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SAGE Open Med Case Rep 2019 10;7:2050313X19843390. Epub 2019 Apr 10.

Department of Clinical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Hitit University, Çorum, Turkey.

Myiasis is defined as infestation of a mammal by fly larvae. It may occur on either living tissues (primary myiasis) or dead tissues (secondary myiasis). In this report, we present a patient with myiasis with an extremely rare clinical manifestation and severe allergic reaction, and we review the literature in order to reveal the current status. Read More

Int J Parasitol Parasites Wildl 2019 Aug 24;9:21-24. Epub 2019 Mar 24.

School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, China.

Myiasis has great economic and medical importance. However, myiasis in wildlife that is caused by oestroid flies is relatively rarely recorded compared with that in humans and domestic animals. Recently, during our research on the conservation of Przewalski's horse (PH), we observed two new records of oestroid flies parasitizing wildlife in China. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Apr 9:145561319839333. Epub 2019 Apr 9.

3 Rick and Tina Caruso Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.

J Parasit Dis 2019 Mar 14;43(1):134-138. Epub 2018 Dec 14.

1Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Madras Veterinary College, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Chennai, Tamil Nadu 600 007 India.

Thirty-five years old female and 12 years old male wild elephant were found dead at Seviyodu and Cherangode of Cherambadi range at Nilgiris district, Tamil Nadu state. On post mortem examination, maggots were recovered from palate of oral cavity and gastric mucosa of the stomach and identified as and , respectively. Histopathology of oral tissue specimen revealed myonecrosis of soft palate due to myiasis and cross section of encysted larvae surrounded by fibrous capsule and inflammatory cells. Read More

G3 (Bethesda) 2019 Mar 29. Epub 2019 Mar 29.

Ohio State University.

The flesh fly, is a widely-used model for examining the physiology of insect diapause, development, stress tolerance, neurobiology, and host-parasitoid interactions. Flies in this taxon are implicated in myiasis (larval infection of vertebrates) and feed on carrion, aspects that are important in forensic studies. Here we present the genome of , along with developmental- and reproduction-based RNA-Seq analyses. Read More

Parasitology 2019 Mar 27:1-9. Epub 2019 Mar 27.

Departamento de Ecologia,Laboratório de Ecologia de Vertebrados, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade de Brasília,Brasília, Distrito Federal 70919-900,Brazil.

Fragmented habitats generally harbour small populations that are potentially more prone to local extinctions caused by biotic factors such as parasites. We evaluated the effects of botflies (Cuterebra apicalis) on naturally fragmented populations of the gracile mouse opossum (Gracilinanus agilis). We examined how sex, food supplementation experiment, season and daily climatic variables affected body condition and haemoglobin concentration in animals that were parasitized or not by botflies. Read More

Ear Nose Throat J 2019 Feb 31;98(2):64-65. Epub 2019 Jan 31.

2 Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Fu Jen Catholic University Hospital, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, Taiwan, Republic of China.

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Mar 8;12(3). Epub 2019 Mar 8.

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, North Lanarkshire, UK.

Owing to increasing international travel, physicians will encounter more infectious diseases acquired overseas, which may be bacterial, fungal or parasitic in nature. Knowledge of the geographic distribution of specific diseases permits the formulation of a differential diagnosis in the context of clinical presentation. Parasitic infestations of the maxillofacial tissues can be caused by a host of different ectoparasites, for example, myiasis, a frequently misdiagnosed disease of tourists returning from exotic locations. Read More

Homeopathy 2019 Mar 5. Epub 2019 Mar 5.

Laboratory of Animal Parasitology, Department of Animal Science and Rural Development, Agrarian Sciences Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.

Background:   is the major fly causing primary myiasis in livestock animals in Brazil; its larvae develop in the host's living tissues, causing mutilations, which can even lead to death. In conventional treatments of myiasis, chemo-synthetic insecticides have been employed directly on larvae present in the wounds. Homeopathy may represent a healthy and sustainable alternative both to prevent and to treat myiasis in animals and humans. Read More

J Coll Physicians Surg Pak 2019 Mar;29(3):293

Department of Restorative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, International Medical University, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.

