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J Craniofac Surg 2021 Jun;32(4):1297-1301

Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.

Background Introduction: Nail injuries are important causes of penetrating craniocerebral injuries. Theirs incidence is very low, but the injuries can be fatal. Since the nail gun was gradually popularized in 1959, the incidence of nail injuries has been increasing. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Jun;71(6):1679-1681

Department of General Surgery Unit-1, Lahore General Hospital, Lahore, Pakistan.

Occupational trauma in carpentry is common in our society due to lack of awareness on occupational safety and poor availability and adherence towards protective equipment. Given below is an unusual case of a young carpenter who presented in the orthopaedic outpatient department with complaint of difficulty in walking for the last four days. On examination, restricted movement of the hip joint on extension was observed. Read More

J Burn Care Res 2021 Jun 9. Epub 2021 Jun 9.

Department of Surgery, University of Washington Medicine UW Medicine Regional Burn Center, Seattle, WA.

Stevens Johnson Syndrome (SJS) and Toxic Epidermal Necrolysis (TEN) are acute, life-threatening diseases that cause sloughing of the skin and mucous membranes. Despite improved survival rates, few studies focus on long-term outcomes. We conducted a single-center review of all patients with SJS/TEN admitted from January 2008-2014. Read More

Plast Reconstr Surg Glob Open 2021 Jun 7;9(6):e3624. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.

Replantation is an ideal method for treating fingertip amputation. However, in some cases, replantation is known to be a challenging issue. This report described a successful thumb tip reconstruction performed with bone and nail bed salvaged as spare parts, and a free posterior interosseous artery perforator (PIAP) flap. Read More

Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2021 06;45(2):149-152

Necmettin Erbakan University Meram Medical School, Department of Pathology, Konya, Turkey

Lichen planus is a traumatic (koebner positive), chronic, inflammatory and autoimmune disease affecting the oral and genital mucosa, scalp and nails. The Food and Drug Administration approved the use of medical leeches for therapeutic purposes (hirudotherapy) in 2004 to ensure flap nutrition in plastic surgery. A 34-year-old male patient was admitted to our dermatology outpatient clinic with a swollen, itchy and purple-coloured rash on legs and back for a month, and white and reticulated plaques in the mouth. Read More

Commun Biol 2021 Jun 7;4(1):692. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Dermatology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.

Research on human nail tissue has been limited by the restricted access to fresh specimen. Here, we studied transcriptome profiles of human nail units using polydactyly specimens. Single-cell RNAseq with 11,541 cells from 4 extra digits revealed nail-specific mesenchymal and epithelial cell populations, characterized by RSPO4 (major gene in congenital anonychia) and SPINK6, respectively. Read More

Comput Methods Biomech Biomed Engin 2021 Jun 7:1-8. Epub 2021 Jun 7.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Yangpu District Shidong Hospital of Shanghai, Shanghai, China.

In this study, the biomechanical differences among three internal fixation configurations for treatment of Pauwels type II and III femoral neck fractures were analyzed. Using finite element analysis, the femur displacement and stress distributions of the internal fixation device and fracture section were obtained for different patients and movement conditions. The results show that patients with osteoporosis are more prone to femoral varus and femoral neck shortening, and the fracture probability of the device for these patients is higher than that for patients with normal bone. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2021 Jul;41(6):356-361

Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH.

Background: Lengthening of long bones by distraction osteogenesis is now possible using intramedullary lengthening nails. Constraints of bone size, medullary canal obstruction, and the presence of an open physis are contraindications in skeletally immature patients. We present a technique describing the "off-label" use of a magnetic lengthening nail placed extramedullary and in retrograde manner, for lengthening of the femur in skeletally immature patients. Read More

J Pediatr Orthop 2021 Jul;41(Suppl 1):S24-S32

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Nemours/Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE.

Introduction: Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is common in both the pediatric and adult population. Length inequalities can be due to a multitude of etiologies including congenital, developmental, and acquired causes. There has been little consensus on the morbidity of LLD and, as a result, the threshold necessary for treatment of LLD to prevent morbidity. Read More

Cureus 2021 May 3;13(5):e14826. Epub 2021 May 3.

