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Front Neurol 2018 28;9:1028. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Neurology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China.

Pregnancy in patients with necrotizing autoimmune myopathy without identified antibodies is rarely reported. We report a case involving a 26-year-old woman with antibody-negative autoimmune necrotizing myopathy who experienced a relapse during pregnancy. Before pregnancy, the patient's myopathy symptoms and elevated serum creatine kinase levels had been successfully controlled with oral prednisone and tacrolimus for 1 year. Read More

Pediatr Res 2018 Dec 13. Epub 2018 Dec 13.

Golisano Children's Hospital, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA.

Background: Most studies of neonatal acute kidney injury (AKI) have focused on the first week following birth. Here, we determined the outcomes and risk factors for late AKI (>7d).

Methods: The international AWAKEN study examined AKI in neonates admitted to an intensive care unit. Read More

J Trop Pediatr 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Paediatrics and Neonatology, Cloudnine Hospital, Gurgaon, Haryana, India.

Objectives: The objective of this study was to show the effects of routine vs. selective fortification of human milk (HM) on short-term growth and metabolic parameters.

Methods: Single-centre retrospective pre-post cohort study in India. Read More

J Invest Dermatol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Division of Infectious Diseases and Hospital Epidemiology, University Hospital Zurich, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Group A Streptococcus causes severe invasive infections, including necrotizing fasciitis. The expression of an array of virulence factors targeting specific host immune functions impedes successful bacterial clearance. The virulence factor streptococcal DNase Sda1 was previously shown to interfere with the entrapment of bacteria through neutrophil extracellular traps and TLR9 signaling. Read More

Curr Opin Pediatr 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, USA.

Purpose Of Review: Neonates are at a high risk of infection and may have nonspecific signs of sepsis. Accordingly, they are heavily exposed to antimicrobials. Neonates are also uniquely at risk of both short-term and long-term complications from antibiotic exposure. Read More

Exp Ther Med 2018 Dec 17;16(6):5280-5285. Epub 2018 Oct 17.

Department of Pediatric Surgery, The Second People's Hospital of Liaocheng, Linqing, Shandong 252600, P.R. China.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a life-threatening disease that occurs in premature infants. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of berberine, an isoquinoline alkaloid mainly used to treat digestive diseases, in a rat model of NEC. NEC models were established in newborn rats via inhalation of N for 90 sec every 4 h and oral administration of 4 mg/kg/day lipopolysaccharides on days 0 and 1. Read More

Sci Rep 2018 Dec 12;8(1):17780. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Molecular Biology and The Laboratory for Molecular Infection Medicine Sweden (MIMS), Umeå University, SE-90187, Umeå, Sweden.

Cytotoxic necrotizing factor 1 (CNF1), a protein toxin produced by extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli, activates the Rho-family small GTPases in eukaryotic cell, thereby perturbing multiple cellular functions. Increasing epidemiological evidence suggests a link between CNF1 and human inflammatory bowel disease and colorectal cancer. At the cellular level, CNF1 has been hypothesized to reprogram cell fate towards survival due to the role in perturbing cell cycle and apoptosis. Read More

Sci Transl Med 2018 Dec;10(471)

Division of General Pediatric Surgery, Johns Hopkins University and Bloomberg Children's Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) is a severe gastrointestinal disease of the premature infant. One of the most important long-term complications observed in children who survive NEC early in life is the development of profound neurological impairments. However, the pathways leading to NEC-associated neurological impairments remain unknown, thus limiting the development of prevention strategies. Read More

BMC Nephrol 2018 Dec 12;19(1):355. Epub 2018 Dec 12.

Department of Pathology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA.

Background: Renal thrombotic microangiopathy (TMA) is occasionally seen in biopsies with pauci-immune necrotizing crescentic glomerulonephritis (PCGN). Recent study indicated that the complement activation is more prominent in the ANCA-negative glomerulonephritis.

Case Presentation: We report a case of concurrent TMA and PCGN without ANCA positivity. Read More

Curr Health Sci J 2015 Oct-Dec;41(4):345-355. Epub 2015 Dec 22.

Department of Pathology, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Romania.

Purpose: The study aims to assess the correlation between stromal fibrillary component (SFC) and vascular density (VD) in Gleason architectural patterns of prostate carcinoma.