Bull Soc Pathol Exot 2018 ;111(3):148-151

Director of Preventive Medicine Department, Palestinian Ministry of Health, Ramallah, Palestine.

This is the first record of a case of urinary myiasis in the Palestinian Territories caused by . Larvae were discharged through urine by a 28-year-old pregnant female whom complained of mild abdominal pain associated with burning sensation while urinating over the past 3 months. Detailed description of the larva was provided. Read More

PLoS One 2019 20;14(2):e0212576. Epub 2019 Feb 20.

Department of Agriculture, Food and Environment, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Cutaneous myiasis is a severe worldwide medical and veterinary issue. In this trial the essential oil (EO) of the Andean medicinal plant species Clinopodium nubigenum (Kunth) Kuntze was evaluated for its bioactivity against the myiasis-inducing blowfly Lucilia sericata (Meigen) (Diptera Calliphoridae) and compared with that of the well-known medicinal plant species Lavandula angustifolia Mill. The EOs were analysed and tested in laboratory for their oviposition deterrence and toxicity against L. Read More

Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol 2019 Apr 15;235:57-61. Epub 2019 Feb 15.

Toxoplasmosis Research Center, Department of Parasitology, School of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran.

The public health importance of myiasis [infestation with dipterous (fly) larvae] remains unknown. This disease is spread worldwide in animals and humans, but baseline data on its prevalence are limited. In particular, knowledge on human urogenital myiasis (UGM) is scattered. Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 Apr 19;118(4):1077-1086. Epub 2019 Feb 19.

Museo Argentino de Ciencias Naturales "Bernardino Rivadavia", Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Av. Angel Gallardo 470, C1405DJR, Buenos Aires, Argentina.

In southern South America, namely Argentina and Chile, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) is the main myiasic agent on humans and domestic animals. The distribution pattern of the species is poorly known and the southern limit of its geographic distribution is unclear. The aims of this study are to elucidate the basic environmental factors associated with occurrence of this myiasic species, evaluation of models constructed on the basis of occurrence data based on adult specimen records to predict geographic occurrence of myiasis, evaluation of unsurveyed sites of high potential of occurrence of the species, and recognition and prioritization of areas that need medical control and specific prophylaxis practices related to this pest. Read More

Med Vet Entomol 2019 Feb 13. Epub 2019 Feb 13.

Grupo de Ingeniería y Gestión Ambiental (GIGA), Escuela Ambiental, Facultad de Ingeniería, Universidad de Antioquia, Medellín, Colombia.

Before its eradication from North America, the subtropical-tropical new world screwworm fly Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) invaded southwestern temperate areas of the U.S.A. Read More

Pestic Biochem Physiol 2019 Jan 12;153:17-27. Epub 2018 Oct 12.

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, Brazil.

Lucilia cuprina, known as the Australian blowfly, is of high medico-sanitary and veterinary importance due to its ability to induce myiasis. Synthetic products are the most frequent form of fly control, but their indiscriminate use has selected for resistant populations and accounted for high levels of residues in animal products. This study aimed to assess the effect of essential oil from leaves of Curcuma longa (CLLEO), and its major compound α-phellandrene against L. Read More

Exp Parasitol 2019 Mar 2;198:46-52. Epub 2019 Feb 2.

Laboratory of Parasitic Diseases, Department of Veterinary Sciences, Federal University of Parana, Curitiba, PR, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology, INCT-Livestock, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.

