109,772 results match your criteria Mycobacterium Haemophilum
Data Brief 2018 Dec 23;21:2430-2434. Epub 2018 Nov 23.
Immanuel Kant Baltic Federal University, A. Nevskogo St. 14, 236016 Kaliningrad, Russia.
This data article contains Raman experimental data, obtained with Horiba Jobin-Yvon LabRam HR800 spectrometer (Japan), which can be used for rapid identification of () bacteria (Beijing clade) . Data present analyzed Raman spectra of bacterial cells with various drug resistances obtained from pulmonary and extra pulmonary samples. Data can provide information about characteristic maxima of different structures in biological cell. Read More
Front Med (Lausanne) 2018 28;5:332. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Aix-Marseille Université, IRD 198, MEPHI, IHU Méditerranée Infection, Marseille, France.
Loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) is a nucleic acid method which has been used to identify mycobacteria including in clinical microbiology laboratory and point of care settings. Previously published LAMP protocols for detection of mycobacterial species used conventional specific primer and targeted the 16S rRNA, , and insertion sequence genes. We developed and evaluated a LAMP assay targeting a mycobacterial gene conserved sequence and incorporating degenerate primers. Read More
Clin Med Insights Gastroenterol 2018 3;11:1179552218815169. Epub 2018 Dec 3.
Infectious Diseases Inc., Bellevue, NE, USA.
For more than a decade, the therapeutic focus for Crohn's disease has remained fixed at temporary arrestment of symptomology. The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) lists Crohn's disease as a disease entity without current cure. Biologics in combination with antibiotics can frequently achieve remissions. Read More
Emerg Microbes Infect 2018 Dec 13;7(1):212. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Division of Chemical & System Biology, Department of Integrative Biomedical Science, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa.
Mycobacterium manages to evade the host cell immune system, partially owing to its ability to survive redox stress after macrophage engulfment. Exposure to redox stress has been linked to later replication, persistence, and latent infection. In this work, mass spectrometry was used to elucidate the cell-wide changes that occur in response to sublethal doses of hydrogen peroxide and nitric oxide over time, with Mycobacterium smegmatis being used as a model organism. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Dec 13;8(1):17826. Epub 2018 Dec 13.
Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
The clinical significance of a single Mycobacterium kansasii (MK) isolation in multiple sputum samples remains unknown. We conducted this study to evaluate the outcome and predictors of developing MK-pulmonary disease (PD) within 1 year among these patients. Patients with a single MK isolation from ≥3 sputum samples collected within 3 months and ≥2 follow-up sputum samples and chest radiography in the subsequent 9 months between 2008 and 2016 were included. Read More
Biosensors (Basel) 2018 Dec 12;8(4). Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Global Alliance for Rapid Diagnostics. Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA.
A new method using a magnetic nanoparticle-based colorimetric biosensing assay (NCBA) was compared with sputum smear microscopy (SSM) for the detection of pulmonary tuberculosis (PTB) in sputum samples. Studies were made to compare the NCBA against SSM using sputum samples collected from PTB patients prior to receiving treatment. Experiments were also conducted to determine the appropriate concentration of glycan-functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (GMNP) used in the NCBA and to evaluate the optimal digestion/decontamination solution to increase the extraction, concentration and detection of acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Read More
Microorganisms 2018 Dec 11;6(4). Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Ruminant Diseases Immunology Research Unit, National Animal Disease Center, USDA-Agricultural Research Service, Ames, IA 50010, USA.
