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J Am Heart Assoc 2018 Dec;7(23):e010054

1 Department of Neurology Medical University of South Carolina Charleston SC.

Background Cardiovascular risk factor burden in the absence of clinical or radiological "events" is associated with mild cognitive impairment. Magnetic resonance imaging techniques exploring the integrity of neuronal fiber connectivity within white matter networks supporting cognitive processing could be used to measure the impact of cardiovascular disease on brain health and be used beyond bedside neuropsychological tests to detect subclinical changes and select or stratify participants for entry into clinical trials. Methods and Results We assessed the relationship between verbal IQ and brain network integrity and the effect of cardiovascular risk factors on network integrity by constructing whole-brain structural connectomes from magnetic resonance imaging diffusion images (N=60) from people with various degrees of cardiovascular risk factor burden. Read More

Psychol Med 2018 Dec 6:1-12. Epub 2018 Dec 6.

Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences,Baltimore, MD,USA.

Background: Though meta-analyses of neuropsychological and social cognitive deficits in behavioral variant frontotemporal dementia (bvFTD) have been conducted, no study has comprehensively characterized and compared the neuropsychological, social cognitive, and olfactory profiles in the behavioral and language variants of FTD.

Methods: Our search yielded 470 publications meeting inclusion criteria representing 11 782 FTD patients and 19 451 controls. For each domain, we calculated Hedges' g effect sizes, which represent the mean difference between the patient and control group divided by the pooled standard deviation. Read More

Neurotherapeutics 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Epilepsy, UCL Institute of Neurology, 33 Queen Square, London, WC1E 6BT, UK.

Laser interstitial thermal therapy (LITT) is an alternative to open surgery for drug-resistant focal mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE). Studies suggest maximal ablation of the mesial hippocampal head and amygdalohippocampal complex (AHC) improves seizure freedom rates while better neuropsychological outcomes are associated with sparing of the parahippocampal gyrus (PHG). Optimal trajectories avoid sulci and CSF cavities and maximize distance from vasculature. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Radiology, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, USA.

Reduced working memory is frequently reported by Veterans with a history of blast-related mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI), but can be difficult to quantify on neuropsychological measures. This study aimed to improve our understanding of the impact of blast-related mTBI on the working memory system by using resting state functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) to explore differences in functional connectivity between OEF/OIF/OND Veterans with and without a history of mTBI. Participants were twenty-four Veterans with a history of blast-related mTBI and 17 Veterans who were deployed but had no lifetime history of TBI. Read More

J Neurovirol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Psychiatry, 1E.1 WC Mackenzie Health Sciences Centre, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2R7, Canada.

The measurement and determinants of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) are under intense debate. We used latent profile analysis (LPA) and machine learning to define neurocognitive performance profiles and identify their associated risk factors in HIV patients receiving antiretroviral therapy (ART). Neurocognitive performance was assessed by a multidomain neuropsychological test battery. Read More

Front Aging Neurosci 2018 21;10:384. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Institute of Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway.

In this cross-sectional study, we sought to describe cognitive and neuroimaging profiles of Memory clinic patients with Mild Cognitive Impairment (MCI). 51 MCI patients and 51 controls, matched on age, sex, and socio-economic status (SES), were assessed with an extensive neuropsychological test battery that included a measure of intelligence (General Ability Index, "GAI," from WAIS-IV), and structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). MCI subtypes were determined after inclusion, and z-scores normalized to our control group were generated for each cognitive domain in each MCI participant. Read More

Acta Pharmacol Sin 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Centre for Human Drug Research, Leiden, 2333 CL, The Netherlands.

Anxiety disorders arise from disruptions among the highly interconnected circuits that normally serve to process the streams of potentially threatening stimuli. The resulting imbalance among these circuits can cause a fundamental misinterpretation of neural sensory information as threatening and can lead to the inappropriate emotional and behavioral responses observed in anxiety disorders. There is considerable preclinical evidence that the GABAergic system, in general, and its α2- and/or α5-subunit-containing GABA(A) receptor subtypes, in particular, are involved in the pathophysiology of anxiety disorders. Read More

BMJ Open 2018 Dec 4;8(12):e023520. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Nephrology, Betsi Cadwaladr University Health Board, Rhyl, UK.

