Search Our Scientific Publications & Authors

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 23;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 23.

The Cambridge Colorectal Unit, Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Cambridge, UK.

Small bowel obstruction (SBO) is common surgical presenting problem, accounting for roughly 15 000 laparotomies per year in the UK. However, SBO post laparoscopic transabdominal preperitoneal (TAPP) inguinal hernia repair is uncommon with an estimated incidence of 0.2%-0. Read More

Saudi J Anaesth 2019 Apr-Jun;13(2):174

[This retracts the article on p. 283 in vol. 11, PMID: 28757827. Read More

J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2019 Apr 21:1-191. Epub 2019 Apr 21.

f Istituto Giannina Gaslini, Neonatal Intensive Care Unit , Genova , Italy.

Aims: To investigate timing of oral feeding (OF) introduction and full oral feeding (FOF) achievement in preterm infants and to explore factors associated with feeding progression.

Methods: Retrospective review of 100 medical records of preterms ≤ 32 weeks of gestation (GA) without major complication. Outcome measures were timing of OF introduction, transition time from nasogastric tube to FOF and FOF achievement. Read More

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Apr 20;12(4). Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Allegiance Health, Jackson, Michigan, USA.

The interactions between opioids and gabapentin are more clinically relevant than ever. Prescriptions dispensed for gabapentin increased from 39 million in 2012 to 64 million in 2018 in the USA and are ever increasing. Authors present a challenging case of these interactions. Read More

Paediatr Respir Rev 2019 Apr 4. Epub 2019 Apr 4.

Department of Pediatrics, Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.

Background: Aspiration can cause acute symptoms and chronic lung disease in the developing lung. However, the source of aspiration in infants is often unclear, making the choice of intervention difficult.

Objective: To quantify the source, amount and duration of lung aspiration in infants using gamma scintigraphy. Read More

J Pain Symptom Manage 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Division of Hematology-Oncology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Linkou, Taiwan; Department of Nursing, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital at Kaohsiung, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Purpose: To examine the effectiveness of an advance care planning (ACP) intervention in facilitating concordance between cancer patients' preferred and received life-sustaining treatment (LST) states and to explore modifiable factors facilitating or impeding such concordance.

Methods: Terminal cancer patients (N=460) were randomly assigned 1:1 to the experimental and control arms of a randomized clinical trial, with 430 deceased participants comprising the final sample. States of preferred LSTs (cardiopulmonary resuscitation, intensive care unit care, chest compression, intubation with mechanical ventilation, intravenous nutrition, and nasogastric tube feeding) and LSTs received in the last month were examined by hidden Markov modeling. Read More

Lancet Child Adolesc Health 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Department of Medicine, School of Clinical Sciences at Monash Health, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; Paediatric Emergency Department, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.

Background: Nasogastric tube insertion is a common but distressing procedure in young children. We aimed to compare the efficacy of topical local anaesthetic and vasoconstrictor nasal spray with placebo for distress related to nasogastric tube insertion.

Methods: We did a prospective, randomised, controlled, double-blind, superiority trial in a single tertiary paediatric emergency department in Australia. Read More

Dis Colon Rectum 2019 Apr 15. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

Background: Postoperative ileus after colorectal surgery is a frequent problem that significantly prolongs hospital stay and increases perioperative costs.

Objective: The aim was to evaluate the effect of standardized coffee intake on postoperative bowel movement after elective laparoscopic colorectal resection.

Design: This is a prospective randomized controlled trial that was conducted between September 2014 and December 2016. Read More

Intern Med 2019 Apr 17. Epub 2019 Apr 17.

Department of Neurology, Kochi Medical School, Kochi University, Japan.

Various methods of rehabilitation for dysphagia have been suggested through the experience of treating stroke patients. Although most of these patients recover their swallowing function in a short period, dysphagia in Parkinson's disease (PD) and Parkinson-related disorder (PRD) degenerates with disease progression. Muscle rigidity and bradykinesia are recognized as causes of swallowing dysfunction, and it is difficult to easily apply the strategies for stroke to the rehabilitation of dysphagia in PD patients. Read More

Nutr Neurosci 2019 Apr 15:1-10. Epub 2019 Apr 15.

a Department of General Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics , University Hospital Heidelberg , Germany.

Objectives: Excess sugar consumption, particularly in the form of sweetened beverages, has been identified as a pivotal contributor to the epidemic of obesity and associated metabolic disorders. However, the impact of sugar-sweetened beverages on food craving is still inconclusive. Therefore, the present study aimed to specifically investigate the effects of an intestinal glucose load on neural processing of food cues. Read More

Cardiology 2019 Apr 12;142(1):39. Epub 2019 Apr 12.

