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Eur J Clin Invest 2022 May 22:e13815. Epub 2022 May 22.

Centre for Diagnosis and Treatment of Cardiomyopathies, Cardiovascular Department, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Giuliano-Isontina (ASUGI) and University of Trieste, Trieste, Italy.

Background: Prognostic stratification of acute myocarditis (AM) presenting with normal left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) relies mostly on late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) characterization. Left ventricular peak global longitudinal strain (LV-GLS) measured by feature tracking analysis might improve prognostication of AM presenting with normal LVEF.

Methods: Data of patients undergoing cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) for clinically suspected AM in seven European Centres (2013-2020) were retrospectively analysed. Read More

Hipertens Riesgo Vasc 2022 Apr 28. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Hospital Escuela Eva Perón, Granadero Baigorria, Santa Fe, Argentina.

Introduction: Cardiovascular compromise in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) does not necessarily present with the classic symptoms described in myocarditis. There is growing evidence demonstrating subclinical cardiovascular compromise in the context of the intense inflammation unleashed, the cytokine storm involved, the baseline prothrombotic state, and the consequent endothelial dysfunction. We set out to analyse whether Troponin-T (TT) and the amino-terminal fraction of pro-brain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) determined at hospital admission, are related to mortality during the hospitalization of these patients. Read More

Curr Cardiol Rep 2022 May 20. Epub 2022 May 20.

Center for Cardiovascular Research, Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, 660 South Euclid Campus, Box 8086, St. Louis, MT, 63110, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The cardiac immune landscape dynamically changes in response to aging, hemodynamic stress, and myocardial injury. Here, we highlight key cardiac immune cell types, their role in reshaping the cellular landscape and promoting tissue remodeling following cardiac insults, and how understanding of these processes uncovers novel disease mechanisms that contribute to cardiac pathology.

Recent Findings: Distinct subsets of cardiac macrophages reside within the heart and exhibit divergent functions in response to myocardial injury. Read More

Arch Cardiovasc Dis 2022 Apr 27. Epub 2022 Apr 27.

AP-HP, Sorbonne University, 75013 Paris, France. Electronic address:

Background: Immune-checkpoint inhibitor-associated myocarditis (ICI-myocarditis) often presents with arrhythmias, but the prognostic value of early electrocardiogram findings is unclear. Although ICI-myocarditis and acute cellular rejection (ACR) following cardiac transplantation use similar treatment strategies, differences in arrhythmia burden are unknown.

Objective: To evaluate the association of electrocardiogram findings in ICI-myocarditis with myocarditis-related mortality and life-threatening arrhythmia. Read More

JACC Cardiovasc Imaging 2021 Dec 30. Epub 2021 Dec 30.

Department of Cardiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Switzerland. Electronic address:

Myocarditis represents the entity of an inflamed myocardium and is a diagnostic challenge caused by its heterogeneous presentation. Contemporary noninvasive evaluation of patients with clinically suspected myocarditis using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) includes dimensions and function of the heart chambers, conventional T2-weighted imaging, late gadolinium enhancement, novel T1 and T2 mapping, and extracellular volume fraction calculation. CMR feature-tracking, texture analysis, and artificial intelligence emerge as potential modern techniques to further improve diagnosis and prognostication in this clinical setting. Read More

Biomed Res Int 2022 10;2022:9554658. Epub 2022 May 10.

Department of Pathology, Hebei Medical University, Shijiazhuang 050017, China.

Diabetic nephropathy is a leading cause of end-stage renal disease in both developed and developing countries. It is lack of specific diagnosis, and the pathogenesis remains unclarified in diabetic nephropathy, following the unsatisfactory effects of existing treatments. Therefore, it is very meaningful to find biomarkers with high specificity and potential targets. Read More

Front Cardiovasc Med 2022 3;9:877183. Epub 2022 May 3.

Division of Cardiovascular Imaging, Department of Cardiology I, University Hospital Münster, Münster, Germany.

