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Nutrients 2019 Jan 10;11(1). Epub 2019 Jan 10.

Department of Family Medicine, Hallym University Sacred Heart Hospital, Anyang, Gyeonggi-do 14068, Korea.

This study aimed to develop a multidisciplinary lifestyle intervention program targeted at children and adolescents with moderate to severe obesity, and assess the additional effects of exercise intervention when compared to usual care. Overall, the 103 enrolled participants were ≥85th percentile of age and sex-specific body mass index (BMI). Participants were divided into groups that received 16 weeks of either usual care or exercise intervention. Read More

Proc Nutr Soc 2018 Dec 3:1-8. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

UCD Institute of Food and Health, University College Dublin,Dublin,Republic of Ireland.

Older adults are at risk of protein-energy malnutrition (PEM). PEM detrimentally impacts on health, cognitive and physical functioning and quality of life. Given these negative health outcomes in the context of an ageing global population, the Healthy Diet for a Healthy Life Joint Programming Initiative Malnutrition in the Elderly (MaNuEL) sought to create a knowledge hub on malnutrition in older adults. Read More

Eur J Pediatr 2018 Nov 27. Epub 2018 Nov 27.

Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Service d'Endocrinologie Diabétologie Pédiatrique, Centre de Référence des Maladies Endocriniennes de la Croissance et du Développement, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.

Refeeding in anorexia nervosa is a collaborative enterprise involving multidisciplinary care plans, but clinicians currently lack guidance, as treatment guidelines are based largely on clinical confidence rather than more robust evidence. It seems crucial to identify reproducible approaches to refeeding that simultaneously maximize weight recovery and minimize the associated risks, in addition to improving long-term weight and cognitive and behavioral recovery and reducing relapse rates. We discuss here various approaches to refeeding, including, among others, where, by which route, how rapidly patients are best refed, and ways of choosing between them, taking into account the precautions or the potential effects of medication or of psychological care, to define better care plans for use in clinical practice. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Sep 24;8(9):e021249. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Department of Rehabilitation, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Objectives: Screening for symptoms of postintensive care syndrome is based on a long list of questionnaires, filled out by the intensive care unit (ICU) survivor and manually reviewed by the health professional. This is an inefficient and time-consuming process. The aim of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a web-based triage tool and to compare the outcomes from web-based questionnaires to those from paper-based questionnaires. Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2018 09 21;15(10). Epub 2018 Sep 21.

Sansom Institute for Health Research, School of Health Sciences, University of South Australia, Adelaide, SA 5001, Australia.

Cancer survivors are at an increased risk of experiencing physical and psychological ill-effects following cancer treatment. Rural cancer survivors are at a greater risk of future health problems following a cancer diagnosis compared to their urban counterparts. Physical activity has been targeted as a health promotion priority in cancer survivors. Read More

Palliat Med 2018 Dec 5;32(10):1624-1632. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

1 Institute of Nursing and Health Research, Ulster University, Newtownabbey, UK.

Background:: Limited evidence exists on the impact of palliative rehabilitation during systemic treatment of advanced cancer.

Aim:: To explore the experiences and perceptions of patients and healthcare professionals on the feasibility and acceptability of palliative rehabilitation during advanced lung cancer treatment.

Design:: Qualitative design using individual semi-structured interviews transcribed verbatim and analysed thematically. Read More

Clin Calcium 2018;28(9):1229-1234

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan.

Frailty and sarcopenia occur not only in whole-body but also oral and swallowing function. Presbyphagia is age-related decline of swallowing function in older adults. Oral frailty is age-related decline of oral function in older adults. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Aug;97(34):e11934

Rationale: Pathophysiologic mechanisms of the central nervous system, such as stroke, can be associated with intractable hiccups. Intractable hiccups can be associated with potentially fatal consequences, thus requiring safe management in an inpatient rehabilitation facility (IRF) setting with a multidisciplinary team approach to optimize mobility and feeding.

