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F1000Res 2023 29;12:1045. Epub 2023 Aug 29.

Department of Nephrology, Osaka Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Takatsuki, Japan.

Immunoglobulin G4 (IgG4)-related disease is a systemic inflammatory disorder characterized by tubulointerstitial nephritis with IgG4-positive plasma cell infiltration. We report the case of an 84-year-old male who presented with a history of dyspnea on exertion and cough. The lymph nodes were palpated in the axilla. Read More

Ren Fail 2023 19;45(2):2236234. Epub 2023 Sep 19.

Department of Paediatrics, Jinling HospitalSchool of Medicine, Nanjing University, Nanjing, P.R. China.

Background: Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a relatively rare cause of acute kidney injury (AKI) in children. Immune complex (IC) deposition was rare in renal pathology of AIN.

Methods: Based on the status and position of IC deposition, a total of 78 children with AIN were divided into two groups: the non-IC group and IC group. Read More

Cureus 2023 Sep 14;15(9):e45261. Epub 2023 Sep 14.

Internal Medicine, Larkin Community Hospital, Hialeah, USA.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) involves a rapid decline in kidney function, classified into prerenal, intrarenal, and postrenal causes. Drug-induced AKI's complex pathophysiology includes altered hemodynamics, inflammation, crystal deposition, hemolysis, and rhabdomyolysis. This report details a 42-year-old female with hypertension and diabetes who, following a dog bite, exhibited reduced kidney function (GFR: 16 ​​mL/min/1. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2023 Sep 12;16(9). Epub 2023 Sep 12.

Department of Nephrology, Mater Hospital Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia.

Acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a common cause of acute kidney injury and renal failure. It is typically drug induced but can also be idiopathic or secondary to chronic infective or inflammatory conditions. Recent case reports suggest vedolizumab can be a causative agent for AIN. Read More

Vet Pathol 2023 Sep 8:3009858231196860. Epub 2023 Sep 8.

University of California, Davis, CA.

The roster of amdoparvoviruses (APVs) in small carnivores is growing rapidly, but in most cases, the consequences of infection are poorly understood. Red panda amdoparvovirus (RPAV) is highly prevalent in zoo-housed red pandas and has been detected in both healthy and sick animals. Clarifying the clinical impact of RPAV in this endangered species is critical, and zoological collections offer a unique opportunity to examine viral disease association in carefully managed populations. Read More

Clin J Am Soc Nephrol 2023 Sep 6. Epub 2023 Sep 6.

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas.

Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) is an epidemic of kidney disease affecting specific tropical and subtropical regions worldwide and is characterized by progressive CKD in the absence of traditional risk factors, such as hypertension and diabetes. CINAC prevalence is higher among young, male agricultural workers, but it also affects women, children, and nonagricultural workers in affected areas. Biopsies from patients with CINAC across regions commonly demonstrate tubular injury with lysosomal aggregates, tubulointerstitial inflammation, and fibrosis and variable glomerular changes. Read More

Front Nephrol 2023 27;3:1043874. Epub 2023 Feb 27.

CMID-Nephrology and Dialysis Unit (ERK-net, ERN-Reconnect and RITA-ERN Member), San Giovanni Bosco Hub Hospital and Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy.

Introduction: The introduction of innovative therapies, resulting from revisiting cancer as a disease of the immune system, has changed the scenario of complications. These new classes of drugs, such as targeted therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors, assure substantial advantages in cancer therapy, despite some side effects affecting various organs, including the kidney. Histological evaluations of kidney disorders induced by targeted/immunotherapy are limited. Read More

Front Nephrol 2022 19;2:1017921. Epub 2022 Oct 19.

Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, United States.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are used increasingly to treat more than 17 cancers and have shown promising therapeutic results. However, ICI use can result in a variety of immune-related adverse events (IRAEs) which can occur in any organ, including the kidneys. Acute kidney injury (AKI) is the most common nephrotoxicity, classically related to acute interstitial nephritis. Read More

SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2023 31;11:2050313X231197324. Epub 2023 Aug 31.

Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.

The common histopathology of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis comprises pauci-immune crescentic glomerulonephritis with concomitant tubulointerstitial nephritis. Tubulointerstitial nephritis in the absence of glomerular involvement in patients with antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis is uncommon. We report a case of antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitis-associated acute kidney injury manifesting as tubulointerstitial nephritis without glomerulonephritis. Read More

Intern Med 2023 Sep 1. Epub 2023 Sep 1.