Background: mRNA-based COVID-19 vaccination is associated with rare but sometimes serious cases of acute peri-/myocarditis. It is still not well known whether a 3rd booster-vaccination is also associated with functional and/or structural changes regarding cardiac status. The aim of this study was to assess the possible occurrence of peri-/myocarditis in healthy volunteers and to analyze subclinical changes in functional and/or structural cardiac parameters following a mRNA-based booster-vaccination. Read More

Virol Sin 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

State Key Laboratory of Virology, College of Life Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430072, China; State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430071, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China. Electronic address:

RNA-remodeling proteins, including RNA helicases and chaperones, play vital roles in the remodeling of structured RNAs. During viral replication, viruses require RNA-remodeling proteins to facilitate proper folding and/or re-folding the viral RNA elements. Coxsackieviruses B3 (CVB3) and Coxsackieviruses B5 (CVB5), belonging to the genus Enterovirus in the family Picornaviridae, have been reported to cause various infectious diseases such as hand-foot-and-mouth disease, aseptic meningitis, and viral myocarditis. Read More

Cardiovasc Pathol 2022 May 16:107435. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Cardiology, Saiseikai Senri Hospital 1-1-6 Tsukumodai, Suita, Osaka 565-0862, Japan.

Myocardial injury has been reported as a complication of COVID-19. Although several mechanisms have been proposed as its cause, they are mostly based on autopsy studies, We report a 49-year-old male with COVID-19-associated myocardial injury presented like fulminant myocarditis. We performed endomyocadial biopsy on day 2 and we confirmed the presence of microthrombosis histologically. Read More

Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2022 May 19. Epub 2022 May 19.

Department of Neurology and Rehabilitation, University of Illinois at Chicago College of Medicine, 912 S. Wood Street, M/C 796, Chicago, IL, 172C60612, USA.

Purpose Of Review: The present review discusses the neurological complications associated with myocarditis of different etiologies.

Recent Findings: Myocarditis can be idiopathic or caused by different conditions, including toxins, infections, or inflammatory diseases. Clinical findings are variable and range from mild self-limited shortness of breath or chest pain to hemodynamic instability which may result in cardiogenic shock and death. Read More

Eur J Intern Med 2022 May 15. Epub 2022 May 15.

Department of Cardiology, Cardiology I, University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), Langenbeckstrasse 1, Mainz 55131, Germany; Center for Thrombosis and Hemostasis (CTH), University Medical Center Mainz (Johannes Gutenberg-University Mainz), Mainz, Germany; Medical Clinic VII, Department of Sports Medicine, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Electronic address:

Background: Amyloidosis is a multi-systemic disease potentially leading to failure of affected organs. We aimed to investigate prevalence and prognostic implications of cardiac amyloidosis of any etiology on outcomes of hospitalized patients with heart failure (HF) in Germany.

Methods: We analyzed data of the German nationwide inpatient sample (2005-2018) of patients hospitalized for HF (including myocarditis with HF and heart transplantation with HF). Read More

Pathol Int 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Department of Pathology, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center, Osaka, Japan.

Cardiol Young 2022 May 18:1-6. Epub 2022 May 18.

Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, Herma Heart Institute, Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA.

Background: Neonatal enteroviral myocarditis is a rare but potentially fatal illness. We sought to identify echocardiographic markers at diagnosis that could help risk-stratify infants for poor outcome and to characterise late sequelae.

Methods: We reviewed data for infants <30 days of age diagnosed with enteroviral myocarditis between 1999 and 2019 at Children's Wisconsin. Read More

World J Cardiol 2022 Apr;14(4):190-205

Department of Cardiology, Liverpool Hospital, Liverpool 2170, NSW, Australia.

Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an evolving technology, proving to be a highly accurate tool for quantitative assessment. Most recently, it has been increasingly used in the diagnostic and prognostic evaluation of conditions involving an elevation in troponin or troponinemia. Although an elevation in troponin is a nonspecific marker of myocardial tissue damage, it is a frequently ordered investigation leaving many patients without a specific diagnosis. Read More

Pediatrics 2022 May 18. Epub 2022 May 18.

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention COVID-19 Response Team, Atlanta, GA.

