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BMC Oral Health 2022 May 20;22(1):194. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Dental Public Health, Faculty of Dentistry, Alexandria University, Alexandria, Egypt.

Background: Local anesthesia (LA) poses a threat in children more than the treatment process itself, so pediatric dentists are always demanding less painful techniques. Computer-controlled Intraligamentary anaesthesia (CC-ILA) is designed to reduce injection pain and side effects of conventional techniques. The present study aims to assess the pain experience using Computer-controlled Intraligamentary anaesthesia (CC-ILA) during injection and its effectiveness in controlling pain during extraction of mandibular primary molars in pediatric patients. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 12;14(4):e24079. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, USA.

Background The management of pain in patients undergoing open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) of distal radius fractures (DRFs) remains an area of debate for anesthesiologists due to a variety of block options and no definitive superior technique among these modalities. In this retrospective case series, we compare the efficacy of supraclavicular versus infraclavicular regional nerve blocks for surgical patients undergoing distal radial ORIF operations to determine if one approach was superior. Methodology This retrospective case series included patients undergoing ORIF of a DRF at a tertiary academic medical center between April 28, 2016, and August 23, 2021. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 May 9;12(9). Epub 2022 May 9.

Small Animal Clinic, Veterinary Faculty, University of Ljubljana, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.

This study investigated the cardiopulmonary effects and pharmacokinetics of dexmedetomidine (DEX) used as an adjunctive analgesic for regional anesthesia of the oral cavity with levobupivacaine in anesthetized dogs. Forty dogs were randomly assigned to four groups of 10 dogs. All dogs received levobupivacaine (4 blocks) with DEX IO (infraorbital block, = 10) or IA (inferior alveolar block, = 10) or placebo (PLC; = 10) or DEX ( = 10) was injected intravenously (IV) after administration of levobupivacaine. Read More

J Oral Rehabil 2022 May 6. Epub 2022 May 6.

Department of Organismal Biology and Anatomy, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Background: Individuals with impaired oral sensation report difficulty chewing, but little is known about the underlying changes to tongue and jaw kinematics. Methodological challenges impede the measurement of 3D tongue movement and its relationship to the gape cycle.

Objective: The aim of this study was to quantify the impact of loss of oral somatosensation on feeding performance, 3D tongue kinematics, and tongue-jaw coordination. Read More

Aesthetic Plast Surg 2022 May 5. Epub 2022 May 5.

Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100144, China.

Background: Abdominoplasty is a major surgical procedure in plastic surgery. It removes excess skin and fat, tightens abdominal muscles and fascia, restores normal abdominal anatomy and reshapes the distorted abdominal contour. According to the statistics released annually by International Society of Aesthetic Plastic Surgery (ISAPS) in 2020, there are more than 900, 000 abdominal wall plastic surgeries performed every year worldwide. Read More

Trauma Surg Acute Care Open 2022 14;7(1):e000904. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Trauma Research Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, Colorado, USA.

Objectives: Until recently, systemic opioids have been standard care for acute pain management of geriatric hip fracture; however, opioids increase risk for delirium. Fascia Iliaca compartment blocks (FICB) may be favored to systemic analgesia for reducing delirium, but this has not been well demonstrated. We evaluated the efficacy of adjunctive FICB versus systemic analgesia on delirium incidence, opioid consumption, and pain scores. Read More

Arthrosc Sports Med Rehabil 2022 Apr 17;4(2):e721-e746. Epub 2021 Dec 17.

Rothman Orthopaedic Institute, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.

Purpose: To provide an updated review of multimodal pain management in arthroscopic surgery by evaluating pain and opioid consumption after shoulder, knee, and hip arthroscopy.

Methods: A comprehensive literature search was performed to identify randomized controlled trials (RCTs) investigating multimodal pain management after shoulder, knee, and hip arthroscopy. Articles were identified from January 2011 through December 2020 using various databases. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2022 May;28(5):711-713

Department of Ophthalmology, İstanbul University-Cerrahpaşa, Cerrahpaşa Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul-Turkey.