Monoclonal antibodies against subspecies proteins are important tools in Johne's disease research and diagnostics. Johne's disease is a chronic inflammatory intestinal disease of cattle, sheep, and other ruminant animals. We have previously generated multiple sets of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) in different studies; however, because many were generated and screened against a whole-cell extract of , the antigens that bind to these antibodies remained unknown. Read More
J Clin Med 2018 Dec 7;7(12). Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
Local synthesis of antibodies and presence of oligoclonal bands in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) are hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS). We investigated the frequency of antibodies against mycobacterial and relevant human epitopes in the CSF of patients with MS or neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) and whether these antibodies differed from those present in the serum. Matched serum and CSF samples from 46 patients with MS, 42 patients with NMOSD, and 29 age-matched and sex-matched control subjects were screened retrospectively for the presence of antibodies against subsp. Read More
Infect Genet Evol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Shanghai Key Laboratory of Tuberculosis, Clinic and Research Center of Tuberculosis, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China. Electronic address:
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infections rely on continued growth and division. Despite the substantial global burden of tuberculosis, the underlying mechanism governing growth is incompletely understood. Bifunctional penicillin-binding protein (PBP1), encoded by Rv0050 (ponA1) of MTB, is a key peptidoglycan synthase and plays a central role in mycobacterial growth and division by its interaction with Rpf-interacting protein A (RipA, peptidoglycan endopeptidase). Read More
Infect Genet Evol 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Institut Pasteur, Unit for Integrated Mycobacterial Pathogenomics, CNRS UMR3525, Paris 75015, France. Electronic address:
Over the long course of evolution from a probable environmental reservoir, the pathogen that we know today as Mycobacterium tuberculosis has become fully capable of adapting to the life inside host cells by evading and modifying their responses to infection. Factors contributing to the success of this pathogen are numerous and thanks to a large body of work accumulated over the past decades, we are closer to understanding the remarkable complexity of tuberculosis pathogenesis. The unique type VII secretion systems and various complex lipids of the cell envelope have emerged as some of the most important and most studied factors in this regard. Read More
Anal Biochem 2018 Dec 10. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Department Cell Biology, Harvard Medical School, USA.
Tuberculosis affects about 100 million people worldwide and causes nearly 2 million deaths annually. It has been estimated that one third of all humans is infected with latent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb). Moreover, Mtb has become increasingly resistant to available antibiotics. Read More
N Z Med J 2018 Dec 14;131(1487):15-22. Epub 2018 Dec 14.
Medical Laboratory Scientist, Microbiology, LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland.
New Zealand has a low burden of multi-drug resistant TB (MDR-TB), but with increased mobility within the population, rapid detection and treatment of MDR-TB is a priority from the public health point of view. Mycobacterium Reference Laboratory in LabPLUS, Auckland City Hospital receives referred Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates from all over New Zealand for second-line drug susceptibility testing (DST) and 24-loci MIRU VNTR genotyping. Between 2002 and 2013, 38 multidrug resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MDR-TB) isolates were recorded by culture-based DST. Read More
Turk J Med Sci 2018 12 12;48(6):1351-1357. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Department of Medical Microbiology, School of Medicine, Acıbadem University, İstanbul, Turkey
Background/aim: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight (MALDI-TOF) mass spectrometry is an alternative way of identifying mycobacteria via the analysis of biomolecules. It is being increasingly used in routine microbiology practice since it permits early, rapid, and cost-effective identification of pathogens of clinical importance. In this study, we aimed to evaluate the efficacy of phenotypic identification of mycobacteria by the MALDI-TOF MS MBT Mycobacteria Library (ML) 4. Read More
J Comput Aided Mol Des 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Section of Cell Biology and Biophysics, Department of Biology, School of Sciences, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Panepistimiopolis, 15701, Athens, Greece.
Natural Resistance-Associated Macrophage Proteins are a family of transmembrane divalent metal ion transporters, with important implications in life of both bacteria and mammals. Among them, the Solute Carrier family 11 member A1 (SLC11A1) has been implicated with susceptibility to infection by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (MAP), potentially causing Crohn's disease in humans and paratuberculosis (PTB) in ruminants. Our previous research had focused on sequencing the mRNA of the caprine slc11a1 gene and pinpointed polymorphisms that contribute to caprine SLC11A1's susceptibility to infection by MAP in PTB. Read More
Front Vet Sci 2018 27;5:298. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, DST-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Stellenbosch University, Cape Town, South Africa.
() remains one of the most globally serious infectious agents for human morbidity and mortality, but with significant differences in prevalence across the globe. In many countries, the incidence is now low and declining, but control and eradication remain a distant view. Similarly, the prevalence of bovine TB caused by , varies significantly across regions, although unlike for , data are sparse. Read More
Chem Sci 2018 Nov 23;9(41):7948-7957. Epub 2018 Aug 23.
Department of Chemistry , University of Adelaide , SA 5005 , Australia . Email:
The proteins responsible for controlling electron transfer in bacterial secondary metabolism are not always known or characterised. Here we demonstrate that many bacteria contain a set of unfamiliar ferredoxin encoding genes which are associated with those of cytochrome P450 (CYP) monooxygenases and as such are involved in anabolic and catabolic metabolism. The model organism M contains eleven of these genes which encode [3Fe-4S] or [4Fe-4S] single cluster containing ferredoxins but which have unusual iron-sulfur cluster binding motif sequences, XXXX(X) P, where '' indicates a variable amino acid residue. Read More
Mucosal Immunol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
International Centre for Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology (ICGEB), Cape Town Component, Cape Town, 7925, South Africa.
