepsy, UOSD Neurology, IRCCS Regina Elena National Cancer Institute, Rome, Italy.

Background And Aims: Peripheral neuropathy is a common complication of chemotherapy that can induce marked disability that negatively affects the quality of life in patients with multiple myeloma (MM). The aim of this study was to prevent the onset or the worsening of peripheral neuropathy in MM patients treated with bortezomib (BTZ), using a new nutritional neuroprotective compound. We report preliminary results of 18 out of 33 patients who completed the study. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Oct 5;18(1):958. Epub 2018 Oct 5.

Hematology and Oncology Research Center, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Ghazi Hospital, Tabriz, Iran.

Background: Paclitaxel induced peripheral neuropathy (PIPN) is a major debilitating side effect of paclitaxel in patients with breast cancer with no fully known mechanisms. The aim of the study was to find out the possible risk factors for PIPN.

Methods: Eligible patients with node positive breast cancer undergoing chemotherapy with paclitaxel were assessed. Read More

Support Care Cancer 2018 Oct 4. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

Department of Sports Medicine, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Ginnheimer Landstr. 39, D-60487, Frankfurt/Main, Germany.

Purpose: Although growing evidence underlines the benefits of physical activity as supportive intervention for cancer patients, sparse data are available for exercise in patients with advanced disease stages, in particular for gastrointestinal cancer (GIC) patients who experience specific disease-associated limitations. Thus, the aim of this study is to evaluate the effects of home-based moderate intensity exercise on functional capacity, activities of daily living (ADL) and body composition in patients with advanced GIC during first-line chemotherapy.

Methods: Participants (GIC, UICC III-IV; n = 44) were randomly assigned to home-based physical activity programme of 150 min moderate walking per week or a control group (CG). Read More

Adv Ther 2018 Oct 1;35(10):1510-1518. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

2nd Department of Ophthalmology, Attikon Hospital, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Introduction: The purpose of this review is to present the current and emerging treatment alternatives for Leber's hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), emphasizing the most recent use of idebenone and stem cells or gene therapy.

Methods: A comprehensive literature review was performed at the PubMed database regarding the various treatment modalities for LHON.

Results: Treatment modalities for LHON include nutritional supplements, activators of mitochondrial biogenesis, brimonidine, and symptomatic and supportive treatment, but nowadays attention is being paid to idebenone and gene therapy or stem cells. Read More

Adv Nutr 2018 07;9(4):511S-518S

Department of Nutritional Sciences, School of Environmental and Biological Sciences, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ.

There is clear evidence that proton-pump inhibitors (PPIs), H2-receptor antagonists (H2RAs), and metformin can reduce serum vitamin B-12 concentrations by inhibiting the absorption of the vitamin. However, it is unclear if the effects of these drugs on serum vitamin B-12 are associated with increased risk of biochemical or functional deficiency (as is indicated by elevated blood concentrations of homocysteine and methylmalonic acid) or clinical deficiency (including megaloblastic anemia and neurologic disorders such as peripheral neuropathy and cognitive dysfunction). This review provides an overview of vitamin B-12 absorption and biochemistry and the mechanisms by which PPIs, H2RAs, and metformin affect these functions. Read More

N Engl J Med 2018 07;379(1):11-21

From Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), National Reference Center for Familial Amyloidotic Polyneuropathy, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire (CHU) Bicêtre, INSERM Unité 1195, Université Paris-Sud, Le Kremlin-Bicêtre (D.A.), the Department of Neuromuscular Disorders and ALS, Hôpital de la Timone, Marseille (S.A.), and the Department of Neurology, Amyloid Network, CHU Henri Mondor-APHP, Créteil (V.P.-B.) - all in France; the National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition-Salvador Zubiran, Mexico City (A.G.-D.); the Department of Clinical Research, eStudySite, San Diego, CA (W.D.O.); the Department of Neurology, National Taiwan University Hospital (C.-C.Y.), and the Department of Neurology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital (K.-P.L.), Taipei, Taiwan; Kumamoto University Hospital, Kumamoto (M.U.), and the Department of Medicine (Neurology and Rheumatology), Shinshu University School of Medicine, Matsumoto (Y.S.) - both in Japan; the Department of Cardiology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg (A.V.K.), and Medizinische Klinik B für Gastroenterologie und Hepatologie, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Münster (H.H.S.) - both in Germany; University Multiprofile Hospital for Active Treatment, Sofia, Bulgaria (I.T.); Hospital de Santo António, Centro Hospitalar do Porto, Porto, Portugal (T.C.); the Amyloidosis Center, Department of Medicine, Boston Medical Center (J.L.B.), and Harvard Medical School (S.D.S.), Boston; the Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University Hospital of Messina, Messina, Italy (G.V.); the Departments of Neurology and Medicine, Vancouver General Hospital, Vancouver, BC, Canada (M.M.M.); the Department of Nephrology, Hospital Clinic, Barcelona (J.M.C.), and the Balearic Islands Health Research Institute and Hospital Son Llatzer, Palma de Mallorca (J.B.) - all in Spain; the Department of Neurology, Columbia University, College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York (T.H.B.); Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine (B.J.K.), and the the Department of Neurology, Konkuk University Medical Center (J.O.), Seoul, South Korea; the Department of Neurology, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey (Y.P.); the Division of Medicine, University College London, London (P.N.H.); Johns Hopkins Bayview Medical Center, Baltimore (M.P.); the Department of Neurology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN (P.J.D.); Alnylam Pharmaceuticals, Cambridge, MA (P.J.G., S.G., J.C., A.L.S., S.V.N., M.T.S., P.P.G., A.K.V., J.A.G.); and the Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden (O.B.S.).