After infratrochlear nerve block for nasolacrimal probing, sudden vision loss, proptosis, pain, loss of light reflexes, and a total limitation of ocular movement was observed in a 71-year-old female patient. She was diagnosed with retrobulbar hemorrhage and orbital compartment syndrome (OCS). Lateral canthotomy, cantholysis, and medial orbitotomy were performed on the patient. Read More

Zhonghua Kou Qiang Yi Xue Za Zhi 2022 May;57(5):490-494

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center of Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology, Beijing 100081, China.

Preemptive analgesia refers to the use of analgesics or regional nerve block in advance of nerve conduction changing or nerve remodeling caused by traumatic stimulation, so as to achieve better postoperative pain relief and to prevent postoperative pain hypersensitivity. Preemptive analgesia minimizes or prevents postoperative pain by reducing peripheral and central sensitization, which thereby limit the pain cascade. This paper briefly introduces the mechanism and methods of preemptive analgesia, as well as its application and research progress in the field of oral treatment. Read More

Cephalalgia 2022 Apr 26:3331024221094294. Epub 2022 Apr 26.

Section for Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Health, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.

Objectives: To assess changes in mechanical sensitivity of the pericranial muscles in healthy individuals after a local anesthetic block of the temporalis tendon. In addition, to assess, if experimentally induced temporalis tendon pain, can lead to an increase in mechanical sensitivity of the pericranial muscles and reports of headache.

Methods: 40 healthy participants were recruited for this randomized, double-blinded, controlled experiment, and were randomly injected with mepivacaine and isotonic saline into the dominant-side temporalis tendon in two different sessions, and either nerve growth factor (n = 20) or isotonic saline (n = 20) in a third session. Read More

J Dent Anesth Pain Med 2022 Apr 25;22(2):145-153. Epub 2022 Mar 25.

The Grant Government Medical College, Nagpada, Mumbai Central, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Background: Postoperative analgesia (POA) is an important determinant of successful treatment. Dexmedetomidine (DEX) has recently gained attention as a promising adjuvant to local anesthetics (LA). The present study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of levobupivacaine (LB) as an adjuvant during inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) in the extraction of lower impacted third molars (LITM). Read More

Vet Sci 2022 Apr 6;9(4). Epub 2022 Apr 6.

Clinic for Horses, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Buenteweg 9, 30559 Hannover, Germany.

The aim of this prospective clinical trial was to compare the influence of butorphanol, buprenorphine and levomethadone on sedation quality and postoperative analgesia in horses undergoing cheek tooth extraction. Fifty horses were assigned to three groups prior to oral cheek tooth extraction. Horses were treated with acepromazine, followed by a detomidine bolus, one of the three opioids and both a nerve block and gingival anaesthesia. Read More

Saudi J Anaesth 2022 Apr-Jun;16(2):194-199. Epub 2022 Mar 17.

Department of Critical Care Medicine, Manipal Hospital, Bengaluru, Karnatka, India.

Background: Facial area is one of the most frequently injured area of the body, accounting for 23-97% of all facial fractures. Treatments under general anesthesia as those for maxillofacial fractures or infections is a highly complicated and a major challenging task in trismus associated patients. The main culprit in trismus is the increase muscle tone of masticatory muscles which are supplied via the mandibular nerve, blocking which could help increase the mouth opening thus, changing the whole of airway management. Read More

Oral Oncol 2022 May 11;128:105833. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Intensive and Perioperative Care, Skåne University Hospital, Entrégatan 7, 222 42 Lund, Sweden; Department of Clinical Sciences, Lund University, Box 117, 221 00 Lund, Sweden. Electronic address:

Background And Objectives: Curative treatment for locally advanced head and neck tumours often includes reconstructive surgery using a microvascular free flap. Effective recuperation is essential but may be impeded by postoperative donor site pain. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of a continuous popliteal block on postoperative pain after fibular graft harvesting. Read More

J Shoulder Elbow Surg 2022 Jun 9;31(6S):S143-S151. Epub 2022 Apr 9.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of California, San Francisco Medical Center, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Background: Lack of sleep is associated with adverse effects on postsurgical pain and recovery. We hypothesized that a multimodal sleep pathway, including nonpharmacologic sleep hygiene interventions and the use of zolpidem and melatonin, could improve patient analgesia and sleep after total shoulder arthroplasty.