Materials And Methods: 680 digital images of prostate adenocarcinoma labeled following both Gleason and Srigley systems were acquired with X20 objective from serial sections, one stained using Gömöri technique for SFC and one immunomarked with anti-CD34 antibody for vessels. The SFC amount and VD were determined and compared. Read More

Mediators Inflamm 2018 4;2018:4310419. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Department of Neonatology, University Children's Hospital, Aachen, Germany.

Neonates are highly susceptible to microbial infections which is partially attributable to fundamental phenotypic and functional differences between effector cells of the adult and neonatal immune system. The resolution of the inflammation is essential to return to tissue homeostasis, but given that various neonatal diseases, such as periventricular leukomalacia, necrotizing enterocolitis, or bronchopulmonary dysplasia, are characterized by sustained inflammation, newborns seem predisposed to a dysregulation of the inflammatory response. Targeted apoptosis of effector cells is generally known to control the length and extent of the inflammation, and previous studies have demonstrated that phagocytosis-induced cell death (PICD), a special type of apoptosis in phagocytic immune cells, is less frequently triggered in neonatal monocytes than in adult monocytes. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 13;2018:5042707. Epub 2018 Nov 13.

EKO Children's Hospital, Oberhausen, Witten/Herdecke University, Germany.

The importance for mortality and morbidity of an in-house pediatric surgery unit for premature infants with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) remains undefined. Data on 389 consecutive very low birth weight infants with a birth weight <1250 g admitted between 2009 and 2014 was retrospectively analyzed in two almost identical neonatal intensive care units. Epidemiological data (n=172 and n=217, respectively) were comparable. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2018 26;11:2461-2469. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Pediatrics, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China,

Purpose: causes serious infections globally, including invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD). We analyze clinical features of pediatric IPD cases identified in China and antibiotic susceptibility of isolated pneumococcal strains.

Methods: Confirmed pediatric IPD patients were prospectively recruited to the study. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2013 Nov 26;8(5):145-147. Epub 2013 Sep 26.

Kokura Memorial Hospital, Kokura, Japan.

A 73-year-old man underwent sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation for chest pain on exertion with left anterior descending coronary artery (LAD) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCX). The patient died due to non-obstructive mesenteric ischemia after 57 months of SES implantation. An autopsy demonstrated that the lesions of stented site at LAD and LCX were histopathologicaly similar images. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2015 Feb 11;11(2):52-55. Epub 2014 Nov 11.

Department of Cardiology, Laiko General Hospital, Athens, Greece.

Churg-Strauss syndrome is a necrotizing vasculitis of small vessels characterized by upper and lower airway disease followed by peripheral eosinophilia and multiple organ involvement. Herein we present the case of a 45-year-old female patient with Churg-Strauss syndrome and myopericardial disease who improved upon cyclophosphamide treatment. Apart from discussing the characteristics of myopericardial disease in eosinophilic syndromes, we highlight the crucial role of cardiac imaging in the prompt recognition and management of such patients. Read More

J Cardiol Cases 2011 Apr 20;3(2):e71-e74. Epub 2011 Feb 20.

Department of Cardiology, Royal Blackburn Hospital, Haslingden Road, Blackburn BB2 3HH, United Kingdom.

Wegener's granulomatosis is a systemic necrotizing granulomatous vasculitis of small- to medium-sized vessels typically affecting upper and lower airways, lungs, and kidneys. Cardiac involvement is less common and conducting tissue involvement is extremely rare. Cardiac manifestations are often not clinically apparent, but are associated with increased mortality. Read More

Med Klin Intensivmed Notfmed 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Klinik für Gastroenterologie, Endokrinologie, Diabetologie und Allgemeine Innere Medizin, Klinikum Kassel, Kassel, Deutschland.

Acute necrotizing esophagitis ("black esophagus") is defined as complete necrosis of the esophageal mucosa, which typically affects the entire circumference. We report a case of a healthy 62-year-old woman, who became hemodynamically unstable due to stress cardiomyopathy with acute right heart failure. Transfusion-dependent anemia occurred 24 h later and an upper gastrointestinal endoscopy revealed a black discoloured mucosa of the distal esophagus. Read More

Clin Infect Dis 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.

Clinical Microbiology, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.

This cohort study describes mortality predictors of necrotizing fasciitis (NF). Higher age, chronic kidney disease and higher Charlson score increased mortality rate. Mortality was more than three times higher in monomicrobial gram-negative NF than in type I or type II NF. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2018 Oct 2;6(10):e1927. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Section of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta.

