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Ophthalmic Physiol Opt 2022 May 22. Epub 2022 May 22.

Eye Hospital and School of Ophthalmology and Optometry, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China.

Purpose: To investigate whether the treatment zone (TZ) decentration in orthokeratology (OK) lenses affects retinal expansion in Chinese children with myopia.

Methods: Children aged 8 to 13 years (n = 30) were assessed over 13 months comprising 12 months of OK lens wear followed by discontinuation of lens wear for 1 month. Corneal topography was measured at 0, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 13 months. Read More

Respirology 2022 May 21. Epub 2022 May 21.

Department of Physiology, Biomedicine Discovery Institute, Monash University, Melbourne, Victoria.

Background And Objective: Upper airway surgery for obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) is an alternative treatment for patients who are intolerant of continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP). However, upper airway surgery has variable treatment efficacy with no reliable predictors of response. While we now know that there are several endotypes contributing to OSA (i. Read More

Eur Ann Otorhinolaryngol Head Neck Dis 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, 3-19-18 Nishi-shinbashi, Minato-ku, Tokyo, 105-8471, Japan.

Aims: Endoscopic modified transseptal bi-nostril approach minimizes turbinate and olfactory mucosal invasion and ensures preservation of the turbinates and bilateral olfaction. The main objective of this study was to investigate the pre- and postoperative variations in olfactory function in patients using this approach, and the secondary objective was to investigate the complications associated with the surgical procedure.

Material And Methods: This study is a single-center prospective cohort study using STROBE analysis. Read More

Int J Infect Dis 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

German Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Berlin, Germany.

Objectives: The coronavirus SARS-CoV-2 is highly contagious, and can only be contained if the majority of the population takes measures to protect themselves against infection. The present study aimed at investigating personal protective measures, their development over the course of the pandemic in Germany, and potential differences in behavior regarding gender, age, and education.

Methods: Data from 20 waves of the serial cross-sectional study "BfR-Corona-Monitor" were analyzed. Read More

Eur J Cell Biol 2022 May 18;101(3):151231. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Genetics and Genome Sciences, and Case Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA. Electronic address:

The evolutionary relationship of cells within tissues having a similar function but located in different anatomical sites is of considerable biological interest. The development of single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) protocols has greatly enhanced opportunities to address this topic. Here we focus on cells in the epithelium which lines two regions of the human respiratory tract and the male genital ducts to delineate the shared, differentiated functions of the different cell populations. Read More

J Mech Behav Biomed Mater 2022 May 14;132:105272. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Information Engineering, University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy. Electronic address:

Background: A continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) mask is a respiratory ventilation method used for treating breathing disorders including respiratory failure and obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA). The forces applied by a CPAP mask may affect facial development and lead to pressure ulcers. In an experimental setting, the magnitude and the distribution of the contact pressures developed by a CPAP mask on the face were investigated for providing information aiming at optimizing the design of the device. Read More

Sci China Life Sci 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

CAS Key Laboratory of Regenerative Biology, Joint School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou Institutes of Biomedicine and Health, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510530, China.

Inducible expression systems are indispensable for precise regulation and in-depth analysis of biological process. Binary Tet-On system has been widely employed to regulate transgenic expression by doxycycline. Previous pig models with tetracycline regulatory elements were generated through random integration. Read More

Pediatr Pulmonol 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Division of Pediatric Pulmonary, Allergy and Sleep Medicine. Riley Hospital for Children, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana.

The diagnosis of primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is made through a combination of clinical features supported by a panel of diagnostic tests. Our cases highlight the similarities in the clinical presentation of patients with the specific immunodeficiency activated phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase delta syndrome 1 (APDS1 or PIK3CD-Related Disorder) and PCD. We highlight the importance of repeating nasal nitric oxide testing (nNO) when PCD has not been confirmed by genetic or ciliary electron micrograph (EM) analysis in the setting of an expanded suppurative lung disease differential that includes considerations for immunodeficiency as well as PCD. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2022 May 20:1455613221077602. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, 154454Jilin University Second Hospital, Changchun, China.

Immunoglobulin G4-related disease (IgG4-RD) is a novel clinical disease entity characterized by elevated serum IgG4 concentration and tumefaction or tissue infiltration by IgG4+ plasma cells. We report the case of a 56-year-old man who presented with nasal obstruction for 5 years. Rhinoscopy revealed hypertrophy and sclerosis of the inferior turbinate, whereas computed tomography revealed inflammation of the anterior ethmoid sinus and frontal sinuses. Read More

Biomed Eng Online 2022 May 20;21(1):31. Epub 2022 May 20.

West China School of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, 610041, Sichuan Province, The People's Republic of China.

Background: The objective is to clarify the effect of alveolar cleft bone graft on maxillofacial biomechanical stabilities, the key areas when bone grafting and in which should be supplemented with bone graft once bone resorption occurred in UCCLP (unilateral complete cleft lip and palate).

