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Urolithiasis 2019 Apr 16. Epub 2019 Apr 16.

Department of Medicine/Division of Nephrology, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Avenue, Milwaukee, WI, 53226, USA.

Urine proteins are thought to control calcium oxalate stone formation, but over 1000 proteins have been reported in stone matrix obscuring their relative importance. Proteins critical to stone formation should be present at increased relative abundance in stone matrix compared to urine, so quantitative protein distribution data were obtained for stone matrix compared to prior urine proteome data. Matrix proteins were isolated from eight stones (> 90% calcium oxalate content) by crystal dissolution and further purified by ultradiafiltration (> 10 kDa membrane). Read More

Kidney Int Rep 2019 Apr 29;4(4):535-540. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

Department of Epidemiology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington, USA.

Background: Nephrolithiasis is a complex phenotype influenced by both genetic and environmental factors. Previously we found a genetic component to stone disease using a sample of male twin pairs. We now report on the genetic contribution to stones in a sample of female and male twin pairs. Read More

Urologe A 2019 Apr 12. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Klinik und Poliklinik für Urologie, Universitätsklinikum, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität Jena, Jena, Deutschland.

The focus of this work is on aspects of the current management of recurrent nephrolithiasis in private practices and outpatient departments in Germany. We wanted to make a contribution to the epidemiological discourse as well as for an instrument for the self-reflection and complex classification of urolithiasis in everyday practice by a first-time determination of population-based, age- and gender-based data based on the full recording of urological diagnoses and treatments in the federal accounting setting. The analysis of the taken positions in this representative practice survey prove to some extent information and experience deficits in the handling of complicated nephrolithiasis. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):303-313. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Urology, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.

Diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up are all influential in determining the overall cost to the health care system for kidney stones. New innovations in the field of nephrolithiasis have been abundant, including disposable ureteroscopes, ultrasound-guided approaches to percutaneous nephrolithotomy, and advanced laser lithotripters. Identifying cost-effective treatment strategies encourages practitioners to be thoughtful about providing value-based high-quality care and remains on important principle in the treatment of urinary stone disease. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):287-301. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology, Columbia University Medical Center, New York Presbyterian Hospital, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, 11th Floor, New York, NY 10032, USA. Electronic address:

Nephrolithiasis is an increasingly common condition worldwide and mobile technology is revolutionizing how patients with kidney stone are being diagnosed and managed. Emerging platforms include software applications to increase adherence to stone prevention, mobile compatible hardware, online social media communities, and telemedicine. Applications and hardware specifically relevant to increasing hydration, diet modification, medication adherence, and rapid diagnosis (ie, mobile ultrasound and endoscopy) have the greatest potential to reduce stone recurrence and expedite treatment. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):273-285. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine, University of Washington, 1959 Northeast Pacific Street, Box 356510, Seattle, WA 98195, USA.

This article reviews new advances in ultrasound technology for urinary stone disease. Recent research to facilitate the diagnosis of nephrolithiasis, including use of the twinkling signal and posterior acoustic shadow, have helped to improve the use of ultrasound examination for detecting and sizing renal stones. New therapeutic applications of ultrasound technology for stone disease have emerged, including ultrasonic propulsion to reposition stones and burst wave lithotripsy to fragment stones noninvasively. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):265-272. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Electronic address:

Patients with nephrolithiasis are exposed to significant quantities of ionizing radiation with the potential to cause secondary malignancy. This risk is magnified by the high recurrence rate of nephrolithiasis. In this article, we identify the risks of ionizing radiation as they pertain to patients with nephrolithiasis. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May;46(2):225-243

Department of Urology, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda University Medical Center, 11234 Anderson Street, Room A560, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA. Electronic address:

Although advances in percutaneous nephrolithotomy have occurred, the initial renal access remains a challenging and high-risk step. This risk and technical difficulty have resulted in a minority of urologists obtaining their own access. Therefore, continued innovation in access techniques that simplify the procedure, lower risk, and reduce radiation exposure is needed. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):215-223. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology, Indiana University, Methodist Hospital, 1801 Senate Boulevard, Suite 220, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. Electronic address:

This comprehensive review updates the advances in extracorporeal lithotripsy, including improvements in external shockwave lithotripsy and innovations in ultrasound based lithotripsy, such as burst wave lithotripsy, ultrasonic propulsion, and histotripsy. Advances in endoscopic technology and training have changed the surgical approach to nephrolithiasis; however, improvements and innovations in extracorporeal lithotripsy maintain its status as an excellent option in appropriately selected patients. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May 4;46(2):193-205. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Department of Urology, University of Michigan, NCRC Building 16, Room 114W, 2800 Plymouth Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.