Patient Concerns: A 49-year-old male presented to the emergency department with complaints of vomiting and dizziness. Read More

PLoS One 2018 2;13(7):e0199977. Epub 2018 Jul 2.

Athena Institute for Research on Innovation and Communication in Health and Life Sciences, Faculty of Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.

Background: The high burden of chronic communicable diseases such as HIV/AIDS, and an escalating rise of non-communicable diseases (NCDs) in Malawi and other sub-Saharan African countries, calls for a shift in how health care services are designed and delivered. Patient-centred care and patient self-management are critical elements in chronic care, and are advocated as universal strategies. In sub-Saharan Africa, there is need for more evidence around the practice of patient self-management, and how to best support patients with chronic conditions in the African context. Read More

Nutrients 2018 Apr 9;10(4). Epub 2018 Apr 9.

Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, La Trobe University, Health Sciences 3, Kingsbury Drive, Bundoora, VIC 3086, Australia.

Substantial evidence supports the effect of the Mediterranean Diet (MD) for managing chronic diseases, although trials have been primarily conducted in Mediterranean populations. The efficacy and feasibility of the Mediterranean dietary pattern for the management of chronic diseases has not been extensively evaluated in non-Mediterranean settings. This paper aims to describe the development of a MD model that complies with principles of the traditional MD applied in a multiethnic context. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 03 22;8(3):e019814. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Department of Medicine, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada.

Objective: To systematically identify and describe self-management interventions for adult patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD).

Setting: Community-based.

Participants: Adults with CKD stages 1-5 (not requiring kidney replacement therapy). Read More

J Diabetes Investig 2019 Jan 30;10(1):104-107. Epub 2018 Mar 30.

Division of Diabetes, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Kawasaki Medical School, Okayama, Japan.

We retrospectively evaluated the effects of mild physical exercise (P) in a routine clinical setting on glycemic and bodyweight control in Japanese type 2 diabetes patients with and without individualized nutritional therapy (D). We analyzed 49 patients who participated in P that measured 2.5 metabolic equivalents and was held once every 2 weeks, compared with 83 non-participant controls, followed over a period of approximately 1. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2018 02 6;23:122-128. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

Department of Food Sciences and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agriculture, Ryukoku University, 1-5 Yokotani Seta-Oe cho, Otsu, Shiga 520-2194, Japan.

Background & Aims: The visual estimation method is commonly used in hospitals and other care facilities to evaluate food intake through estimation of plate waste. In Japan, no previous studies have investigated the validity and reliability of this method under the routine conditions of a hospital setting. The present study aimed to evaluate the validity and reliability of the visual estimation method, in long-term inpatients with different levels of eating disability caused by Alzheimer's disease. Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2018 05 8;99(5):934-944. Epub 2018 Feb 8.

International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative, Brisbane, QLD, Australia; New York-Presbyterian Brooklyn Methodist Hospital, Brooklyn, NY; New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY.

Objective: To assess consensual validity, interrater reliability, and criterion validity of the International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Functional Diet Scale, a new functional outcome scale intended to capture the severity of oropharyngeal dysphagia, as represented by the degree of diet texture restriction recommended for the patient.

Design: Participants assigned International Dysphagia Diet Standardisation Initiative Functional Diet Scale scores to 16 clinical cases. Consensual validity was measured against reference scores determined by an author reference panel. Read More

Metab Syndr Relat Disord 2018 03 23;16(2):110-116. Epub 2018 Jan 23.

1 Department of Rehabilitation, Nutrition and Sport, School of Allied Health, Physiotherapy, La Trobe University , Melbourne, Australia .