Mucormycosis is a rare fungal infection caused by ubiquitous fungi in the order Mucorales. It is the most rapidly progressing fulminant fungal infection that mimics necrotizing soft-tissue infections. Overwhelming fungal sepsis develops quickly and mortality rates approach 70%. Read More

Int J Prev Med 2018 5;9:97. Epub 2018 Nov 5.

Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.

Background: Germinal matrix-intraventricular hemorrhage (IVH) is the most common brain hemorrhage in preterm neonates. The importance of this hemorrhage lies in its severe complications. There is no definite treatment for IVH in neonates; therefore, the prevention of IVH should be considered. Read More

Rinsho Ketsueki 2018 ;59(11):2432-2437

Department of Pathology, Hakodate Municipal Hospital.

We report a case of a 60-year-old male who presented with fever and anasarca as well as hepatosplenomegaly, general lymphadenopathy, and disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC), and was, therefore, admitted to our hospital. In addition, the patient suffered from respiratory failure and renal dysfunction and had pleural effusion and ascites. The pathological diagnosis from lymph node biopsy suggested multicentric Castleman's disease of the plasma cell type; however, the presence of high IL-6 levels, myelofibrosis, thrombocytopenia, anasarca, renal dysfunction, and hepatosplenomegaly led to a definitive diagnosis of TAFRO syndrome. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 Oct 24. Epub 2018 Oct 24.

Department of Pediatrics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, New Territories, Hong Kong.

Objective: To discover specific circulating microRNA (miRNA) biomarkers for the early differentiation of necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) from neonatal sepsis and inflammatory conditions.

Study Design: The study comprised 3 distinct phases: differential microarray analysis to compare plasma miRNA expression profiles of NEC vs sepsis and non-NEC/nonsepsis cases, a case-control study to quantify dysregulated miRNAs as potential specific biomarkers of NEC, and a prospective cohort study to assess the diagnostic usefulness of the best miRNA biomarker(s).

Results: A distinct miRNA expression profile was observed in the NEC compared with the sepsis and non-NEC/nonsepsis groups. Read More

J Pediatr 2018 Dec 7. Epub 2018 Dec 7.

Department of Pediatrics, Uniformed Services University, Bethesda, MD.

Objective: To evaluate the impact of prematurity on fracture by age 5, controlling for medications and comorbidities of prematurity.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective cohort study of infants born in Military Treatment Facilities in 2009-2010 with ≥5 years of follow-up care. Gestational age, low birth weight, comorbidities of prematurity (osteopenia, necrotizing enterocolitis, chronic lung disease, and cholestasis) and fractures were identified by International Classification of Disease, 9th Edition, codes. Read More

Transfus Apher Sci 2018 Nov 16. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Department of Transfusion Medicine, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research (PGIMER), Chandigarh-160012, India.

Objective: We are reporting a case of acquired B phenomenon in a 14 days old pre-term baby presenting with necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) where it was detected as an ABO discrepancy.

Method: The forward and reverse grouping was done using tube technique as well as column agglutination technique (ABD card and LISS Coombs AHG gel cards, Biorad, Switzerland). The direct antiglobulin test (DAT) was also done on gel card. Read More

J Surg Res 2019 Feb 23;234:294-302. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Department of Surgery, Section of Pediatric Surgery, Riley Hospital for Children at Indiana University Health, Indianapolis, Indiana; Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana. Electronic address:

Background: Necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in premature infants is often a devastating surgical condition with poor outcomes. GYY4137 is a long-acting donor of hydrogen sulfide, a gasotransmitter that is protective against intestinal injury in experimental NEC, likely through protection against injury secondary to ischemia. We hypothesized that administration of GYY4137 would improve mesenteric perfusion, reduce intestinal injury, and reduce inflammatory responses in experimental NEC and ischemia-reperfusion injury, and that these benefits would be mediated through endothelial nitric oxide synthase-dependent pathways. Read More

Pregnancy Hypertens 2018 Oct 9;14:68-71. Epub 2018 Aug 9.

Division of Neonatology, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:

Objective: To identify the effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on neonatal outcomes in early and moderate preterm infants of gestational age less than 34 weeks.