Basic leucine zipper transcription factor 2 (Batf2) activation is detrimental in Type 1-controlled infectious diseases, demonstrated during infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) and Listeria monocytogenes Lm. In Batf2-deficient mice (Batf2), infected with Mtb or Lm, mice survived and displayed reduced tissue pathology compared to infected control mice. Indeed, pulmonary inflammatory macrophage recruitment, pro-inflammatory cytokines and immune effectors were also decreased during tuberculosis. Read More
J Clin Microbiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Institute of Microbiology, University of Lausanne, University Hospital of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) for direct molecular detection of and rifampicin resistance from clinical specimens has dramatically improved the diagnosis of tuberculosis (TB). Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) is proposed as a substitute of Xpert with increased sensitivity and improved rifampicin resistance detection. We evaluated the diagnostic performance of Ultra and Xpert for pulmonary TB diagnosis in a low TB burden setting. Read More
J Virol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Service of Immunology and Allergy, Lausanne University Hospital, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland
HIV infection is the major risk factor predisposing for () progression from latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) to tuberculosis disease (TB). Since long-term treated aviremic HIV-infected individuals remained at higher risk of developing TB as compared to HIV-uninfected individuals, we hypothesized that progression from LTBI to pulmonary TB (PTB) might not only be due to CD4 T-cell depletion but also to -specific CD4 T-cell functional impairment. To test this hypothesis, -specific T-cell frequencies and cytokine profiles were investigated in untreated Tanzanian individuals suffering from LTBI (n=20) or PTB (n=67) and compared to those of untreated /HIV co-infected individuals suffering from LTBI (n=15) or PTB (n=10). Read More
BMC Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12;18(1):646. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Service Universitaire des Maladies Infectieuses et du voyageur, Centre Hospitalier Dron, 135 avenue du Président Coty, 59200, Tourcoing, France.
Introduction: Mycobacterium mucogenicum is a rare but emerging cause of infections, especially in immunocompromised patients.
Case Presentation: We describe a new case of M. mucogenicum catheter-related bloodstream infection in a 34-year-old woman with ovarian cancer. Read More
Perfusion 2018 Dec 12:267659118814691. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
2 Department of Cardiac Surgery, IRCCS San Raffaele Hospital, Milan, Italy.
Mycobacterium chimaera infections have mainly been associated with the heater-cooler unit (HCU) and, ultimately, linked to contaminated aerosols in the operation room. The contamination status of HCUs seems to be influenced by the maintenance, therefore, according to the manufacturer's recommendations, peracetic acid (Puristeril) was introduced to increase HCU cleaning and disinfection protocol maintenance. Aerosol dispersion from Puristeril during maintenance can cause adverse effects to nearby workers. Read More
Front Microbiol 2018 20;9:2710. Epub 2018 Nov 20.
Applied Microbial Ecology Laboratory, Departamento de Ciencias Químicas y Recursos Naturales, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile.
Acidic ash derived volcanic soils (Andisols) support 50% of cereal production in Chile. Nitrogen (N) is essential for cereal crops and commonly added as urea with consequent environmental concerns due to leaching. Despite the relevance of N to plant growth, few studies have focused on understanding the application, management and ecological role of N-fixing bacterial populations as tool for improve the N nutrition of cereal crops in Chile. Read More
Mol Divers 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy and Biochemistry, University of Zagreb, 10 000, Zagreb, Croatia.
Here, we describe design and synthesis of twelve novel compounds bearing primaquine motif and hydroxy- or halogenamine linked by an urea or bis-urea spacer. Preparation of ureas 3a-f started with the conversion of primaquine to benzotriazolide 2 and aminolysis of the later compound by 4-(2-aminoethyl)phenol or amino alcohols bearing fluorine atom, cycloalkyl or trifluoromethyl group under microwave irradiation. The four-step sequence leading to bis-ureas 6a-f included preparation of benzotriazolide 2 and two intermediates, semicarbazide 4 and benzotriazole bis-urea 5, which upon aminolysis with the same aminophenol or amino alcohols gave the title compounds. Read More
Sci Rep 2018 Dec 6;8(1):17206. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
School Veterinary Medicine and Science, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK.