Department of Gastroenterology, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Japan.

This report describes the case of a 76-year-old man with ulcerative colitis who developed interstitial nephritis after starting 5-aminosalicylic acid (5-ASA) therapy. The patient experienced an initial improvement in symptoms, but developed fatigue, anorexia, and severe renal dysfunction 2.5 months later. Read More

J Pathol 2023 Aug 31. Epub 2023 Aug 31.

Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, IIS-Fundación Jiménez Díaz-Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain.

Rapidly progressive/crescentic glomerulonephritis (RPGN/CGN) involves the formation of glomerular crescents by maladaptive differentiation of parietal epithelial cells that leads to rapid loss of renal function. The molecular mechanisms of crescent formation are poorly understood. Therefore, new insights into molecular mechanisms could identify alternative therapeutic targets for RPGN/CGN. Read More

Int Urol Nephrol 2023 Aug 30. Epub 2023 Aug 30.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, International University of Health and Welfare, 13-1 Higashi-Kaigan-Cho, Atami, Shizuoka, 413-8790, Japan.

Cureus 2023 Jul 26;15(7):e42469. Epub 2023 Jul 26.

Pathology, Souss Massa University Hospital, Agadir, MAR.

Primary hyperoxaluria (PH) is a rare genetic condition that disrupts the normal process of glyoxylate metabolism, resulting in an overproduction of oxalate. This excessive oxalate production leads to the accumulation of calcium oxalate (known as oxalosis) throughout various organs in the body. The urinary tract, specifically the renal parenchyma, is the first location where the deposition of calcium oxalate begins in PH. Read More

Autoimmun Rev 2023 Aug 24:103422. Epub 2023 Aug 24.

Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Turin, Turin, Italy; Unit of Rheumatology, Department of Medicine, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.

Baseline kidney biopsy is recommended in lupus nephritis (LN). Biopsy allows to classify different forms of LN and differentiate other forms of renal involvement, such as tubulo-interstitial nephritis or thrombotic microangiopathy. The indications for repeat biopsy are more controversial. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2023 Aug 4;59(8). Epub 2023 Aug 4.

Institute of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia.

Current data suggest that aristolochic acid (AA) exposure is a putative cause of Balkan endemic nephropathy (BEN), a chronic kidney disease strongly associated with upper tract urothelial carcinoma. The cellular metabolism of AA is associated with the production of reactive oxygen species, resulting in oxidative distress. Therefore, the aim of this study was to analyze individual, combined and cumulative effect of antioxidant gene polymorphisms ( rs6721961, rs1048290, rs1695, rs1138272, rs8177412 and rs1045642), as well as haplotypes with the risk for BEN development and associated urothelial cell carcinoma in 209 BEN patients and 140 controls from endemic areas. Read More

Inflammopharmacology 2023 Oct 25;31(5):2161-2172. Epub 2023 Aug 25.

Experimental Medicine Research Group, Department Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, Parow, South Africa.

Up to 50% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients world-wide develop lupus nephritis (LN). In low to middle income countries and in particular in sub-Saharan Africa, where SLE is prevalent with a more aggressive course, LN and end stage renal disease is a major cause of mortality. While developed countries have the funding to invest in SLE and LN research, patients of African descent are often underrepresented in clinical trials. Read More

BMC Pediatr 2023 Aug 24;23(1):423. Epub 2023 Aug 24.

Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi Province, China.

Background: IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN) and IgA nephropathy (IgAN) share several clinical and pathological characteristics, though distinctions also exist. Their interrelation, however, remains undefined. This study investigates the clinicopathological divergences and prognostic disparities in pediatric patients with IgAVN and IgAN. Read More

BMC Vet Res 2023 Aug 23;19(1):131. Epub 2023 Aug 23.

College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, China.

Background: Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a common cause of morbidity and mortality in captive wildlife species. However, CKD has been rarely documented in giant pandas.

Case Presentation: The following report describes a case of an eight-year-old female giant panda showing clinical signs of epistaxis, bloody diarrhea, polyuria, azotemia and anemia. Read More

Nephron 2023 Aug 23. Epub 2023 Aug 23.

TINU syndrome is a rare, immune-mediated entity, characterized by oculorenal inflammation. Diagnosis requires exclusion of all other causes of tubulointerstitial nephritis (TIN). We present six patients with clinical, laboratory and renal biopsy findings denotative of TINU syndrome. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2023 Aug 18;24(1):242. Epub 2023 Aug 18.

