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JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2022 Aug;148(8):789-791

Department of Stomatology, Public Oral Health and Forensic Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.

Cureus 2022 Apr 14;14(4):e24136. Epub 2022 Apr 14.

Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Children's Hospital and Medical Center, Omaha, USA.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a rare, benign disease that affects any area containing minor salivary glands. This entity presents a diagnostic difficulty due to its resemblance to malignancy. A unique case of bilateral asynchronous necrotizing sialometaplasia with superinfection secondary to trauma is described in this study. Read More

Head Neck Pathol 2022 Mar 21;16(1):54-62. Epub 2022 Mar 21.

Department of Oral Pathology, Faculty of Dental Sciences, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

The fifth chapter of the upcoming fifth edition of the 2022 World Health Organization Classification of Tumours of the Head and Neck titled Tumours of the oral cavity and mobile tongue, has had some modifications from the 2017 fourth edition. A new section "Non-neoplastic Lesions", introduces two new entries: necrotizing sialometaplasia and melanoacanthoma. The combined Oral potentially malignant disorders and Oral epithelial dysplasia section in the 2015 WHO has now been separated and submucous fibrosis and HPV-associated dysplasia are also discussed in separate sections. Read More

Ann Med Surg (Lond) 2022 Feb 3;74:103225. Epub 2022 Jan 3.

Oral surgery department, Faculty of Dental Medicine-Rabat, Mohammed V University of Rabat, Morocco.

Introduction: Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NSM) is a benign, self-limiting, inflammatory disease of salivary glands, mainly involving the minor salivary glands in the palate. This lesion can mimic a malignant neoplasm, both clinically and histopathologically, manifesting as a submucosal swelling or as an ulcer of the palate. We illustrate our work with a case of necrotizing sialometaplasia misdiagnosed as carcinoma. Read More

Oral Oncol 2021 07 20;118:105349. Epub 2021 May 20.

Department of Clinical and Preventive Dentistry, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco (UFPE), Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil; Oral Diagnosis Department, Piracicaba Dental School, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Piracicaba, São Paulo, Brazil. Electronic address:

Autops Case Rep 2021 Apr 15;11:e2021244. Epub 2021 Apr 15.

Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Faculdade de Odontologia de Piracicaba, Departamento de Diagnóstico Oral, Piracicaba, SP, Brasil.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is a benign, self-limiting inflammatory entity that mainly affects the minor salivary glands located in the hard palate. Classically, NS is characterized as a nodule that evolves to a central ulcer. The most widely recognized triggering factor is an ischemic event. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 Apr 18;9(4):2019-2022. Epub 2021 Feb 18.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology GDCRI Bangalore India.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia can make anyone very anxious about the lesion especially if they have habit of tobacco consumption. It requires a prompt diagnosis, counseling with assurance to patient and treatment. Read More

J Clin Exp Dent 2021 Feb 1;13(2):e211-e214. Epub 2021 Feb 1.

Full time Professor of Department of Oral Pathology and Oral Medicine, Graduate and Research Division, Dental School, National Autonomous University of Mexico. Mexico city, Mexico.

Necrotizing Sialometaplasia (NS) is a rare, benign, self-limited, inflammatory and necrotizing reaction of the salivary glandular tissue. Due to the clinical picture (a painful ulcer with well-defined edges), and histopathological characteristics (nuclear and cellular pleomorphism of ductal cells) NS can mimic a malignant lesion. The correct diagnosis is important because NS shows a spontaneous resolution and therefore no further treatment is needed. Read More

Dermatol Online J 2020 Dec 15;26(12). Epub 2020 Dec 15.

Department of Propaedeutic and Integrated Clinic, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia.

A 27-year-old woman presented with the chief complaint of severe pain in the palate region, which had been present for two months. Upon examination, she was found to have a firm, non-ulcerated nodule measuring about 2.5cm at the palatal junction. Read More

Stomatologiia (Mosk) 2020 ;99(5):92-95

National Medical Research Center of Dentistry and Maxillofacial Surgery, Moscow, Russia.

The article presents a clinical case of an immunohistochemical study of a rare disease: necrotizing sialometaplasia in the hard palate. Due to the complexity of the differential diagnosis between necrotizing sialometaplasia and squamous cell carcinoma, an immunohistochemical method was used with antibodies to proteins Ki-67, P53, P63 and cytokeratins-7 and Immunohistochemical study established low proliferative activity of glandular cells in excretory ducts and metaplastic squamous epithelium for Ki-67 protein, significant expression of protein P63 was detected both in the ductal epithelium nuclei and in metaplastic areas and expression of the mutant protein P53 was approximately absent. Marked expression of cytokeratin-7 in the ducts cells and weak expression in necrotic acini of the glands and metaplastic epithelium was noted. Read More

J Dent Sci 2020 Sep 25;15(3):390-392. Epub 2020 Mar 25.