Objective: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects nearly 9% of global populations and is strongly associated with older age. Neurocognitive disorders (NCDs), which include mild cognitive impairment and dementia, are rising as a result of ageing populations throughout the world. This investigation's aim is to report the frequency of mild to major NCD in a clinical cohort of adults with mild to moderate CKD and diabetes. Read More

Neurology 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

From IRCCS NEUROMED (A.B.), Pozzilli, IS, Italy; Departments of Neurology (N.V.M., G.L.S., M.C.), Radiology (M.C.), Anatomy & Neurobiology (M.C.), and Bioengineering (M.C.), Washington University in St. Louis School of Medicine, MO; Department of Neuroscience (M.C.), University of Padua; and Padua Neuroscience Center (M.C.), Italy.

Objective: To investigate whether different language deficits are distinguished by the relative strengths of their association with the functional connectivity (FC) at rest of the language network (LN) and cingulo-opercular network (CON) after aphasic stroke.

Methods: In a group of patients with acute stroke and left-hemisphere damage, we identified 3 distinct, yet correlated, clusters of deficits including comprehension/lexical semantic, grapheme-phoneme knowledge, and verbal executive functions. We computed partial correlations in which the contributions of a behavioral cluster and network FC of no interest were statistically regressed out. Read More

J Spinal Cord Med 2018 Dec 3:1-10. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

f VA RR&D National Center for the Medical Consequences of SCI, James J. Peters VAMC , Bronx , New York , USA.

Context/objective: Cognitive deficits can impact as many as 60% of individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI). In an effort to identify the nature of cognitive deficits in SCI, we examined neuropsychological test performance in individuals with SCI, age matched healthy controls and older healthy controls.

Design: Participants completed a motor-free neuropsychological test battery assessing attention, working memory, information processing speed, new learning /memory and executive control. Read More

J Alzheimers Dis 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Saul B. Korey Department of Neurology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA.

Background: In a previous report, we used latent class analysis (LCA) to identify natural subgroups of older adults in the Einstein Aging Study (EAS) based on neuropsychological performance. These subgroups differed in demographics, genetic profile, and prognosis. Herein, we assess the generalizability of these findings to an independent sample, the Rush Memory and Aging Project (MAP), which used an overlapping, but distinct neuropsychological battery. Read More

CNS Spectr 2018 Dec 3:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

1Bronx-Lebanon Hospital Center,Department of Psychiatry, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York,USA.

Background: Numerous studies shown that structural hippocampal alterations are present in subjects at high risk of developing psychosis or schizophrenia. These findings indicate that in a subset of patients undergoing first-psychosis episode (FPE), hippocampal volume alterations are accompanied by associated cognitive and neuropsychological deficits. The combination of psychological deficits and neuroanatomical alterations, in turn, appears to increase treatment complexity and worsen clinical outcomes. Read More

Neurocase 2018 Dec 3:1-7. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

e Medtronic , Mumbai , India.

Studies have demonstrated the effectiveness of deep brain stimulation (DBS) as a treatment modality for psychiatric conditions. We present a case reviewing the longitudinal neuropsychological performance outcomes following bed nucleus of the stria terminalis-area (BNST) DBS in a patient with treatment-resistant depression (TRD). The cognitive safety of DBS is well documented for various targets, however cognitive outcomes of BNST-area DBS have not been extensively reported for patients with TRD. Read More

Clin Endocrinol (Oxf) 2018 Dec 2. Epub 2018 Dec 2.

Schools of Medicine (RB, DAR) and Psychology (KLD), Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Institute, Cardiff University, Cardiff, CF24 4HQ, UK.

Patients with hypopituitarism display impaired quality of life and excess morbidity and mortality, despite apparently optimal pituitary hormone replacement. Oxytocin is a neuropeptide synthesised in the anterior hypothalamus which plays an important role in controlling social and emotional behaviour, body weight and metabolism. Recent studies have suggested that a deficiency of oxytocin may be evident in patients with hypopituitarism and craniopharyngioma, and that this may be associated with deficits in cognitive empathy. Read More

AIDS Behav 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Department of Psychology, University of Houston, 126 Heyne Building, Houston, TX, 77004-5022, USA.

HIV-associated neurocognitive impairment is an independent predictor of low general health literacy, which can be associated with poor disease outcomes (e.g., viremia). Read More

J Neurol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Neurologische Klinik und Poliklinik, Ludwig Maximilians Universität München, Munich, Germany.

The applause sign, i.e., the inability to execute the same amount of claps as performed by the examiner, was originally reported as a sign specific for progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Read More

Metab Brain Dis 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Division of Gastroenterology, Hepatology and Nutrition, Virginia Commonwealth University and McGuire VA Medical Center, 1201 Broad Rock Boulevard, Richmond, Virginia, 23249, USA.

