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IDCases 2022 15;29:e01538. Epub 2022 Jun 15.

Department of Infectious Diseases, Communicable Diseases Centre, Hamad Medical Corporation, Doha, Qatar.

is one of the nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM), which can cause many clinical spectra, predominantly pulmonary infections followed by skin and soft tissue infections. The prevalence of infections has been growing worldwide over the last two decades. Urinary tract infection (UTI) secondary to is a rare condition, and only five cases have been described in the literature so far. Read More

Curr Protoc 2022 Jun;2(6):e458

Instituto de Tecnologia Química e Biológica António Xavier, ITQB NOVA, Universidade Nova de Lisboa, Oeiras, Portugal.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis, the etiological agent of tuberculosis, is regarded as the most successful pathogen of humankind and a major threat to global health. The mycobacterial cell wall is vital for cell growth, virulence, and resistance to antibiotics, and thus constitutes a unique target for drug development. To characterize the enzymes catalyzing the synthesis of the cell wall components, considerable amounts of substrates are required. Read More

Proc (Bayl Univ Med Cent) 2022 12;35(4):545-547. Epub 2022 Apr 12.

Department of Dermatology and Dermatopathology, Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center, Lubbock, Texas.

A 42-year-old man presented with a sporotrichoid lymphocutaneous infection for 1 month. The histopathology of the lesions showed numerous intracellular mycobacteria within foamy histiocytes suggestive of nontuberculous mycobacteria and misled the empiric treatment. The final culture grew spp. Read More

Nat Commun 2022 Jun 24;13(1):3608. Epub 2022 Jun 24.

Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA, USA.

Many key insights into actin regulation have been derived through examining how microbial pathogens intercept the actin cytoskeleton during infection. Mycobacterium marinum, a close relative of the human pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis, polymerizes host actin at the bacterial surface to drive intracellular movement and cell-to-cell spread during infection. However, the mycobacterial factor that commandeers actin polymerization has remained elusive. Read More

Ther Adv Respir Dis 2022 Jan-Dec;16:17534666221103213

College of Medicine, National Chung Hsing University, Taichung City.

Background: Infection due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is an emerging issue worldwide, and we aimed to address the epidemiology and mortality association of NTM infection requiring treatment in Taiwan.

Methods: We used the 2003-2018 data of 2 million representative individuals in Taiwan's National Health Insurance Research Database. We identified patients with newly diagnosed NTM infection and received treatment as NTM cases. Read More

Infect Drug Resist 2022 17;15:3097-3101. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Shandong Key Laboratory of Infectious Respiratory Disease, Jinan, Shandong, People's Republic of China.

Background: Currently, the prevalence of nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) strains isolated from mycobacterial cultures has been well characterized. However, the data on the prevalence of tuberculosis (TB) in patients with NTM disease remain unclear.

Methods: Between January 2012 and August 2020, consecutive patients with positive mycobacterial cultures were included for analysis. Read More

Pathogens 2022 Jun 20;11(6). Epub 2022 Jun 20.

DSI-NRF Centre of Excellence for Biomedical Tuberculosis Research, South African Medical Research Council Centre for Tuberculosis Research, Division of Molecular Biology and Human Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Stellenbosch University, P.O. Box 241, Cape Town 8000, South Africa.

Since certain complex (MTBC) members, such as , are endemic in specific South African wildlife reserves and zoos, cases of clinically important nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) in wildlife may be neglected. Additionally, due to the inability of tests to differentiate between the host responses to MTBC and NTM, the diagnosis of MTBC may be confounded by the presence of NTMs. This may hinder control efforts. Read More

Cureus 2022 May 17;14(5):e25070. Epub 2022 May 17.

Dermatology, Raymond G. Murphy Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Albuquerque, USA.

Although nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infection is often thought of as a pulmonary disease, it can manifest on the skin in rare cases. In this report, we describe two cases of cutaneous  that presented as nonhealing rashes that were initially thought to be caused by bacterial cellulitis but did not respond to broad-spectrum antibiotics. In both cases, the rash began on the upper extremities. Read More

ACS Infect Dis 2022 Jun 22. Epub 2022 Jun 22.

School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 60 Nanyang Drive, Singapore 637551.

() aspartate decarboxylase PanD is required for biosynthesis of the essential cofactor coenzyme A and targeted by the first line drug pyrazinamide (PZA). PZA is a prodrug that is converted by a bacterial amidase into its bioactive form pyrazinoic acid (POA). Employing structure-function analyses we previously identified POA-based inhibitors of PanD showing much improved inhibitory activity against the enzyme. Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2022 07;28(7):1506-1509

Mycobacterium genavense infection, a rare nontuberculous mycobacteria infection, occurs in heavily immunocompromised patients (i.e., those with advanced HIV disease, genetic disorders, or acquired immunologic disorders and those undergoing immunosuppressive therapy). Read More

Emerg Infect Dis 2022 07;28(7):1437-1441

Unidentified Mycobacterium species are sometimes detected in respiratory specimens. We identified a novel Tsukamurella species (Tsukamurella sp. TY48, RIMD 2001001, CIP 111916), Tsukamurella toyonakaense, from a patient given a misdiagnosis of nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease caused by unidentified mycobacteria. Read More

Mol Biol Rep 2022 Jun 18. Epub 2022 Jun 18.