Background: One quarter of the world's adults have metabolic syndrome. Lifestyle modification is the first line of intervention as improvements in diet and exercise can have positive effects on the individual components of metabolic syndrome. The primary aim of this research was to evaluate the effect of an 8-week lifestyle intervention program for people with metabolic syndrome on emergency department presentations, hospital admissions, and metabolic parameters. Read More

Brain Inj 2018 23;32(4):416-422. Epub 2018 Jan 23.

b Brain and Spinal Cord Rehabilitation , Toronto Rehabilitation Institute-University Health Network , Toronto , Canada.

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. The ketogenic diet (KD) has been identified as a potential therapy to enhance recovery after TBI. The purpose of this study is to complete a scoping review and synthesize the evidence regarding the KD and its therapeutic effects in TBI. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2018 Jan - Feb;38:99-105. Epub 2017 Dec 6.

University of Lausanne Institute of Higher Education and Research in Healthcare, Lausanne, Switzerland; Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois (CHUV) Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism Service, Lausanne, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Purpose: We aimed to evaluate patient self-management activities, patient perceptions of the therapeutic relationship and satisfaction with nurse-led consultations as part of a structured, pilot program transitioning young adults with type 1 diabetes (T1DM) to adult-oriented community-based practices.

Design And Methods: A descriptive, cross-sectional study of patients receiving nurse-led consultations. Patients provided sociodemographic/health information, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) measures and completed questionnaires assessing self-management (Revised Self-Care Inventory) and the therapeutic relationship (Caring Nurse-Patient Interaction - short scale). Read More

Congenit Heart Dis 2018 Mar 18;13(2):327-333. Epub 2018 Jan 18.

Lillie Frank Abercrombie Section of Cardiology Department of Pediatrics, Baylor College of Medicine and Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, Texas.

Objective: Studies have shown improvement in lipid levels after institution of lifestyle changes in children enrolled in closely monitored programs. There programs are difficult to mimic in real world clinics. We aim to determine if diet and exercise result in improvement in lipid levels in patients seen in a designated lipid clinic in a real life setting. Read More

BMC Geriatr 2018 01 5;18(1). Epub 2018 Jan 5.

School of Physiotherapy and Exercise Science, Curtin University, GPO Box U1987, Perth, WA, 6845, Australia.

Background: There is strong research evidence for falls prevention among older people in the community setting, although most is from Western countries. Differences between countries (eg sunlight exposure, diet, environment, exercise preferences) may influence the success of implementing falls prevention approaches in Asian countries that have been shown to be effective elsewhere in the world. The aim of this review is to evaluate the scope and effectiveness of falls prevention randomized controlled trials (RCTs) from the Asian region. Read More

Surg Obes Relat Dis 2018 01 9;14(1):93-98. Epub 2017 Oct 9.

Bariatric and Metabolic Institute, Department of General Surgery, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio. Electronic address:

Background: Some patients do not achieve optimal weight loss or regain weight after bariatric surgery. In this study, we aimed to determine the effectiveness of adjuvant weight loss medications after surgery for this group of patients.

Setting: An academic medical center. Read More

BMJ Open 2017 Dec 14;7(12):e018094. Epub 2017 Dec 14.

Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Salvador, Brazil.

Objective: Long-term complications of type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) can be prevented with adequate glycaemic control. However, high levels of glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) occur in 60%-90% of the patients with DM1. Thus, we aimed to investigate the role of sociodemographic, behavioural and clinical factors on the HbA1c levels of patients with DM1 in Brazil. Read More

Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2018 03;21(2):110-115

Centre for Human Health and Performance, Department of Medicine, University College London.

Purpose Of Review: Trials of physical rehabilitation post critical illness have yet to deliver improved health-related quality of life in critical illness survivors. Muscle mass and strength are lost rapidly in critical illness and a proportion of patients continue to do so resulting in increased mortality and functional disability. Addressing this issue is therefore fundamental for recovery from critical illness. Read More

Orthop Traumatol Surg Res 2018 Feb 17;104(1S):S25-S30. Epub 2018 Jan 17.