Methods: Maxillofacial CAD (computer aided design) models of non-bone graft and full maxilla cleft, full alveolar cleft bone graft, bone graft in other sites of the alveolar cleft were acquired by processing the UCCLP maxillofacial CT data in three-dimensional modeling software. The maxillofacial bone EQV (equivalent) stresses and bone suture EQV strains under occlusal states were obtained in the finite element analysis software. Read More

Canine Med Genet 2022 May 20;9(1). Epub 2022 May 20.

UMR6290 IGDR (Institut de Génétique Et Développement de Rennes), Université de Rennes 1, CNRS, 35000, Rennes, France.

Dogs have an exquisite sense of olfaction. In many instances this ability has been utilized by humans for a wide range of important situations including detecting explosives and illegal drugs. It is accepted that some breeds have better senses of smell than others. Read More

Harm Reduct J 2022 May 20;19(1):49. Epub 2022 May 20.

Stratevi, LLC, Santa Monica, CA, USA.

Background: The increasing prevalence of highly potent, illicitly manufactured fentanyl and its analogues (IMF) in the USA is exacerbating the opioid epidemic which has worsened during the COVID-19 pandemic. Narcan® (naloxone HCl) Nasal Spray has been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration as a treatment for opioid-related overdoses. Due to the high potency of IMF, multiple naloxone administrations (MNA) may be needed per overdose event. Read More

Environ Sci Pollut Res Int 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, UCSI University, 56000, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Ambient air pollution is a significant contributor to disease burden, leading to an estimated 4.2 million premature deaths and 103.1 million disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) annually worldwide. Read More

Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol 2022 Mar 6. Epub 2022 Mar 6.

Consultant Pathologist, Department of Cellular Pathology, Barts Health NHS Trust, London, UK.

Carcinosarcomas are rare, aggressive tumors seldom found in the sinonasal region. They classically consist of sarcomatous spindle cell and carcinomatous squamous cell elements. A 61-year-old woman presented reporting right-sided nasal discharge and obstruction. Read More

Pediatr Neonatol 2022 May 2. Epub 2022 May 2.

Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan; School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 404328, Taiwan; Chinese Medicine Research Center, China Medical University, Taichung, 404328, Taiwan; Research Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, 404327, Taiwan; Department of Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, 413305, Taiwan. Electronic address:

Background: Persistent sinonasal symptoms are common in children with chronic rhinosinusitis. The Sinus and Nasal Quality of Life (QoL) Survey (SN-5) was the first validated questionnaire measuring sinonasal-related QoL in populations aged 2-12 years. No norm has been established for Chinese-speaking countries. Read More

J Minim Invasive Gynecol 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

IFEMEndo Endometriosis Centre, Clinique Tivoli-Ducos, Bordeaux, 33000, France. Electronic address:

Study Objective: To describe our experience with the use of Natural Orifice Specimen Extraction (NOSE) technique for segmental bowel resection in patients with colorectal endometriosis.

Design: Retrospective, observational study.

Setting: Single tertiary referral centre PATIENTS: 50 consecutive patients undergoing NOSE colectomy for colorectal endometriosis in our centre, between March 2021 and November 2021. Read More

J Hosp Infect 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

University of Cape Coast, Ghana. Electronic address:

Background: The use of prophylactic antisepsis to protect against COVID-19 has been suggested. We report Hydrogen Peroxide antisepsis (HPA) at two hospitals in Ghana.

Methods: COVID-19 cases in healthcare workers (HCW) using HP (HP-HCW) or not (NHP-HCW), vaccinated or unvaccinated, were recorded at the Shai-Osudoku Hospital (SODH), Dodowa, and the Mount Olives Hospital (MOH), Techiman, between May 2020 and December 2021. Read More

J Hosp Infect 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Microbiology Research Unit, Division of Oral Biosciences, Dublin Dental University Hospital, University of Dublin, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. Electronic address:

Background: The role of meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) colonization of healthcare workers (HCWs), patients and the hospital environment in MSSA transmission events (TEs) is poorly understood.

Aims: We recently investigated these roles for MRSA under non-outbreak conditions in a large hospital with a history of endemic MRSA over two years using whole-genome sequencing (WGS). Numerous potential MRSA TEs were identified. Read More

Lancet Respir Med 2022 May 17. Epub 2022 May 17.

Department of Emergency Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.

Int J Pediatr Otorhinolaryngol 2022 May 14;158:111184. Epub 2022 May 14.

Perth Children's Hospital, 15 Hospital Ave, Nedlands, WA, Australia.

Objective: Measure the width of the nasal cavity in cases of piriform aperture stenosis using computerised tomography scans.

Methods: Retrospective study performed at a paediatric tertiary referral centre in Australia. Comparison nasal cavity widths (measured on computerised tomography scans in the axial plane) at the piriform aperture, choana and points 25, 50 and 75% along the length of nasal cavity, between cases with piriform aperture stenosis and controls. Read More

Cell Immunol 2022 May 14;376:104536. Epub 2022 May 14.