Methods: We performed a prospective randomized controlled study in which patients undergoing anatomic and reverse total shoulder arthroplasty were treated with or without an interventional multimodal sleep pathway. Read More

BMC Infect Dis 2022 Apr 11;22(1):367. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Kobe University Hospital, 7-5-2, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe, Hyogo, Japan.

Background: Cutibacterium modestum was named in 2020. C. modestum was previously called Propionibacterium humerusii. Read More

J Maxillofac Oral Surg 2022 Mar 3;21(1):191-202. Epub 2020 May 3.

Sri Siddhartha Dental College and Hospital, Agalkote, BH Road, Tumkur, 572107 India.

Purpose: To compare the clinical efficacy of classical inferior alveolar nerve block (CIANB) and Vazirani-Akinosi (VA) injection technique in patients indicated for bilateral mandibular premolar teeth extraction for orthodontic treatment.

Methods: This split-mouth comparative study was conducted on 20 patients randomly selected for bilateral extraction of mandibular premolar indicated for orthodontic treatment to receive CIANB and VA injection technique alternatively. The clinical parameters evaluated were pain during injection, onset of anesthesia, duration of anesthesia, quality of anesthesia, nerve anesthetized with single nerve block, need for re-injection and frequency of positive aspiration. Read More

Rheum Dis Clin North Am 2022 May;48(2):549-567

Division of Rheumatology, Rush University Medical Center, 1611 West Harrison Street, Suite 510, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.

Knee osteoarthritis (OA) is a common and morbid condition. No disease-modifying therapies exist; hence the goals of current treatment are to palliate pain and to retain function. OA pain is significantly influenced by the placebo effect. Read More

J Pain Res 2022 29;15:827-835. Epub 2022 Mar 29.

Department of Anesthesiology, Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100020, People's Republic of China.

Purpose: The transversalis fascia (TF) encases the quadratus lumborum and psoas major (PM) muscles, respectively, after they split caudalward approximately at the level of the iliac crest. The branches of the lumbar plexus variably exit medially and laterally from the TF-encased PM muscle. We hypothesized that the local anesthetic (LA) injections around the anterolateral edge of PM at the supra-iliac level and into the retro-psoas compartment at the L5/S1 level, which termed as the circum-psoas blocks, could block the lumbar plexus branches. Read More

Anesth Prog 2022 Apr;69(1):46-48

Department of Dental Anesthesiology, School of Dental Medicine Tsurumi University, Kanagawa, Japan.

We report a case of severe bradycardia during general anesthesia due to reduced atrioventricular conduction capacity believed to have been caused by the trigeminocardiac reflex (TCR). A 46-year-old woman was scheduled for intraoral scar revision under general anesthesia. When the surgeon opened her mouth intraoperatively, the patient's blood pressure immediately increased, and she developed significant bradycardia and a transient Mobitz type II second-degree atrioventricular block. Read More

J Bronchology Interv Pulmonol 2022 Apr;29(2):109-114

Section of Interventional Pulmonary Division of Pulmonary Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, University of California, San Francisco.

Background: Anesthesia and analgesia for thoracic procedures, specifically pleuroscopy, present unique challenges given the spectrum of underlying pulmonary disease and susceptibility to respiratory complications. This study describes efforts to reduce postoperative pain and minimize opioid analgesia after thoracoscopic procedures through the use of erector spinae plane block (ESPB).

Methods: This is a single center, retrospective case series of all patients who underwent rigid pleuroscopy with ESPB plus monitored anesthesia care (MAC) from November 2018 through September 2020. Read More

Br J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2021 Dec 29. Epub 2021 Dec 29.