Study Design: Prospectively collected data in 773 premature deliveries less than 34 weeks from 10 centers in China between July 2014 and July 2016 were analyzed in this cohort study. Univariate and Multivariate regression analyses were conducted to exam the effect of pregnancy induced hypertension on neonatal outcomes, including mortality to discharge, intrauterine growth restriction, severe brain injury, neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, necrotizing enterocolitis, early onset of sepsis and retinopathy of prematurity. Read More

Best Pract Res Clin Rheumatol 2018 02 17;32(1):83-93. Epub 2018 Nov 17.

Department of Pathology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands. Electronic address:

ANCA-associated vasculitis (AAV) describes a group of small-vessel vasculitides with frequent renal involvement. The first description of these conditions can be traced back to the 19th-century paper on necrotizing vasculitis by Kussmaul and Maier. Since then, our understanding of the pathogenesis has improved and the histopathological lesions have been described in detail. Read More

Cleve Clin J Med 2018 Dec;85(12):912-913

Department of General Medicine, Chiba University Hospital, Chiba, Japan.

Acta Med Port 2018 Nov 30;31(11):648-655. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Serviço de Neonatologia. Departamento de Pediatria. Hospital Universitário de Santa Maria. Centro Hospitalar Lisboa Norte. Lisboa. Clínica Universitária de Pediatria. Faculdade de Medicina. Universidade de Lisboa. Lisboa. Portugal.

Introduction: Prematurity and low birth weight have been associated with increased neonatal morbidity and mortality. This study aimed to evaluate possible risk factors for prematurity associated with fetal growth restriction and being small for gestational age and to determine the incidence of morbidity in these two groups of infants.

Material And Methods: Retrospective case-control study of newborns with gestational age of less than 32 weeks, with obstetric diagnosis of fetal growth restriction and with the clinical diagnosis of small for gestational age, admitted to the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit of a tertiary hospital for a period of six years. Read More

Rheumatol Int 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Division of Rheumatology, Faculdade de Medicina FMUSP, Universidade de Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Recent studies have shown a high prevalence of dyslipidemia in patients with systemic autoimmune myopathies (SAM). However, little is known about the safety of the use of statins in these patients, and this gap in research motivated the accomplishment of the present study. In a retrospective cohort study conducted from 2004 to 2018, 250 patients with SAM were evaluated, and 24 patients had stable forms of SAM (16 dermatomyositis, 1 polymyositis and 7 antisynthetase syndrome) but had dyslipidemia and had received statins. Read More

Stand Genomic Sci 2018 29;13:35. Epub 2018 Nov 29.

1Center of Food Safety and Applied Nutrition, U. S. Food and Drug Administration, 8301 Muirkirk Road, Laurel, MD 20708 USA.

is a Gram-negative opportunistic pathogen that causes life- threatening infantile infections, such as meningitis, septicemia, and necrotizing enterocolitis, as well as pneumonia, septicemia, and urinary tract and wound infections in adults. Here, we report 26 draft genome sequences of , which were obtained from dried spices from the USA, the Middle East, China, and the Republic of Korea. The average genome size of the genomes was 4393 kb, with an average of 4055 protein coding genes, and an average genome G + C content of 56. Read More

Am J Perinatol 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Maternal and Child Health Research Center, Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, University of Pennsylvania Perelman School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.

Objective:  To determine if increasing predicted risk of cesarean was associated with longer labor length and increased morbidity among women undergoing induction with an unfavorable cervix.

Study Design:  Using a publically available database, we evaluated whether a previously validated prediction model for cesarean delivery after induction was associated with labor length, maternal morbidity (third-/fourth-degree lacerations, endometritis, blood transfusion, wound infection, venous thromboembolism, hysterectomy, intensive care unit admission, and death), and neonatal morbidity (blood transfusion, encephalopathy, intraventricular hemorrhage, severe respiratory distress syndrome, necrotizing enterocolitis, and sepsis). Full-term (≥37 weeks) singleton gestations with intact membranes and an unfavorable cervix (Bishop score ≤6 and dilation ≤2 cm) undergoing induction of labor were included. Read More

Microsurgery 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Plastic, Reconstructive, Aesthetic Surgery and Burns, CHRU Rangueil, Toulouse, France.