Background And Objectives: Limited post-authorization safety data for BNT-162b2 COVID-19 vaccination among children ages 5-11 years are available, particularly for the adverse event myocarditis, which has been detected in adolescents and young adults. We describe adverse events observed during the first 4 months of the US COVID-19 vaccination program in this age group.

Methods: We analyzed data from 3 US safety monitoring systems: v-safe, a voluntary smartphone-based system that monitors reactions and health effects; the Vaccine Adverse Events Reporting System (VAERS), the national spontaneous reporting system co-managed by CDC and FDA; and the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD), an active surveillance system that monitors electronic health records for prespecified events, including myocarditis. Read More

J Med Case Rep 2022 May 17;16(1):212. Epub 2022 May 17.

Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Cardiac Center, King Chulalongkorn Memorial Hospital, Bangkok, 10330, Thailand.

Background: Incidence of myocarditis following messenger RNA coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination has been widely described, but this clinical scenario after adenoviral vector coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination has only been rarely reported. In addition, a few case reports of thyroiditis after adenoviral vector coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination have been published.

Case Presentation: A 55-year-old Thai woman presented with palpitation without neck pain 14 days after receiving AstraZeneca coronavirus disease 2019 vaccination. Read More

Curr Drug Saf 2022 May 9. Epub 2022 May 9.

Banaras Hindu University.

Introduction: COVID-19 vaccine induced serious adverse reactions are rare. Hyper-eosinophilia syndrome with myocarditis has not been reported earlier following BBV152 vaccine administration.

Case Presentation: A young man without any co- morbidities presented with persistent periorbital swelling along with itchy swelling over fingers, resting tachycardia and exertional breathlessness following first dose of an inactivated SARS-CoV-2 vaccination (BBV152, COVAXIN). Read More

Pediatr Cardiol 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Division of Pediatric Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis, TN, USA.

Multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children (MIS-C) secondary to COVID-19 infection in previously healthy children often results in subtle but persistent echocardiographic abnormalities despite complete clinical recovery. This study was done to investigate medium-term cardiovascular outcomes of patients with MIS-C using cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR). This is a single-center retrospective study of patients aged less than 21 years, diagnosed with MIS-C who received an outpatient CMR, around 6 months after discharge. Read More

Curr Probl Cardiol 2022 May 13:101250. Epub 2022 May 13.

Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi, 835215, Jharkhand, India. Electronic address:

The novel severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has enveloped the world into an unprecedented pandemic since 2019. Significant damage to multiple organs, such as the lungs and heart, has been extensively reported. Cardiovascular injury by ACE2 downregulation, hypoxia-induced myocardial injury, and systemic inflammatory responses complicate the disease. Read More

Am J Med 2022 May 13. Epub 2022 May 13.

Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX. Electronic address:

Cardiol Rev 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Departments of Medicine and Cardiology, New York Medical College/Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.

The coronavirus disease-2019(COVID-19) pandemic has taken a massive toll on healthcare systems internationally. Severe illness has been seen in a range of patient populations, but those living with cardiovascular disease have suffered to a greater extent, likely because of their comorbidities. In patients with diabetes, hypertension, heart failure and other chronic illnesses, COVID-19 has manifested severe illnesses such as coagulopathies, myocarditis, and arrhythmias, complicating the disease course for those already suffering from underlying illness. Read More

Cardiol Rev 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Departments of Medicine and Cardiology, New York Medical College/Westchester Medical Center, Valhalla, NY.

COVID-19 is a pro-thrombotic and cardiac-damaging disease. There are four vaccines against COVID-19 currently approved in North America, including the mRNA vaccines by Pfizer and Moderna, and the adenovirus vector vaccines by Johnson and Johnson and AstraZeneca. These vaccines have been proven effective in preventing morbidity and mortality in patients who were exposed to COVID-19 infection, but the vaccines have also been associated with complications. Read More

Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022 May 16. Epub 2022 May 16.

Biomedical Research Center, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Institute of Experimental Endocrinology, Dubravska cesta 9, Bratislava, Slovakia.