Covert hepatic encephalopathy (CHE) affects cognition in a multidimensional fashion. Current guidelines recommend performing Psychometric Hepatic Encephalopathy Score (PHES) and a second test to diagnose CHE for multi-center trials. We aimed to determine if a two-test combination strategy improved CHE diagnosis agreement, and accuracy to predict overt hepatic encephalopathy (OHE), compared to single testing. Read More

Alzheimers Dement (Amst) 2018 2;10:764-772. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Neurology, Weill Cornell Medicine and NewYork-Presbyterian, New York, NY, USA.

Introduction: The NIH Toolbox Cognition Battery (NIHTB-CB) is a computer-based protocol not yet validated for clinical assessment.

Methods: We administered the NIHTB-CB and traditional neuropsychological tests to 247 Memory Disorders and Alzheimer's Prevention Clinic patients with subjective cognitive decline, mild cognitive impairment, mild dementia due to Alzheimer's disease, and normal cognition. Principal component analysis, partial correlations, and univariate general linear model tests were performed to assess construct validity. Read More

Neurol India 2018 Nov-Dec;66(6):1713-1717

Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Background: There is a paucity of information about which impairments, cognitive or neurological, determine the functional outcome after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). The present study aims to determine the relative contributions of each of the above impairments for determining the functional outcome after SAH.

Materials And Methods: This is a prospective observational study including patients with aneurysmal SAH. Read More

Neurologia 2018 Nov 29. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Grupo de Neurociencias, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia; Unidad de Neurología, Hospital Universitario Nacional, Bogotá, Colombia; Instituto de Investigaciones Clínicas, Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Bogotá, Colombia.

Introduction: Alzheimer disease risk polymorphisms have been studied in patients with dementia, but have not yet been explored in mild cognitive impairment (MCI) in our population; nor have they been addressed in relation to cognitive variables, which can be predictive biomarkers of disease.

Objective: To evaluate cognitive performance and presence of polymorphisms of the genes SORL1(rs11218304), PVRL2(rs6859), CR1(rs6656401), TOMM40(rs2075650), APOE (isoforms ɛ2, ɛ3, ɛ4), PICALM(rs3851179), GWAS_14q(rs11622883), BIN1(rs744373), and CLU (rs227959 and rs11136000) in patients with MCI and healthy individuals.

Methodology: We performed a cross-sectional, exploratory, descriptive study of a prospective cohort of participants selected by non-probabilistic sampling, evaluated with neurological, neuropsychological, and genetic testing, and classified as cognitively healthy individuals and patients with MCI. Read More

Eur Neuropsychopharmacol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Mental Health Department, Neuroscience and Mental Health Research Area, Parc Taulí Hospital Universitari, Institut d'Investigació i Innovació Parc Taulí I3PT, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, CIBERSAM, Corporació Sanitària Parc Taulí, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain. Electronic address:

Objective and subjective cognitive measures are altered in major depressive disorder (MDD), but there is a poor correlation between them. This study aims to explore such discrepancy and the characteristics explaining this phenomenon. 229 patients with MDD subdivided into remitted (n = 57), partially remitted (n = 90) and acute (n = 82) underwent a clinical interview, completed self-report questionnaires and a neuropsychological assessment. Read More

Exp Gerontol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Psychology, University of Milano-Bicocca, Milan, Italy; NeuroMI - Milan Center for Neuroscience, Milano, Italy. Electronic address:

Introduction: The cognitive reserve (CR) theory has been proposed to account for the mismatch between the degree of neuropathological changes and clinical outcome in dementias. Recently, it has also been applied to Parkinson's disease (PD) with promising results, but mostly just focusing on separate proxy measures of CR, such as education, working and leisure time activities, instead of adopting a more comprehensive approach. Using the Cognitive Reserve Index questionnaire (CRIq), this study examined the association of CR with motor functions and cognition in patients with medium-low (1-9 years) and medium-high (>9 years) PD duration. Read More

J Int Neuropsychol Soc 2018 Dec 3:1-9. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

4Clinical Memory Research Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences Malmö,Lund University,Lund,Sweden.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to assess the psychometric properties of a Swedish version of the Hayling test (HT-S) and its clinical utility in a group of patients with different frontotemporal dementia (FTD) syndromes. Early diagnosis of FTD is a challenge and requires a broad arsenal of assessment methods, neuropsychological tests not the least. The Hayling test assesses executive functions including initiation, efficiency and response inhibition. Read More

Perspect Psychol Sci 2018 Dec 5:1745691618803640. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Psychology, Harvard University.