The role of badgers in the geographic expansion of the bovine tuberculosis (bTB) epidemic in England is unknown: indeed there have been few published studies of bTB in badgers outside of the Southwest of England where the infection is now endemic in cattle. Cheshire is now on the edge of the expanding area of England in which bTB is considered endemic in cattle. Previous studies, over a decade ago when bovine infection was rare in Cheshire, found no or only few infected badgers in the south eastern area of the county. Read More
Clin Chem 2018 Dec 6. Epub 2018 Dec 6.
Division of Immunity and Pathogenesis, Burnett School of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, University of Central Florida, Orlando, FL;
Background: Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species are a rising threat, especially to patients living with pulmonary comorbidities. Current point-of-care diagnostics fail to adequately identify and differentiate NTM species from (). Definitive culture- and molecular-based testing can take weeks to months and requires sending samples out to specialized diagnostic laboratories. Read More
Bioorg Med Chem 2018 Nov 28. Epub 2018 Nov 28.
Institute of Bioorganic and Medicinal Chemistry, Key Laboratory of Applied Chemistry of Chongqing Municipality, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China. Electronic address:
Based on the advantages of azole molecules and fluoroquinolone drugs, we designed and synthesized 34 clinafloxacin-azole conjugates using fragment-based drug design and drug combination principles. The in vitro activities of the synthesized conjugates against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (H37Rv), Hela cell as well as Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria were assayed. The bioassay results revealed that most of the target molecules had anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) activity, of which 14 compounds had very strong anti-TB activity [minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) < 2 μM]. Read More
Indian J Tuberc 2018 Oct 28;65(4):350-355. Epub 2018 Jun 28.
Professor and Head, Department of Orthopaedics, Maulana Azad Medical College and Lok Nayak Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India.
A 23-year-old female on anti-tubercular therapy for tuberculous sacroiliitis presented with right sided gluteal and thigh abscess. Suspecting treatment failure, surgical evacuation of purulent material was done. The bacteriological isolation showed positivity for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Read More
Indian J Tuberc 2018 Oct 11;65(4):345-349. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Airlangga/ Dr. Soetomo Hospital, Surabaya, Indonesia.
IFN-γ elevation is one of the indicators of successful treatment in active tuberculosis (TB) infection due to macrophage and Th-1 activation in inducing autophagy process. However, IL-10 also inhibits interferon-mediated mycobactericid activities by blocking IFN-γ; signaling pathways in autophagy. Therefore, ratio IFN-γ/IL-10 has to be greater than 1 (>1) then IFN-γ remains has anti-mycobacterium. Read More
Indian J Tuberc 2018 Oct 6;65(4):335-344. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
Former Secretary, Department of Health Research, Govt of India and Director-General, Indian Council of Medical Research, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, 110029, India. Electronic address:
Introduction: The need to shorten the treatment duration in tuberculosis has always been felt. Immunotherapy in combination with chemotherapy has been considered a promising approach for this purpose into tuberculosis. We studied the adjuvant immunotherapeutic activity of Mycobacterium indicus pranii (MIP or Mw) in combination with conventional chemotherapy using guinea pig of pulmonary tuberculosis infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv via aerosol. Read More
Indian J Tuberc 2018 Oct 11;65(4):329-334. Epub 2018 Sep 11.
Bharathiar University, Coimbatore, India.
Introduction: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) causing clinical disease have become increasingly common and more diverse. The development of fast, inexpensive, and reliable tests to identify nontuberculous mycobacteria is need of the hour especially under the Revised National TB Control Programme (RNTCP). The Aim of the study was to check the Diagnostic efficacy of the GenoType Mycobacterium CM/AS assay compared with HPLC and Biochemical Test for Identification of Non-Tuberculous Mycobacteria under the Revised Tuberculosis Control Programme. Read More
Zhonghua Jie He He Hu Xi Za Zhi 2018 Dec;41(12):954-958
Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou 511436, China.
To explore the signal pathway of M2-type polarization induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB)-specific peptide E7. Monocyte-macrophages were divided into blank control group, M1 positive stimulus group [co-stimulated with lipopolysaccharide and gamma interferon (IFN-γ)], M2 positive group(co-stimulated with IL-4 and IL-13), and E7 experimental group (with MTB-specificity polypeptide E7 stimulated). The expression of M1 type markers CD(16), IL-6, TNF-α and M2 type markers CD(163), CD(206), IL-10 were detected at 12, 18, 24 and 36 h. Read More
J Infect Dis 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Radboud university medical center, Department of Internal Medicine and Radboud Center of Infectious Diseases, Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
Background: Rewiring cellular metabolism is important for activation of immune cells during host defense against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Glutamine has been implicated as an immunomodulatory nutrient, but its role in response to M. tuberculosis is unknown. Read More
PLoS One 2018 12;13(12):e0208603. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Institute of Tropical Medicine, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Antwerp, Belgium.