Antipsychotics are used in the treatment of schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders. Generally they are divided into typical and atypical ones, according to the fact that atypical antipychotics induce less side effects and are more effective in terms of social and cognitive improvements. Their pharmacological effects are mediated via broad range of receptors that consequently influence different cellular signaling pathways. Read More

Cardiol Young 2022 May 16:1-3. Epub 2022 May 16.

Department of Pediatrics, PSG Institute of Medical Sciences and Research, Peelamedu, Coimbatore 641004, Tamil Nadu, India.

Eosinophilic granulomatosis polyangiitis represents less than 2% of vasculitis cases in childhood. Children have worse long-term outcomes and higher mortality. Cardiac involvement portends a worse prognosis. Read More

Curr Med Res Opin 2022 May 14:1-23. Epub 2022 May 14.

Molecular Physiology Division, Faculty of Science, Beni-Suef University, Egypt.

The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is caused by a new coronavirus family member, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and is linked with many disease manifestations in multiple organ systems on top of pulmonary manifestations. COVID-19 is also accompanied by several cardiovascular pathologies including myocarditis, acute myocardial infarction, stress cardiomyopathy, arterial and venous thromboembolism, pericarditis, and arrhythmias. The pathophysiological mechanisms explaining these clinical symptoms are multifactorial including systemic inflammation (cytokine storm), coagulopathy, direct viral invasion through angiotensin-converting enzyme 2, hypoxemia, electrolyte imbalance, and fever. Read More

Front Pediatr 2022 28;10:881208. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

German Heart Center Berlin, Department of Congenital Heart Disease and Pediatric Cardiology, Berlin, Germany.

Background: Myocarditis can be associated with severe heart failure and is caused by different inflammatory and autoimmune responses. The aim of this study was to describe the immunological response in children with myocarditis by analyzing anti-beta-adrenergic receptor antibodies (anti-β-AR Abs).

Methods: Sera of children who were hospitalized with biopsy-proven myocarditis were prospectively collected between April 2017 and March 2019. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 11;14(4):e24052. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Cardiology, Hackensack Meridian Health Ocean University Medical Center, Brick, USA.

There are few major adverse events after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccination. However, increasing cases of myocarditis and pericarditis are being reported to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) in young people, primarily after the second dose of messenger RNA (mRNA) COVID-19 vaccines. We present a case series of myopericarditis post mRNA (Moderna) and myocarditis post vector-based (Johnson & Johnson) COVID-19 vaccines. Read More

Cureus 2022 Apr 12;14(4):e24084. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Rheumatology, Nova Southeastern University Dr. Kiran C. Patel College of Osteopathic Medicine, Davie, USA.

Myocarditis is an inflammatory disease of the heart muscle, with manifestations that include myocardial infarction, arrhythmia, and even sudden death. The primary etiology of myocarditis is a viral infection, with studies demonstrating that infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) can lead to myocarditis. This enzyme is involved in many body tissues, including the gastrointestinal system and the cardiac system. Read More

Front Vet Sci 2022 28;9:848833. Epub 2022 Apr 28.

Yunnan Province Key Laboratory for Porcine Gene Editing and Xenotransplantation, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China.

Activation of human immune T-cells by swine leukocyte antigens class I (SLA-I) and class II (SLA-II) leads to xenograft destruction. Here, we generated the GGTA1, B2M, and CIITA (GBC) triple-gene-modified miniature pigs, analyzed the transcriptome of GBC-modified peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) in the pig's spleen, and investigated their effectiveness in anti-immunological rejection. A total of six cloned piglets were successfully generated using somatic cell nuclear transfer, one of them carrying the heterozygous mutations in triple genes and the other five piglets carrying the homozygous mutations in GGTA1 and CIITA genes, but have the heterozygous mutation in the B2M gene. Read More

Immune Netw 2022 Apr 11;22(2):e19. Epub 2022 Apr 11.

Department of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 24341, Korea.

Coxsackievirus B3 (CVB3) infection causes acute pancreatitis and myocarditis. However, its pathophysiological mechanism is unclear. Here, we investigated how lipid metabolism is associated with exacerbation of CVB3 pathology using high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mice. Read More