Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

F1000Res 2018 21;7. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong.

Over the last few years, certain areas in the management nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) that have an impact on the care of these patients have evolved, particularly with regard to liquid biopsies, minimally invasive surgery, and advances in chemotherapy and immunotherapy. Beyond its proven role in the diagnostics, surveillance, and treatment of NPC, liquid biopsy with plasma Epstein-Barr virus DNA in the screening of high-risk populations for NPC is strongly supported by recent evidence. Surgery of the nasopharynx is reserved for locally recurrent NPC, and in recent years there have been great strides in minimally invasive techniques with survival rates similar to those of open techniques in treating NPC. Read More

J Vet Med Sci 2018 Dec 5. Epub 2018 Dec 5.

Section of Medical Imaging, Veterinary Medical Center, Chungbuk National University.

The purpose of this study was to use magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to compare the volumes and three-dimensional configurations of the soft palate and nasopharynx in non-brachycephalic and brachycephalic dogs with different body weights, and infer which factors influence nasopharyngeal volume. This was a retrospective observational study. The brain MRI medical records of all dogs referred to the Veterinary Medical Center, Chungbuk National University, between 2013 and 2016, for evaluation of intracranial disease were reviewed. Read More

J Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2018 Dec 4;47(1):74. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Ottawa, 501 Smyth Rd, Module S - Room M2566, Box 216, Ottawa, ON, K1H 8L6, Canada.

Background: We sought to expand upon preliminary data suggesting that metformin confers a survival benefit to patients with head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC).

Methods: A large-scale retrospective cohort study of all patients in Ontario diagnosed with squamous cancer of the larynx, hypopharynx, and nasopharynx between Dec 1st 2007 to Dec 1st 2012 was undertaken. The Institute for Clinical and Evaluative Sciences was accessed to obtain patient demographic, treatment and outcome information. Read More

Dev Comp Immunol 2018 Dec 1. Epub 2018 Dec 1.

University of New Mexico, Department of Biology, Center for Evolutionary and Theoretical Immunology (CETI), Albuquerque, New Mexico, USA.

The human olfactory system is a mucosal surface and a major portal of entry for respiratory and neurotropic pathogens into the body. Understanding how the human nasopharynx-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) halts the progression of pathogens into the lower respiratory tract or the central nervous system is key for developing effective cures. Although traditionally mice have been used as the gold-standard model for the study of human nasal diseases, mouse models present important caveats due to major anatomical and functional differences of the human and murine olfactory system and NALT. Read More

J Dent Res 2018 Dec 4:22034518813359. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

3 Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China.

Magnesium (Mg) has been known to play vital roles in regulating growth and various metabolic processes. In recent years, the association between Mg and tumorigenesis has raised more and more attention. However, the effects of Mg on the progression of head and neck carcinoma (HNC), as well as the mechanism behind it, remain undefined. Read More

Anal Cell Pathol (Amst) 2018 30;2018:7691704. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

The Department of Radiotherapy, Taizhou Central Hospital (Taizhou University Hospital), Taizhou, Zhejiang, China.

Background And Aims: In patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC), local treatment failure and distant metastasis contribute largely to poor outcomes. The nasopharynx is an important lymphoid tissue, and NPC tumourigenesis and development are partly attributed to immune system disorders. Human leukocyte antigen F (HLA-F) has shown a close correlation with NPC in many genome-wide association studies (GWASs). Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

From the Departments of Otolaryngology, and Pathology, Microbiology, and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee (Dr Lewis); the Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio (Dr Adelstein); the Institute of Pathology, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nuremberg, University Hospital, Erlangen, Germany (Dr Agaimy); the Department of Pathology, Cleveland Clinic Florida, Weston (Dr Carlson); the Department of Pathology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston (Dr Faquin); the Department of Cellular Pathology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom (Dr Helliwell); the Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, University of the Western Cape & Tygerberg Laboratories, Cape Town, South Africa (Dr Hille); the Department of Pathology, Vancouver General Hospital, and the Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada (Dr Ng); the Department of Pathology, Queen Mary Hospital, Hong Kong (Dr Nicholls); the Radiation Medicine Program, Princess Margaret Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (Dr O'Sullivan); and the Department of Pathology, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, California (Dr Thompson).