Objective: Ancestral M. tuberculosis complex lineages such as M. africanum are underrepresented among retreatment patients and those with drug resistance. Read More
J Water Health 2018 Dec;16(6):938-946
Food Microbiology Branch, Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute, Belfast, Northern Ireland, UK.
The versatility of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) protocol provides enough grounds for its wide application over an array of microorganisms. This work was designed to evaluate DGGE for the detection and confirmation of mycobacteria and their association, if any, with waterborne pathogens. A total of 76 samples comprising raw untreated water, schmutzdecke, floccules and final treated water obtained from a common water source, and two water treatment works (WTW1 and WTW2), were analysed. Read More
J Med Microbiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
2Institute of Aquaculture, University of Stirling, Stirling FK9 4LA, UK.
Purpose: Mycobacteria are common causative agents of bacterial infections in many species of freshwater and marine fish. Identification of mycobacteria to the species level based on phenotypic tests is inappropriate and time consuming. Molecular methods such as partial or entire gene sequence determination in mycobacteria have been employed to resolve these problems. Read More
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018 Dec 10;113(12):e180274. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Instituto Lauro de Souza Lima, Bauru, SP, Brasil.
BACKGROUND Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae, and compromises the skin and peripheral nerves. This disease has been classified as multibacillary (MB) or paucibacillary (PB) depending on the host immune response. Genetic epidemiology studies in leprosy have shown the influence of human genetic components on the disease outcomes. Read More
Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2018 Dec 10;114:e180450. Epub 2018 Dec 10.
Universidade Federal do Estado do Rio de Janeiro/Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brasil.
BACKGROUND Amazon, the largest tropical forest of the world, has suffered from dengue outbreaks since 1998. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of patients, from Amazonas state, suspected of central nervous system (CNS) viral infection was studied using molecular and immunological methods. OBJECTIVE To evaluate the importance of CSF investigation in patients with acute dengue virus (DENV) infection of CNS. Read More
Chin Med J (Engl) 2018 Dec;131(24):3017-3019
National Center for Tuberculosis Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 102206, China.
Future Microbiol 2018 Dec 12. Epub 2018 Dec 12.
Institute of Modern Biopharmaceuticals, State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Eco-Environment & Bio-Resource of the Three Gorges Area, Key Laboratory of Eco-environments in Three Gorges Reservoir Region, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Southwest University, Beibei, Chongqing 400715, PR China.
Aim: To characterize a novel macrolide ATP binding cassette efflux pump encoding gene Rv1473 which might be involved in antibiotic resistance.
Methods: Mycobacterium smegmatis was used as a surrogate model for pathogenic mycobacteria, drug susceptibility assays and ethidium bromide accumulation assay were harnessed to verify drug resistance. The real-time quantitative PCR was used to evaluate the transcription levels of WhiB7 and Ms3140 upon exposure to macrolides. Read More
Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2018 27;8:417. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Oxford University Clinical Research Unit, Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.
It is uncertain whether differences in ( virulence defined influence clinical tuberculosis pathogenesis, transmission, and mortality. We primarily used a macrophage lysis model to characterize the virulence of isolates collected from 153 Vietnamese adults with pulmonary tuberculosis. The virulence phenotypes were then investigated for their relationship with sputum bacterial load, bacterial lineages, bacterial growth, and cytokine responses in macrophages. Read More
Front Genet 2018 27;9:575. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
West African Centre for Cell Biology of Infectious Pathogens, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Genomics and bioinformatics are increasingly contributing to our understanding of infectious diseases caused by bacterial pathogens such as and parasites such as . This ranges from investigations of disease outbreaks and pathogenesis, host and pathogen genomic variation, and host immune evasion mechanisms to identification of potential diagnostic markers and vaccine targets. High throughput genomics data generated from pathogens and animal models can be combined with host genomics and patients' health records to give advice on treatment options as well as potential drug and vaccine interactions. Read More
Front Genet 2018 27;9:572. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Department of Biotechnology, Babasaheb Bhimrao Ambedkar University, Lucknow, India.