Background: Patisiran, an investigational RNA interference therapeutic agent, specifically inhibits hepatic synthesis of transthyretin.

Methods: In this phase 3 trial, we randomly assigned patients with hereditary transthyretin amyloidosis with polyneuropathy, in a 2:1 ratio, to receive intravenous patisiran (0.3 mg per kilogram of body weight) or placebo once every 3 weeks. Read More

Clin Calcium 2018;28(7):957-961

Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Aichi, Japan.

Nutritional guidance and exercise should be beneficial as well as pharmacotherapy in life style-related diseases including diabetes and osteoporosis. Sufficient and appropriate energy intake with protein, calcium and vitamin D is good for bone and muscles in osteoporotic patient. Diabetes patients are often recommended to reduce body weight. Read More

Paediatr Int Child Health 2018 Jun 13:1-3. Epub 2018 Jun 13.

a Pediatric Tuberculosis Clinic, B. J. Wadia Hospital for Children , Mumbai , India.

Isoniazid (INH)-induced peripheral neuritis is not uncommonly reported in adults, especially those with malnutrition and alcoholism, but it is very rare in children. INH leads to peripheral neuritis by causing a deficiency in the serum level of pyridoxine which depends on the dose of INH, duration of treatment and the patient's nutritional and acetylator status. A 12-year-old girl developed tingling and numbness of the lower limbs after commencing anti-tuberculous therapy which included INH 10 mg/kg/day. Read More

Diabetes 2018 08 6;67(8):1650-1662. Epub 2018 Jun 6.

Wolfson Centre for Age-Related Diseases, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, U.K.

The mechanisms responsible for painful and insensate diabetic neuropathy are not completely understood. Here, we have investigated sensory neuropathy in the mouse, a hereditary model of diabetes. Akita mice become diabetic soon after weaning, and we show that this is accompanied by an impaired mechanical and thermal nociception and a significant loss of intraepidermal nerve fibers. Read More

PLoS One 2018 1;13(6):e0197557. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Department of Human Health and Nutritional Sciences, University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario, Canada.

Aim: To examine tactile sensitivity in the leg and foot sole of below-knee amputees (diabetic n = 3, traumatic n = 1), and healthy control subjects (n = 4), and examine the association between sensation and balance.

Method: Vibration perception threshold (VPT; 3, 40, 250Hz) and monofilaments (MF) were used to examine vibration and light touch sensitivity on the intact limb, residual limb, and homologous locations on controls. A functional reach test was performed to assess functional balance. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2018 May 18;41(5):e181-e185. Epub 2018 May 18.

Ophthalmology Service, CHU de Rennes, 35033 Rennes cedex, France. Electronic address:

Paraneoplastic syndromes involving the visual system are a heterogeneous group of disorders occurring in the setting of systemic malignancy. They are unrelated to local tumor invasion or metastasis and unexplained by nutritional, metabolic, infectious or iatrogenic causes. The presence of antibodies may aid in the diagnosis of a paraneoplastic syndrome, although this is not an absolute requirement. Read More

MEDICC Rev 2018 Apr;20(2):27-31

Neurology and Neurosurgery Institute, Havana, Cuba.

From 1991 to 1993, an epidemic of optic and peripheral neuropathy-the largest of the century-broke out in Cuba, affecting more than 50,000 people. Initially the main clinical features were decreased visual acuity, central and cecocentral scotomas, impaired color vision and absence of the papillomacular bundle. Later, peripheral and mixed optic-peripheral forms began to appear. Read More

Diabetes Metab Res Rev 2018 09 1;34(6):e3020. Epub 2018 Jun 1.