The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting was established to internationally unify and standardize the pathologic reporting of cancers based on collected evidence, as well as to allow systematic data collection across institutions and countries to guide cancer care in the future. An expert panel was convened to identify the minimum data set of elements that should be included in cancer reporting from tumors of the nasopharynx and oropharynx. Specifically, there has been a significant change in practice as a result of identifying oncogenic viruses, including human papillomavirus and Epstein-Barr virus, because they preferentially affect the oropharynx and nasopharynx, respectively. Read More

Arch Pathol Lab Med 2018 Nov 30. Epub 2018 Nov 30.

From the Department of Pathology, Dalhousie University and Queen Elizabeth II Health Sciences Centre, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Dr Bullock); the Department of Radiation Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (Dr Beitler); the Pathology and Laboratory Medicine Institute, Cleveland Clinic, Weston, Florida (Dr Carlson); the Instituto de Anatomia Patológica, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisboa, Portugal (Dr Fonseca); the Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock (Dr Hunt); the Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York (Dr Katabi); the Department of Cellular Pathology, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom (Dr Sloan); the Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada (Dr Taylor); the Department of Pathology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston (Dr Williams); and the Department of Pathology, Southern California Permanente Medical Group, Woodland Hills Medical Center, Woodland Hills, California (Dr Thompson).

Standardized, synoptic pathologic reporting for tumors greatly improves communication among clinicians, patients, and researchers, supporting prognostication and comparison about patient outcomes across institutions and countries. The International Collaboration on Cancer Reporting is a nonprofit organization whose mission is to develop evidence-based, universally available surgical pathology reporting data sets. Within the head and neck region, lymph node excisions and neck dissections are frequently performed as part of the management of head and neck cancers arising from the mucosal sites (sinonasal tract, nasopharynx, oropharynx, hypopharynx, oral cavity, and larynx), along with bone tumors, skin cancers, melanomas, and other tumor categories. Read More

Acta Otorhinolaryngol Ital 2018 Oct;38(5):431-438

Department of Paediatrics, Comenius University in Bratislava, Jessenius Faculty of Medicine in Martin, University Hospital, Martin, Slovakia.

Exposure to tobacco smoke is associated with a higher risk of respiratory tract diseases. The aim of this study was to determine the influence of passive smoking on selected characteristics of children with adenoid hypertrophy. Sixty-one children with adenoid hypertrophy were enrolled in the prospective study. Read More

Int Forum Allergy Rhinol 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ.

Background: Signs of inflammation are commonly encountered during endoscopic examination of the Eustachian tube (ET) region. The clinical applicability of these findings may be enhanced by use of a standardized assessment score.

Methods: Digital video recordings were obtained of 50 nasal endoscopy examinations of the nasopharyngeal portion of the ET. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2018 Oct-Nov;97(10-11):E36-E43

Department of Craniofacial Surgery, Nitte Meenakshi Institute of Craniofacial Surgery, Deralakatte, Mangalore, Karnataka, India.

Rhinosporidiosis is a rare, chronic, granulomatous infection of the mucous membranes that mainly involves the nose and nasopharynx; it occasionally involves the pharynx, conjunctiva, larynx, trachea and, rarely, the skin. The characteristic clinical features of this disease include the formation of painless polyps in the nasal mucosa or the nasopharynx that bleed easily on touch. At our center, excision of the lesion with a Le Fort I osteotomy is carried out in patients (1) in whom two or more previous attempts at excision of biopsy-proven rhinosporidiosis arising from the nasal mucosa was carried out or (2) in whom the rhinosporidiosis arises from the nasophayrngeal mucosa and/or extranasal sites. Read More

Cancer Cytopathol 2018 Nov 26. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

Department of Pathology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Background: The majority of human papillomavirus (HPV)-associated oropharyngeal carcinomas are squamous cell carcinomas; however, there are rare reports of HPV-associated neuroendocrine carcinomas (HPV-NECs) in the upper aerodigestive tract. The aim of this study was to characterize the diagnostic features of fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cases of head and neck HPV-NEC.

Methods: Cytology cases of HPV-NEC were identified over a 3-year period from 2 institutions. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 Nov 25. Epub 2018 Nov 25.

Department of Otolaryngology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania.

Objectives/hypothesis: Interest in eustachian tube (ET) dysfunction (ETD) has increased with the recent Food and Drug Administration approval of a new device for balloon dilation of the ET (BDET) in adults. However, children have been receiving BDET treatment with ET-specific or sinus balloons around the world and off-label in the United States for years. It is important, therefore, to understand the manifestations of and methods to verify ETD in children. Read More

Front Pediatr 2018 9;6:321. Epub 2018 Nov 9.

