Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

Folia Morphol (Warsz) 2020 Jun 3. Epub 2020 Jun 3.

Department of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Veterinary Sciences and Animal Husbandry, Central Agricultural University (I), Selesih, Aizawl, Mizoram, India.

There is no previously reported information on the applied anatomy and clinical significance of the maxillofacial and mandibular regions of the barking deer and sambar deer. Therefore, the present study was designed to provide some important clinical landmarks related to tracking of the infraorbital, mental and mandibular nerves with its clinical implications in regional anaesthesia in both the species. In the present study, the distance between the most lateral bulging of the facial tuberosity to the infraorbital foramen and from the latter to the root of the alveolar tooth directly ventral to it was found to be 2. Read More

Front Neurosci 2020 21;14:377. Epub 2020 Apr 21.

Department of Pain Management, Shengjing Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, China.

Background: Postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) seriously affects a patient's quality of life, and it is urgent to find a method that can effectively alleviate the PHN of the upper extremity.

Objective: To observe the Efficacy of pulsed radiofrequency (PRF) to cervical nerve root for PHN in upper extremity under CT guidance.

Study Design: Retrospective comparative study. Read More

Eur J Dent Educ 2020 Apr 13. Epub 2020 Apr 13.

School of Dentistry, Universidad Veracruzana, Rio Blanco, México.

Introduction: We compared the motor learning, self-confidence whilst performing an anaesthesia technique and the perception of confidence between a group of students trained (G1) with two distinct dental anaesthesia simulation models (DASM) and a group of students (G2) not trained with DASM.

Materials And Methods: The G1 students (n = 22) were trained with a learning protocol including a DASM for simulating a puncture and a DASM for simulating an injection of dental anaesthesia. The G2 students (n = 22) received no such training. Read More

Evid Based Dent 2020 03;21(1):20-21

South Bay Dental Institute, California, USA.

Design Randomised clinical trialStudy population The present study evaluated patients of different genders aged between 18-65 years old. The study design and the language of the consent form were approved by the Ethics Committee at Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS) (approval code: IR.TUMS. Read More

Pain 2020 Mar 13. Epub 2020 Mar 13.

Department of Anatomy, Aichi Medical University, Aichi 480-1195, Japan.

Physical disuse could lead to a state of chronic pain typified by complex regional pain syndrome type I due to fear of pain through movement (kinesiophobia) or inappropriate resting procedures. However, the mechanisms by which physical disuse is associated with acute/chronic pain and other pathological signs remain unresolved. We have previously reported that inflammatory signs, contractures, disuse muscle atrophy, spontaneous pain-like behaviors, and chronic widespread mechanical hyperalgesia based on central plasticity occurred after 2-weeks of cast immobilization in chronic post-cast pain (CPCP) rat model. Read More

J Endod 2020 Apr 20;46(4):471-474. Epub 2020 Feb 20.

Oral Health Sciences Centre, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education & Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh, India.

Introduction: The purpose of this clinical trial was to comparatively evaluate the anesthetic efficacy of unilateral and bilateral mental incisive nerve block (MINB) during the endodontic treatment of inflamed mandibular incisors.

Methods: The study was designed as a crossover single-blind study. A total of 76 patients requiring endodontic intervention in at least 2 mandibular incisors participated in this trial. Read More

Aesthet Surg J 2020 Jan 30. Epub 2020 Jan 30.

Background: Microfocused ultrasound with visualization has become one of the more popular nonsurgical facial rejuvenation therapies available. Although the treatment has gained wide acceptance, providing adequate pain relief during the procedure may be challenging.

Objectives: We hypothesized that nerve blocks prior to treatment would be well-tolerated and significantly reduce patient discomfort. Read More

Ulus Travma Acil Cerrahi Derg 2020 Jan;26(1):109-114

Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Medicine, Muğla-Turkey.

Background: Hip fracture is a common clinical problem which causes severe pain in geriatric patients. However, severe pain following fracture may bring on mental disorders and delirium. A neuroinflammatory response with IL-6 and IL-8 has been shown to be associated with the pathophysiology of delirium. Read More

Front Neurosci 2019 6;13:1281. Epub 2019 Dec 6.

Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL, United States.

