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BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Oct 30;18(1):283. Epub 2018 Oct 30.

Department of Ophthalmology, Beijing Tongren Eye Center, Beijing Tongren Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences Key Lab, 1 Dongjiaominxiang, Dongcheng District, Beijing, 100730, China.

Background: Universal ocular screening of infants is not a standard procedure in children's health care system in China. This pilot study investigated prevalence of ocular abnormalities of 6 weeks-age infants using wide-field digital imaging system.

Methods: Infants aged 6 weeks around were consecutively enrolled in a public hospital between April 2015 and August 2016. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2018 Nov;66(11):1595-1599

Department of Biochemistry, School of Life Sciences, University of Hyderabad, Hyderabad, Telangana, India.

Purpose: To investigate the presence and patterns of lysosomal enzymes and mannose 6-phosophate receptor (MPRs) in human lacrimal drainage system.

Methods: The study was performed on healthy lacrimal sacs and nasolacrimal ducts obtained from exenteration samples immediately after surgery and frozen at -80°C for subsequent analysis. Soluble proteins' extract was used for enzyme assays, sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (PAGE), native PAGE, activity staining, and western blot analysis. Read More

Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2018 Nov 3;256(11):2097-2102. Epub 2018 Sep 3.

Institute of Anatomy II, Friedrich-Alexander University, Erlangen-Nürnberg, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate the presence and distribution of epithelial and non-epithelial cholinergic system and cholinergic brush cells in the human lacrimal drainage system.

Methods: The study was performed on fresh frozen human cadaveric samples of the lacrimal drainage system. Immunohistochemistry was performed for assessing the presence and distribution of cholinergic brush cell proteins-villin, acetylcholine synthesizing enzyme, choline acetyltransferase (ChAT); vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT); components of canonical taste transduction signaling cascade, phospholipase C β2 (PLCβ2), and transient receptor potential cation channel, subfamily M, and member 5 (TRPM5). Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2018 Oct 28;132(10):940-942. Epub 2018 Aug 28.

Department of Ophthalmology,Singleton Hospital,Swansea,Wales,UK.

Background: Submucosal diathermy to the inferior turbinate is a widely practised procedure to improve the nasal airway when nasal obstruction is due to hypertrophy of the inferior turbinate. This paper reports a case of an unusual nasolacrimal complication following submucosal diathermy to the inferior turbinate, and reviews the relevant literature.Case reportA 33-year-old male patient developed a patulous nasolacrimal duct opening following submucosal diathermy of the inferior turbinate. Read More

Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2018 Jun 16;275(6):1469-1475. Epub 2018 Apr 16.

Department of Otolaryngology, Alexandria Faculty of Medicine, 4 Kafr Abdou street # 605, Alexandria, 21529, Egypt.

Purpose: The current management options of congenital pyriform aperture stenosis (CNPAS) are either conservative measures awaiting further growth of the bony nasal framework or surgical intervention that focuses on bone removal from the margin of the pyriform aperture (PA) without exposure of the nasolacrimal duct (NLD) followed by stenting. Recently, CT measurements of the nasal cavity in CNPAS have shed light that the site of maximal bony obstruction corresponds to the bony buttress encasing the NLD rather than the margin of the PA as initially thought. Herein, we present an extramucosal pyriplasty technique that can be used without stenting to enlarge the PA and achieve immediate and sustained relief of nasal obstruction. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2018 Mar 23;41(3):206-211. Epub 2018 Mar 23.

Ophthalmology Department, University Hospital Necker-Enfants malades, AP-HP, Paris V René Descartes University, 149, rue de Sèvres, 75015 Paris, France; CNRS Research Unit FR3636, Paris V University, 75005 Paris, France.

Background: Tearing and conjunctivitis in children are commonly due to lacrimal drainage system obstruction. Congenital nasolacrimal obstruction is a common pathology treated by probing with or without silicone stent insertion, depending upon the age of the child. The silicone stent is self-retaining and placed for at least one month. Read More

BMC Immunol 2018 Jan 25;19(1). Epub 2018 Jan 25.