Institute of Epidemiology and Medical Biometry, ZIBMT, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.

Aims: The diabetic foot syndrome (DFS) is a serious complication in patients with diabetes increasing the risk for minor/major amputations. This analysis aimed to examine differences in diabetes patients with or without DFS stratified by type 1 (T1D) or type 2 diabetes (T2D).

Material And Methods: Adult patients (≥20y of age) with diabetes from the German/Austrian diabetes patients follow-up registry (DPV) were included. Read More

J Peripher Nerv Syst 2018 Jun 11;23(2):129-133. Epub 2018 May 11.

Department of Neurology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota.

Peripheral neuropathy is a common side effect of many chemotherapeutic agents including paclitaxel. We prospectively evaluated demographic and laboratory data in a cohort of 61 woman with breast cancer prior to paclitaxel exposure to explore factors that predispose to neuropathy development. Neuropathy was graded based on the total neuropathy score reduced version (rTNS) at baseline and at 4 months after initiation of chemotherapy. Read More

Saudi J Kidney Dis Transpl 2018 Mar-Apr;29(2):351-360

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN, USA.

Malnutrition in dialysis population is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Nutritional assessment is a neglected area in hemodialysis (HD) patients in developing countries. The aim of the study was to find out whether any traditional parameters have statistically significant correlation with malnutrition. Read More

Neurol Ther 2018 Jun 9;7(1):87-101. Epub 2018 Apr 9.

Pfizer, New York, NY, USA.

Introduction: The effectiveness of tafamidis for the treatment of transthyretin familial amyloid polyneuropathy (TTR-FAP) was evaluated using data from the Transthyretin Amyloidosis Outcomes Survey (THAOS) registry.

Methods: Subjects receiving tafamidis (n = 252) were compared with untreated subjects in a non-randomized, matched cohort analysis. Subjects were matched with up to four untreated controls by genetic mutation, region of birth, and mean treatment propensity score. Read More

Pain Physician 2018 03;21(2):111-120

Academic Department of Neurosciences, Sheffield Teaching Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, UK.

Background: Neuropathic pain (NP) is a common symptom caused by lesions or diseases of the somatosensory nervous system. Acute/subacute peripheral neuropathies (APN) are rare, however can be particularly painful.

Objectives: The aim of this systematic review was to estimate the incidence of NP in APN and overview the various etiologies of such neuropathies. Read More

Clin Nutr 2019 Apr 15;38(2):575-583. Epub 2018 Feb 15.

Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences, Division of Human Nutrition, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.

Background & Aims: Vegetarians and vegans are more vulnerable to vitamin B deficiency with severe risks of megaloblastic anemia, cognitive decline, neuropathy, and depression. An easy and simple method of supplementation consists of taking one weekly dosage of 2000 μg. However, single large oral doses of vitamin B are poorly absorbed. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2018 05 23;32(5):938-945. Epub 2018 Feb 23.

Ophthalmology Unit, Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.

Glaucoma is an optic neuropathy, specifically a neurodegenerative disease characterized by loss of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and their axons. The pathogenesis of RGC loss in glaucoma remains incompletely understood and a broad range of possible mechanisms have been implicated. Clinical evidence indicates that lowering intraocular pressure (IOP) does not prevent progression in all patients; therefore, risk factors other than those related to IOP are involved in the disease. Read More

Med Arch 2017 Dec;71(6):380-384

Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Division of Life and Food Sciences, Graduate School of Science and Technology, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.

Introduction: The number of diabetic patients has recently been increasing worldwide, and numerous anti-diabetic drugs have been developed to induce good glycemic control. In particular, metformin, which exhibits glucose-lowering effects by suppressing gluconeogenesis in the liver, is widely used as a first line oral anti-diabetic drug for type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Material And Methods: In this study, the pharmacological effects of metformin were investigated using female and male Spontaneously Diabetic Torii (SDT) fatty rats, a new obese type 2 diabetic model. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2017 Dec;96(50):e9200

Laboratory of Pharmacology, National Institute of Pediatrics, and Faculty of Medicine, National Autonomous University of Mexico, Mexico City, Mexico.

Background: Toxic optic neuropathies are alterations of the optic nerve and can be caused by environmental, pharmacological, or nutritional agents.

Case: It is about a 7-year-old male patient, a native of the State of Mexico, Mexico who was diagnosed with cervical mycobacterial lymphadenitis that required management with linezolid.

Observations: After 7 months of treatment, visual acuity of the left eye decreased and was accompanied by headache. Read More