Bristol-Myers Squibb, Innovative Medicines Development, Princeton, New Jersey, USA,

Radiol Case Rep 2019 Jun 27;14(6):697-699. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Department of Radiology and Imaging Sciences, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA.

Cecal bascule is a unique form of large bowel volvulus in which the cecum folds anterior to the ascending colon and generates a flap valve which impairs cecal emptying and results in cecal dilation [1]. Presenting symptoms include nausea, vomiting, abdominal pain, distension, and constipation. We report a case of a 74-year-old male who developed abdominal pain and nausea after a coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Read More

Tokai J Exp Clin Med 2019 Apr 20;44(1):5-8. Epub 2019 Apr 20.

Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan.

A 95-year-old man was admitted to the hospital due to a sudden onset of nausea and abdominal pain. Physical examination revealed abdominal distension with mild epigastric tenderness. Computed tomography showed a grossly distended stomach with displacement of the antrum above the esophago-gastric junction, and he was diagnosed with acute mesentero-axial gastric volvulus. Read More

J Pediatr 2019 Apr 3. Epub 2019 Apr 3.

Department of Surgery, Division of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery; Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders. Electronic address:

Objective: To assess incidence, risk factors for, and impact on outcomes of postextubation dysphagia. We hypothesized that the incidence of postextubation dysphagia in pediatric patients would approximate or exceed that in adults, that age and duration of intubation would increase odds for postextubation dysphagia, and that the presence of postextubation dysphagia would negatively impact patient outcomes.

Study Design: We performed a retrospective, observational cohort study of patients aged 0-16 years admitted between 2011 and 2017. Read More

Ginekol Pol 2019 ;90(3):167-172

Department of Gynecology, Obstetrics and Gynecologic Oncology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Poznan, Poland.

Cancer patients are at risk of developing malnutrition from underlying disease as well as from cancer treatment. Moreover, weight loss is considered as a predictive factor for disease progression and shorter survival time. As many as 10-20% of patients with cancer die from the results of malnutrition, instead of from the cancer itself. Read More

Surg Endosc 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Department of Medical Education, Patient Safety and Clinical Competency Center, Albany Medical College, Albany, NY, USA.

Background: Sleeve gastrectomy is an effective surgical treatment for morbid obesity. The major technical risk of this procedure is staple line dehiscence. Some surgeons are reluctant to place a nasogastric tube (NGT) blindly due to the perceived risk of damage to the staple line. Read More

J Clin Nurs 2019 Apr 2. Epub 2019 Apr 2.

Division of Nursing, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.

Aims: To explore patients and carers' experience and perceptions of different modalities of long-term enteral feeding.

Background: With an aging population in Singapore, there is a concomitant increase in number of patients with dysphagia; and hence increase in prevalence of enteral feeding. It is essential to understand experiences of patients and home carers with long term home enteral feeding and perceptions of different modalities in order to better provide support. Read More

Urology 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Urology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA; Winship Cancer Institute, Emory Healthcare, Atlanta, GA.

Objective: To educate surgeons of distal colon urinary diversion as an alternative to ileal conduit. To assess peri-operative outcomes of distal colon conduit in pelvic exenteration including conduit-related, gastrointestinal, infectious, metabolic, and wound complications within 30 days, 31-89 days, and greater than 90 days from the time of surgery.

Materials & Methods: Forty-one patients who underwent distal colon urinary diversion for malignancy, fistula, or neurogenic bladder were identified in our IRB approved database from 1/2005 - 7/2017 RESULTS: Twenty-six (63. Read More

Case Rep Crit Care 2019 24;2019:1571423. Epub 2019 Feb 24.

Department of Surgery, Harlem Hospital Center, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY, USA.

Methemoglobinemia is a rare complication in clinical practice. It is most commonly seen in patients undergoing endoscopic procedures, including EGDs, laryngoscopies, bronchoscopies, and nasogastric tube insertions. This is thought to be a disease seen almost exclusively in patients with genetic predispositions to develop it; the increasing use of topical anesthetics during procedures has made methemoglobinemia a disease entity that every clinical provider should be able to recognize and treat. Read More

Pan Afr Med J 2018 5;31:15. Epub 2018 Sep 5.

Department of Neurosurgery, Faculty of Medicine, Pelita Harapan University, Neuroscience Centre Siloam Hospital Lippo Village, Tanggerang, Indonesia.