Department of Dentistry, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, New Taipei City, Taiwan.

J Lasers Med Sci 2020 21;11(3):348-354. Epub 2020 Jun 21.

DDS, MSc, PhD, Superior School of Health Science, Amazonas State University, Av. Carvalho Leal, 1777, Cachoeirinha, Manaus-AM, 69065-001, Brazil.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is a rare locally destructive inflammatory benign disease that commonly affects the minor salivary glands. It is frequently associated with the glands located in the posterior portion of the hard and soft palates. Low-level laser therapy (LLLT), also called photobiomodulation therapy (PBMT), has been deemed a substantial method for the regenerative wound process. Read More

J Vet Diagn Invest 2020 Jul;32(4):604-610

Department of Pathology (Lieske, Rissi) and Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory (Rissi), College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA.

Salivary gland diseases are well characterized in human medicine but are uncommonly reported in dogs. Herein we describe the clinical and pathologic features of 179 canine salivary gland biopsy submissions to the Athens Veterinary Diagnostic Laboratory from 2010 to 2018. The mean age of affected dogs was 8. Read More

BMC Oral Health 2020 07 14;20(1):206. Epub 2020 Jul 14.

Department of pathology, Seoul National University Boramae Hospital, 20 Boramae-ro 5-gil, Dongjak-gu, Seoul, 07061, South Korea.

Background: Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NSM) is an extremely rare benign lesion with an uncertain pathogenesis. The differential diagnosis of this lesion is challenging due to little familiarity with this entity and histologic similarity with carcinomas, especially mucoepidermoid carcinoma (MEC). The purpose of this study is to raise awareness about NSM, which is often overlooked or misdiagnosed as malignancy in a small biopsy. Read More

Medicina (Kaunas) 2020 Apr 19;56(4). Epub 2020 Apr 19.

Egas Moniz University Institute, 2829-511 Caparica, Portugal.

Bulimia is an eating disorder with a great prevalence in young women. Due to its multifactor ethiology, bulimia has systemic consequences. In the literature, necrotising sialometaplasia is seldom associated with bulimia. Read More

Quintessence Int 2020 ;51(6):496-501

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign, self-limiting, inflammatory disease of salivary glands, mainly involving the minor salivary glands in the palate. This lesion can mimic a malignant neoplasm, both clinically and histopathologically, manifesting as a submucosal swelling or as an ulcer of the palate. This report presents a case of an otherwise healthy bodybuilder with anabolic androgenic steroids abuse with bilateral necrotizing sialometaplasia in the palate, and discusses computed tomography findings in the pre-ulceration phase. Read More

Indian J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Oct 5;71(Suppl 1):230-232. Epub 2019 Jan 5.

Department of ORL-HNS, Command Hospital (Southern Command), AFMC, Wanowari, Pune, 411040 India.

Subacute Necrotising Sialadenitis (SANS) is a self-limiting, inflammatory disorder of minor salivary glands of unknown etiology. Minor salivary glands over soft and hard palate are most commonly affected. SANS shares considerable clinical features with necrotizing sialometaplasia, which is also the commonest differential diagnosis. Read More

Acta Otorrinolaringol Esp (Engl Ed) 2020 Sep - Oct;71(5):328-329. Epub 2019 Sep 30.

Servicio de Radiodiagnóstico, Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, Barcelona, España.

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Oct-Nov;98(9):NP138-NP141. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, Boston, MA, USA.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NSM) is a benign, reactive metaplastic condition of the minor salivary gland tissue typically seen in the setting of injury, chemical or traumatic, and is nonneoplastic and self-limited. The diagnosis may be challenging as it may clinically mimic malignancy. We present the case of a 74-year-old male with a 1 pack per day smoking history for 60 years who presented with a reported 20-pound weight loss, dysphagia, and dysphonia progressing over the course of 6 months and found to have a 3. Read More

Oral Dis 2019 May 5;25(4):1084-1090. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Foggia, Foggia, Italy.

Objective: Necrotizing sialometaplasia (NS) is an uncommon benign process which affects minor and, more rarely, major salivary glands. While self-limiting, the condition might be clinically and histologically mistaken for malignancy. Furthermore, NS may accompany neoplasms. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Jan 14;13(1):12. Epub 2019 Jan 14.

Kosai's Clinic for Otorhinolaryngology, 2-169-1, Hitotsubashi-town, Kochi-city, Kochi, 780-0981, Japan.