Results from a variety of sources indicate a role for pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) in light/glutamate-induced phase resetting of the circadian clock mediated by the retinohypothalamic tract (RHT). Attempts to block or remove PACAP's contribution to clock-resetting have generated phenotypes that differ in their responses to light or glutamate. For example, previous studies of circadian behaviors found that period-maintenance and early-night phase delays are intact in PACAP-null mice, yet there is a consistent deficit in behavioral phase-resetting to light stimulation in the late night. Read More

Neurol India 2019 Nov-Dec;67(6):1419-1422

Department of Neurosurgery, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, Karnataka, India.

Peripheral nerve injuries are a heterogeneous and distinct group of disorders that are secondary to various causes commonly including motor vehicle accidents, falls, industrial accidents, household accidents, and penetrating trauma. The earliest classification of nerve injuries was given by Seddon and Sunderland, which holds true till date and is commonly used. Neuropraxia, axonotmesis, and neurotmesis are the three main types of nerve injuries. Read More

BMC Anesthesiol 2019 12 17;19(1):230. Epub 2019 Dec 17.

Department of Orthopedics, Chengdu Aerospace Hospital, Chengdu, 610100, China.

Background: There is no consensus on the optimal anesthesia method for intertrochanteric fracture surgeries in elderly patients. Our study aimed to compare the hemodynamics and perioperative outcomes of general anesthesia with endotracheal intubation, combined spinal-epidural anesthesia, and general anesthesia with laryngeal mask airway (LMA) and nerve block for intertrochanteric fracture surgeries in elderly patients.

Methods: This is a retrospective study of 75 patients aged > 60 years scheduled for intertrochanteric fracture surgeries with general anesthesia with intubation (n = 25), combined spinal-epidural anesthesia (n = 25), and general anesthesia with LMA and nerve block (n = 25). Read More

Int J Implant Dent 2019 Nov 15;5(1):37. Epub 2019 Nov 15.

Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, Centre for Dental Medicine, University of Zurich, Plattenstrasse 11, 8032, Zurich, Switzerland.

Background: The aim of this study was to assess vestibular bone thickness of the mandible in relation to the mandibular canal and position of the mental foramen in relation to the neighbouring teeth. Measurements were performed on radiographic cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) images.

Methods: This retrospective study analysed 314 CBCTs, having been taken at the Clinic of Cranio-Maxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University of Zurich, Switzerland. Read More

J Endod 2019 Oct;45(10):1175-1183.e3

Department of Endodontics, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Introduction: This systematic review compared the anesthetic efficacy between Gow-Gates (GG), Vazirani-Akinosi (VA), and mental incisive (MI) nerve blocks (NBs) with inferior alveolar nerve blocks (IANBs) in mandibular teeth with irreversible pulpitis using meta-analysis and trial sequential analysis (TSA).

Methods: Studies were identified from 4 electronic databases up to June 2019. Randomized clinical trials (RCTs) comparing the anesthetic success rate of GG, VA, and MI NBs with IANBs in mandibular premolars and molars with irreversible pulpitis were included. Read More

BMC Geriatr 2019 09 11;19(1):252. Epub 2019 Sep 11.

Research and Development Centre, Skaraborg Hospital, Skövde, Sweden.

Background: Impaired cognition is a major risk factor for perioperative delirium. It is essential to provide good pain control in patients with hip fractures and especially important in patients with severely impaired cognitive status, as they receive less pain medication, have poorer mobility, poorer quality of life and higher mortality than patients with intact cognition. The purpose of this study was to examine the association between preoperative pain management with nerve blocks and cognitive status in patients with hip fractures during the perioperative period. Read More

Genes Brain Behav 2019 11 5;18(8):e12596. Epub 2019 Jul 5.

Psychiatric Imaging Group, Robert Steiner MRI Unit, MRC London Institute of Medical Sciences, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.

The disrupted-in-schizophrenia 1 (DISC1) protein has been implicated in a range of biological mechanisms underlying chronic mental disorders such as schizophrenia. Schizophrenia is associated with abnormal striatal dopamine signalling, and all antipsychotic drugs block striatal dopamine 2/3 receptors (D Rs). Importantly, the DISC1 protein directly interacts and forms a protein complex with the dopamine D receptor (D R) that inhibits agonist-induced D R internalisation. Read More

PLoS One 2019 1;14(7):e0219116. Epub 2019 Jul 1.

Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Background: Patients after total knee arthroplasty (TKA) often develop moderate to severe pain. This study compared the analgesic effect of low-dose epidural morphine vs. a comparable saline injection in patients following TKA surgery. Read More

Psychiatry Res 2019 08 12;278:218-227. Epub 2019 Jun 12.