Institute for Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical Hospital Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 36, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany.

Background: The lymphatic vascular pattern in the head of mice has rarely been studied, due to problems of sectioning and immunostaining of complex bony structures. Therefore, the association of head lymphoid tissues with the lymphatics has remained unknown although the mouse is the most often used species in immunology.

Results: Here, we studied the association of nasal and nasolacrimal duct lymphatics with lymphoid aggregates in 14-day-old and 2-month-old mice. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 8;38(6):2463-2469. Epub 2017 Dec 8.

Institute of Anatomy, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Purpose: The objective of this study is to examine the morphometry of the lacrimal drainage system with reference to bony landmarks in the vicinity.

Methods: Twenty midsaggitalized heads obtained from sixteen preserved cadavers were studied. Measurements involved detailed morphometry of anterior and posterior lacrimal crests, bony lacrimal sac fossa, entrance and length of the bony nasolacrimal duct (NLD), attachment of Horner's muscle, and characteristics of the inferior meatal opening of the NLD. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2018 Jan/Feb;34(1):86-89

Purpose: To investigate the distribution of elastic fibers in lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct of Japanese cadavers.

Methods: We examined 8 lacrimal sacs and nasolacrimal ducts of 7 Japanese cadavers (4 right sides, 4 left sides; 3 males, 4 females; average age of 89 years at death) that were preserved with 10% buffered formalin. The harvested specimens were transversely sectioned. Read More

J Craniofac Surg 2017 Nov;28(8):e725-e728

*Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Radiology †Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Inonu University, Malatya, Turkey.

Objective: The cleft lip/palate (CLP) deformity negatively affects the anatomy of the nasal cavity and maxilla. The effects of this deformity on the lacrimal system have been unidentified yet. This study aimed to evaluate the morphometric changes in the nasolacrimal duct using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) in patients with unilateral CLP. Read More

Orbit 2017 Dec 24;36(6):441-444. Epub 2017 Aug 24.

b The Oculoplastic and Orbital Surgery Department of Wills Eye Hospital , Thomas Jefferson University Hospital , Philadelphia , Pennsylvania , USA.

Presented is a rare case of basaloid adenocarcinoma of the lacrimal sac. Low grade features of this malignancy permitted a conservative surgical approach to maximize functional and cosmetic outcomes. This is retrospective case description of a single 77-year-old-female patient who underwent a dacryocystorhinostomy with silicone tubes at an outside hospital for epiphora, but was referred to the Wills Eye Hospital Oculoplastics Department for a lacrimal sac biopsy showing low-grade carcinoma with basaloid features. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2017 Jun;80(3):172-175

Department of Ophthalmology, Escola Paulista de Medicina, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.

Purpose: To compared the ultrasound findings of the lacrimal sac between subjects with normal lacrimal systems those with chronic dacryocystitis.

Methods: A retrospective study of 10 subjects with a normal lacrimal system (Group 1) and 10 with chronic dacryocystitis (Group 2) diagnosed according to B-mode ultrasound with a 10-MHz transducer and the direct-contact technique (AVISO, Quantel Medical) for lacrimal sac assessment. We analyzed the dimensions, features, and content of the sacs. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 Sep/Oct;33(5):381-388

*Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Telangana, India, and †Institute of Anatomy II, Friedrich Alexander University of Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Purpose: To investigate the presence and distribution patterns of hormone receptors in the lacrimal drainage system in normal and diseased states.