Bacterial ventriculitis is one of the most common and serious complications of shunt placement. Shunt infection has varied management and is difficult to treat neurosurgically. We report a case of intraventricular empyema due to shunt infection. Read More

JPEN J Parenter Enteral Nutr 2019 Mar 25. Epub 2019 Mar 25.

Department of Pediatrics, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.

Background: Gastrostomy tube (G-tube) placement is a long-term alternative to oral or nasogastric feeding for premature infants who cannot safely feed orally or need supplemental nutrition for adequate growth.

Methods: We compared daily weight changes for G-tube infants 14 and 30 days preplacement and postplacement, excluding the first 7 days post-G-tube insertion. Infants <37 weeks of gestation without major congenital anomalies and discharged from 327 United States neonatal intensive care units (2004-2013) were included. Read More

J Pediatr Gastroenterol Nutr 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Faculty of Health Sciences, The University of Sydney.

Objectives: This study investigated biological factors which may influence the time taken for children to wean from enteral to oral intake.

Methods: Retrospective case-note audit of 62 tube fed children (nasogastric (NG) or percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG)) aged 6 months to 8 years, participating in an intensive tube weaning program. Program design included family focused mealtimes, child autonomy and appetite stimulation. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2019 Feb;11(Suppl 2):S172-S176

Division of Thoracic Surgery, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.

Traumatic esophageal perforations are rare but difficult to treat injuries. We review the principles of work-up, anatomy and treatment of cervical, thoracic and abdominal traumatic esophageal perforations. Management is dictated by location of the perforation and any concurrent injuries. Read More

Clin Nutr ESPEN 2019 Apr 23;30:67-72. Epub 2019 Feb 23.

Alice Lee Centre for Nursing Studies, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore. Electronic address:

Background: With an aging population, there is a concomitant increase in number of patients with dysphagia; and hence increase in prevalence of enteral feeding. Health care professionals play a critical role in informing decisions of patients and caregivers on their choice of modality for long-term home enteral feeding.

Aims: To explore the perceptions of health care professionals on different modalities for enteral feeding and their experiences in initiating long-term enteral feeding among adult patients. Read More

Saudi J Gastroenterol 2019 Mar 18. Epub 2019 Mar 18.

Department of Gastroenterology, Shengjing Hospital Affiliated to China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China.

Background/aims: To assess the frequency of and risk factors for intolerance to enteral nutrition through nasogastric (NG) or nasojejunal (NJ) tube feeding in patients with moderately severe acute pancreatitis.

Patients And Methods: Patients who underwent enteral nutrition via the nasojejunal tube or nasogastric tube, from January 2012 to December 2017, were enrolled. Demographic and etiological data, admission variables, enteral nutrition related variables, and radiological variables were evaluated using univariate and multivariate analysis. Read More

J Pediatr Psychol 2019 Mar 21. Epub 2019 Mar 21.

University of Auckland.

Objective: To evaluate a home-based behavioral treatment model for children with tube dependency.

Methods: Nine children (aged 4-14 years) dependent on nasogastric and gastrostomy tubes were consecutively admitted into a home-based behavioral treatment program. A psychologist specializing in applied behavior analysis led the assessment and treatment phases with the support of caregivers and a multidisciplinary team. Read More

J Digit Imaging 2019 Mar 19. Epub 2019 Mar 19.

Department of Radiology & Imaging Sciences Emory University, 1364 Clifton Rd NE, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.

To minimize errors in imaging studies, a camera system was developed that acquires images of patients simultaneously with radiographic images. Thirty-seven chest/abdomen portable radiographs showing central lines, orogastric/nasogastric/endotracheal tubes with patient photographs were viewed by six radiologists while eye-position was recorded. They indicated whether each line/tube was present/absent and rated confidence. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2019 Mar;98(11):e14861

Department of Gastrointestinal Surgery.

The aim of the study was to observe the curative effect of long intestinal tube (LT) in the treatment of phytobezoar intestinal obstruction.We performed a retrospective study of patients with phytobezoar intestinal obstruction who underwent decompression with different tube insertion method. A total of 80 patients were collected and divided into nasogastric tube (NGT) group (n = 36) and LT group (n = 44) between August 2015 and August 2018 at our hospital. Read More

Aging Clin Exp Res 2019 Mar 14. Epub 2019 Mar 14.

The Department of Family Medicine, MacKay Memorial Hospital, No. 92, Sec. 2, Zhongshan N. Rd., Zhongshan Dist., Taipei, 104, Taiwan, ROC.

Background: Pneumonia is a leading cause of hospitalization and death worldwide. However, studies focusing on risk factors of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in the home health care (HHC) population remain scarce.