Department of Basic Sciences, Division of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Shahid Chamran University of Ahvaz, Ahvaz, Iran.

Background: Differentiating Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) from nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) is very important in the treatment process of patients. According to the American Thoracic Society guideline (ATS), NTM clinical isolates should be identified at the species level proper treatment and patient management. This study aimed to identify NTM clinical isolates by evaluationg rpoB, ssrA, tuf, atpE, ku, and dnaK genes, and use multilocus sequence analysis (MLSA) to concatenate the six genes. Read More

Medicine (Baltimore) 2022 Jun 17;101(24):e29395. Epub 2022 Jun 17.

Department of Radiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Rationale: Prompt diagnosis of nontuberculous Mycobacterial (NTM) vertebral osteomyelitis is challenging, yet necessary to prevent serious morbidity and mortality. Here, we report 3 cases of vertebral osteomyelitis caused by NTM with imaging findings.

Patient Concerns: Case 1, a 58-year-old male patient, was admitted to our hospital because of the presence of a pulmonary mass for 6 months with cough and chest pain. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2022 Jun;71(6)

College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing, PR China.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) infections are increasing worldwide and are relatively resistant to many of the first- and second-line drugs to treat tuberculosis. Macrolide antibiotics, such as clarithromycin and azithromycin, are the key drugs for treating NTM infections. Fidaxomicin is a macrolide antibiotic that is widely used in treating infections, and has high activity against especially multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) and has no cross-resistance with rifampicin. Read More

IDCases 2022 7;29:e01527. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Missouri, 1 Hospital Drive, Columbia, MO 65212, USA.

We describe two cases of musculoskeletal nontuberculous mycobacterial (NTM) infection resulting in undesirable outcomes. These organisms can be difficult to identify and treat, potentially leading to significant morbidity. NTM should remain on the differential for culture negative bone and joint infections, especially with a prior surgical history or environmentally-acquired injuries. Read More

J Med Microbiol 2022 Jun;71(6)

Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Tunku Abdul Rahman, Petaling Jaya, Malaysia.

Tigecycline is an important rescue antibiotic for many bacterial infections. In , tigecycline resistance has been associated with dysregulated stress response caused by aberrations in the interaction of the SigH and RshA factors. In this study, two tigecycline-resistant mutants of (CL5A and CL6A) with mutations in the gene were studied using gene complementation, RT-qPCR and the bacterial adenylate cyclase two-hybrid (BACTH) system. Read More

Crit Rev Microbiol 2022 Jun 13:1-16. Epub 2022 Jun 13.

Postgraduate Department of Botany, Ramananda College, Bishnupur, India.

is a nontuberculous mycobacterium, associated with broncho-pulmonary infections in individuals suffering from cystic fibrosis, bronchiectasis, and pulmonary diseases. The risk factors for transmission include biofilms, contaminated water resources, fomites, and infected individuals. is extensively resistant to antibiotics. Read More

Access Microbiol 2022 22;4(3):000328. Epub 2022 Mar 22.

Institute of Pulmonology, Sheba Tel-HaShomer Medical Center, Ramat Gan, Israel.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) may cause pulmonary and extra-pulmonary disease in both immunocompetent and immunocompromised patients. Pleuritis is an uncommon manifestation on NTM disease, and pleuritis caused by has only been described once before. Because it is considered to be an environmental contaminant, isolation of from bronchopulmonary secretions or other sites is often dismissed. Read More

J Infect Chemother 2022 Jun 9. Epub 2022 Jun 9.

Division of General Internal Medicine, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan; Division of Infectious Diseases, Jichi Medical University Hospital, Tochigi, Japan. Electronic address:

Background: Disseminated infections of Mycolicibacter arupensis, a slowly growing nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) which causes synovitis, osteomyelitis, or pulmonary infections have rarely been reported. We report a case of disseminated M. arupensis and Mycobacterium avium co-infection in a patient with anti-interferon (IFN)-γ neutralizing autoantibody-associated immunodeficiency syndrome. Read More

Int J Mol Sci 2022 May 26;23(11). Epub 2022 May 26.

National Emerging Infectious Diseases Laboratories, Boston University, Boston, MA 02215, USA.

Pulmonary infections caused by the group of nontuberculosis mycobacteria (NTM), Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), are a growing public health concern with incidence and mortality steadily increasing globally. Granulomatous inflammation is the hallmark of MAC lung infection, yet reliable correlates of disease progression, susceptibility, and resolution are poorly defined. Unlike widely used inbred mouse strains, mice that carry the mutant allele at the genetic locus sst1 develop human-like pulmonary tuberculosis featuring well-organized caseating granulomas. Read More

Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 2022 Jun;72(6)

Australian Centre for Water and Environmental Biotechnology (ACWEB), University of Queensland, St. Lucia, Brisbane QLD 4072, Australia.