Methods: The study was performed on cadaveric and clinical samples of the lacrimal drainage system. Immunohistochemical labeling was performed for assessing the presence and distribution of receptors of estrogen alpha, estrogen beta, aromatase (CYP19), testosterone, progesterone, oxytocin, prolactin, and somatostatins 1 to 5 (SSTR1, SSTR2, SSTR3, SSTR4, and SSTR5). Read More

Rom J Morphol Embryol 2017 ;58(2):537-544

Department of Neurosurgery, "Grigore T. Popa" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Iasi, Romania;

Purpose: Chronic dacryocystitis (CD) is an inflammation of the lacrimal sac and nasolacrimal duct with a long-standing evolution. The aims of this study were to analyze the epidemiology and to evaluate the histopathological features and the chronic inflammation score (CIS) system of chronic dacryocystitis in the region of Moldavia, Romania, over a period of 16 years.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective descriptive analysis of all pathological reports of chronic dacryocystitis from the Department of Pathology, "Prof. Read More

Indian J Dent Res 2017 Jan-Feb;28(1):105-108

Director and Consultant, Balaji Dental and Craniofacial Hospital, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India.

Tessier facial clefts are among the rarest facial clefts reported in literature and many contradicting issues have always been rising over the management and surgical approaches involved during the craniofacial cleft repair. Among the craniofacial clefts Tessier no. 4 is an extremely rare facial anomaly, and there are very few evidence which clearly describe the surgical approaches and techniques. Read More

Orbit 2017 Jun 8;36(3):137-143. Epub 2017 Mar 8.

a Govindram Seksaria of Dacryology , L. V. Prasad Eye Institute , Hyderabad , India.

The aim of this study was to illustrate the surgical techniques and utility of stereotactic or image-guided navigation in the management of lacrimal drainage obstruction in congenital arhinia-microphtalmia syndrome and review the relevant literature. Image-guided combined external and endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy was performed in a female, aged 16 years with congenital partial arhinia and ipsilateral microphthalmus. The lacrimal sac was bypassed to the contra lateral nasal cavity through a septal window. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2018 Feb 21;38(1):323-326. Epub 2017 Feb 21.

Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara Ataturk Education and Research Hospital, Yildirim Beyazit University, Ankara, Turkey.

Purpose: To evaluate the cytologic features of conjunctival epithelium in patients with unilateral primary acquired nasolacrimal duct obstruction (PANDO) using impression cytology.

Methods: Twenty-four patients with unilateral PANDO for at least 1 year were enrolled in this study. The healthy eyes of the patients are assessed as control group. Read More

Sleep Med 2017 01 5;29:35-36. Epub 2016 Nov 5.

University of Helsinki, Department of Ophthalmology, Finland.

Clin Ophthalmol 2017 30;11:127-133. Epub 2016 Dec 30.

Govindram Seksaria Institute of Dacryology.

Aim: The aim of this study was to report the preliminary experience with the techniques and utility of navigation-guided, 3D, computed tomography-dacryocystography (CT-DCG) in the management of secondary acquired lacrimal drainage obstructions.

Methods: Stereotactic surgeries using CT-DCG as the intraoperative image-guiding tool were performed in 3 patients. One patient had nasolacrimal duct obstruction (NLDO) following a complete maxillectomy for a sinus malignancy, and the other 2 had NLDO following extensive maxillofacial trauma. Read More

Arq Bras Oftalmol 2016 Sep-Oct;79(5):333-335

Department of Ophthalmology, Costa del Sol Hospital, Marbella, Malaga, Spain.

Lacrimal sac tumors are rare with a clinical presentation that typically includes obstruction of the lacrimal drainage system and epiphora as the most frequent symptom. Cribriform adenoid cystic carcinoma (ACC) is the most common malignant epithelial tumor of the lacrimal gland and minor salivary glands; however, its occurrence in the lacrimal drainage apparatus is extremely rare. Given the rarity of ACC, definitive diagnosis is almost invariably late conferring a poor prognosis. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2017 Apr 9;31(4):657-660. Epub 2016 Dec 9.

Department of Ophthalmology, Birmingham Children's Hospital NHS Trust, Birmingham, UK.