Aims: This study aimed to evaluate risk factors associated with hospitalization for CAP among HHC patients in Taiwan. Read More

J Thorac Dis 2019 Jan;11(1):302-307

State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510080, China.

Delayed gastric conduit emptying (DGE) is a common complication after esophagectomy. Currently, pyloric interventions are the major prevention and treatment for DGE. In this review, we attempt to evaluate the clinical effect and safety of different pyloric interventions in esophagectomy patients. Read More

Pediatr Blood Cancer 2019 Mar 11:e27702. Epub 2019 Mar 11.

Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, The Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.

Children with cancer are at risk of malnutrition, which can impair critical childhood processes of growth and development and contribute to poor health outcomes. Enteral nutrition can effectively ameliorate malnutrition or weight loss in children with cancer; however, published nutrition support algorithms contain minimal specific information on gastrostomy tube use, and current literature is limited. Decisions about gastrostomy tube insertion in children with cancer can be challenging. Read More

J Bioeth Inq 2019 Mar 8. Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Joyce and Irving Goldman Medical School, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 1 Ben-Gurion Boulevard, Israel, P.O.B. 653, Beer-Sheva, Israel.

Purpose: To determine motives and attitudes towards life-sustaining treatments (LSTs) by clinical and preclinical medical students.

Methods: This was a scenario-based questionnaire that presented patients with a limited life expectancy. The survey was distributed among 455 medical students in preclinical and clinical years. Read More

Anesthesiology 2019 Mar 4. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

From the University of Miami, Miami, Florida (B.A., K.C., Y.F.R.-B.) Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida (S.A.D., B.A., K.C., Y.F.R.-B.).

World J Gastrointest Surg 2019 Feb;11(2):93-100

Surgical Oncology Unit, Division of General Surgery, Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa 35254, Israel.

Background: Single loop reconstruction (SLR) was routine in our institution for patients undergoing pancreatico-duodenectomy (PD). Roux-en Y reconstruction with an isolated gastric limb (RIGL) recently became the reconstruction of choice.

Aim: To evaluate the impact of RIGL on incidence and severity of delayed gastric emptying (DGE). Read More

Nutr Hosp 2019 Mar;36(1):233-237

Hospital Universitario Gran Canaria Dr. Negrín.

Introduction: Objective: to present the results of the Spanish home enteral nutrition (HEN) registry of the NADYA-SENPE group for the year 2016 and 2017. Material and methods: from January 1st 2016 to December 31st 2017, the HEN registry was recorded and afterwards a further descriptive and analytical analysis was done. Results: in 2016, 4,578 active patients were recorded and prevalence was 98. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2019 Mar 4;13(1):50. Epub 2019 Mar 4.

Division of Trauma and Surgical Critical Care, Department of Surgery, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Banpo-daero 222, Seocho-gu, Seoul, 137-701, Korea.

Background: Myxedema coma is profound decompensated hypothyroidism usually precipitated by stressors, and its occurrence in association with total thyroidectomy or metabolic disorders, such as diabetic ketoacidosis, is unusual.

Case Presentation: A 43-year-old Asian man with history of total thyroidectomy who was scheduled for a second radioactive iodine therapy presented to our hospital with decreased mental status and hyperglycemia. He had a history of thyroid cancer but did not have diabetes mellitus. Read More

Lin Chung Er Bi Yan Hou Tou Jing Wai Ke Za Zhi 2019 Feb;33(2):148-151

Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100032, China.

To explore the clinical characteristics and treatment methods of esophageal foreign body. The clinical data of 234 patients with esophageal foreign bodies admitted to our department from January 2015 to August 2018 were retrospectively analyzed, including course time, foreign body types, surgical methods, imaging manifestations and treatment related complications. The diagnosis of esophageal foreign bodies was confirmed by esophageal CT or esophageal barium meal X-ray examination before operation in 234 patients. Read More

A A Pract 2019 Feb 21. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

From the Departments of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine and.

Children with acute pancreatitis may develop chronic abdominal wall pain after resolution of clinical, laboratory, and radiographic signs of disease. We describe a 13-year-old boy who underwent an unrevealing, complex diagnostic evaluation for persistent abdominal pain after resolution of acute pancreatitis. His pain required an extended leave of absence from school and nasogastric tube feeds. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2019 Feb 21;46:1-5. Epub 2019 Feb 21.

Sparrow Hospital, United States of America; Wayne State University College of Nursing, United States of America.

Purpose: The purpose of this EBP project was to align NG and OG tube placement and verification practices with evidence-based recommendations for children.