Teaching Hospital of the Charite - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Center for Women's Mental Health, Vivantes Humboldt Klinik, Am Nordgraben 2, 13509, Berlin, Germany.

Previous studies on olfactory function in patients with bipolar disorder (BD) are limited and contradictory. The current study aimed to comprehensively analyze the olfactory function of patients with euthymic BD using psychophysical, electrophysiological and neuroimaging techniques. Twenty-one patients with BD in remission and 20 healthy controls were tested with the "Sniffin' Sticks" olfactory test. Read More

Sci Adv 2019 06 19;5(6):eaav9946. Epub 2019 Jun 19.

The Lundbeck Foundation Research Center MIND, Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, Denmark.

Neuropathic pain is a major incurable clinical problem resulting from peripheral nerve trauma or disease. A central mechanism is the reduced expression of the potassium chloride cotransporter 2 (KCC2) in dorsal horn neurons induced by brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), causing neuronal disinhibition within spinal nociceptive pathways. Here, we demonstrate how neurotensin receptor 2 (NTSR2) signaling impairs BDNF-induced spinal KCC2 down-regulation, showing how these two pathways converge to control the abnormal sensory response following peripheral nerve injury. Read More

JCI Insight 2019 Jun 20;4(12). Epub 2019 Jun 20.

Department of Neurology and.

Myasthenia gravis (MG) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by muscle weakness and caused by pathogenic autoantibodies that bind to membrane proteins at the neuromuscular junction. Most patients have autoantibodies against the acetylcholine receptor (AChR), but a subset of patients have autoantibodies against muscle-specific tyrosine kinase (MuSK) instead. MuSK is an essential component of the pathway responsible for synaptic differentiation, which is activated by nerve-released agrin. Read More

Indian J Dermatol 2019 May-Jun;64(3):251

Departments of Anesthesiology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin Research Institute of Anesthesiology, Tianjin 300052, PR China.

Background: Herpes zoster (HZ) is identified to induce postherpetic neuralgia (PHN) which is difficult to cure. PHN-related pain brings patients not only physical discomfort but also mental depression and anxiety. Currently, the main purpose of PHN treatment is to reduce patients' pain. Read More

J Vet Dent 2019 Mar;36(1):40-45

1 Rood and Riddle Equine Hospital, Lexington, KY, USA.

Regional anesthesia of the equine head is commonly performed to allow oral extraction of diseased teeth in the standing horse. The use of 4 blocks (infraorbital nerve, maxillary nerve, mental nerve, and mandibular nerve) is well documented for desensitization of dental quadrants for oral surgery for exodontia, but descriptions of associated complications are limited. A total of 270 regional nerve blocks were performed on 162 equine patients in a second opinion referral hospital setting. Read More

Acta Neuropathol 2019 08 6;138(2):275-293. Epub 2019 May 6.

Schaller Research Group at the University of Heidelberg, German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Im Neuenheimer Feld 581, 69120, Heidelberg, Germany.

Glioblastomas strongly invade the brain by infiltrating into the white matter along myelinated nerve fiber tracts even though the myelin protein Nogo-A prevents cell migration by activating inhibitory RhoA signaling. The mechanisms behind this long-known phenomenon remained elusive so far, precluding a targeted therapeutic intervention. This study demonstrates that the prevalent activation of AKT in gliomas increases the ER protein-folding capacity and enables tumor cells to utilize a side effect of RhoA activation: the perturbation of the IRE1α-mediated decay of SPARC mRNA. Read More

PLoS One 2019 10;14(4):e0213861. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience, University College London, London, United Kingdom.

Measuring whole-brain functional connectivity patterns based on task-free ('resting-state') spontaneous fluctuations in the functional MRI (fMRI) signal is a standard approach to probing habitual brain states, independent of task-specific context. This view is supported by spatial correspondence between task- and rest-derived connectivity networks. Yet, it remains unclear whether intrinsic connectivity observed in a resting-state acquisition is persistent during task. Read More

Hum Brain Mapp 2019 08 4;40(11):3222-3232. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Laboratory of Brain Functional Genomics (MOE&STCSM), Shanghai Changning-ECNU Mental Health Center, School of Psychology and Cognitive Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai, China.