Mycobacterial infections are one of the deadliest infectious diseases still posing a major health burden worldwide. The battle against these pathogens needs to focus on novel approaches and key interventions. In recent times, availability of genome scale data has revolutionized the fields of computational biology and immunoproteomics. Read More
Front Immunol 2018 27;9:2709. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Interdisciplinary Biological Sciences Program, Northwestern University, Evanston, IL, United States.
Mycolic acid (MA), a major lipid component of (Mtb) cell wall, can be presented by the non-polymorphic antigen presenting molecule CD1b to T cells isolated from Mtb-infected individuals. These MA-specific CD1b-restricted T cells are cytotoxic, produce Th1 cytokines, and form memory populations, suggesting that MA can be explored as a potential subunit vaccine candidate for TB. However, the controlled elicitation of MA-specific T cell responses has been challenging due to difficulties in the targeted delivery of lipid antigens and a lack of suitable animal models. Read More
Front Microbiol 2018 27;9:2820. Epub 2018 Nov 27.
Swiss Tropical and Public Health Institute, Basel, Switzerland.
Tuberculosis (TB) affects humans and other animals and is caused by bacteria from the complex (MTBC). Previous studies have shown that there are at least nine members of the MTBC infecting animals other than humans; these have also been referred to as ecotypes. However, the ecology and the evolution of these animal-adapted MTBC ecotypes are poorly understood. Read More
MBio 2018 Dec 11;9(6). Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Department of Microbiology and Physiological Systems, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
Two efficient recombination systems were combined to produce a versatile method for chromosomal engineering that obviates the need to prepare double-stranded DNA (dsDNA) recombination substrates. A synthetic "targeting oligonucleotide" is incorporated into the chromosome via homologous recombination mediated by the phage Che9c RecT annealase. This oligonucleotide contains a site-specific recombination site for the directional Bxb1 integrase (Int), which allows the simultaneous integration of a "payload plasmid" that contains a cognate recombination site and a selectable marker. Read More
J Biol Chem 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, United States.
The lipoyl cofactor plays an integral role in several essential biological processes. The last step in its biosynthetic pathway, the attachment of two sulfur atoms at C6 and C8 of an -octanoyl-lysyl chain, is catalyzed by lipoyl synthase (LipA), a member of the radical SAM superfamily. In addition to the [4Fe-4S] cluster common to all radical SAM enzymes, LipA contains a second [4Fe-4S] auxiliary cluster, which is sacrificed during catalysis to supply the requisite sulfur atoms, rendering the protein inactive for further turnovers. Read More
Water Environ Res 2018 Dec;90(12):2090-2099
In this study a laboratory-scale sequencing batch bioreactor was constructed, using phenanthrene/pyrene as the sole carbon-source, to demonstrate the removal efficiencies of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and the evolution process of a functional bacterial community. The removal rates were: COD, 51.4 to 76. Read More
J Ethnopharmacol 2018 Dec 8. Epub 2018 Dec 8.
Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, India. Electronic address:
Ethnopharmacological Relevance: The emergence of drug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) strains has severely hampered global efforts towards tuberculosis (TB) eradication. The internationally accepted therapy "Directly Observed Treatment Short-course (DOTS)" is lengthy, and incorporates risks for the generation of drug-resistant M. Read More
Proteins 2018 Dec 11. Epub 2018 Dec 11.
High Pressure and Synchrotron Radiation Physics Division, Bhabha Atomic Research Centre, Mumbai, India.
The proline-specific M24B peptidases that cleave Xaa-Pro iminopeptide bond in dipeptides are called prolidases while those that preferentially cleave this bond at the N-termini of longer peptides are called aminopeptidases-P. Escherichia coli and other bacteria have small aminopeptidases-P (36-39 kDa) which are considerably diverged from the canonical aminopeptidase-P of E. coli (50 kDa). Read More
Small 2018 Dec 7:e1804436. Epub 2018 Dec 7.
Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200433, China.
Drinking water treatment processes (DWTPs) impact pathogen colonization and microbial communities in finished water; however, their efficacies against opportunistic pathogens are not fully understood. In this study, the effects of treatment steps on the removal of Legionella spp., Legionella pneumophila, nontuberculous mycobacteria, Mycobacterium avium, and two amoeba hosts (Vermamoeba vermiformis, Acanthamoeba) are evaluated in two parallel trains of DWTPs equipped with different pretreatment units. Read More