Department of Nephrology, Molecular Cell Lab for Kidney Disease, Shanghai Peritoneal Dialysis Research Center, Uremia Diagnosis and Treatment Center, Ren Ji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 160 Pujian Road, Shanghai, 200127, China.

Background: Extraglomerular immune complex deposition is rare and only a few membranous nephropathy cases with tubular basement membrane deposits have been reported following allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.

Case Presentation: We reported a 56-year-old man with increased serum creatinine after allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation who underwent a renal biopsy. Tubular interstitial nephritis was identified on light microscope. Read More

Intern Med 2023 15;62(16):2381-2387. Epub 2023 Aug 15.

Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Japan.

We herein report a case of acute kidney injury (AKI) presenting as acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) after the first dose of the BNT162b2 mRNA vaccine against coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). A 69-year-old man with a history of diabetes and hypertension presented with AKI 4 days after receiving the vaccine. Despite the administration of methylprednisolone pulse treatment, his renal function worsened, which prompted us to initiate temporal hemodialysis. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2023 Aug 15;24(1):237. Epub 2023 Aug 15.

Division of Gastroenterology and Nephrology, Tottori University Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Tottori, 683-8504, Japan.

Background: Renal tubular acidosis is the principal clinical feature associated with tubulointerstitial nephritis in patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome. Renal tubular dysfunction due to interstitial nephritis has been considered the underlying pathophysiology connecting renal tubular acidosis and primary Sjögren's syndrome. However, the detailed mechanisms underlying the pathophysiology of renal tubular acidosis in primary Sjögren's syndrome is not fully understood. Read More

J Nephrol 2023 Aug 14. Epub 2023 Aug 14.

Nephrology, Dialysis, Apheresis Unit, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nîmes, Nîmes, France.

Cureus 2023 Jul 12;15(7):e41781. Epub 2023 Jul 12.

Department of Hematology and Oncology, University of California Irvine Medical Center, Orange, USA.

Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) as standard of care have revolutionized the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma. The combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab improves treatment efficacy and prolongs survival compared to monotherapy alone. However, combination therapy is also associated with an increased incidence of adverse events. Read More

Cureus 2023 Jul 13;15(7):e41839. Epub 2023 Jul 13.

Internal Medicine, Suburban Community Hospital (Lower Bucks Hospital), Bristol, USA.

Whipple's disease is a rare systemic disease caused by a infection. Although older literature reports a low rate of incidence, case reports continue to rise due to increased awareness of the disease. Classic Whipple's disease presents as weight loss, diarrhea, and arthralgia and may involve the heart, central nervous system (CNS), or any other organ system. Read More

Lung Cancer 2023 Oct 9;184:107325. Epub 2023 Aug 9.

Department of Medical Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, 305 Grattan St, Melbourne, Australia; Sir Peter MacCallum Department of Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia; The Royal Melbourne Hospital, 300 Grattan Street, Parkville, Australia.

Background: The use of immune checkpoint inhibitors has altered therapeutic paradigms in NSCLC. However, they may cause immune-related toxicities, including acute kidney injury (irAKI), especially when combined with nephrotoxic agents. We investigated the incidence, management and outcomes of AKI in Australian NSCLC patients. Read More

Clin Nephrol 2023 Oct;100(4):177-180

Sarcoidosis is a multisystem inflammatory disease that most frequently affects the lungs, lymph nodes, eyes, and skin. Renal involvement is clinically rare. We describe a 72-year-old male who presented with chronic kidney disease and elevated serum calcium and angiotensin-converting enzyme. Read More

Clin Nephrol 2023 Aug 7. Epub 2023 Aug 7.

Front Med (Lausanne) 2023 20;10:1020691. Epub 2023 Jul 20.

Department of Nephrology and Rheumatology, University Medical Center Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Background: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) are novel drugs targeting programmed cell death protein 1-ligand 1 (PD-L1) or its receptor (PD-1). Enhancing the immune system has also been associated with a wide range of immune-related adverse events (irAE). Among them, acute interstitial nephritis (AIN) is a rare but deleterious irAE in the kidney. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2023 28;2023:6107911. Epub 2023 Jul 28.

Renal Division, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.

Objective: Modified C-reactive protein (mCRP) is known to be involved in the upregulation and amplification of the local inflammatory response. This study investigated the circulating and local levels of mCRP and their relevance to clinicopathological features in patients with lupus nephritis.

Methods: Ninety-five patients with renal biopsy-proven lupus nephritis and 30 normal controls were enrolled in this study. Read More