The blowfly Lucilia cuprina has great medico-sanitary and veterinary importance due to the ability of its larval form to develop in decaying organic matter, parasitizing vertebrates. Fly eradication is challenging and the essential oil (EO) of Tagetes minuta (TMEO) have been reported to have therapeutic properties. This study aimed to determine the activity of EO from the aerial parts of T. Read More

Am J Ophthalmol Case Rep 2019 Mar 9;13:147-150. Epub 2019 Jan 9.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Sumatera Utara, Medan, Indonesia.

Purpose: Orbital myiasis is a rare condition. We report a case of massive orbital myiasis (ophthalmomyiasis profunda) arising from nasal myiasis and caused by in a patient with diabetes.

Observations: A 55-year-old woman presented with massive orbital myiasis from larvae invading the entire orbit, with only a small part of sclera and bulbar conjunctiva left of the ocular structures left unaffected. Read More

Iran J Parasitol 2018 Oct-Dec;13(4):669-672

Dept. of Tabriz City Environment Protection, Tabriz, Iran.

Myiasis is the infestation of animals or man tissues by parasitic dipterous fly larvae. Wound myiasis is the result of fly egg deposition on decaying flesh or pus discharging wounds. This case report describes a type of wound myiasis caused by spp. Read More

Trop Parasitol 2018 Jul-Dec;8(2):124-126. Epub 2018 Dec 27.

Department of Microbiology, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India.

BMJ Case Rep 2019 Jan 22;12(1). Epub 2019 Jan 22.

Maxillofacial Surgery Department, York Teaching Hospital NHS Foundation Trust, York, UK.

We present a rare cause for cutaneous furuncular myiasis in a 55-year-old British traveller returning from Uganda. Initially presenting with what appeared to be a cellulitic furuncle on her forehead, she returned to the emergency department 3 days later with extensive preseptal periorbital swelling and pain. Occlusive treatment with petroleum jelly was applied and one larva manually extracted and sent to London School of Tropical Medicine for examination. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2019 02;25(2):379-380

Pin-site myiasis is an underreported complication of surgical interventions. We present a case of myiasis caused by the New World screwworm fly (Cochliomyia hominivorax) in a pin site of a chronic nonhealed wound 12 years after the intervention. This infection apparently was the result of poor perfusion of the leg. Read More

J Pharm Pract 2019 Jan 20:897190018815390. Epub 2019 Jan 20.

1 Department of Pharmacy, Detroit Receiving Hospital, Detroit, MI, USA.

Myiasis is defined as an infestation of the organs or tissues of live vertebrates (humans or animals) by dipterous larvae, commonly referred to as maggots. Wound myiasis is a common presentation in the emergency department. The presence of wild maggots and larvae in wounds is concerning for subsequent myiasis-induced infections and complications. Read More

Cureus 2018 Nov 6;10(11):e3554. Epub 2018 Nov 6.

Surgery, Al Noor Surgery Hospital, Chakwal, PAK.

Myiasis of the genital organ is a rare clinical entity. It is a very disturbing condition that is linked to poor hygiene and sanitary conditions. Here, we report a case of a 62-year-old postmenopausal female who presented with the complaint of a mass coming out of the vaginal orifice for 10 years. Read More

Int Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2019 Jan 13;23(1):104-109. Epub 2018 Mar 13.

Department of Clinical Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Facultad de Medicina de la Pontificia Universidad Javeriana, Bogotá, Colombia.

 Myiasis is a disease caused by fly larvae that grow in the tissues of animals and humans. It can cause a variety of local symptoms, like erythema or pain, depending on its location, and generalized symptomatology, such as fever and malaise. Myiasis can generate severe complications, for instance sepsis, or directly impact vital tissues. Read More

JAMA Otolaryngol Head Neck Surg 2019 Feb;145(2):194-195

Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, National Academy of Medical Sciences, Bir Hospital, Kathmandu, Nepal.

Parasitol Res 2019 02;118(2):723

Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Main, Germany.

It was brought to the authors' attention that a citation within the published article was cited incorrectly. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2018 Dec;97(52):e13627

Trauma and Acute Care Surgery, Indiana University Health Methodist Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana.