Practice Change: An evidence-based NG/OG Tube Placement Algorithm was developed. The algorithm provided an individualized approach based on patient condition as well as a tiered approach that incorporated radiographs, tube measurement and marking, and pH testing. Read More

J Am Dent Assoc 2019 Feb 16. Epub 2019 Feb 16.

Asian J Surg 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. Electronic address:

Background/objective: Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) is one of the most frequent complications after pyloric preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy (PPPD). The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of antecolic versus retrocolic reconstruction of gastroentric anastomosis on DGE after PPPD.

Methods: 30 patients with diagnosis of operable periampullary malignancies who candidate for PPPD, randomized in two equal groups. Read More

J Pediatr Nurs 2019 Feb 17. Epub 2019 Feb 17.

Faculty of Health, Science and Technology, Institution for Health, Karlstad University, Karlstad, Sweden; University Health Care Research Center, School of Health and Medical Sciences, Örebro University, Örebro, Sweden. Electronic address:

Purpose: The aim of this study was to describe the fears of 5- to 9-year-old children related to having acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) and their strategies for coping with those fears.

Design And Methods: The study had a qualitative descriptive longitudinal design and included a total of 35 interviews with 13 children at three different times during their treatment period. Data were analyzed using a matrix-based method inspired by the work of Miles et al. Read More

Am J Case Rep 2019 Feb 20;20:224-227. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of General Medicine/Family and Community Medicine, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Nagoya, Aichi, Japan.

BACKGROUND Intramural hematoma of the esophagus (IHE), a rare manifestation of acute mucosal injuries of the esophagus, can be caused by trauma such as endoscopic surgeries. Coagulation disorders increase the risk of IHE. The most common location of IHE is in the distal esophagus. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2019 Feb 18. Epub 2019 Feb 18.

Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Cruces University Hospital, Barakaldo, Bizkaia, Spain.

Background: Nasal continuous-positive airway pressure (nCPAP) with the INSURE (INtubation-SURfactant-Extubation) or LISA (Less-Invasive Surfactant Administration) procedures are increasingly being chosen as the initial treatment for neonates with surfactant deficiency. Our objective was to compare the effects on cerebral oxygenation of different methods for surfactant administration: INSURE and LISA, using a nasogastric tube (NT) or a LISAcath® catheter, in spontaneously breathing SF-deficient newborn piglets.

Methods: Eighteen newborn piglets with SF-deficient lung injury produced by repetitive bronchoalveolar lavages were randomly assigned to INSURE, LISA-NT, or LISAcath® groups. Read More

Zhen Ci Yan Jiu 2019 Jan;44(1):43-6

Intensive Care Unit, Changxing County Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Huzhou 313000, Zhejiang Province, China.

Objective: To observe the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture of Huatuo Jiaji (EX-B2) in the treatment of gastrointestinal dysfunction in sepsis patients, aiming at providing new clinical approach and evidence for improving septic gastrointestinal activity.

Methods: A total of 40 patients with septic gastrointestinal dysfunction who met our inclusive criteria were randomly divided into control group and treatment group (＝20 cases in each). Patients in the control group received routine treatment of nasogastric mosapride citrate (5 mg/time, three times a day) and tifidobacterium triple viable capsules (420 mg, twice a day), intravenous infusion of omeprazole (40 mg, twice a day), rational dose of antibiotics, maintenance treatment of functions of the heart, lung, brain, kidney and other important organs and water electrolyte balance, as well as symptomatic treatment. Read More

J Vasc Interv Radiol 2019 Feb 14. Epub 2019 Feb 14.

Department of Interventional and Diagnostic Imaging, Cancer Center Antoine Lacassagne, Nice 06189, France. Electronic address:

Percutaneous radiologic gastrostomy (PRG) requires preliminary gastric inflation through a nasogastric tube (NGT) to safely perform gastric puncture. However, in case of pharyngeal or esophageal obstruction, NGT placement may be impossible even with a hydrophilic angiography catheter and wire. This brief report describes percutaneous computed tomography (CT)-guided gastrostomy with a 2-stick approach without nasogastric insufflation in 13 patients. Read More

J Pediatr Surg 2019 Jan 22. Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Pediatric Surgery department, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt.

Background: Difficult caustic esophageal strictures may need a more sophisticated dilatation technique before referring for esophageal replacement surgery.

Patients & Method: Retrospective review of caustic esophageal strictures managed at our center between January 2010 and June 2018 was done. Twenty two patients labeled as undilatable strictures were enrolled. Read More