Clinique universitaire d'orthopédie-traumatologie, CHU Albert-Michallon, BP 217, 38043 Grenoble cedex 9, France. Electronic address:

Proximal femoral fracture in elderly subjects is a major event that is life-threatening in the medium-to-long term. Advanced age, male gender and number of comorbidities largely account for high mortality and require geriatric expertise. Protein-energy malnutrition and bone demineralization increase mortality. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(10):1216-1224

Gary D. Miller, PhD, Box 7868 Reynolda Station, Department Health and Exercise Science, Wake Forest University, Winston-Salem, NC 27109-7868, 336-758-1901; 336-758-4680 (fax).

Objectives: Dietary restriction in obese older adults undergoing weight loss may exacerbate nutrient deficiencies common in this group; the nutritional health of older adults is a factor in their quality of life, disability, and mortality. This study examined the effect of an 18-month weight loss program based in social cognitive theory incorporating partial meal replacements, on nutrient intake in older overweight and obese adults.

Design: The following analysis is from the Intensive Diet and Exercise for Arthritis (IDEA) trial, a single-blind, randomized controlled trial. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(10):1133-1141

Dominique Dardevet, INRA, Unité de Nutrition Humaine (UNH, UMR 1019), CRNH Auvergne, France,

Objectives: Effect of 3 different dairy protein sources on the recovery of muscle function after limb immobilization in old rats.

Design: Longitudinal animal study.

Setting: Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA). Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2018 Aug 23;30(8):951-958. Epub 2017 Nov 23.

Fondazione Angelo Poretti e Angelo Magnani ONLUS, Via Poretti 4, 21040 Vedano Olona, Varese, Italy.

Background: Sarcopenia could have a negative prognostic impact in long-term care residents, which are characterized by multiple comorbidities and a high level of dependence. However, there is limited evidence on its prevalence and management in this healthcare setting.

Methods: All residents living in a long-term care institution were screened for the presence of sarcopenia. Read More

Clin Interv Aging 2017 19;12:1495-1501. Epub 2017 Sep 19.

Division of Geriatrics, Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.

Objectives: To assess pressure injury (PI) incidence among patients hospitalized for acute myocardial infarction (AMI) in an intensive coronary care unit (ICCU) and to detect the impact of specific risk factors on the development of PI in this clinical setting.

Patients And Methods: Prospective cohort study in ICCU setting. Patients admitted for AMI: patients mean age 67. Read More

BMJ Open 2017 Oct 8;7(10):e018015. Epub 2017 Oct 8.

Department of Women's Cancer, EGA Institute for Women's Health, University College London, London, UK.

Objective: Healthy eating and physical activity may help endometrial cancer survivors (ECS) improve their quality of life. However, most ECS do not meet the relevant guidelines. This pilot trial aimed to test the study feasibility procedures for a definitive trial of a behavioural lifestyle programme. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2017 Nov 30;20(16):2946-2958. Epub 2017 Aug 30.

7Graduate School of Humanities,Tokyo Metropolitan University,Tokyo,Japan.

Objective: The present study aimed to examine the association between household income and the intake of foods and nutrients by Japanese schoolchildren, and any differences between days with and without school lunch.

Design: This was a cross-sectional study. Children, with the support of their parents, kept dietary records with photographs for 4 d (2 d with school lunch and 2 d without). Read More

J Stroke Cerebrovasc Dis 2017 Dec 16;26(12):2806-2813. Epub 2017 Aug 16.

Rancho Los Amigos National Rehabilitation Center, Downey, California; Department of Neurology, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California.

Background: Stroke survivors have high rates of subsequent cardiovascular and recurrent cerebrovascular events, and mortality. While healthy lifestyle practices - including a diet rich in fruits and vegetables, limited alcohol intake, and regular physical activity - can mitigate these outcomes, few stroke survivors adhere to them. Minorities from socioeconomically disadvantaged communities who obtain care in safety-net health systems experience the most barriers to implementing healthy lifestyle changes after stroke. Read More

Pak J Med Sci 2017 May-Jun;33(3):576-580

Syed Amir Gillani, Professor and Dean Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University Institute of Physical Therapy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, University of Lahore, Lahore, Pakistan.