PurposeTo highlight the clinical and surgical considerations in treating patients with apparent recurrent acute dacryocystitis with a patent lacrimal system.MethodsThree children referred to a tertiary unit as recurrent acute dacryocystitis were reviewed retrospectively. Imaging and subsequent surgical intervention revealed the underlying diagnosis. Read More

Clin Ophthalmol 2016 21;10:2319-2324. Epub 2016 Nov 21.

The Institute of Dacryology.

Purpose: The aims of this study were to report the preliminary experience of using telescopes, which were enabled for navigation guidance, and their utility in complex endoscopic lacrimal surgeries.

Methods: Navigation enabling of the telescope was achieved by using the AxiEM™ malleable neuronavigation shunt stylet. Image-guided dacryolocalization was performed in five patients using the intraoperative image-guided StealthStation™ system in the electromagnetic mode. Read More

Eye (Lond) 2017 Apr 2;31(4):560-565. Epub 2016 Dec 2.

Hong Kong Eye Hospital, Hong Kong, China.

PurposeTo report long-term outcomes of punch punctoplasty utilizing the Kelly punch and to compare the results with other described methods of punctoplasty in literature.Patients and methodsA retrospective, non-comparative interventional case series of patients who underwent punch punctoplasty at the Hong Kong Eye Hospital over an 8-year period. A standard Kelly Descemet's membrane punch was utilized for punctal enlargement in all cases. Read More

Bosn J Basic Med Sci 2017 Feb 21;17(1):1-8. Epub 2017 Feb 21.

Institute of Ophthalmology, Clinical Center of Montenegro, Podgorica, Montenegro.

The main purpose of this paper is to provide the information about the incidence and types of pathology of secondary acquired obstructions of the lacrimal excretory outflow system caused by primary lacrimal sac non-neoplastic and neoplastic lesions. After a thorough literature search, 17 case-control studies were found and selected, data were extracted and categorized, to evaluate specific lacrimal sac pathology mimicking inflammation. A total of 3865 histopathologically examined lacrimal sac wall biopsy specimens from 3662 patients, taken during dacryocystorhinostomy for clinically presumed primary chronic dacryocystitis, were analyzed. Read More

J Med Liban 2016 Oct-Dec;64(4):223-7

The dacryoscanner is the imaging technique of choice in case of persistent tearing. It allows the opacification of nasolacrimal system, and thus determines the site and the origin of obstruction. The site could be the lacrimal canaliculus, the lacrimal sac, or the nasolacrimal duct. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 Jul/Aug;33(4):e86-e88

*Lakeland Eye, Cleveland Clinic, †Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, and ‡Department of Anatomic Pathology, Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.

A 67-year-old male with a 35-year history of left-sided epiphora presented with a nonpainful, noninflamed, left medial canthal mass and complete left nasolacrimal obstruction. During routine dacryocystorhinostomy, a lesion was present within the lacrimal sac that mimicked a lacrimal stone in appearance but with a consistency concerning for malignancy. Histologically, the lesion displayed apple-green birefringence on polarized light microscopy and Congo red staining. Read More

Cell Tissue Res 2016 Dec 6;366(3):667-677. Epub 2016 Sep 6.

Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, University Medical School Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.

Histological studies of the lymphatic vascular system in adult mice are hampered because bones cannot be sectioned properly. Here, we decalcified the heads of 14-day-old mice, embedded them in paraffin and stained resultant serial sections with the lymphendothelial-specific antibodies Lyve-1 and Podoplanin. We show that the tissues with the highest lymphatic vascular density are the dermis and the oral mucous membranes. Read More

Orbit 2016 Dec 25;35(6):321-323. Epub 2016 Aug 25.

a Orbital Plastic and Lacrimal Clinic , Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital , Melbourne , Australia.

Patients with conjunctival cicatrizing disease may develop lacrimal obstruction. Little is published on lacrimal obstruction as the presenting feature of otherwise asymptomatic cicatrizing conjunctival disease. The records of all patients presenting between 1994 and 2015 with lacrimal obstruction found to have cicatrizing conjunctival disease were reviewed. Read More

HNO 2016 Jun;64(6):403-16

Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Universitätsklinikum Halle (Saale), Ernst-Grube-Straße 40, 06120, Halle (Saale), Deutschland.