Next-generation holmium laser systems provide the user with a range of parameters that can help optimize fragmentation efficiency. Ureteroscopic strategies broadly consist of fragmentation with active retrieval, or dusting, which uses low pulse energy settings to break stones into fine fragments for spontaneous passage. Techniques for dusting include dancing, chipping, and popcorning. Read More

Urol Clin North Am 2019 May;46(2):175-184

Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 394 Mayo, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. Electronic address:

Disposable stone retrieval devices are an inherent element of modern-day stone management. Efforts are being made in several different areas to improve the efficiency of stone removal. Ureteral access sheaths with pressure control features as well as suction capabilities are being explored as one such mechanism. Read More

Urolithiasis 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

Center for Pediatric Clinical Effectiveness, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA.

Previous studies assumed a uniform relationship between heat and kidney stone presentations. Determining whether sex and other characteristics modify the temperature dependence of kidney stone presentations has implications for explaining differences in nephrolithiasis prevalence and improving projections of the effect of climate change on nephrolithiasis. We performed an aggregated case-crossover study among 132,597 children and adults who presented with nephrolithiasis to 68 emergency departments throughout South Carolina from 1997 to 2015. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(11):e14535

Peking University China-Japan Friendship School of Clinical Medicine.

To assess the clinical effect of miniaturized percutaneous nephrolithotomy (MPCNL) and flexible ureteroscopy lithotripsy (FURL) for the treatment of renal and proximal ureteral calculi of ≤2 cm.A retrospective analysis was carried out on clinical data of 106 patients with kidney or upper urethral calculi. Among these patients, 58 underwent the MPCNL, and 48 received FURL. Read More

Arh Hig Rada Toksikol 2018 Dec;69(4):286-303

Molecular Toxicology Unit, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia.

Chloride/formate exchanger (CFEX; SLC26A6) mediates oxalate transport in various mammalian organs. Studies in Cfex knockout mice indicated its possible role in development of male-dominant hyperoxaluria and oxalate urolithiasis. Rats provide an important model for studying this pathophysiological condition, but data on Cfex (rCfex) localisation and regulation in their organs are limited. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Apr 13. Epub 2019 Apr 13.

Department of Urologic Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.

Introduction: Current American Urological Association guidelines recommend ureteroscopy (URS) as primary management of distal ureteral stones and shock wave lithotripsy (SWL) as a secondary option. Utilization of SWL in the management of nephrolithiasis in North America has decreased. We hypothesized that SWL continues to be an effective option in the management of distal ureteral calculi and studied data from our center in patients who received SWL for distal ureteral stones. Read More

Can Assoc Radiol J 2019 Mar 7. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

NYU Winthrop-University Hospital, Mineola, New York, USA.

There has been a substantial increase in the utilization of imaging, particularly of multi-detector computed tomography (MDCT), for the evaluation of patients with suspected urolithiasis over the past 2 decades. While the diagnostic accuracy of computed tomography (CT) for urolithiasis is excellent, it has also resulted in substantial medical expenditures and increased ionizing radiation exposure. This is especially concerning in patients with known nephrolithiasis and in younger patients. Read More

J Vet Intern Med 2019 Mar 9;33(2):758-763. Epub 2019 Mar 9.

Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota.

Background: There are abnormalities in vitamin D metabolism in people with calcium nephrolithiasis, but limited data are available on vitamin D status in dogs with calcium oxalate (CaOx) urolithiasis.

Objective: To compare serum concentrations of vitamin D metabolites in dogs with and without hypercalciuric CaOx urolithiasis.

Animals: Thirty-eight dogs with (n = 19) and without (n = 19) a history of CaOx urolithiasis and hypercalciuria. Read More

Urolithiasis 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

U.O.C. Nefrologia, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Via G. Moscati 31, 00168, Roma, Italy.

Currently an evidence-based approach to nephrolithiasis is hampered by a lack of randomized controlled trials. Thus, there is a need for common platforms for data sharing and recruitment of patients to interventional studies. A first step in achieving this objective would be to share practice methods and protocols for subsequent standardization in what is still a heterogeneous clinical field. Read More

Urol Int 2019 Mar 7:1-6. Epub 2019 Mar 7.

University Hospital for Urology, Klinikum Oldenburg, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Carl von Ossietzky University Oldenburg, Oldenburg, Germany,

Objective: To examine and predicting stone-free rates (SFRs) after minimally invasive-percutaneous nephrolithotomy (mini-PNL) based on computed tomography (CT), instead of X-ray or ultrasound control.

Patients And Methods: We identified 146 mini-PNL patients with pre- and postoperative CT scans. Patient and stone characteristics were assessed. Read More

Urolithiasis 2019 Feb 23. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital Leipzig, Liebigstr. 20, 04103, Leipzig, Germany.