Individuals in pain are motivated to be cooperative in social interaction. Yet, there has been little research on how pain dynamically affects cooperation at a neural level. The present study investigated the cooperative behavior under acute physical pain by asking dyads to complete three blocks of button-press cooperative task, while neural activities were recorded simultaneously on each subject by the fNIRS-based hyperscanning. Read More

Neural Regen Res 2019 Jun;14(6):1004-1012

Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu Province, China.

When watching someone performs an action, mirror neurons are activated in a way that is very similar to the activation that occurs when actually performing that action. Previous single-sample case studies indicate that hand-action observation training may lead to activation and remodeling of mirror neuron systems, which include important language centers, and may improve language function in aphasia patients. In this randomized-block-design experiment, we recruited 24 aphasia patients from, Zhongda Hospital, Southeast University, China. Read More

Psychophysiology 2019 06 7;56(6):e13343. Epub 2019 Feb 7.

LAMHESS, Université de Toulon, Toulon, France.

We aimed to determine the neurophysiological mechanisms associated with reduced endurance performance during cognitive-motor dual task at different levels of cognitive load, compared to a motor task alone. Eighteen healthy men performed isometric quadriceps contractions at 15% of maximal voluntary contraction (blocks of 170 s interspaced by neuromuscular evaluations) until exhaustion. This task was performed on three separate days: (a) in the absence of concomitant cognitive task, (b) with concomitant 1-back task, and (c) with concomitant 2-back task. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2019 Jan 16;25:460-465. Epub 2019 Jan 16.

Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Bishan District People's Hospital, Chongqing, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Ropivacaine is commonly used as an intercostal nerve block, but its effects on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) have not previously been investigated. This study aimed to examine the effects of the use of ropivacaine as an intercostal nerve block on early POCD, postoperative analgesia, and inflammation in patients following thoracotomy for esophageal cancer. MATERIAL AND METHODS One hundred patients with esophageal cancer undergoing thoracotomy were randomly divided into a group with intercostal nerve block (group A) (n=50) and a control group (group B) (n=50). Read More

Sci Rep 2019 01 15;9(1):121. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.

Determining the mechanism of action (MOA) of novel or naturally occurring compounds mostly relies on assays tailored for individual target proteins. Here we explore an alternative approach based on pattern matching response profiles obtained using cultured neuronal networks. Conolidine and cannabidiol are plant-derivatives with known antinociceptive activity but unknown MOA. Read More

J Cardiothorac Vasc Anesth 2019 Jun 14;33(6):1668-1672. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Department of Anesthesia and Pain Management, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Canada. Electronic address:

Objective(s): This study was designed to compare 2 different perioperative analgesia strategies with respect to the incidence of postoperative delirium after a transapical approach for transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR). The authors hypothesized that perioperative thoracic paravertebral analgesia with a local anesthetic would decrease opioid consumption and in turn reduce the incidence of postoperative delirium when compared with systemic opioid-based analgesia after a transapical TAVR procedure.

Design: Prospective, randomized controlled clinical trial. Read More

Homo 2018 Nov 24;69(6):335-339. Epub 2018 Nov 24.

Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, The University of Jordan, Amman 11942, Jordan.

Accurate information regarding the horizontal location and size of mental foramen (MF) has a well-known clinical importance. In addition, these variables have been reported to exhibit inter-population variation. The aims of the present study were to study the horizontal position and size of MF, as seen on cone beam CT (CBCT) images, and to assess sexual dimorphism in these variables. Read More

Nat Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2019 02;16(2):89-105

Florey Institute of Neuroscience and Mental Health, Parkville, Victoria, Australia.

The gastrointestinal tract has extensive, surgically accessible nerve connections with the central nervous system. This provides the opportunity to exploit rapidly advancing methods of nerve stimulation to treat gastrointestinal disorders. Bioelectric neuromodulation technology has considerably advanced in the past decade, but sacral nerve stimulation for faecal incontinence currently remains the only neuromodulation protocol in general use for a gastrointestinal disorder. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2019 Jun 16;23(6):2637-2649. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Section of Orofacial Pain and Jaw Function, Department of Dentistry and Oral Health, Aarhus University, Vennelyst Boulevard 9, DK-8000, Aarhus, Denmark.

Objectives: The aims were to use different techniques to assess the degree of sensory changes and magnitude of perceived size changes in the facial region induced by nerve blocks of two different trigeminal nerve branches in healthy participants.