Department of Immunology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China. Electronic address:

Respiratory tract infection early in life plays a significant role in the pathogenesis of asthma. In the present study we examine, using a murine surrogate, the effects of early life respiratory infection with Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) on adult asthma induced by sensitisation and exposure to house dust mite (HDM) allergen. Mice (one week old) were infected with SP, then 3 weeks later sensitised to HDM emulsified with Al (OH)3 intraperitoneally and challenged intranasally with same allergen for up to a further 5 weeks to establish the asthma surrogate. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 May 20;119(21):e2123208119. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104.

SignificanceMiddle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) causes highly lethal respiratory disease. MERS-CoV encodes innate immune antagonists, including accessory proteins NS4a and NS4b, unique to the merbeco lineage of betacoronaviruses, and the nsp15 protein endoribonuclease (EndoU), conserved among all coronaviruses. While mutation of each antagonist protein alone has little effect on innate immunity, infections with recombinant MERS-CoVs with mutations of EndoU in combination with either NS4a or NS4b activate innate signaling pathways and are attenuated for replication. Read More

Ann Med 2022 Dec;54(1):1488-1499

Department of Medicine, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore.

Background: Accumulating data suggest antiviral effects of povidone-iodine against the Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) virus. This narrative review aims to examine the antiviral mechanisms of povidone-iodine, efficacy of povidone-iodine against the SARS-CoV-2 virus, and safety of povidone-iodine to human epithelial cells and thyroid function.

Methods: We searched the electronic databases PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, ClinicalTrials. Read More

Facial Plast Surg Aesthet Med 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Division of Facial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.

The Nasal Obstruction Symptom Evaluation (NOSE) scale is widely used by clinicians in evaluation of nasal airway obstruction (NAO). To determine normative values for the NOSE scale among both symptomatic and asymptomatic members of the general U.S. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2022 May;25(5):725-727

Department of Ophtalmology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjica; Ophthalmology Clinic, Clinical Center Niš, Blvd. Dr Zorana Djindjica, Niš, Serbia.

Background: Marfan syndrome (MFS) is a multisystem connective tissue disorder involving the cardiovascular, skeletal, and ocular systems.

Case Report: We present a case of a 15-year-old boy who was sent to the ophthalmologist for the checkup of the primary disease-hypercalciuria and gigantism for the first time at the age of 5.5 years. Read More

Niger J Clin Pract 2022 May;25(5):647-652

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Gazi University Faculty of Dentistry, Çankaya, Ankara, Turkey.

Background And Aim: Selecting the optimum nasal passage for nasotracheal intubation is quite important in the maxillofacial surgeries for the success of intubation and the reduction of potential complications such as nasal mucosal laceration, epistaxis, avulsion of the inferior and middle turbinates, and septal laceration.

Materials And Methods: The present study evaluates standard panoramic radiographs (PR) and posteroanterior cephalometric radiographs (PACR) to determine the optimal nasal passage for nasotracheal intubation and compares the results with those of routine anesthesiological occlusion and spatula tests (ST). The results of occlusion tests (OT), ST, and radiological assessments of 60 patients prior to nasotracheal intubation were compared with the nasal endoscopic assessment results, and complications were evaluated. Read More

Vet Ital 2021 Dec 31;57(4):265-274. Epub 2021 Dec 31.

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade.

Nasal swabs originating from 112 apparently clinically healthy and unvaccinated horses of different age, breed and from diverse rearing conditions from Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina were examined for the presence of equine herpesviruses 1, 4 and 5 using multiplex nested PCR (Mn‑PCR) and virus isolation. The detected viruses were subsequently characterised by gB gene nucleotide sequencing and their phylogenetic analysis was performed. The infections with EHV‑1, EHV‑4, and EHV‑5 in the examined horse populations are apparently chronic, subclinical and persistent, whilst the shedding of EHV‑1 and EHV‑5 was confirmed by their successful isolation. Read More

Development 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Cell and Tissue Biology; University of California San Francisco; San Francisco, CA, 94143, USA.

Tissue fusion frequently requires the removal of an epithelium intervening distinct primordia to form one continuous structure. In the mammalian secondary palate, a midline epithelial seam (MES) forms between two palatal shelves and must be removed to allow mesenchymal confluence. Abundant apoptosis and cell extrusion support their importance in MES removal. Read More

Am J Rhinol Allergy 2022 May 20:19458924221100960. Epub 2022 May 20.

Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, China.

Background: Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) represents a head and neck cancer caused by cancerization of nasal epithelial cells. HOXA10 has been identified to promote proliferation and invasion of NPC cells, but its regulatory mechanism has not been well discussed. Published research work has also pointed out that circular RNAs (circRNAs) could regulate mRNAs to affect NPC tumorigenesis and development. Read More