A nonmotile, facultatively anaerobic and rod-shaped bacterial strain, designated M1 was isolated from a bioreactor being operated at pH ~2 at Brisbane, Australia. Colonies appeared to be convex and white. Phylogenetic analysis of its genome revealed an affiliation with the genus and its closest species based on 16S rRNA gene analysis were DSM 45454 (98. Read More

Braz J Biol 2022 6;84:e262851. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Universidade de São Paulo, Departamento de Medicina Veterinária Preventiva e Saúde Animal, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.

Nontuberculous mycobacteria infection is one of the most common chronic bacterial diseases in ornamental aquarium fish and appears to be directly related to stressful husbandry practices. Furthermore, it also represents zoonotic potential. Here we present the isolation and characterization of non-tuberculous mycobacteria from diseased freshwater angelfish (Pterophyllum scalare) in São Paulo, Brazil. Read More

Sultan Qaboos Univ Med J 2022 May 26;22(2):295-299. Epub 2022 May 26.

Department of Child Health, Royal Hospital, Muscat, Oman.

(MABSC) is a rapidly growing and may rarely cause disseminated infections in immunocompromised patients. In patients with cystic fibrosis (CF), it peaks between the ages of 11 and 15 years. We present a five-month-old infant with coexisting CF and progressive familial intrahepatic cholestasis (PFIC) who had pulmonary and cutaneous dissemination of MABSC infection. Read More

Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2022 Jun 7;119(24):e2123100119. Epub 2022 Jun 7.

Department of Biological Sciences, University of Notre Dame, Notre Dame, IN 46556.

The ESX-1 (ESAT-6-system-1) system and the protein substrates it transports are essential for mycobacterial pathogenesis. The precise ways that ESX-1 substrates contribute to virulence remains unknown. Several known ESX-1 substrates are also required for the secretion of other proteins. Read More

Elife 2022 06 6;11. Epub 2022 Jun 6.

Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, United States.

() is a rapidly growing non-tuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) that causes a wide range of infections. Treatment of infections is difficult because the bacterium is intrinsically resistant to many classes of antibiotics. Developing new and effective treatments against requires a better understanding of the unique vulnerabilities that can be targeted for future drug development. Read More

Front Cell Infect Microbiol 2022 16;12:851197. Epub 2022 May 16.

Hubei Key Laboratory of Tumor Microenvironment and Immunotherapy, China Three Gorges University, Yichang, China.

Tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α) is a crucial factor in the control of () infection. Pathogenic mycobacteria can inhibit and/or regulate host cell TNF-α production in a variety of ways to evade antituberculosis (anti-TB) immunity as well as facilitate immune escape. However, the mechanisms by which TNF-α expression in host cells is modulated to the benefit of mycobacteria is still an interesting topic and needs further study. Read More

World J Clin Cases 2022 Apr;10(12):3801-3807

Department of Thoracic Oncology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, Tianjin 300060, China.

Background: Nontuberculous mycobacterium (NTM) refers to all mycobacteria except and , also known as environmental Mycobacterium. The patients with lung cancer and NTM are somewhat special; the two diseases are inevitably influenced by each other. It brings difficulties and challenges to the choice of treatment. Read More

Top Companion Anim Med 2022 May 27;50:100672. Epub 2022 May 27.

Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Santa Catarina State, Lages, Santa Catarina, Brazil. Electronic address:

This report describes the clinical features and molecular diagnosis of a case of canine leproid granuloma (CLG) caused by mycobacterial strains of the Mycobacterium simiae complex in Brazil. A 12-year-old non-neutered male Labrador Retriever dog was presented with a 2-week history of progressive painless cutaneous lesions. Ulcerated nodules with hematic crusts were observed on the dorsal surface of the right and left pinna and on the metacarpal, metatarsal, and digits. Read More

Sci Rep 2022 May 31;12(1):9069. Epub 2022 May 31.

Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen, 518000, Guangdong, China.

We investigated the clinical features and screened for predictive factors of anti-interferon-γ autoantibody (AIGA) positivity. We enrolled 63 AIGA-positive (group 1) and 29 AIGA-negative (group 2) HIV-negative patients. White blood cell (WBC) and neutrophil counts, erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and C-reactive protein (CRP), globulin, immunoglobulin (Ig) G, and IgM levels were higher, whereas CD4T cell count and hemoglobin level were lower in group 1 than in group 2. Read More

J Hand Surg Am 2022 May 27. Epub 2022 May 27.

Division of Infectious Diseases, Mayo Clinic, Phoenix, AZ.

Purpose: We analyzed patient demographic factors involved in the development of nonmarinum, nontuberculous mycobacterial infections (NTMI) involving the upper extremity, and assessed diagnostic and prognostic values of commonly used preoperative laboratory and imaging studies, as well as factors related to recurrence of disease and patient outcomes.

Methods: Patients from 2 academic, tertiary facilities with culture-proven, nonmarinum NTMI involving the upper extremity were reviewed. Patient-related factors and clinical outcomes were extracted. Read More