Paediatrics, St Mary's Hospital, London, United Kingdom.

Infection with the meningococcus is one of the main causes of meningitis and septicaemia worldwide. Humans are the only natural reservoir for the meningococcus which is found primarily as a commensal inhabitant in the nasopharynx in ~10% of adults, and may be found in over 25% of individuals during adolescence. Prompt recognition of meningococcal infection and early aggressive treatment are essential in order to reduce mortality, which occurs in up to 10% of those with invasive meningococcal disease (IMD). Read More

Otolaryngol Pol 2018 Aug;72(5):31-36

Uniwersytet Medyczny w Lublinie II Wydział Lekarski z Oddziałem Anglojęzycznym Zakład Epidemiologii i Metodologii Badań Klinicznych.

Introduction: Juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma (JNA) is a rare, benign, vascular tumor originating in the nasopharynx. The treatment of choice for JNA is surgical excision. In recent years, surgical management has been greatly influenced by the use of the transnasal endoscopic technique. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Nov 20;18(1):1139. Epub 2018 Nov 20.

Department of Radiation Oncology, Fudan University Shanghai Cancer Center, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.

Background: To evaluate the effectiveness and toxicities of intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) for locally recurrent nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Methods: One hundred and eighty-four previously irradiated NPC patients with recurrent disease and re-irradiated by IMRT between February 2005 to May 2013 had been reviewed. The disease was re-staged I in 33, II in 27, III in 70 and IV in 54 patients. Read More

Cancer Med 2018 Nov 18. Epub 2018 Nov 18.

Hospital of the National Institute of Radiological Sciences, National Institutes for Quantum and Radiological Sciences and Technology, Chiba, Japan.

Background: This multi-institutional retrospective study focused on the clinical outcome of carbon-ion radiotherapy (C-ion RT) for non-squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx.

Methods: The Japan Carbon-ion Radiation Oncology Study Group collected and analyzed data for 43 patients with non-squamous cell malignant tumors of the nasopharynx treated with C-ion RT at four institutions in Japan.

Results: Twenty-nine patients had adenoid cystic carcinomas, seven had malignant melanomas, three had adenocarcinomas, two had mucoepidermoid carcinomas, and two had other pathologies. Read More

Tunis Med 2018 Jun;96(6):343-347

Introduction: Tuberculosis (TBC) is a major public health problem with high mortality especially in developing countries. It is associated with a higher risk of developing pulmonary and non-pulmonary malignancies including solid and hematologic cancers. Association between TBC and nonpulmonary malignancies is rarely described in the literature. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Nov 14. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Institute for Pathology, Military Medical Academy Faculty of Medicine, Belgrade, Serbia.

Purpose: Choanal polyps (CPs) are benign, solitary, soft-tissue lesions extending towards the junction between the nasal cavity and the nasopharynx through the choana. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate clinical and histological characteristics of CPs in children comparing to adult patients.

Methods: Characteristics of CPs treated in our hospital (demography, main complaints, side, localization, surgical approach, histological characteristics, accompanying paranasal sinus diseases, association with allergic rhinitis, postoperative follow-up period, and recurrence rates) were retrospectively reviewed. Read More

Front Microbiol 2018 30;9:2580. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Laboratory of Molecular Microbiology of Human Pathogens, Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, Universidade Nova de Lisboa (ITQB NOVA), Oeiras, Portugal.

The Gram positive bacterium (pneumococcus) is a major human pathogen. It is a common colonizer of the human host, and in the nasopharynx, sinus, and middle ear it survives as a biofilm. This mode of growth is optimal for multi-strain colonization and genetic exchange. Read More

BMC Cancer 2018 Nov 12;18(1):1095. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

Division of Radiation Oncology, National Cancer Centre Singapore, 11 Hospital Drive, Singapore, 169610, Singapore.

Background: Inter-patient heterogeneity in radiation-induced DNA damage responses is proposed to reflect intrinsic variations in tumour and normal tissue radiation sensitivity, but the prediction of phenotype by a molecular biomarker is influenced by clinical confounders and assay reproducibility. Here, we characterised the intrapatient and inter-patient heterogeneity in biomarkers of DNA damage and repair and radiation-induced apoptosis.

Methods: We enrolled 85 of 172 patients with locally advanced nasopharynx cancer from a randomised controlled phase II/III trial of induction chemotherapy added to chemo-radiotherapy. Read More

Bio Protoc 2018 Sep;8(18)

Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.