Rationale: The presentation of sepsis and bacteremia in cutaneous and cavitary myiasis is uncommon. We present a patient, residing in a temperate region of the United States, with myiasis and sepsis from the emerging human pathogens Wohlfahrtiimonas chitiniclastica and Ignatzschineria indica.

Patient Concerns: A 37-year-old male patient with an 8-month history of chronic lymphedema and ulcers of the lower left extremity presented with myiasis of the left foot and leg. Read More

Transbound Emerg Dis 2019 Mar 15;66(2):968-977. Epub 2019 Jan 15.

Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Central del Ecuador, Quito, Ecuador.

The New World screwworm (Cochliomyia hominivorax) is an obligate parasite that affects warm-blooded animals. It causes myiasis in livestock and humans, which is a problem for animal production and public health. The health and economic burden of myiasis on livestock production is largely unknown in Ecuador. Read More

BMC Ophthalmol 2018 Dec 22;18(1):335. Epub 2018 Dec 22.

Laboratoire de Parasitologie-Mycologie, Plateau Technique de Biologie, 2 rue A. Ducoudray, 37013, 21070, Dijon Cedex, BP, France.

Background: External ophtalmomyiasis (EOM) is a zoonosis related to the presence of Oestrus ovis larvae at the ocular level in small ruminants (i.e. ovine, caprine). Read More

Med Vet Entomol 2018 Dec 19. Epub 2018 Dec 19.

School of Biological Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, U.K.

Calliphorid blowflies perform an essential ecosystem service in the consumption, recycling and dispersion of carrion nutrients and are considered amongst the most important functional groups in an ecosystem. Some species are of economic importance as facultative agents of livestock myiasis. The interspecific ecological differences that facilitate coexistence within the blowfly community are not fully understood. Read More

Infez Med 2018 Dec;26(4):385-388

Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Dr. Ruth K.M Pfau Civil hospital, Karachi, Pakistan and Dow Medical College, Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.

Myiasis is a pathological condition in which there is a pestilence of fly larvae feeding on living or dead tissues. This disease is common in the tropics and subtropics of Africa and America and rarely affects humans. Our case report describes a five-year-old boy from Karachi, Pakistan with a history of extraction sockets and incisional biopsy of the left parotid lymph node. Read More

Mikrobiyol Bul 2018 Oct;52(4):439-443

Kocaeli State Hospital, Clinic of Chest Diseases, Kocaeli, Turkey.

Myiasis; is defined as the infestation of dead or living tissues of humans and animals by the diptera larvae. It is prevalent all over the world, especially in tropical and subtropical countries with low socioeconomic status. Myiasis of humans has been associated with low socioeconomic status, alcoholism, mental or neurological diseases, poor personal hygiene, patients with varicose veins, diabetes, malnutrition, advanced stage cancer, pediculosis, immunosuppression, sexually transmitted disease, gingivitis and other oral cavity lesions. Read More

Open Vet J 2018 15;8(4):423-431. Epub 2018 Nov 15.

Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, P.O. Box 12211, Egypt.

larvae are of veterinary and medical importance caused specific equine intestinal myiasis. (Botfly larvae) had a wide geographical distribution. The present study explores the prevalence rate of 3 stage larvae in Egypt from January- December 2017; besides, in vitro trials to control of this larvae and evaluation of this trial using Scanning Electron Microscope (SEM) and histopathology of treated larvae. Read More

J Med Entomol 2019 Feb;56(2):464-471

Grupo de Investigación en Ciencias Forenses y Salud-GICFS, Tecnológico de Antioquia-Institución Universitaria, Medellín, Colombia.

Blowflies (Diptera: Calliphoridae) are necrophagous flies with ecological, medical, veterinary, and forensic importance. These flies carry pathogens that they spread to animals and humans, and produce myiasis. Furthermore, they are useful tools in forensic science as indicators of postmortem intervals, and in biomedicine they are successfully used in larval therapy. Read More

Wounds 2018 Dec;30(12):382

International Lymphedema and Wound Training Institute, www.ilwti.com.