Objective: To determine the effects of supervised structured aerobic exercise training (SSAET) program on fasting blood glucose level (FBGL), plasma insulin level (PIL), glycemic control (GC), and insulin resistance (IR) in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).

Methods: Riphah Rehabilitation and Research Centre (RRRC) was the clinical setting for this randomized controlled trial, located at Pakistan Railways General Hospital (PRGH), Rawalpindi, Pakistan. Study duration was 18 months from January 1, 2015 to June 30, 2016. Read More

Public Health Nutr 2017 Oct 14;20(15):2722-2734. Epub 2017 Aug 14.

2School of Psychology and Public Health,Department of Public Health,La Trobe University,Melbourne,Australia.

Objective: The purpose of the present systematic review was to synthesize evidence from the literature to assess efficacy of the Mediterranean dietary pattern in childhood asthma. Design/Setting A systematic search of six databases, three clinical trial registries and hand-search of peer-reviewed articles was conducted up to 29 October 2016. Inclusion criteria included exposure to a Mediterranean dietary pattern, measurement of asthma symptoms and study population of children aged <18 years. Read More

Int J Chron Obstruct Pulmon Dis 2017 18;12:2059-2067. Epub 2017 Jul 18.

Psychology Unit.

In addition to clinical comorbidities, psychological and neuropsychological problems are frequent in COPD and may affect pulmonary rehabilitation delivery and outcome. The aims of the study were to describe a COPD population in a rehabilitative setting as regards the patients depressive symptoms, anxiety, mild cognitive impairment (MCI) and self-reported adherence and to analyze their relationships; to compare the COPD sample MCI scores with normative data; and to investigate which factors might predict adherence to prescribed physical exercise. This was a multicenter observational cross-sectional study. Read More

Trials 2017 07 27;18(1):356. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

Institute of Health and Wellbeing, College of Social Sciences, 27 Bute Gardens, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, G12 8RS, UK.

Background: EuroFIT is a gender-sensitised, health and lifestyle program targeting physical activity, sedentary time and dietary behaviours in men. The delivery of the program in football clubs, led by the clubs' community coaches, is designed to both attract and engage men in lifestyle change through an interest in football or loyalty to the club they support. The EuroFIT program will be evaluated in a multicentre pragmatic randomised controlled trial (RCT), for which ~1000 overweight men, aged 30-65 years, will be recruited in 15 top professional football clubs in the Netherlands, Norway, Portugal and the UK. Read More

Nutr Health 2017 Sep 27;23(3):167-175. Epub 2017 Jul 27.

1 Department of Nutrition Sciences, College of Nursing and Health Professions, Drexel University, Philadelphia, USA.

Background: As adults transition into older ages, meeting age-specific dietary recommendations can become increasingly challenging, especially for low-income seniors who reside in publicly subsidized rental housing.

Aim: The primary objectives of this study were to: 1) identify barriers and facilitators to healthy eating and self-management of nutrition-related chronic illnesses experienced by low-income seniors residing in a subsidized housing setting; and 2) assess the interest in community nutrition programming among low-income seniors residing in a subsidized housing setting.

Method: A qualitative study design, using food focus groups and food pantry observations, was used. Read More

Trials 2017 07 20;18(1):338. Epub 2017 Jul 20.

Department of Pharmacology and Clinic Toxicology, University of Costa Rica - Division of Endocrinology, Hospital San Juan de Dios, San José, Costa Rica.

Background: Despite the reduction in glycemic derangement in patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) through dietary and therapeutic adjustments implemented before, during and after continuous exercise, evidence for its effectiveness with intermittent forms of exercise, such as soccer, is still lacking.