In this article I discuss some of the major questions, findings, and ideas that have driven my research program, which has examined various aspects of human memory using a combination of cognitive, neuropsychological, and neuroimaging approaches. I do so from a career perspective that describes important scientific influences that have shaped my approach to the study of memory and discusses considerations that led to choosing specific research paths. After acknowledging key early influences, I briefly summarize a few of the main takeaways from research on implicit memory during the 1980s and 1990s and then move on to consider more recent ideas and findings concerning constructive memory, future imagining, and mental simulation that have motivated my approach for the past 2 decades. Read More

J Nutr 2018 Dec;148(12):1938-1945

Université Paris 13, Equipe de Recherche en Epidémiologie Nutritionnelle (EREN), Centre d'Epidémiologie et Statistiques Sorbonne Paris Cité, Inserm (U1153), Inra (U1125), Cnam, COMUE Sorbonne Paris Cité, Bobigny, France.

Background: Given the drastic demographic changes characterized as "population aging," the disease burden related to dementia is a major public health problem. The scientific literature documenting the link between mono- and polyunsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs, PUFAs) and cognitive function during aging is plentiful, but findings are inconsistent.

Objectives: We aimed to evaluate the association between intakes of unsaturated fatty acids at midlife and cognitive performance 13 y later in French adults, and to test for a modulating effect of antioxidant supplementation. Read More

Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Psychiatry, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX USA.

Objective: To establish a cut score for the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) that distinguishes mild cognitive impairment (MCI) from normal cognition (NC) in a community-based African American (AA) sample.

Methods: A total of 135 AA participants, from a larger aging study, diagnosed MCI (n = 90) or NC (n = 45) via consensus diagnosis using clinical history, Clinical Dementia Rating score, and comprehensive neuropsychological testing. Logistic regression models utilized sex, education, age, and MoCA score to predict MCI versus NC. Read More

Arch Clin Neuropsychol 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Psychology, Washington State University, Pullman, WA, USA.

Objective: Although medication management is a necessary daily activity for individuals with Huntington's disease (HD), medication management abilities and their relation to cognitive functioning have not been evaluated.

Method: Twenty individuals with HD and 20 healthy adults (HA) completed the Medication Management Abilities Assessment (MMAA). Individuals with HD also completed a self-report medication management measure and neuropsychological tests assessing executive function, retrospective memory, and prospective memory. Read More

J Neurol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Neurology, St. Josef-Hospital, Ruhr-University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.

Background: Cognitive impairment (CI) affects approximately one-third of the patients with early multiple sclerosis (MS) and clinically isolated syndrome (CIS). Little is known about factors predicting CI and progression after initial diagnosis.

Methods: Neuropsychological screening data from baseline and 1-year follow-up of a prospective multicenter cohort study (NationMS) involving 1123 patients with newly diagnosed MS or CIS were analyzed. Read More

J Neurol 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Unit of Medical Genetics and Neurogenetics, Fondazione IRCCS Istituto Neurologico Carlo Besta, via Celoria 11, 20133, Milan, Italy.

Autosomal recessive cerebellar ataxia type 3 (ARCA3) is a rare inherited disorder caused by mutations in the ANO10 gene. The disease is characterized by slowly progressive spastic ataxia variably associated with motor neuron involvement, epilepsy, and cognitive decline. We performed mutational screening in 80 patients with sporadic or autosomal recessive adult-onset ataxia. Read More

Parkinsonism Relat Disord 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Neurology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Alzheimer's Disease Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Evelyn F. McKnight Brain Institute, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA; Center for Neurodegeneration and Experimental Therapeutics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA.

Introduction: Cognitive dysfunction is common in progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP) but its effect on medical decision-making has not been well studied. To address this gap in the research literature, we compared the medical decision-making capacity of patients with PSP to groups of patients with other neurodegenerative disorders. We also investigated the cognitive correlates of medical decision-making in our PSP sample. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Dec 4;18(1):1211. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Psychiatry, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chiayi, Taiwan.

Background: Breast neoplasms are the most common cancer among women in Taiwan. Cognitive deficits are common complications of breast cancer survivors treated with chemotherapy. The most frequently observed disorders involve executive function and memory impairment. Read More

Med J Armed Forces India 2011 Apr 21;67(2):117-121. Epub 2011 Jul 21.