Background: Extensive full thickness abdominopelvic defects pose a difficult challenge to surgeons. Autologous tissues are versatile and can provide a satisfying reconstructive option for this type of defects. The tensor fascia latae (TFL) and superficial circumflex iliac perforator (SCIP) flaps provide a large area of vascularized tissue and their use in reconstructive surgery is well-known. Read More

J Wildl Dis 2018 Dec 3. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

7 Dirección General de Medio Ambiente, Junta de Extremadura, Avda. de Luis Ramallo s/n, 06800 Mérida (Badajoz), Spain.

A free-ranging Iberian lynx ( Lynx pardinus) was found dead after 16 mo of being reintroduced. On gross necropsy, necrotic areas in the left biceps femoris and intercostal muscles were identified. Streptococcus canis was isolated from both groups of muscles and was confirmed by PCR, corroborating a necrotizing myositis diagnostic. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2019 Jan 3;54(1):7-9. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Department of Pediatrics, Chonnam National University Hospital, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.

Front Pediatr 2018 16;6:347. Epub 2018 Nov 16.

Paediatric Research Group, Department of Clinical Medicine, UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Tromsø, Norway.

In 2014 probiotic supplementation ( and subspecies Infloran) was introduced as standard of care to prevent necrotizing enterocolitis (NEC) in extremely preterm infants in Norway. We aimed to evaluate the influence of probiotics and antibiotic therapy on the developing gut microbiota and antibiotic resistome in extremely preterm infants, and to compare with very preterm infants and term infants not given probiotics. A prospective, observational multicenter study in six tertiary-care neonatal units. Read More

Ann Surg Treat Res 2018 Dec 26;95(6):324-332. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ajou University School of Medicine, Suwon, Korea.

Purpose: We present our experience involving the management of this disease, identifying prognostic factors affecting treatment outcomes.

Methods: The patients treated for Fournier gangrene at our institution were retrospectively reviewed. Data collected included demographics, extent of soft tissue necrosis, predisposing factors, etiological factors, laboratory values, and treatment outcomes. Read More

Reumatologia 2018 31;56(5):285-288. Epub 2018 Oct 31.

Department of Internal Medicine, Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology, Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland.

Objectives: Inflammation has been revealed to be associated with angiogenesis. Granulomatosis with polyangiitis (GPA) and immune complex small vessel vasculitis (ICSVV) are forms of systemic vasculitides of different pathogenesis. GPA is a necrotizing granulomatosis and ICSVV is associated with inflammation of postcapillary venules induced by deposits of immune complexes. Read More

Infect Genet Evol 2018 Nov 28;68:1-9. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Université Laval, Quebec City, QC, Canada. Electronic address:

The bacterium Aeromonas salmonicida is known since long time as a major fish pathogen unable to grow at 37 °C. However, some cases of human infection by putative mesophilic A. salmonicida have been reported. Read More

Pediatr Neurol 2018 Oct 3;87:30-35. Epub 2018 Aug 3.

Departments of Neurology and Pediatrics, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Baltimore, Maryland. Electronic address:

Background: Hormonal therapy is the treatment of choice in most patients with infantile spasms, but the optimal way to provide this therapy is unclear. Intramuscular adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) has historically used first-line; however, there are significant logistical and financial issues. Our institution has used high-dose prednisolone as the first-line hormonal treatment of infantile spasms since 2006 and published our early experience with 15 infants in 2009. Read More

Blood Purif 2018 Dec 5:1-6. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Renal failure patients have an increased risk of infection, including skin and soft tissue infections. This increased susceptibility is multifactorial, due to the conditions causing the renal failure as well as complications of treatment and renal failure's innate effects on patient health. These infections have a significant impact on patient morbidity, increased hospital and procedural demands, and the cost of health care. Read More

Braz J Med Biol Res 2018 Dec 3;52(1):e7581. Epub 2018 Dec 3.

Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.

Bredemeyera floribunda roots are popularly used to treat snakebites in the semiarid region of Northeast Brazil, and previous studies indicate the anti-ophidian actions of triterpenoid saponins found in its roots. To assess B. floribunda root extract (BFRE) activity against the effects of Bothrops jararacussu venom (BjuV), antiphospholipasic, antiproteolytic, antihemorrhagic, antinecrotic, and anti-edematogenic activities were investigated in mice. Read More

PLoS One 2018 5;13(12):e0207298. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Department of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Reproductive Sciences, Yale University, School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, United states of America.