Methods/design: We designed a study protocol for a randomized, crossover, double-blinded, controlled trial, for the evaluation of the effect that a strategy of dietary and therapeutic modifications may have on safety and performance of persons with T1D in soccer training sessions and cognitive testing. Inclusion criteria comprise: age older than 18 years, more than 2 years since T1D diagnosis, low C-peptide level, a stable insulin regimen, HbA1c less than 9. Read More

J Nutr Health Aging 2017 ;21(7):811-818

PO Iversen, Department of Nutrition, P.O. Box 1046 Blindern, 0317 Oslo, Norway. Phone: + 47 22 85 13 91; fax: + 47 22 85 13 41; e-mail:

Objectives: We examined if individually-adapted nutritional counselling could prevent > 5% weight loss among elderly patients 3 months after discharge from a rehabilitation institution. In addition we assessed quality of life (QoL) and appetite.

Design: An open, randomized trial. Read More

J Am Med Dir Assoc 2017 Oct 6;18(10):885-890. Epub 2017 Jul 6.

Division of Geriatric Medicine, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO; Veterans Affairs Eastern Colorado Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, Denver, CO.

Background: Individuals with heart failure (HF) who are hospitalized and admitted to skilled nursing facilities (SNFs) are at high risk for rehospitalization and death. The care preferences of this high-risk population have not been studied.

Objectives: To describe care preferences of patients with HF admitted to SNFs for rehabilitation based on Medical Orders for Scope of Treatment (MOST) documentation, and evaluate goal-concordant care based on MOST documentation, emergency department (ED) visits, and hospitalization. Read More

Orthod Craniofac Res 2017 Jun;20 Suppl 2:48-51

Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Objectives: To summarize and discuss centre-level variation across a range of treatment and outcome measures and examine individual and ecological determinants of outcome in children in Cleft Care UK (CCUK).

Setting And Sample Population: Two hundred and sixty-eight 5-year-old British children with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) recruited to CCUK and treated within a centralized service.

Materials And Methods: Children had a range of treatment and outcome measures collected at a 5-year audit clinic. Read More

Orthod Craniofac Res 2017 Jun;20 Suppl 2:8-18

National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Biomedical Research Unit in Nutrition, Diet and Lifestyle at the University Hospitals Bristol NHS Foundation Trust and the University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Objectives: To explore centre-level variation in otitis media with effusion (OME), hearing loss and treatments in children in Cleft Care UK (CCUK) and to examine the association between OME, hearing loss and developmental outcomes at 5 and 7 years.

Setting And Sample Population: Two hundred and sixty-eight 5-year-old British children with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) recruited to CCUK.

Materials And Methods: Children had air and bone conduction audiometry at age 5. Read More

Orthod Craniofac Res 2017 Jun;20 Suppl 2:27-39

Bristol Dental School, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK.

Objectives: To investigate centre-level variation in speech intervention and outcome and factors associated with a speech disorder in children in Cleft Care UK (CCUK).

Setting And Sample Population: Two hundred and sixty-eight 5-year-old British children with non-syndromic unilateral cleft lip and palate recruited to CCUK.

Materials And Methods: Centre-based therapists undertook audio-video recordings. Read More

Prim Care 2017 Jun;44(2):247-264

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Osher Center for Integrative Medicine at Vanderbilt, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 3401 West End Avenue, Suite 380, Nashville, TN 37203, USA.

Integrative health modalities can provide useful tools in the management of persistent pain in the primary care setting. These modalities, such as acupuncture, mind-body medicine, diet and herbs, and movement strategies can be safely used and may provide patients with hope and empowerment. It is highly recommended that the patient work alongside trained professionals for a given modality and/or an interprofessional team. Read More

Colorectal Dis 2017 Nov;19(11):1024-1029

Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Sir Mortimer B. Davis Jewish General Hospital, Montreal, Québec, Canada.