Surgery, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad del Bajío, León, MEX.

The nail apparatus is a complex area with great functional and cosmetic importance. The appearance of tumors is rare, frequently misdiagnosed with delaying the diagnosis. A series of cases is presented, where squamous cell carcinoma of nail apparatus underwent resection and reconstructive surgery in a relatively short time from their diagnosis, with a good oncological, functional, and cosmetic result. Read More

Surg Oncol 2021 May 29;38:101610. Epub 2021 May 29.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY, USA; Department of Pediatrics, Montefiore Health System, Bronx, NY. 3400 Bainbridge Ave., Bronx, NY, 10467, USA. Electronic address:

Introduction: There is currently no consensus regarding the best techniques or surgical strategies with which to maximize intercalary allograft reconstruction outcomes. The purpose of the current study was to assess which techniques and methods are being utilized by North American orthopaedic oncologists.

Methods: Members of the Musculoskeletal Tumor Society (MSTS) were invited to complete an anonymous online questionnaire. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2021 Jun;100(22):e26173

Division of Pediatric Surgery, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland.

Abstract: Closed reduction with percutaneous pin fixation is commonly used to treat pediatric supracondylar humerus fractures. Various pin configurations of varying biomechanical strength have been described. However, to our knowledge, no biomechanical study has focused on pin alignment in the sagittal plane. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 May 24;9(5):e04221. Epub 2021 May 24.

Ganesh Man Singh Memorial Academy of ENT Head & Neck Studies Tribhuvan University Teaching Hospital Institute of Medicine Maharajgunj Nepal.

A young girl inhaled a pointed iron nail into the right main bronchus. However, both rigid bronchoscopy and oesophagoscopy failed to locate the nail. Surprisingly, it was detected in the abdomen by C-arm and was expelled uneventfully while defecating two days later. Read More

Clin Case Rep 2021 May 24;9(5):e04203. Epub 2021 May 24.

Department of Dermatology General University Hospital of Patras Patras Greece.

A 34-year-old woman presented due to progressive painful swelling around the nail of the right index finger. Onychectomy and drainage of the abscess of the affected finger were performed as the inflammation was progressive despite the previous antibiotic therapy. The microbiological culture revealed a ciprofloxacin-susceptible Citrobacter braakii. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2021 May 30. Epub 2021 May 30.

Department of Hand and Reconstructive Microsurgery, National University Health System, Singapore.

We present a case of middle finger macrodactyly reconstructed in a single stage using multiple techniques. We elevated a pedicled osteo-onychocutaneous island flap, excised the remnant distal phalanx with a segment of 1 digital nerve and skin over the dorsum of the middle phalanx, performed epiphysiodesis and reduction of the middle phalanx as well as soft-tissue debulking, and inset the flap over the dorsum of the middle phalanx. Follow-up at 12 months revealed a satisfactory aesthetic and functional outcome. Read More

Orthop Surg 2021 Jun 2. Epub 2021 Jun 2.

Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Third Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang, China.

Objective: To using finite element analysis to investigate the effects of the traditional titanium alloy Gamma nail and a biodegradable magnesium alloy bionic Gamma nail for treating intertrochanteric fractures.

Methods: Computed tomography images of an adult male volunteer of appropriate age and in good physical condition were used to establish a three-dimensional model of the proximal femur. Then, a model of a type 31A1 intertrochanteric fracture of the proximal femur was established, and the traditional titanium alloy Gamma nails and biodegradable magnesium alloy bionic Gamma nails were used for fixation, respectively. Read More

J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2021 May 26;6(2). Epub 2021 May 26.

Department of General Surgery and Medical Surgical Specialties, Section of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, University Hospital Policlinico "Rodolico-San Marco", University of Catania, 95123 Catania, Italy.