Background: A sizeable portion of psychiatric ward beds in military hospitals is occupied by patients with psychoactive substance abuse and especially by alcohol-dependence syndrome (ADS) cases. Though there have been significant advances in the diagnosis and management of these cases, not much of work has been done in our set up for the evaluation of their cognitive impairment and its response to treatment.

Methods: Neuropsychological evaluation of 100 cases of freshly diagnosed ADS was done by using postgraduate battery of brain dysfunction (PGI-BBD). Read More

Clin Neuropsychol 2018 Dec 4:1-18. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

a Cleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health , Las Vegas , Nevada , USA.

Objective: Neuropsychology is poised for a fundamental shift as we modernize the ways in which behavior is measured. The amount and complexity of data generated by these new methods will be several orders of magnitude greater than what is currently created by analog measures and will quickly adopt characteristics of "Big Data." Adequate preparation for managing the influx of data will be critical for technology integration and modernization to be successful. Read More

J Cogn Neurosci 2018 Dec 4:1-13. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Western University, London, Ontario, Canada.

Analysis of eye movements can provide insights into processes underlying performance of cognitive tasks. We recorded eye movements in healthy participants and people with idiopathic Parkinson's disease during a token foraging task based on the spatial working memory component of the widely used Cambridge Neuropsychological Test Automated Battery. Participants selected boxes (using a mouse click) to reveal hidden tokens. Read More

Rev Prat 2017 12;67(10):1111-1115

Service de neurochirurgie, centre hospitalier Sainte-Anne, université Paris-Descartes Paris, France.

Epilepsy surgery. Epilepsy surgery is indicated for adults or children with partial, drug-resistant and disabling epilepsy. It has developed over the last few decades through better identification of candidates, advances in imaging and surgical techniques. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.

Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is a heterogeneous condition with variable outcomes. Improving diagnosis to increase the likelihood that MCI reliably reflects prodromal Alzheimer's Disease (AD) would be of great benefit for clinical practice and intervention trials. In 230 cognitively normal (CN) and 394 MCI individuals from the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative, we studied whether an MCI diagnostic requirement of impairment on at least two episodic memory tests improves 3-year prediction of medial temporal lobe atrophy and progression to AD. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 4. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Radiology, Tianjin First Central Hospital, Tianjin, 300192, China.

The purpose of this study was to noninvasively evaluate the changes of regional cerebral venous oxygen saturation (rSvO) in hemodialysis patients using quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and investigate the relationship with clinical risk factors and neuropsychological testing. Fifty four (54) hemodialysis patients and 54 age, gender and education matched healthy controls (HCs) were recruited in this prospective study. QSM data were reconstructed from the original phase data of susceptibility weighted imaging to measure the susceptibility of cerebral regional major veins in all subjects and calculate their rSvO. Read More

Brain Imaging Behav 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Molecular and Functional Imaging, Department of Radiology, Zhongda Hospital, Medical School of Southeast University, Nanjing, 210009, China.

Wide-ranging functional remodeling is involved in sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), which has been demonstrated to have accumulated risk of cognitive and emotional dysfunction. Anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) has close connections with the auditory area and plays a vital role in regulating the cognitive, emotional and auditory processing. However, the functional reorganization of the ACC and its associations with potential cognitive and emotional impairments involved in SNHL have never been explored. Read More

Contemp Clin Trials Commun 2018 Dec 14;12:192-197. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Psychological Sciences, Kent State University, USA.

Cognitive decline is common in older adults and more than 5 million Americans suffer from Alzheimer's disease (AD). A number of physiological processes including systemic inflammation, excess adiposity, and impaired glucoregulation arise from a combination of genetic and behavioral factors and increase risk for developing AD or other forms of dementia. Recent research suggests that the gut microbiome may moderate these pathological processes and possibly influence cognitive outcomes. Read More

Pharmgenomics Pers Med 2018 19;11:211-222. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Department of Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital of Wuerzburg, Wuerzburg 97080, Germany,

Mental disorders account for around one-third of disability worldwide and cause enormous personal and societal burden. Current pharmacotherapies and nonpharmacotherapies do help many patients, but there are still high rates of partial or no response, delayed effect, and unfavorable adverse effects. The current diagnostic taxonomy of mental disorders by the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders and the International Classification of Diseases relies on presenting signs and symptoms, but does not reflect evidence from neurobiological and behavioral systems. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(48):e13223

IRCCS Centro Neurolesi "Bonino-Pulejo," Messina.