Loss-of-function mutations of SLC34A3 represent an established cause of a distinct renal phosphate wasting disorder termed hereditary hypophosphatemic rickets with hypercalciuria (HHRH). SLC34A3 encodes the renal phosphate transporter NaPi2c expressed at the apical brush border of proximal renal tubules. Substitution of p. Read More

Hum Genet 2019 Mar 18;138(3):211-219. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Medicine, Harvard Medical School, Boston Children's Hospital, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA, 02115, USA.

Nephrolithiasis (NL) affects 1 in 11 individuals worldwide and causes significant patient morbidity. We previously demonstrated a genetic cause of NL can be identified in 11-29% of pre-dominantly American and European stone formers. Pakistan, which resides within the Afro-Asian stone belt, has a high prevalence of nephrolithiasis (12%) as well as high rate of consanguinity (> 50%). Read More

Urologiia 2018 Oct(4):154-160

I.M. Sechenov First MSMU of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

The article presents pooled results of domestic and international studies investigating genetic aspects of urolithiasis associated with impaired calcium metabolism. The review highlights the importance of early and accurate diagnosis of hereditary diseases associated with kidney stone formation. Of more than 80 currently known monogenic forms of urolithiasis, the authors provide the list of the most significant forms. Read More

Urologiia 2018 Oct(4):96-101

N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology branch of the NMRRC of Minzdrav of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

Aim: To compare the results of a single tract versus multi-tract percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PNL) MATERIALS AND METHODS: Over a period of 6 years, a total of 2,264 PNLs was performed at the N.A. Lopatkin Scientific Research Institute of Urology and Interventional Radiology, of which 875 PNLs were done for stage K3-K4 staghorn calculi. Read More

J Urol 2019 03;201(3):438

J Urol 2019 03;201(3):437-438

J Urol 2019 03;201(3):436-437

Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 2019 Mar;49(2):157-174

The Animal Medical Center, 510 East 62nd Street, New York, NY 10065, USA.

Nephroliths are often clinically silent. When non-obstructive and of an amenable stone type, dissolution should be attempted. When problematic, nephrolithotomy can be considered. Read More

Cochrane Database Syst Rev 2019 02 6;2:CD012703. Epub 2019 Feb 6.

Department of Urology, University of Minnesota, 420 Delaware Street SE, MMC 394, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.

Background: Ureteroscopy combined with laser stone fragmentation and basketing is a common approach for managing renal and ureteral stones. This procedure is associated with some degree of ureteral trauma. Ureteral trauma may lead to swelling, ureteral obstruction, and flank pain and may require subsequent interventions such as hospital admission or secondary ureteral stent placement. Read More

Ren Fail 2019 Nov;41(1):34-41

a Department of Nephrology , Shanghai Changhai Hospital , Shanghai , China.

Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1), an NAD-dependent deacylase, has been identified to be associated with renal tubular inflammatory conditions and metabolic disorders, which are risk factors of nephrolithiasis. To further confirm the role of the SIRT1 in kidney stone formation, the expression of SIRT1 was analyzed based on a mouse model and the genetic polymorphisms of SIRT1 gene was compared between patients with kidney stones and controls. The calcium oxalate (CaOx) crystal-induced renal injury model was established to analyzed the expression of SIRT1 in the kidney tissue of both wild-type and ApoE(-/-) mice. Read More

J Nephrol 2019 Jan 24. Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Department of Internal Medicine, and Charles and Jane Pak Center for Mineral Metabolism and Clinical Research, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA.

A symposium on kidney stones and mineral metabolism held on December 2017 in Brussels, Belgium was the first international multidisciplinary conference of the International Collaborative Network on Kidney Stones and Mineral Metabolism. This meeting addressed epidemiology, underlying pathophysiological mechanisms, genetics, pathological, as well as clinical and research topics. The participants included clinicians and recognized experts in the field from Europe and the United States interacted closely during the symposium which promoted a chance to explore new frontiers in the field of kidney stone disease. Read More

Nutrients 2019 Jan 24;11(2). Epub 2019 Jan 24.

Sorbonne Université, Service d'Explorations Fonctionnelles Multidisciplinaires, AP-HP, Hôpital Tenon, 75020 Paris, France.

Green tea is widely used as a ''healthy'' beverage due to its high level of antioxidant polyphenol compounds. However tea is also known to contain significant amount of oxalate. The objective was to determine, in a cross-sectional observational study among a population of 273 hypercalciuric stone-formers referred to our center for metabolic evaluation, whether daily green tea drinkers ( = 41) experienced increased stone risk factors (especially for oxalate) compared to non-drinkers. Read More

Urolithiasis 2019 Feb 23;47(1):35-42. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Royal Free Hospital/Medical School, Centre for Nephrology, University College London, London, NW3 2PF, UK.