Research in the area of olfactory physiology benefits from having direct access to the nasal airways through which odorants can be presented. Ordinarily, the passage of odorants through the airways is controlled by respiratory rhythm. This fact makes it difficult to control the timing and strength of an olfactory stimulus, since animals must breathe regularly, and the act of breathing itself also controls odorant presentation. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2018 15;2018:7928241. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, No. 1, Shuaifuyuan, Wangfujing, Dongcheng District, Beijing 100730, China.

Background: Inflammatory myofibroblastic tumor (IMT), as a mesenchymal tumor, is common in the lung and abdomen but rare in the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx.

Objective: This study aimed to summarize the clinical characteristics of IMT in the paranasal sinus and nasopharynx and analyze the relationship between the treatment and the overall survival (OS).

Method: The clinical features, treatment, and follow-up data of patients diagnosed with IMT of the paranasal sinus or nasopharynx from 2006 to 2017 were retrospectively analyzed, and the previous literature was reviewed. Read More

Int J Otolaryngol 2018 16;2018:8524861. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Jos University Teaching Hospital, PMB 2076, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria.

Background: Worldwide evidence indicates that environmental and life-style related factors are associated with increased risk for cancers in the head and neck region. We aim to study the association between these risk factors and cancers in the sinonasal and nasopharyngeal regions in our environment.

Methods: Longitudinal prospective cohort study at the Jos University Teaching Hospital, Jos, Nigeria. Read More

Can Vet J 2018 Nov;59(11):1209-1212

Small Animal Hospital, Texas A&M Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital, College of Veterinary Medicine & Biomedical Sciences, 402 Raymond Stotzer Parkway, College Station, Texas 77845, USA.

A 7-year-old castrated male Maltese dog was presented for increased respiratory sounds, inability to bark, dysphagia, and hyporexia. Radiographs revealed an ovoid, opaque mass in the caudal nasopharynx. An airway examination and computed tomography scan were followed by endoscopic polypoidectomy. Read More

Oral Oncol 2018 Nov 21;86:132-140. Epub 2018 Sep 21.

University of Maryland Greenebaum Comprehensive Cancer Center, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Objective: To evaluate OS and toxicity after definitive radiation with concurrent cetuximab (CTX-RT) compared to radiation with concurrent cytotoxic chemotherapy (CRT) in older HNSCC patients via the SEER-Medicare linked database.

Materials And Methods: We used the SEER-Medicare linked database to evaluate OS in HNSCC patients (Oropharynx, Larynx, Hypopharynx, Nasopharynx) diagnosed over 2005-2011, following FDA approval of cetuximab in combination with radiation therapy (RT) in March 2006.

Results: 2135 beneficiaries were identified. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Nov;97(45):e13022

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School & Chonnam National University Hwasun Hospital, Hwasun, South Korea.

Rationale: Seromucinous hamartoma is a rare benign glandular proliferation of the sinonasal tract and nasopharynx, and the majority of lesions occur on the posterior nasal septum.

Patient Concerns: The patient had complaints of rhinorrhea, sneezing, and itching for a number of years, and recurrent right nasal bleeding for which the patient underwent endoscopic removal of a right inferior turbinate tumor. The biopsy result was low-grade, non-intestinal type adenocarcinoma, and the patient was referred to our hospital. Read More

World Neurosurg 2018 Nov 4. Epub 2018 Nov 4.

Department of Neurosurgery, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Pituitary tumors are common, well-described skull base tumors of sellar origin. However, there are reports of rare ectopic pituitary tumors that are found exclusively outside of the sella turcica. Ectopic pituitary tumors have not been holistically analyzed. Read More

Am J Emerg Med 2018 Oct 18. Epub 2018 Oct 18.

Division of Emergency Medicine, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America; Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH, United States of America. Electronic address:

Background: Apneic oxygenation is the delivery of oxygen to the nasopharynx during intubation. It may mitigate the risk of oxyhemoglobin desaturation but has not been well-studied in children.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective, observational study of patients undergoing rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in a pediatric emergency department. Read More

J Am Vet Med Assoc 2018 Nov;253(10):1300-1308

OBJECTIVE To determine outcome for dogs and cats with benign nasopharyngeal stenosis or an imperforate nasopharynx that underwent balloon dilatation or metallic stent placement. DESIGN Retrospective case series. ANIMALS 15 dogs and 31 cats. Read More

Clin Perinatol 2018 Dec 18;45(4):751-767. Epub 2018 Sep 18.

Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, 601 North Caroline Street, Room 6161B, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA.

Congenital nasal deformities can cause nasal obstruction with early respiratory distress. Choanal atresia is characterized by no communication between the nasal cavity and nasopharynx. Pyriform aperture stenosis involves more anterior nasal obstruction with limited intranasal space. Read More

Papillomavirus Res 2018 Nov 1;6:58-62. Epub 2018 Nov 1.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of the Free State, Bloemfontein, South Africa; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Universitas Academic Hospital, Bloemfontein, South Africa. Electronic address:

Background: Most tumours of the head and neck are attributable to smoking and alcohol use, but an increasing proportion of head and neck tumours are caused by human papillomaviruses (HPVs). The aim of this study was to use in house molecular assays to detect and genotype HPV in biopsies from patients with histologically confirmed head and neck squamous cell carcinomas. In addition, the results were compared with p16 immunohistochemistry staining, which has been described as a potential marker for HPV infection. Read More

Appl Environ Microbiol 2018 Nov 2. Epub 2018 Nov 2.

Department of Oral Biology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway

is found in the oral cavity and nasopharynx and forms a significant portion of the human microbiome. In this study, analyses indicated the presence of an Rgg/SHP cell-to-cell communication system in Although Rgg presented higher similarity to a repressor in , auto-inducing assays and an deletion mutant revealed that in Rgg acts as an activator. Transcriptome analysis showed that in addition to , the system regulates two other downstream genes, comprising a segment of a putative lantibiotic gene cluster that is in a conjugative element locus in different members of the mitis group. Read More

Cancer Med 2018 Oct 30. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Institute of Clinical Epidemiology, Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety, Ministry of Education, Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment of Ministry of Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.

Background: Tooth loss contributes physically and psychologically to health, and quality of life has been a key indicator of the cancer survivors. However, it is less clear whether tooth loss has impact on cancer survivors' quality of life. Our study aimed to investigate the association between tooth loss, toothbrushing, and quality of life in cancer survivors. Read More

Cancer Med 2018 Oct 30. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Radiation Oncology, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Centre of Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Centre, Guangzhou, China.

Background: Pretreatment plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) DNA is an important tumor marker and prognostic factor in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC). This study aimed to clarify the relationship between plasma EBV DNA level and tumor burden.

Materials And Methods: Pretreatment tumor burden was measured by radiologically delineated volumes, including nasopharynx tumor volume (GTVnx) and malignant nodes volume (GTVnd); pretreatment level of plasma EBV DNA was quantified by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 Oct 29. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Department of Otolaryngology and Communication Enhancement.

Hairy polyps are benign lesions found in the oropharynx or nasopharynx that are thought to be present at birth and can lead to upper airway obstruction in infants. Also known as naso-oropharyngeal choristoma, they are increasingly viewed as aggregates of bigeminal tissue, likely from the first or second branchial arches, found in aberrant locations. They are benign lesions that are usually successfully treated by surgical excision. Read More

BMC Microbiol 2018 Oct 29;18(1):167. Epub 2018 Oct 29.

Public Health England, Microbiological Services, Porton Down, Salisbury, SP4 0JG, UK.

Background: Haemophilus influenzae is found in the nasopharynx of 80% of the human population. While colonisation with non-typeable Haemophilus influenzae (NTHi) is usually asymptomatic, it is capable of causing acute and chronic otitis media (OM) in infants, invasive disease in susceptible groups and is the leading cause of exacerbations of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Current methods for assessing functional antibody immunity to NTHi are limited and labour intensive. Read More

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Dec 14;115:6-9. Epub 2018 Sep 14.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, Charles University, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.

Aim: In patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD), the release of nitric oxide (NO) is extremely low by epithelia of the nasopharynx and sinuses. Measurement of nasal NO (nNO) is recommended as a screening test for PCD. The study aimed to evaluate if adenoids affects nNO and may deteriorate the performance of the test. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2018 Oct 23. Epub 2018 Oct 23.

Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangdong Key Laboratory of Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Diagnosis and Therapy, Guangzhou, China. Electronic address:

Purpose: To assess gross tumor regression and plasma Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-DNA levels at the end of intensity-modulated radiation therapy (IMRT) and its prognostic impact on patients with nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC).