Materials And Methods: This placebo-controlled study included 30 healthy volunteers. The participants underwent quantitative and qualitative sensory testing (QST and QualST) thrice: before, 10 min, and 2 h after mental (n = 15) and infraorbital (n = 15) nerve blocks and during control (saline) sessions. Read More

Neurogastroenterol Motil 2019 01 19;31(1):e13471. Epub 2018 Sep 19.

Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong University Cheeloo Medical College, Shandong, China.

Background: The effect of hydrogen sulfide (H S) on visceral nociception is elusive. The conflicting evidence of its pro- and antinociceptive effects raises a series of questions with respect to the effect of H S on colonic afferent activity and the underlying mechanism, which was further elucidated in this study.

Methods: Colonic mesenteric afferent nerve spikes of normal male C57BL/6J mice, Cbs mice, and Wistar rats were recorded in vitro. Read More

Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2018;97(4):77-81

North-Eastern federal university named after M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Rossia.

Dental health is one of the most important signs of life quality and depends on the level of health care organization. Recently the clinical odontology is intensively developing, including local anesthesia where constant searching of effective remedies and methods of suppression and treatment of pain is carried out. At the same time carrying out adequate local anesthesia has important practical value that is to some extent bound to massive visits of the patients to the clinics. Read More

Zhong Nan Da Xue Xue Bao Yi Xue Ban 2018 Aug;43(8):858-863

Key Laboratory of Biomedical Information Engineering, Ministry of Education; Institute of Biomedical Engineering, School of Life Science and Technology, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710054, China.

Objective: To observe the impacts of continuous lumbar plexus block (CLPB) on postoperative cognitive dysfunction (POCD) in elderly patients undergoing hip arthroplasty.
 Methods: Sixty elderly patients scheduled for hip arthroplasty with general anesthesia, were randomly allocated into a CLPB group and a PCIA group (n=30 each). In the CLPB group, lumbar plexus block was performed before trachea intubation, and CLPB was used for postoperative analgesia. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2018 11 8;36(11):2058-2060. Epub 2018 Aug 8.

Department of Anesthesiology, New York-Presbyterian Hospital/Weill Cornell Medicine, 525 East 68th Street, Box 124, New York, NY 10065, United States of America.

Objective: After medication failure, patients with refractory trigeminal neuralgia (TGN) often present urgently and seek more potent or invasive therapies such as opioids or surgical options. Peripheral nerve blocks, safe and simple, may offer extended pain relief prior to opioid use or more invasive ganglion level procedures.

Methods: We report a retrospective case-series (urgent care, at a large urban medical center, over a 2 year period) of nine patients with intractable primary TGN who underwent peripheral trigeminal nerve blocks after failing conservative medical therapy. Read More

J Am Dent Assoc 2019 01 14;150(1):e5. Epub 2018 Aug 14.

Asian J Psychiatr 2018 Oct 3;37:20-25. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bangalore, India.

OM chanting is an ancient technique of Indian meditation. OM chanting is associated with an experience of relaxation, changes in autonomic balance and deactivation of limbic brain regions. While functional localization is important, how brain regions interact with each other has been shown to underlie various brain functions. Read More

Vet Anaesth Analg 2018 Nov 19;45(6):839-848. Epub 2018 Jun 19.

Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Objective: To describe injectate diffusion for two equine mental foramen block techniques.

Study Design: Descriptive anatomic study.

Animals: A total of 12 equine heads and three live horses. Read More

J Physiol 2018 10 2;596(20):4969-4982. Epub 2018 Sep 2.

Laboratory of Synaptic Mechanisms, Brain Mind Institute, School of Life Science, École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne (EPFL), Lausanne, Switzerland.

Key Points: Neurons of the lateral superior olive (LSO) in the brainstem receive powerful glycinergic inhibition that originates from the contralateral ear, and that plays an important role in sound localization. We investigated the ultrastructural basis for strong inhibition of LSO neurons using serial block face scanning electron microscopy. The soma and the proximal dendrite of an LSO neuron are surrounded by a high density of inhibitory axons, whereas excitatory axons are much sparser. Read More

Med Sci Monit 2018 Jul 24;24:5132-5138. Epub 2018 Jul 24.

The First Hospital of Jiaxing, Jiaxing, Zhejiang, China (mainland).