We aimed to test the hypothesis that determinants of the perinatal clinical exposome related to the underlying etiology of premature birth (PTB) impact differently on select neonatal outcomes. We conducted a prospective longitudinal study of 377 singleton preterm neonates [gestational age (GA) at birth: 23-34 weeks] separated into three distinct contemporaneous newborn cohorts: i) spontaneous PTB in the setting of intra-amniotic infection/inflammation (yes-IAI, n = 116); ii) spontaneous PTB in the absence of IAI (no-IAI, n = 130), and iii) iatrogenic PTB for preeclampsia (iPTB-PE, n = 131). Newborns (n = 372) were followed until death or discharge. Read More

Viruses 2018 Nov 30;10(12). Epub 2018 Nov 30.

Institute of Novel and Emerging Infectious Diseases, Friedrich-Loeffler-Institut, 17493 Greifswald-Insel Riems, Germany.

Rift Valley fever phlebovirus (RVFV), the causative agent of an emerging zoonotic disease in Africa and Arabia, can infect a variety of species, predominantly ruminants, camelids, and humans. While clinical symptoms are mostly absent in adult ruminants and camelids, RVFV infection may lead to a serious, sometimes fatal disease in humans. Virus transmissions between individuals and between species mainly occur through mosquito bites, but direct or even indirect contact with infectious materials may also result in infection. Read More

J Stomatol Oral Maxillofac Surg 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

Service d'Odontologie du CHU, 549 avenue du Pr JL Viala, 34295 Montpellier cedex 5, France. Electronic address:

Plasminogen deficiency is a rare congenital condition that leads to pseudomembraneous lesions, such as ligneous conjunctivitis and ligneous gingivitis. Because of its rarity, ligneous gingivitis is not a pathology one may easily suspect from its clinical symptoms. We report the case of a 35-year-old Caucasian woman who experienced gum masses with white spots, but no pain. Read More

Turk J Pediatr 2018 ;60(3):326-330

Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Department of Pediatrics, Marmara University Faculty of Medicine, İstanbul, Turkey.

Gökçe İ, Altuntaş Ü, Filinte D, Alpay H. Polyarteritis nodosa in case of familial Mediterranean fever. Turk J Pediatr 2018; 60: 326-330. Read More

Case Rep Surg 2018 28;2018:8260968. Epub 2018 Oct 28.

Department of Surgery, Kensei Hospital, Hirosaki-shi, Aomori, Japan.

Streptococcal toxic shock syndrome (STSS) is a life-threatening disease caused by infection of . Here, we report an uncommon case of STSS with both diffuse peritonitis and necrotizing fasciitis and summarize previous cases. The patient was diagnosed with STSS due to an infection of the soft tissue of the lower extremity after surgery for diffuse peritonitis. Read More

Gastroenterol Res Pract 2018 30;2018:2795468. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Child Development and Disorders, Children's Hospital, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.

Background: Enteral feeds are an essential part of care for infants and may be a potential risk factor in NEC development. The present study objective was to evaluate the relationship between nil per os (NPO) and clinical outcomes in infants with NEC.

Methods: This was a retrospective review of 196 premature, low-birth-weight infants with NEC from January 1, 2011, to October 31, 2016, at four academic tertiary care hospitals. Read More

Iran J Med Sci 2018 Nov;43(6):653-658

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, Lagos State University College of Medicine, Lagos State, Nigeria.

Necrotizing fasciitis of the head and neck is a rare but rapidly progressive infection involving the skin, subcutaneous tissue, and fascia. We report 4 cases of cervicofacial necrotizing fasciitis with similar patterns of presentation. All the 4 cases presented with an odontogenic source and no underlying medical condition. Read More

Respir Med 2018 Dec 10;145:182-191. Epub 2018 Nov 10.

University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, United States.

The hallmark of vasculitis is autoimmune inflammation of blood vessels and surrounding tissues, resulting in an array of constitutional symptoms and organ damage. The lung is commonly targeted in the more familiar ANCA-associated small vessel vasculitidies, but large and medium vessel vasculitides, including Takayasu arteritis, giant cell arteritis, polyarteritis nodosa, Behcet's disease, and necrotizing sarcoid granulomatosis, may also feature prominent pulmonary involvement. Pulmonary manifestations of these conditions include pulmonary arterial aneurysms, pulmonary hypertension, diffuse alveolar hemorrhage, pulmonary nodules, and parenchymal infiltrates. Read More