Participants And Methods: In total, 397 patients with non-metastatic, histologically confirmed NPC were retrospectively examined. All patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the nasopharynx and neck, and plasma EBV DNA assays before treatment and at the end of IMRT. Read More

Resuscitation 2018 Oct 22. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Division of Cardiology, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA. Electronic address:

Purpose: Early initiation of hypothermia is recommended in the setting of cardiac arrest. Current hypothermia methods are invasive and expensive and not applicable in ambulatory settings. We investigated the evaporative cooling effect of high flow transnasal dry air on core esophageal temperature in human volunteers. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2018 Nov 22;132(11):978-983. Epub 2018 Oct 22.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology,Faculty of Medicine,Hacettepe University,Ankara,Turkey.

Objective: This study aimed to present the clinical features and surgical outcomes of juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma patients who were surgically treated.

Methods: The medical records of 48 male patients histologically confirmed as having juvenile nasopharyngeal angiofibroma, who underwent transnasal endoscopic surgery between 2005 and 2016, were retrospectively reviewed.

Results: The overall recurrence rate was 20. Read More

Radiother Oncol 2018 Oct 15. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Radiotherapy, University Medical Center Utrecht, the Netherlands.

Purpose: To quantify intrafractional motion to determine population-based radiotherapy treatment margins for head-and-neck tumors.

Methods: Cine MR imaging was performed in 100 patients with head-and-neck cancer on a 3T scanner in a radiotherapy treatment setup. MR images were analyzed using deformable image registration (optical flow algorithm) and changes in tumor contour position were used to calculate the tumor motion. Read More

Front Immunol 2018 2;9:2275. Epub 2018 Oct 2.

Biomedical Sciences, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, ND, United States.

() is a colonizer of the human nasopharynx (NP), causing a variety of infections in humans including otitis media, pneumonia, sepsis, and meningitis. The NP is an immune permissive site which allows for the persistence of commensal bacteria. Acute or chronic respiratory airway inflammation constitutes a significant risk factor for the manifestation of infections. Read More

Laryngoscope 2018 Oct 16. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Thyroid, Head and Neck Cancer (THANC) Foundation, New York, New York.

Objectives/hypothesis: This study examined saliva weight over time and its association with diet and patient-rated swallowing, dry mouth, sticky saliva, and dysgeusia quality of life in head and neck cancer (HNCA) patients treated with surgery plus adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (CRT), or primary CRT.

Study Design: Prospective cohort study in an outpatient HNCA center setting.

Methods: Patients were seen pretreatment, and 1, 3, 6, 12, 24, and 36 + months post-treatment. Read More

BMC Clin Pathol 2018 4;18:10. Epub 2018 Oct 4.

1Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Kyorin University School of Medicine, 6-20-2 Shinkawa, Mitaka, Tokyo 181-8611 Japan.

Background: Low-grade nasopharyngeal papillary adenocarcinoma (LGNPPA) is distinctly rare. We report a patient with a uniquely biphasic LGNPPA; additionally, we review similar tumors reported in the literature.

Case Presentation: A 56-year-old man presented with an asymptomatic pedunculated tumor in the vault of the nasopharynx, at the junction of the nasal septum and the roof, which was discovered during screening for laryngeal cancer. Read More

Wiley Interdiscip Rev Dev Biol 2018 Oct 15:e336. Epub 2018 Oct 15.

Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Graduate School of Dentistry, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.

Proper craniofacial development in vertebrates depends on growth and fusion of the facial processes during embryogenesis. Failure of any step in this process could lead to craniofacial anomalies such as facial clefting, which has been well studied with regard to its molecular etiology and cellular pathogenesis. Nasal cavity invagination is also a critical event in proper craniofacial development, and is required for the formation of a functional nasal cavity and airway. Read More

Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Sep 1;56(3):180-182. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Antalya Training and Research Hospital, Antalya, Turkey.

Chondrolipomas are benign mesenchymal tumors that have two mature tissues simultaneously and emerge as a result of cartilaginous metaplasia in lipomas. They rarely occur in the head and neck area (1%-4%), and occur more frequently in the 60-70 years age group. Although there are cases of the nasopharynx, tongue, lip, and neck reported in the literature, we have been able to find only two cases on tonsils. Read More

Turk Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Sep 1;56(3):177-179. Epub 2018 Sep 1.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Koç University Hospital, İstanbul, Turkey.

Nasopharyngeal glial heterotopia is a mass composed of mature neural tissue occurring outside the central nervous system and is extremely rare. The preoperative diagnosis of such a mass in the head and neck region is challenging. In this study, we report a case of a 16-month-old patient presenting with respiratory distress and snoring caused by nasopharyngeal glial heterotopia. Read More