The proximal tubule is responsible for reclaiming water, phosphates and amino acids from the tubular filtrate. There are genetic defects in both phosphate and amino acid transporters leading to nephrolithiasis. This review also explores genetic defects in regulators of phosphate and calcium transport in this nephron segment that lead to stone formation. Read More

J Endourol 2019 Mar 21;33(3):235-241. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

2 Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care, Faculty of Medicine, Medical Center-University of Freiburg, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate renal pelvic pressures during percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) in the standard, mini, and ultramini PCNL systems.

Methods: We studied an ultramini PCNL system (UMP, outer shaft diameter 13F), a mini PCNL system (MPCNL, shaft 18F, nephroscope 12F), and a standard PCNL system (SPCNL, shaft 27F, nephroscope 24F). Pressure profiles were first investigated in an open model setup, subsequently in a closed model, and finally in an ex vivo porcine kidney. Read More

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 2018 ;109(1):54-57

The Department of Urology, Osaka Police Hospital.

We report a case of lithiasis of the left ectopic pelvic kidney. A 70-year-old man was admitted to our department for left lower back pain. He has been aware of gross hematuria since three or four years before. Read More

Nihon Hinyokika Gakkai Zasshi 2018 ;109(1):50-53

Department of Urology, Toyohashi Municipal Hospital.

A 77-year-old man with a right kidney stone was admitted to our hospital. A ureteroscope was introduced into the ureter without dilation under direct vision. We then performed flexible transurethral lithotripsy (f-TUL) using a ureteral access sheath and successfully fragmented the stone and extracted almost all the stone fragments without any complications. Read More

J Urol 2019 04;201(4):661

J Urol 2019 04;201(4):663-664

J Urol 2019 04;201(4):662-663

J Urol 2019 02;201(2):356-357

CDC Zdorovie, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.

J Urol 2019 02;201(2):356

Department of Urology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee.

J Urol 2019 02;201(2):224

J Urol 2019 02;201(2):223

Pediatr Nephrol 2019 Jan 4. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Department of Pediatrics, Schulich School of Medicine & Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, N6A 5W9, Canada.

Background: The incidence of nephrolithiasis in children and adolescents is increasing and appears to double every 10 years. The most important role of the pediatric nephrologist is to diagnose and modify various metabolic and non-metabolic risk factors, as well as prevent long-term complications especially in the case of recurrent nephrolithiasis.

Objective: The purpose of this review is to summarize the existing literature on the etiology and management of pediatric nephrolithiasis. Read More

Nat Commun 2019 01 3;10(1):29. Epub 2019 Jan 3.

Department of Epidemiology, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill, NC, 27516-8050, USA.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) affects ~10% of the global population, with considerable ethnic differences in prevalence and aetiology. We assemble genome-wide association studies of estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), a measure of kidney function that defines CKD, in 312,468 individuals of diverse ancestry. We identify 127 distinct association signals with homogeneous effects on eGFR across ancestries and enrichment in genomic annotations including kidney-specific histone modifications. Read More

Free Radic Biol Med 2018 Dec 29;134:9-22. Epub 2018 Dec 29.

Department and Institute of Urology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei, China.

Hyperoxaluria induces oxidative stress, and inflammation causes renal epithelial cell injury in nephrolithiasis, suggesting that reduced oxalate toxicity may be beneficial. This study aimed to investigate whether nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 (Nrf2, also called Nfe2l2) induced by dimethyl fumarate (DMF) could protect renal epithelial cells against oxalate-mediated injury both in vivo and in vitro. Glyoxylic acid monohydrate was intraperitoneally injected into Sprague-Dawley rats with or without intragastric administration of DMF. Read More

Drug Healthc Patient Saf 2018 12;10:103-108. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Infectious Disease Research Center, Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand, Iran,

Background: Ceftriaxone (CTX) is widely used for the treatment of bacterial infections; however, side effects such as gallstone and nephrolithiasis have been reported in children. There is limited information about urinary tract calculi as CTX side effects in adults. Therefore, the present study was aimed to evaluate the incidence of gallstone and nephrolithiasis following CTX administration. Read More

J Urol 2019 01;201(1):187-188

Service d'Urologie, Hôpital Tenon, Assistance publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Groupe de Recherche Clinique sur la Lithiase Urinaire, Sorbonne Université, Paris, France.

J Urol 2019 01;201(1):24-25

J Urol 2019 01;201(1):24

Transplant Proc 2018 Dec 29;50(10):3950-3953. Epub 2018 May 29.

Kidney Transplantation, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy; Department of Clinical Sciences and Community Health, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. Electronic address:

Increasing demand drives the expansion of criteria for kidney donation, and nephrolithiasis is now considered a relative contraindication. We report for the first time a case of intra-operative, postperfusion kidney allograft micronephrolithotomy. A 64-year-old man with end-stage renal disease secondary to Alport syndrome underwent primary deceased donor kidney transplantation at our center. Read More