Background: Warthin tumor is a common, benign, painless salivary gland neoplasm. Rarely, Warthin tumors show large areas of squamous metaplasia; such Warthin tumors are called metaplastic or infarcted Warthin tumors because they are occasionally accompanied with tumor necrosis. The histological distinction between mucoepidermoid carcinomas and the metaplastic portions of Warthin tumors can be challenging; without a genetic study, mucoepidermoid carcinomas can be misdiagnosed as metaplastic Warthin tumors. Read More

J Exp Ther Oncol 2018 May;12(3):185-188

Department of Conservative Dentistry & Endodontics, Teerthanker Mahaveer Dental College and Research Centre, Teerthanker Mahaveer University, India.

Objective: Necrotising Sialometaplasia is a benign self limiting reactive condition of major and minor salivary glands, which can arouse suspicion for malignancy, clinically and histopathologically. Here, we report a case of 38-year-old female with a painful ulcer on the palate. The case enlightens the importance of clinicopathologic correlation and diligent follow up in diagnosis and management of the case. Read More

Neuroimaging Clin N Am 2018 May;28(2):295-302

Department of Radiology, Michigan State University, Michigan State University Health Team, 846 Service Road, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.

Neoplastic and non-neoplastic lesions may involve the minor salivary glands. Tumors of minor salivary glands are commonly seen in the oral cavity. Malignant tumors are more common than benign minor salivary gland tumors. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2017 May;28(3):e218-e219

*Eduardo Anitua Clinic †Eduardo Anitua Foundation, Vitoria, Spain.

Castleman disease (CD) is a benign lymphoproliferative disease of unknown aetiology that rarely occurs in the head and neck region. Herein, the authors describe a patient of intraoral CD and its management. A 55-year-old female patient attended our clinic because of a 1-year history of a mass in the posterior hard palate region. Read More

Ann Emerg Med 2017 May;69(5):e59-e60

Department of Emergency Medicine, Staten Island University Hospital, Northwell Health, Staten Island, NY.

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2017 Feb 3;118(1):63-65. Epub 2017 Feb 3.

Service de stomatologie et chirurgie maxillofaciale, DHU FAST, groupe hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière Charles-Foix, AP-HP, 75013 Paris, France.

Introduction: Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a benign inflammatory lesion involving most frequently the minor salivary gland of the hard palate. Involvement of the parotid gland is rare, involvement of the parotid gland associated with facial palsy is exceptional.

Case Report: A 56-year-old male patient with Marfan syndrome presented with swelling and inflammation of the left parotid gland associated with progressively complete facial nerve paralysis. Read More

Case Rep Dent 2016 19;2016:9545861. Epub 2016 Oct 19.

Unit of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Maggiore della Carità University Hospital, Novara, Italy.

Necrotizing sialometaplasia is a rare, benign, self-limiting, necrotizing process involving the minor salivary glands, mainly the mucoserous glands of the hard palate. It is thought to be the result of an ischemic event of the vasculature supplying the salivary gland lobules. Some predisposing factors such as smoking, use of alcohol, denture wearing, recent surgery, traumatic injuries, respiratory infections, systemic diseases bulimia, and anorexia have been described. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Oct 27;2016. Epub 2016 Oct 27.

Department of Oral Pathology, Pacific Dental College & Hospital, Udaipur, Rajasthan, India.

Necrotising sialometaplasia is a benign, necrotising, self-healing inflammatory condition categorised as idiopathic disease of salivary glands. This condition holds diagnostic importance because of its clinical and histopathological presentation, which is ambiguous, and can be misdiagnosed as carcinoma particularly squamous cell carcinoma or mucoepidermoid carcinoma. This report describes a case of bilateral necrotising sialometaplasia occurring in a 38-year-old male patient. Read More

Surg Innov 2017 Feb 13;24(1):5-14. Epub 2016 Oct 13.

1 University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.

The aim of this study was to evaluate the short and medium-term effects of radiofrequency (RF) and potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) and neodymium-yttrium-aluminum garnet (Nd:YAG) laser treatment on the inferior turbinate mucosa in a porcine model. Following randomization, the inferior turbinates were treated either with RF submucosally or with the KTP or the Nd:YAG laser on the surface under videoendoscopic control. Tissue samples were taken at the end of postoperative weeks 1 and 6, and were evaluated macroscopically and histopathologically. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2016 Aug 31;2016. Epub 2016 Aug 31.

Department of Oral Medicine and Radiology, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Necrotising sialometaplasia is a rare, benign and self-limiting inflammatory lesion that commonly involves minor salivary glands. Its clinical appearance, signs and symptoms very often mimic a carcinomatous lesion, thus creating a diagnostic dilemma for the clinician. Necrotising sialometaplasia being an important differential for an apparent carcinoma should be excluded histologically prior to radical therapy. Read More