Background: Deposits (dacryoliths or foreign bodies) inside the lacrimal system can cause chronic inflammation and recurrent lacrimal stenosis. Furthermore, dacryoliths can occur due to chronic inflammation.

Objective: Considering typical clinical courses, the different localizations and surgical options for removing deposits from the lacrimal system are demonstrated. Read More

HNO 2016 Jun;64(6):354-66

Universitätsaugenklinik, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland.

Ophthalmologists and interventional radiologists are not the only professionals for whom diseases of the efferent tear duct system occupy centre stage; this applies also to ENT specialists involving endonasal conservative or surgical treatment. On the basis of current knowledge and taking account of results yielded by own research in recent years and of clinical aspects, we here give an overview of basic knowledge on the anatomy and physiology of the nasolacrimal system. In doing so functional aspects regarding tear transport as well as embryological and pathophysiological issues are integrated. Read More

HNO 2016 Jun;64(6):386-93

Zentrum für Augenheilkunde, Uniklinik Köln, Kerpener Straße 62, 50924, Köln, Deutschland.

Background: The prevalence of tumors affecting the lacrimal drainage system is low, thus generating a risk of late diagnosis and treatment in clinical routine. However, these tumors can be potentially life-threatening, which emphasizes the relevance of early diagnosis and treatment.

Objective: This review focuses on the symptoms, incidence, management, and prognosis of the different tumor entities affecting the lacrimal drainage system. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2017 May/Jun;33(3S Suppl 1):S165-S167

*Department of Ophthalmology, and †Department of Pathology, SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, U.S.A.

A 60-year-old man with no past medical history presented with a 14-month history of a painless medial left lower eyelid mass causing mechanical ectropion and discharge from the inferior punctum. Excisional biopsy was performed via a transconjunctival canaliculotomy and histopathology revealed a dense plasma cell infiltrate with IgG4+ plasma cells >100/high power field and an IgG4/IgG ratio of 65%. Serum IgG4 was found to be elevated at 224 mg/dl (reference range: 4-86 mg/dl). Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2016 Feb 1;39(2):213-8. Epub 2016 Feb 1.

Hôpital Robert-Debré, CHRU de Reims, avenue du M.L.-Koenig, 51092 Reims, France.

Lacrimal system injuries represent a significant part of ocular emergencies and mainly affect males of various ages including very young children. The most frequent presentations are canalicular laceration with a palpebral wound medial to the lacrimal punctum. The inferior canaliculus is the most commonly affected but bilateral injuries or injuries affecting both canaliculi can occur. Read More

PLoS One 2015 24;10(11):e0143058. Epub 2015 Nov 24.

Institute of Anatomy II, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany.

Background: Surfactant proteins (SPs) have been described in various tissues and fluids including tissues of the nasolacrimal apparatus, airways and digestive tract. Human testis have a glandular function as a part of the reproductive and the endocrine system, but no data are available on SPs in human testis and prostate under healthy and pathologic conditions.

Objective: The aim of the study was the detection and characterization of the surfactant proteins A, B, C and D (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, SP-D) in human testis. Read More

Orbit 2015 19;34(6):309-13. Epub 2015 Oct 19.

b Gailey Eye Clinic , Bloomington , Illinois , USA.

Purpose: To report the use of punctal plugs as a new modality to assist in the localization of lesions providing symptomatic relief in patients with haemolacria during their workup.

Methods: Retrospective case series.

Results: One boy and one girl, ages 16 and 20, respectively, reported spontaneous bloody tearing. Read More

Laryngorhinootologie 2015 Sep 14;94(9):615-34; quiz 635-7. Epub 2015 Sep 14.