J Med Entomol 2019 Apr;56(3):625-631

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Peradeniya, Peradeniya, Sri Lanka.

Chrysomya bezziana Villeneuve is the major human myiasis producer in tropical countries, including Sri Lanka. Although of great medical and veterinary importance, only a single study has been published on the development of C. bezziana. Read More

Rev Soc Bras Med Trop 2018 Nov-Dec;51(6):879

Laboratório de Estudo de Dípteros, Departamento de Microbiologia e Parasitologia, Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.

BMC Vet Res 2018 Dec 4;14(1):384. Epub 2018 Dec 4.

Clinic for Swine, Small Ruminants and Forensic Medicine, University of Veterinary Medicine Hannover, Foundation, Hannover, Germany.

Background: An infestation of bot fly larvae causes myiasis which is known to cause respiratory symptoms in ruminants. There are reports of bot fly larvae in llamas, but to our knowledge there are no previous reports of nasal myiasis due to bot flies in alpacas ("Vicugna pacos").

Case Presentation: The following case report describes a neutered male alpaca showing sneezing and mild nasal discharge. Read More

Forensic Sci Res 2018 22;3(1):16-26. Epub 2018 Mar 22.

Department of Forensic Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Central South University, Changsha, China.

Forensic entomology could provide valuable data for the minimum postmortem interval (PMI) estimation and other relevant information, such as causes and circumstances of death. Some representatives of flesh flies are one of the dominant necrophagous insects during early stages of decomposition, demonstrating unique biological characteristics compared with other necrophagous flies. Moreover, they lead to global health concerns as carriers of various pathogenic micro-organisms, and dominantly result in the traumatic myiasis. Read More

J Wildl Dis 2019 Apr 26;55(2):462-466. Epub 2018 Nov 26.

1 Laboratório de Fisiologia de Insetos Hematófagos, Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil, 31270-901.

Philornis is a neotropical genus of muscid fly that interacts with birds and may affect the development and survival of the birds' offspring. Although Philornis is a relatively common parasite, there is a lack of information about Philornis hosts in several parts of the Americas. In this study, two nests of the Rufousfronted Thornbird ( Phacellodomus rufifrons) were collected in Pedro Leopoldo, southeast Brazil. Read More

Int J Dermatol 2019 Mar 21;58(3):336-342. Epub 2018 Nov 21.

Faculty of Medicine, Department of Surgery, University of Peradeniya, Kandy, Sri Lanka.

Background: Myiasis, or the invasion of living tissues of humans and other mammals by dipterous larvae, is considered the world's fourth most common travel-associated skin disease after cutaneous larval migrants, pyodermas, and pruritic arthropod-reactive dermatitis.

Method: The present study recorded the cause, anatomical position, and severity of the wounds of myiasis patients admitted to 11 hospitals located in the central region of Sri Lanka from February 2016 to July 2017.

Results: Altogether, 28 myiasis incidences were noted within the study period. Read More

Parasitol Res 2019 Feb 19;118(2):389-397. Epub 2018 Nov 19.

Institute of Legal Medicine, University Hospital Frankfurt, Goethe-University, Frankfurt, Main, Germany.

Myiasis refers to the infestation of living humans and vertebrates with fly larvae that feed on necrotic or vital tissue of the host. Since the invasion of new fly species in Europe is currently being observed, which live obligatorily parasitically or are close relatives of such species, the aim of this study is to obtain a global overview of the distribution of myiasis-causing fly species in times of climate change and to assess the possible consequences for Western Europe. A systematic literature search was conducted using Pubmed/Medline for the years 1997 to 2017 and a total of 464 international case reports from 79 countries were evaluated. Read More

J Fr Ophtalmol 2018 Dec 14;41(10):997-998. Epub 2018 Nov 14.