BACKGROUND Refractory abdominal pain during menstruation severely affects patients' quality of life and simultaneously places enormous psychological burdens on patients and their families. Several treatments for secondary dysmenorrhea are available; however, none can permanently treat all types of secondary dysmenorrhea. Since pain is transmitted by the nerves, we hypothesized that a neurolytic block could be used as a treatment for refractory abdominal pain during menstruation. Read More

Minerva Anestesiol 2018 12 9;84(12):1361-1368. Epub 2018 Jul 9.

Department of Neuroanaesthesia and Neurocritical Care, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Bengaluru, India.

Background: Scalp block or local anesthetic infiltration for craniotomy blunts hemodynamic response to noxious stimuli, reduces opioid requirement and decreases postoperative pain. Analgesia Nociception Index (ANI) provides objective information about the magnitude of pain (rated from 0 to 100 with 0 indicating extreme nociception and 100 indicating absence of nociception) and adequacy of intra-operative analgesia. This study compared intra-operative fentanyl consumption guided by ANI and postoperative pain in patients who receive scalp block with those who receive incision-site local anesthetic infiltration for craniotomy. Read More

Clin Oral Investig 2019 Feb 7;23(2):839-845. Epub 2018 Jun 7.

Division of Endodontics, Department of Advanced Oral Sciences and Therapeutics, School of Dentistry, University of Maryland Baltimore, 650 West Baltimore Street, 4th floor, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to compare the onset, success rate, injection pain, and post-injection pain of mental/incisive nerve block (MINB) with that of inferior alveolar nerve block (IANB) using 4% articaine in mandibular premolars with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. The accuracy of electrical pulp test (EPT) in determining pulpal anesthesia was also examined.

Materials And Methods: The study was designed as a randomized clinical trial with two study arms-MINB and IANB. Read More

Pain Res Manag 2018 2;2018:5480728. Epub 2018 Apr 2.

Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, National Taiwan University Hospital Bei-Hu Branch, Taipei, Taiwan.

Orofacial myofascial pain is prevalent and most often results from entrapment of branches of the trigeminal nerves. It is challenging to inject branches of the trigeminal nerve, a large portion of which are shielded by the facial bones. Bony landmarks of the cranium serve as important guides for palpation-guided injections and can be delineated using ultrasound. Read More

Surg Radiol Anat 2018 Oct 25;40(10):1133-1139. Epub 2018 May 25.

Department of Periodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA.

Purpose: To determine the shape, position, vertical height, surrounding bone characteristics, and opening angle of mental foramen (MF) using dental cone beam computed tomography (CBCT).

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on 663 patients. CBCT records analyzed for the shape, position, and surrounding bone measurements of the MF using Simplant 3D software (Hasselt, Belgium). Read More

Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2018;97(2):41-43

Moscow State Medical and Dental University named after A.I. Evdokimov, Moscow, Russia, 127473.

The aim of the study was to prove the anatomical and clinical effectiveness of the modified anesthesia of mental nerve. The effectiveness of conductive anesthesia near the mental foramen was objectively evaluated using the electric pulp test (EPT) in 100 volunteers of both sexes, aged 35-43 years. Wet anterior mandible preparations obtained from 350 cadavers aged 18-74 years were also studied. Read More

J Neuroinflammation 2018 May 18;15(1):152. Epub 2018 May 18.

Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Key Laboratory of Anti-inflammatory and Immunopharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, People's Republic of China.

Background: Epilepsy is a common neurological disorder and is not well controlled by available antiepileptic drugs (AEDs). Inflammation is considered to be a critical factor in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Sinomenine (SN), a bioactive alkaloid with anti-inflammatory effect, exerts neuroprotective activity in many nervous system diseases. Read More

Nat Commun 2018 04 11;9(1):1399. Epub 2018 Apr 11.

Department of Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences, Stanford University, 401 Quarry Rd, St 1356, Stanford, CA, 94305, USA.

Little is known about how our brains dynamically adapt for efficient functioning. Most previous work has focused on analyzing changes in co-fluctuations between a set of brain regions over several temporal segments of the data. We argue that by collapsing data in space or time, we stand to lose useful information about the brain's dynamical organization. Read More

Vet Anaesth Analg 2018 May 1;45(3):357-365. Epub 2018 Feb 1.

Department of Statistics, College of Natural Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, USA.

Objectives: To characterize the anatomy of the mental foramen and determine associations with age, weight, sex and breed.

Study Design: Retrospective descriptive study.

Animals: Forty-one horses, 0. Read More