A large number of different neoplastic, infective and autoimmunologic diseases can affect the lacrimal gland. Thorough imaging examinations can help to characterize lesions to narrow down possible differential diagnoses. Diseases of the lacrimal drainage system, especially obstructions with constant epiphora are often very irritating for the patients. Read More

Vet Ophthalmol 2016 Sep 4;19(5):427-31. Epub 2015 Sep 4.

Ophthalmology Service, Department of Clinical Science and Services, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hertfordshire, AL9 7TA, UK.

To describe the differential diagnoses, investigation, and management of a periocular swelling close to the nasolacrimal duct in a horse that was consistent with a nasolacrimal duct dacryops (lacrimal cyst). A 16-year-old gelding, Connemara cross presented with a history of a periocular swelling rostroventral medial to the right eye that had been sampled by the referring veterinary surgeon. A cystic lesion was diagnosed following standing computed tomography. Read More

Biomed Res 2015 ;36(4):263-72

Laboratory of Histology and Cytology, Department of Anatomy, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine.

GP2 is a membrane-associated secretory protein originally identified in zymogen granules of pancreatic acinar cells. Recently, this glycoprotein has attracted attention as a marker substance of M cells of Peyer's patches and for its involvement in the selective uptake of pathological bacteria via M cells. When we stained the conjunctiva and tear ducts of mice using a GP2 antibody, all goblet cells in the squamous stratified epithelium of the conjunctiva were intensely immunolabeled, while goblet cells in the intestine and airway were devoid of the immunoreactivity, indicating that the conjunctiva contains a special type of goblet cell. Read More

ScientificWorldJournal 2015 21;2015:170841. Epub 2015 Jun 21.

Sisli Hamidiye Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Halaskargazi Avenue, Etfal Street, Sisli, 34371 Istanbul, Turkey.

Purpose: To compare the outcomes of external dacryocystorhinostomy (E-DCR) by using two different flap anastomosis patterns and skin incision types.

Methods: This study included 79 patients (88 eyes) with lacrimal drainage system disorders who underwent E-DCR surgery. Fifty eyes of 44 patients (group A) underwent E-DCR by suturing anterior and posterior flaps (H-flap) of the lacrimal sac with curvilinear skin incision whereas in 38 eyes of 35 patients (group B) DCR was performed by suturing only anterior flaps (U-flap) with W skin incision. Read More

J Laryngol Otol 2015 Jul;129 Suppl 3:S53-7

Background: Nasolacrimal duct obstruction is common and is usually a result of benign stricture formation.Although neoplasia near or around the lacrimal system may produce epiphora, the incidence of neoplasia from within the lacrimal system as a cause of nasolacrimal duct obstruction is not well documented.

Methods: A retrospective study was performed on all patients undergoing dacryocystorhinostomy with a history of epiphora. Read More

Orbit 2015 29;34(4):220-2. Epub 2015 Jun 29.

Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario , London, Ontario , Canada .

We report a case of a 44-year-old man who presented with a left medial canthal mass and epiphora. Imaging was suggestive of a mass continuous with the nasolacrimal sac. Subsequent surgical exploration revealed a mass adherent to bone with invasion of the lacrimal system. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2015 Sep-Oct;31(5):414-7

*Dacryology Service, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad; †Department of Pathology, Global Hospital, Hyderabad; and ‡Ruska Labs, Hyderabad, India.

Aim: The aim of this study was to examine the ultrastructural features of the external and internal surfaces of healthy lacrimal drainage systems.

Methods: A prospective interventional study was performed on the healthy adult lacrimal drainage systems obtained from fresh exenterated specimens. Exenteration was performed for malignancies unrelated to lacrimal system where preoperative lacrimal evaluation was normal. Read More

Indian J Ophthalmol 2015 Mar;63(3):282-4

Department of Ophthalmology, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Neoplasms of the lacrimal drainage system are uncommon, but potentially life-threatening and are often difficult to diagnose. Among primary lacrimal sac tumors, benign mixed tumors are extremely rare. Histologically, benign mixed tumors have been classified as a type of benign epithelial tumor. Read More

Klin Monbl Augenheilkd 2015 Jul 7;232(7):881-5. Epub 2015 Apr 7.

Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik für Augenheilkunde, Martin-Luther-Universität Halle-Wittenberg, Halle/Saale.

Background: Pathologies of the lacrimal duct system show a frequent occurrence in paediatric ophthalmology. Mostly, the connection between the nasolacrimal duct and the nose fails to open but also combined diseases or congenital anomalies may be the reason. Because of complications, the chance for healing after a conservative therapeutic approach decreases and surgical intervention is necessary. Read More

J Morphol 2015 Sep 3;276(9):1005-24. Epub 2015 Apr 3.

Department of Biology, College of Charleston, Charleston, South Carolina, 29424.

The nasolacrimal apparatus (NLA) is a multicomponent functional system comprised of multiple orbital glands (up to four larger multicellular exocrine structures), a nasal chemosensory structure (vomeronasal organ: VNO), and a connecting duct (nasolacrimal duct: NLD). Although this system has been described in all tetrapod vertebrate lineages, albeit not always with all three main components present, considerably less is known about its ontogeny. The Mongolian gerbil (Meriones unguiculatus) is a common lab rodent in which the individual components of the adult NLA have been well studied, but as yet nothing is known about the ontogeny of the NLA. Read More

Int Ophthalmol 2015 Dec 14;35(6):807-10. Epub 2015 Feb 14.

Dacryology Service, L.V. Prasad Eye Institute, Road No 2, Banjara Hills, P.O. Box 34, Hyderabad, India.

The purpose of this study was to report various conditions masquerading as congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO). Retrospective review was designed in a tertiary hospital setting. 92 eyes of 65 consecutive patients were included in this study. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2016 Jan-Feb;32(1):11-6

*Section Oculofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Ohio University/OhioHealth, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.; †Department of Medical Education, Mount Carmel Health Systems, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.; ‡Department of Ophthalmology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.; §Department of Biology, Wittenberg University, Springfield, Ohio, U.S.A.; ‖Department of Ophthalmology, William H. Havener Eye Institute, The Ohio State University Wexner Medical Center, Columbus, Ohio, U.S.A.; and ¶The Sinus Institute of Ohio, Dublin, Ohio, U.S.A.

Purpose: To investigate variation in aeration of the nasolacrimal drainage system between age groups and genders, and to report the reliability of repeated aeration grading and nasolacrimal canal measurements on CT.

Methods: Retrospective review of CT images from 92 individuals, 60 female and 32 male, was conducted by 3 independent reviewers for the presence of air within the nasolacrimal drainage system. Diameter and area measurements were also obtained at the smallest identifiable portion of the nasolacrimal canal by 2 independent reviewers. Read More

Arch Soc Esp Oftalmol 2015 Mar 15;90(3):144-7. Epub 2014 Nov 15.

Servicio de Párpados, Órbita y Vía Lagrimal, Asociación para evitar la Ceguera IAP, Hospital Dr. Luis Sánchez Bulnes, México DF, México.

Case Report: The case is presented of a 51 year-old woman with a firm mass at the medial canthus of the right eye of five years onset. A low-grade lymphoproliferative lesion (reactive lymphoid hyperplasia) was diagnosed from an excisional biopsy

Discussion: Lacrimal sac tumors are rare, with a peak incidence in the fifth decade of life. The initial clinical features are epiphora and medial canthus swelling. Read More

Ophthalmic Plast Reconstr Surg 2015 Jul-Aug;31(4):318-20

Dacryology Service, L. V. Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, Andhra Pradesh, India.

Purpose: To report the clinical profiles and outcomes of buried probe variant of complex congenital nasolacrimal duct obstruction (CNLDO).

Methods: Retrospective chart review of all patients endoscopically diagnosed as a buried probe variant of complex CNLDO, over a 3.5 year period from a single surgeon's (MJA) database were included in the study. Read More