Background: Isolated ulna shaft fractures (USFs) are a relatively uncommon, but significant, injury. For unstable USF treatment, open reduction and internal fixation (ORIF) is the gold standard, while for stable USFs several procedures were described. The aim of this study is to compare the outcomes in patients with stable USFs treated by either ORIF or intramedullary nail (IMN). Read More

Int J Environ Res Public Health 2021 May 31;18(11). Epub 2021 May 31.

Clinical Research, Trauma and Vascular Surgery, Hamad General Hospital, Doha, Qatar.

Background: Femur is the most fractured long bone in the body that often necessitates surgical fixation; however, data on the impact of the mechanism of injury (MOI), age, and timing of intervention are lacking in our region of the Arab Middle East. We aimed to describe the patterns, management, and outcome of traumatic femoral shaft fractures.

Methods: A retrospective descriptive observational study was conducted for all trauma patients admitted with femoral shaft fractures between January 2012 and December 2015 at the only level 1 trauma center and tertiary hospital in the country. Read More

J Clin Med 2021 May 28;10(11). Epub 2021 May 28.

Department of Pediatric Orthopaedics, CHU de Toulouse, 31300 Toulouse, France.

The Fitbone motorized nail system has been used to correct limb length discrepancies (LLD) for several years. This study focuses on its application in posttraumatic limb lengthening surgery, its outcome and challenges.

Materials And Methods: A prospective, single center study was conducted between 2010 and 2019 in patients treated with motorized lengthening nails. Read More

Pathogens 2021 May 23;10(6). Epub 2021 May 23.

Department of Hemobiology and Blood Transfusion, 'Hassani Abdelkader' Hospital, UDL Faculty of Medecine, Sidi-Bel-Abbes 22000, Algeria.

Superficial and cutaneous aspergillosis is a rare fungal disease that is restricted to the outer layers of the skin, nails, and the outer auditory canal, infrequently invading the deeper tissue and viscera, particularly in immunocompromised patients. These mycoses are acquired through two main routes: direct traumatic inoculation or inhalation of airborne fungal spores into paranasal sinuses and lungs. Lesions are classified into three categories: otomycosis, onychomycosis, and cutaneous aspergillosis. Read More

J Eur Acad Dermatol Venereol 2021 Jun 1. Epub 2021 Jun 1.

Dermatology Section, Department of Medicine and Surgery, University of Perugia, Italy.

Gel nails are a new type of artificial nails containing UV-curing acrylates and methacrylates, here referred to as (meth)acrylates. They are known to be more fashionable and long lasting than conventional nail polishes. Until a few years ago gel nails were applied only by nail technicians, but recently several and inexpensive home use UV-curing kits have been placed on the market, increasing the risk of complications induced by these nail cosmetics. Read More

Ugeskr Laeger 2021 05;183(21)

Femoral fractures in children are not common injuries, and the treating physicians should master non-operative and operative treatment options. Non-accidental injury is frequently seen in children below two years of age. In this review, we describe a range of techniques for treatment of the injuries, and the current treatment trends and matters of discussion are early spica casting, age and weight guidance for use of flexible and rigid intramedullary nails. Read More

Bone Joint J 2021 Jun;103-B(6):1168-1172

Limb Reconstruction Unit, Royal National Orthopaedic Hospital, Stanmore, UK.

Aims: The STRYDE nail is an evolution of the PRECICE Intramedullary Limb Lengthening System, with unique features regarding its composition. It is designed for load bearing throughout treatment in order to improve patient experience and outcomes and allow for simultaneous bilateral lower limb lengthening. The literature published to date is limited regarding outcomes and potential problems. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Mar;71(3):1007-1010

Foundation University Medical College, Rawalpindi, Pakistan.

Dyskeratosis congenita is a very rare inherited haematological disorder characterised by a classical clinical triad of leukoplakia, skin pigmentation and dystrophied nails. Here is a case of a young patient who presented with brittle nails, lacy hyperpigmentation of the skin and leukoplakia along with pancytopenia. Haematopoietic stem cell transplantation is the only cure for this disease but due to financial constraints of the family it was not possible. Read More

J Pak Med Assoc 2021 Mar;71(3):893-896

Department of Plastics and Reconstructive Surgery, Dow University of Health Sciences, DR Ruth KM Pfau, Civil Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.