The Twelfth Department of Plastic Surgery, Plastic Surgery Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, 33 Badachu Road, Shijingshan District, Beijing 100144, China. Electronic address:

Our aim was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of multimodal cocktail intercostal injection for the relief of chest pain after costal cartilage harvest for rhinoplasty. Consecutive patients who underwent costal cartilage harvest during rhinoplasty were prospectively assigned as per patient preference to group A (injection containing ropivacaine, parecoxib sodium, epinephrine, and compound betamethasone), group B (intercostal nerve block (ICNB)), or group C (ICNB plus patient-controlled analgesia (PCA)). The outcomes were visual analogue scale (VAS) scores for chest pain after costal cartilage harvest, rescue analgesia, complications, and cost during the first two days. Read More

World Neurosurg 2022 Mar 12;162:43-46. Epub 2022 Mar 12.

Victor Horsley Department of Neurosurgery, National Hospital for Neurology and Neurosurgery, University College Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.

Objective: Elective insertion of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring bolts is useful for the diagnosis and treatment of disorders of cerebrospinal fluid dynamics. Patients typically report severe discomfort on bolt removal, which negatively impacts overall patient satisfaction of ICP monitoring. We assessed the efficacy and safety of using supratrochlear and supraorbital nerve block-a commonly used form of scalp anesthesia-alongside oral analgesia before bolt removal. Read More

Cancer Treat Res Commun 2022 18;31:100535. Epub 2022 Feb 18.

Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram. Electronic address:

Background And Aims: Regional anesthesia in oncosurgery is a current research topic. The use of nerve blocks near the surgical site gives good analgesia, surgical field visibility and hemodynamic profile. Our aim was to evaluate the effect of the Gow gate mandibular nerve block in tongue surgeries. Read More

Quintessence Int 2022 May;53(6):512-521

Objectives: Temporomandibular disorders (TMDs) are a group of disorders with varied pathophysiology and clinical manifestations. Masticatory and cervical motor systems have a functional relationship. Superficial cervical muscles have greater hyperactivity in myogenous and mixed TMDs than in healthy individuals, demonstrating an abnormal pattern of contraction. Read More

Animals (Basel) 2022 Feb 22;12(5). Epub 2022 Feb 22.

New Bolton Center, Department of Clinical Studies, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, 382 West Street Road, Kennett Square, PA 19348, USA.

Transdermal flunixin meglumine was approved in 2018 to treat pain related to foot-rot in cattle, leading to the question of whether it would be effective as part of a comprehensive pain management strategy for disbudding. To investigate, calves were assigned to three treatment groups: 2% lidocaine cornual nerve block only (L), lidocaine nerve block +0.45 mg/lb (1 mg/kg) oral meloxicam (M), or lidocaine nerve block +1. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2022 Mar 10. Epub 2022 Mar 10.

Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Objectives: This randomized, double-blind study was to determine whether dexmedetomidine (DEX) helped to improve the inferior alveolar nerve block's (IANB) success in patients with asymptomatic irreversible pulpitis (AIP). We hypothesized that adding DEX to lidocaine enhances the anesthetic effect of lidocaine to a satisfactory level by localizing anesthesia in a safer way.

Materials And Methods: Fifty adult volunteers with AIP in a first or second mandibular molar were randomly assigned to two groups to either receive 1. Read More

Ann Maxillofac Surg 2021 Jul-Dec;11(2):236-240. Epub 2022 Feb 1.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Terna Dental College, Navi Mumbai, Maharashtra, India.

Introduction: Opioid analgesics have an advantage over nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in that they do not cause direct organ damage. Buprenorphine has an antinociceptive potency approximately 25-50 times greater than that of morphine. Hence, in this study, buprenorphine was added to local anaesthesia in relieving postoperative pain after lower third molar surgery when given as inferior alveolar nerve block. Read More

Case Rep Dent 2022 26;2022:4436893. Epub 2022 Feb 26.

Department of Anesthesiology, Imakiire General Hospital, Kagoshima, Japan.

Temporomandibular disorders are a group of disorders with symptoms that include pain and clicking sounds in the temporomandibular joint and restricted mouth opening. For the treatment of temporomandibular disorders with trismus, herein, we suggest a new approach: "jaw manipulation using the ultrasound-guided inferior alveolar nerve block technique." A woman in her 60s developed temporomandibular disorders and presented with severe trismus owing to pain in the temporomandibular joint. Read More