Service d'ophtalmologie, CHU Mohammed VI, BP 2360 Principal, avenue Ibn-Sina, 40000 Marrakech, Maroc.

Med Sante Trop 2018 Nov;28(4):375-377

CHU-B, Brazzaville, Congo.

Furuncular myiasis is a cutaneous parasitosis that occurs in tropical regions. It is manifested by lesions with the appearance of pustules, because of the presence of the fly larva in the skin. This misleading appearance can delay diagnosis. Read More

Trop Doct 2019 Jan 12;49(1):48-49. Epub 2018 Nov 12.

2 Consultant Ophthalmologist, Ophthalmology Division, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of the West Indies, Mona, Kingston, Jamaica.

We present the case of a young male patient who presented with pain, redness and foreign body sensation in his left eye. There was no associated decrease in vision. Three live larvae were removed from his left conjunctival sac and sent to the laboratory for identification. Read More

Indian J Palliat Care 2018 Oct-Dec;24(4):459-464

Department of Palliative Medicine, Gujarat Cancer and Research Institute, Ahmadabad, Gujarat, India.

Introduction: Myiasis, tissue infestation by housefly larvae, is commonly found in malignant fungating wounds of cancer patients from climatic condition and lower socio-economic strata.

Aim Of Study: It was aimed to study the effectiveness of systemic Ivermectin, Albendazole& Clindamycin (Triple Therapy) in reducing signs & symptoms associated with maggots in malignant head and neck wounds.

Method: 25 adult, advanced head and neck cancer patients presenting with maggots either from wound, oral cavity or nostril, with ECOG score 3 or less were enrolled in this study. Read More

J Vector Ecol 2018 Dec;43(2):261-270

USDA, ARS, Center for Medical, Agricultural, and Veterinary Entomology, 1600 SW 23rd Drive, Gainesville, FL 32607, U.S.A.

Lucilia sericata is a facultative ectoparasite causing fly strike or myiasis in warm-blooded vertebrates. It is controlled by traps or insecticides, but both have drawbacks and alternative ways of control are urgently needed. Essential oils (EOs) of vetiver (Chrysopogon zizanioides), cinnamon (Cinnamomum zeylanicum), and lavender (Lavandula angustifolia) and their blends (OBs); OB1 (2 ml of each EO plus 4 ml of sunflower oil as a carrier) and OB2 (2 ml of each EO) were tested. Read More

Acta Dermatovenerol Croat 2018 Oct;26(3):267-269

Carmen Rodriguez Cerdeira, MD, Dermatology Service, Meixoeiro Hospital, CHUVI, C/Meixoeiro S/N 36200, Vigo, Spain;

Dear Editor, A 29-year-old woman presented with abscesses on her buttock and leg attributed to flea bites inflicted 5 days earlier on return to Spain after 2 months in Guinea-Bissau. Ciprofloxacin was ineffective after 7 days, and she was referred for dermatologic evaluation. Examination revealed 4 round, indurated, erythematous-violet furunculoid lesions with a 1. Read More

Vet Parasitol 2018 Oct 24;262:56-74. Epub 2018 Sep 24.

Key Laboratory of Non-Invasive Research Technology for Endangered Species, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 10083, China; Department of Zoology, School of Nature Conservation, Beijing Forestry University, 35 Qinghua East Road, Beijing, 100083, China. Electronic address:

Species of Gasterophilus are obligate parasites of equids and may induce severe, even lethal myiasis. However, identification of the third instar Gasterophilus larva at the species level is still problematic predominantly due to a shortage of diagnostic morphological features and incomplete molecular libraries. Testing the suitability of three different molecular markers showed that the traditional 650 bp barcode region near the 5' terminus of the cytochrome c oxidase subunit I (COI) served as a better tool for species-level identification than a 663 bp region near the 3' terminus of COI and a 554 bp region near the 5' terminus of the large subunit ribosomal RNA. Read More