Objective: To give painless and stable fingertips to patients by means of vertical figure-of-eight tension sutures.

Methods: The longitudinal study was carried out from May to October 2019 at the Dow University of Health Science, Civil Hospital, Karachi, and comprised individuals of either gender aged 10-60 years. All patients were surgically managed and were assessed clinically and with radiological films for finger stability and fracture healing during 3-month follow-up. Read More

Eur J Trauma Emerg Surg 2021 May 31. Epub 2021 May 31.

Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Kagawa Prefectural Central Hospital, 1-2-1, Asahi-machi, Takamatsu, Kagawa, 760-8557, Japan.

Purpose: Postoperative radiographs are routinely used to assess fracture reduction following intramedullary nail fixation for pertrochanteric fractures, even though computed tomography (CT) is a superior modality. We aimed to determine the association between reduction quality assessed by CT and rates of reoperation and to evaluate the association of reoperation and reduction quality according to the assessment modality (plain radiographs vs. CT). Read More

Skin Appendage Disord 2021 Apr 19;7(3):231-233. Epub 2021 Mar 19.

1st Department of Dermatology-Venereology, Andreas Sygros Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.

Diagnosis of subungual glomus tumors is mainly based on clinical symptoms, including paroxysmal pain, tenderness, and cold intolerance. Dermoscopy, ultrasonography, and MRI constitute further diagnostic tools, commonly performed to demarcate the tumor before surgery. Herein, we present 2 cases of subungual glomus tumors, which could be diagnosed after fingertip transillumination, highlighting that this technique can serve as an easy, noninvasive, and cost-effective adjuvant diagnostic tool, to facilitate the clinical diagnosis of subungual glomus tumors as well as their localization during preoperative assessment. Read More

JBJS Essent Surg Tech 2020 Oct-Dec;10(4). Epub 2020 Dec 24.

C.S. Mott Children's Hospital, Michigan Medicine, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Background: Elastic intramedullary nailing of both-bone pediatric forearm fractures is used to treat unstable fractures that fail conservative management with closed reduction and casting, open injuries, or injuries with neurovascular compromise.

Description: Small incisions are used to enter the medullary canal of the distal end of the radius and proximal part of the ulna, avoiding injury to the adjacent physis. The elastic nail is advanced to the fracture site under fluoroscopic guidance. Read More

Actas Dermosifiliogr 2021 May 11. Epub 2021 May 11.

Servicio de Dermatología, Fundación Instituto Valenciano de Oncología, Valencia, Spain.

Both dermatologists and pathologists sometimes find daunting the evaluation of melanonychia (especially subungual melanocytic lesions) because of the fear of performing nail surgery due to the risk of dystrophy, difficulties processing and interpreting nail biopsy specimens, and a general lack of experience in the field. Nevertheless, mastery of nail biopsy techniques, correct processing and orientation of specimens, and familiarity with the histologic particularities of the nail apparatus can attenuate the undoubted complexity and facilitate the tasks involved. Longitudinal excision is the biopsy technique that ensures the simplest histologic interpretation, and it is associated with a low risk of nail dystrophy when performed correctly. Read More

Clin Neurol Neurosurg 2021 May 25:106708. Epub 2021 May 25.

Tufts Department of Neurosurgery, Tufts Medical Center, 800 Washington St., Boston, MA 02111, USA. Electronic address:

Background: Wild-type transthyretin (ATTRwt) amyloid deposition has been found in the ligamentum flavum (LF) of patients undergoing spinal stenosis surgery. Our group previously reported that ATTRwt amyloid is associated with an increased lumbar ligamentum flavum thickness at symptomatic levels that required surgery. A comprehensive evaluation of LF thickness at asymptomatic levels in addition to symptomatic, treated levels has never been performed in ATTRwt patients. Read More