Rationale: Limbic encephalitis is a parenchymal inflammation caused by viral, bacterial, or other microbial and postinfectious agents, which is usually expressed by multifocal neurological signs and cognitive impairment.

Patient Concerns: A 50-year-old female was admitted in postacute phase, at our rehabilitative Center, to undertake neuro-motor treatment for a period of 4 months.

Diagnoses: The patient was affected by limbic encephalitis. Read More

Neurosci Biobehav Rev 2018 Nov 28;96:143-154. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

University of St Andrews, School of Medicine, Division of Population and Behavioural Science, UK. Electronic address:

The link between neuropsychological impairments and chronic tobacco smoking is not clear and in the current literature there is a lack of robust analyses investigating this association. A systematic review of the literature was conducted in order to identify relevant longitudinal and cross-sectional studies conducted from 1946 to 2017. A meta-analysis was performed from 24 studies testing the performance of chronic tobacco smokers compared with non-smokers on neuropsychological tests related to eight different neuropsychological domains. Read More

Brain Inj 2018 Nov 30:1-16. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

c Centre for Rehabilitation of Brain Injury , Copenhagen , Denmark.

Objective: To compare the effectiveness of a specialized, interdisciplinary rehabilitation (S-REHAB) with standard care (STAND) for people with persistent post-concussive symptoms (PPCS > 6 month).

Design: Randomized controlled trial.

Participants: Eighty-nine adults. Read More

J Head Trauma Rehabil 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Research Service (Mss Hoffman, DeFord, and Keller and Drs Herbert and Crocker) and Psychology Service (Dr Jak), and Center of Excellence for Stress and Mental Health (Drs Herbert and Jak), VA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, California; San Diego State University/University of California San Diego Joint Doctoral Program in Clinical Psychology (Ms Jurick and Mr Sanderson-Cimino); Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Diego (Drs Herbert and Jak); and Department of Psychiatry, Massachusetts General Hospital/Harvard Medical School, Boston (Ms Jurick).

Objective: To determine the role of pain catastrophizing (PC) in neuropsychological functioning in veterans with a history of mild traumatic brain injury (TBI).

Participants: Thirty-nine Iraq and Afghanistan combat veterans evaluated in the post-acute phase following mild TBI.

Methods: Participants underwent psychiatric and TBI clinical interviews, neuropsychological tests, and self-report assessments of PC, pain intensity, depression, and posttraumatic stress disorder symptoms. Read More

J Head Trauma Rehabil 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ontario, Canada (Drs Abeare, Casey, and Erdodi and Mss Messa and Whitfield, and Mr Zuccato); and Michigan State University College of Human Medicine, East Lansing (Mr Rykulski).

Objective: To assess the prevalence of invalid performance on baseline neurocognitive testing using embedded measures within computerized tests and individually administered neuropsychological measures, and to examine the influence of incentive status and performance validity on neuropsychological test scores.

Setting: Sport-related concussion management program at a regionally accredited university.

Participants: A total of 83 collegiate football athletes completing their preseason baseline assessment within the University's concussion management program and a control group of 140 nonathlete students. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018 ;118(10):97-107

Federal State Autonomous Institution 'National Medical Research Center for Neurosurgery named after Academician N.N. Burdenko' of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

Antihypoxic, antioxidant and nootropic effects of mexidol contribute to the improvement of patients with cerebrovascular pathology. The results of clinical studies show that the sequential scheme of using mexidol (first i.v. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018 ;118(10):30-36

Mental Health Research Center, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: To evaluate the efficacy of course neurotrophic therapy with cerebrolysin in a group of first-degree relatives of Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients who had minimal cognitive dysfunction.

Material And Methods: Sixty-seven relatives (mean age 57.6±14. Read More

Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2018 ;118(10):14-18

Irkutsk State Medical Academy of Continuing Education, Irkutsk, Russia; Irkutsk regional dermatovenereologic dispanser, Irkutsk, Russia.

Aim: To study and compare the frequency and types of clinical course of different forms of early neurosyphilis (NS) in patients with HIV infection.

Material And Methods: The results of clinical, laboratory and neuropsychological examinations of two groups of patients: with early NS in combination with HIV infection (n=62) and with early NS without HIV (n=62) were analyzed.

Results And Conclusion: The variants (regressive, stationary, slowly progressive, rapidly progressive) and types (favorable, unfavorable) of clinical course of different forms of early NS were identified in these groups. Read More