Aim: Postoperative ileus is the most commonly observed morbidity following ileostomy closure. Studies have demonstrated that the defunctionalized bowel of a loop ileostomy undergoes a series of functional and structural changes, such as atrophy of the intestinal villi and muscular layers, which may contribute to ileus. A single-centre study in Spain demonstrated that preoperative bowel stimulation via the distal limb of the loop ileostomy decreased postoperative ileus, length of stay and time to gastrointestinal function. Read More

JAMA Intern Med 2017 07;177(7):948-954

Department of Medicine, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida2Department of Public Health Sciences, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida.

Importance: Community health worker (CHW) intervention is a promising approach to address type 2 diabetes among Latinos. However, evidence from randomized clinical studies is limited.

Objective: To compare a CHW intervention with enhanced usual care. Read More

Eat Weight Disord 2017 Jun 28;22(2):329-338. Epub 2017 Apr 28.

Department of Medicine, University of Padova, Clinica Medica 3, Azienda Ospedaliera di Padova, Via Giustiniani 2, 35128, Padua, Italy.

Purpose: To analyse the short-term effectiveness of an intensive multidimensional inpatient programme specifically developed for patients with severe obesity.

Methods: A multidisciplinary team managed a 3-week residential programme characterised by the integration of nutritional and physical rehabilitation with psychological and educational intervention. All patients consecutively admitted in 10 months were analysed at admission and discharge for changes in the following domains: anthropometry (weight, body mass index (BMI), waist and neck circumferences), cardiovascular risk factors (glycaemia, HbA1c, lipid profile, blood pressure), quality of life, eating behaviour, and physical performance (VO by incremental cycle ergometer test, 6-min walking test (6MWT), chair stands test). Read More

J Clin Endocrinol Metab 2017 04;102(4):1244-1253

Division of Obstetrics and Gynecology, and.

Context: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is associated with increased risk of endometrial cancer. This is usually explained by chronic anovulation and deficient progesterone activity. However, the role of progesterone receptors (PRs) in endometrial proliferation is unclear. Read More

Am J Prev Med 2017 Jul 29;53(1):9-16. Epub 2017 Mar 29.

Department of Medicine, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina.

Introduction: In 2007 and 2010, Expert Committee and U.S. Preventive Services Task Force guidelines were released, respectively, urging U. Read More

J Acad Nutr Diet 2017 Aug 17;117(8):1254-1264. Epub 2017 Mar 17.

Background: Diabetes self-management education (DSME) and medical nutrition therapy (MNT) improve patient outcomes; poor reimbursement limits access to care.

Objective: Our aim was to develop methodology for tracking patient outcomes subsequent to registered dietitian nutritionist interventions, document outcomes for patients with type 2 diabetes attending an American Diabetes Association-recognized program, and obtain outcome data to support reimbursement and public policy initiatives to improve patient access to DSME and MNT.

Design: Retrospective chart review. Read More

Front Physiol 2017 23;8:112. Epub 2017 Feb 23.

Muscle Morphology, Mechanics and Performance Laboratory, Clinical Research Center-Human Performance Research Unit, Veterans Affairs Medical Center Washington, DC, USA.

The applied use of eccentric muscle actions for physical rehabilitation may utilize the framework of periodization. This approach may facilitate the safe introduction of eccentric exercise and appropriate management of the workload progression. The purpose of this data-driven Hypothesis and Theory paper is to present a periodization model for isokinetic eccentric strengthening of older adults in an outpatient rehabilitation setting. Read More

Arch Phys Med Rehabil 2017 06 20;98(6):1195-1202. Epub 2017 Feb 20.

Department of Physical Therapy, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada; Rehabilitation Research Program, Vancouver Coastal Health Research Institute, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective: To describe the systematic development of the Stroke Coach, a theory- and evidence-based intervention to improve control of lifestyle behavior risk factors in patients with stroke.

Design: Intervention development.

Setting: Community. Read More